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THE ATLANTA SFMT-WEEELY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1913.
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This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information.
Letters 'should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State
Agricultural College, Athens, Oa.
Preserving the Vigor
The farmer who hopes to succeed in
a financial way must keep his herds
and flocks in a healthy condition. The
loss of several valuable animals during
the course of the year quickly wipes
out what should otherwise represent a
substantial profit. Animals are much
more sensitive to their surroundings
than many of us suppose, and diseases
are as liable to creep in surreptitiously
as in the case of the human being. Con
stant vigilance is the only safeguard
at the farmer’s command. In the first
place, animals should be kept on pas-.
tture and out of doors as mucth as pos
sible. Sunshine is one of the most pow
erful disinfectants known and fresh air
is an antidote for many of the ills to
which animals are subject. The live
stock farmer must, therefore, have an
abundance of pasture. In order that the*
animals may have protection from the
extremely hot rays of the sun in the
summer time, shade should be provided
in the pastures . This is not a difficult
thing to do, and if the pastures should
happen to be without natural shade,
it is a comparatively easy matter to
provide a temporary shelter or to fence
in a small tract of woodland so that
the. necessary shade may be availble
at all times. The animals will quickly
discover this shade and take full ad
vantage of the protection it affords
them in the middle of the day.
Pastures and pasture lands have
never received the consideration which
their importance merits in the United
States. The grazing lands should be
frequently inspect and harrowed disked
and even plowed. Some fertilizer to
balance up the nitrogen returned to the
soil .in the way of dejecta should be
applied. For pastures bone meal pro
vides a very desirable form of phos
phorus, and will be found very bene
ficial on most of our southern grazing
lands. Applications of lime will help
the grass materially, especially on soils
where there is a tendency to acidity,
and undesirable grass and weed growths
tend to choke out the plants which are
most valuable for grazing purposes. It
will not cost much to give pastures the
added attention which their importance
merits; yet they will respond splendidly
to a little care and attention and re
ward the farmer by larger returns of
milk or beef per acre as the case may
be.
Native grasses should be utilized for
pasture purposes as largely as possible,
and w r here these fail some of the nardier
and better known tame grasses and
clovers should be used. The pasture
may frequently be made of great serv
ice during the winter season. If some
of the clovers which thrive best at that
season of the year be employed a good
deal of picking will be provided
throughout the year. The animals will
obtain wholesome and much-needed ex
ercise in the open air, thus tending to
keep the circulation and, digestion in
good condition and to hasten the elimi
nation of any effete material which
might otherwise accumulate in the sys
tem and produce indigestion or other
forms of illness. Of course, the pas
tures should not be graezd in extremely
wet weather, and even though they may
not furnish much feed during the win
ter season they are most valuable in
maintaining the health and vigor of the
herd. Burr clover, white clover and the
vetches may be sown on most pasture
lands with some considerable ' advan
tage, and after they .become well es-
m tablished will reproduce themselves.
Where these make a good growth, the
amount of roughness needed will be ma
terially reduced, and the farmer who
does not possess a silo will find that
his animals thrive much better than
upon the dry, coase food upuon which he
generally attempts to maintain them.
Therefore, an effort should be made on
every farm to encourage the growth of
such legumes and tame grasses as will
provide a considerable amount of gra-
ing in the winter season.
Naturally, where animals are kept in
any considerable number the silo should
be depended on as a source of succulent
feed in the winter time. It is surpris
ing how small an area of land may be
made to fill a silo holding as much as
^100 to 150 tons. Silage is one of the
* roost wholesome winter feeds the writer
has ever seen utilized, and in a long
period of observation it has been worth
more than any amount of money in
vested in medicine. The silage acts as
a relaxing tonic to the systejn. It helps
to keep the bowels regulated and the
appetite on edge. It takes the place of
grass in a most satisfactory manner.
It provides an ideal companion food to
use with many of the more concen
trated foodstuffs on the market which
might otherwise not be so well digested
and assimilated. Animals receiving
silage will shed off about thirty days
earlier In the spring and will present
a slicker and better appearance through
out the entire winter season. Every
farmer who is engaged in the live stock
business to any considerable extent will
find the silo the cheapest and most val
uable on his farm.
If the animals must be confined dur
ing the winter season, let the stables
MOTHER! IS CHILD’S
STOMACH SOUR, SIGH?
If Cross, feverish, constipated
give “California Syrup of
Figs.”
Don’t scold your fretful, peevish
child. See if tongue is coated; this is
a sure sign its little stomach, liver and
bowels are clogged with sour waste.
When listless, pale, feverish, full of
cold, breath bad, throat sore, doesn't
eat, sleep or act naturally, has stomach
ache, indigestion, diarrhoea, give a tea
spoonful of “California Syrup of Figs,”
and in a few hours all the foul waste,
the sour bile and fermenting food
passes out of the bowels and you have
a well and playful child again. Chil
dren love this harmless “fruit laxative,”
and mothers can rest easy after giving
It, because it never fails to make their
little “insides” clean and, sweet.
Keep it handy, Mother! A little given
today saves a sick child tomorrow, but
get the genuine. Ask your druggist for
bl 50-cent bottle of “California Syrup of
Figs,” which has directions for babies,
children of all ages and for grown-ups
plainly on the bottle. Remember there
are counterfeits sold here, so surely look
and see that yours is made by the
^California Fig Syrup Company.” Hand
back with contempt any other fig syrup.
of Herds and Flocks
be light and well ventilated. If they
are to be kept in a barn with storage
above, it should be at least tightly
floored so that the dirt will not fall
down from above nor the breath of the
animals contaminate the feed. While
the stable should have an abundance of
windows and doors, it should be so ar
ranged as to prevent cold draughts from
blowing through it. So many forms of
ventilators are now on the market, and
they may be so easily installed that this
very important and essential factor in
keeping the animals healthy should not
be overlooked. In most places in the
south artificial ventilation Will not be
necessary because of the very consider
able amount of sunshine throughout the
winter season. A good yard on the out
side of the stable should be provided
and should be kept dry and in a cleanly
condition as an exercise lot. In this lot
there should be plenty of rock salt,
and, of course, this very necessary ar
ticle of the dietary should be kept in
the pastures. Pure water is one of the
very important things in maintaining
animals in a vigorous condition. The
water troughs should be cleaned out fre
quently and scoured well with salsoda
or something else to sweeten them. The
same is true of the mangers, especially
where they are constructed of wood. All
opinions to the contrary, animals are
more dainty frequently in their tastes
than the owners permit them to be.
To maintain animals on dry, rough
feed throughout the winter season is a
policy devoid of common sSnse, and
where one cannot have a silo a grazing
area should be provided in the vicinity
of the stable on which the animals may
be turned out from time to time. A
patch of rye, oats, barley or any other
crop which grows satisfactorily in the
colder months of the year will answer
every purpose. Medicine should not be
used to any appreciable extent, and
should only be resorted to in the last
extremity. Then it should be of a sim
ple character and purchased directly
from the drug store by the owner. This
will be found cheaper and more satis
factory than to purchase the nostrums
so frequently suggested. Animals suf
fering from indigestion will often re
cover if given a dose of oil or Glauber
salts and fed bran mashed for a few
days. Sometimes a tonic or’ condition
pcwder will be found helpful, especially
with horses. Simple treatment and care
and skill in management will do in
finitely more than quantities of medi
cine. Disinfectants should be used in
and about the stables from time to
time. A 5 per cent solution of creolin
will be found very efficient. Any of the
coal tar dips in fact may be used to
advantage. Keep the animals free from
lice. Curry them as frequently as pos
sible. This keeps the skin free from
dirt and also aids circulation.
All animals should be tested for
tuberculosis at least once a year. This
is one of the most dangerous and de
structive diseases, especially to stock-
men engaged in either beef raising or
dairying. The test can be made quite
easily and at a reasonable cost. The
loss of one animal a year from this
trouble will more than offset the ex
pense involved in making the test. If
this disease once obtains a foothold in
the herd, it . is extremely difficult to
eradicate it, and if neglected will result
in a short time in the practical destruc
tion of the herd as a producing unit.
* * *
FOOD VALUE OF CERTAIN MA
TERIALS.
A correspondent Nvrites: I would like to
know the digestible nutrients in seven
pounds of cotton seed hulls, that is, the
total dry matter, carbohydrates and fat.
I would also like to have a balanced ration
for milk cows composed of food products
easily obtainable in southern Georgia.
Seven pounds of cotton seed hulls
would contain approximately 6.22
pounds of dry matter, .021 pounds of
protein, 2.22 pounds of carbohydrates,
and .119 pounds of fat. An excellent
ration for dairy cows may consist of
any of the following mixtures:
Three pounds of cotton seed meal,
three pounds of corn and cob meal,
eight pounds of pea vine ray, six
pounds of corn stover and forty pounds
of corn silage.
Three pounds of cotton seed meal,
eight pounds of rice bran, ten pounds
of molasses and fourteen of mixed
grass hay.
Four pounds of cotton seed meal,
one pound of rice bran, twenty pounds
of cotton seed hulls.
Two pounds of cotton seed meal,
seven pounds of corn and cob meal,
three pounds of dried brewers’ grains,
fifteen pounds of mixed grass hay.
These rations are intended for a
cow giving two to three gallons of
milk a day and weighing approximate
ly 1,000 pounds. As the animals in
crease or decrease in size, the ration
should be adjusted accordingly. The
foodstuffs suggested are among the
most easily obtained in the state of
Georgia. In feeding dairy cows, it is
very desirable that succulent feeds be
provided for the winter season. These
may be had by planting cereal crops
early in the fall to be grazed diiring
the winter or through the growing of
such crops as corn and sorghum to be
placed in the silo and preserved for
winter use.
* * *
GRAING HOGS ON MAST.
W. J. J., Americus, Ga., writes: 1 have
a large swamp pasture with lots of acorns
and nuts. Have Just bought several young
Berkshire sows, and will buy a pure-bred
Tam worth boar and cross them? Kindly ad
vise me if you think this will make a good
hog?
You can raise hogs to good advan
tage on the character of land men
tioned in your letter for the mast se
cured will prove very valuable as a
source of food. Naturally hogs which
live on acorns alone do not develop
a firm and desirable character of flesh,
but if they are penned and fed for
some time before slaughter or if they
are fed some corn right along, the
quality of the meat will be greatly im
proved, and the exercise entailed In
gathering a part of their food in the
open will insure their keeping in bet
ter health and growing more rapidly.
This is one of the best ways to keep
breeding animals in a healthy and vig
orous condition and thus make certain
of farrowing larger and stronger lit
ters.
It would hardly be good policy in
our judgment to cross the highgrade
Berkshire with a Tamworth boar, and
believe you will not gain any material
advantage by so doing. It is possi
ble. of course, that the cross breeds
might fatten a little more rapidly
and that you would get a little more
length and depth as the result of the
Tamworth cross but the Berkshire
makes a very good rustler, and we be
lieve the chances are that a uniform
bunch of hogs of a given strain will
gi\ you better results than the cross
breeds taking everything into consid
eration.
* * *
THE COTTON CROP OF 1911.
J. R. C., Eastman, Ga., writes: Can
you give me approximate number of bales
of cotton in 1911, with price and cost of
production? Also can you give me approxi
mate cost of poultry sold for market pur
poses, price brought, and the number con
sumed at home?
Georgia produced in 1911, 2,874,608
bales of cotton grown on 6,504,000 acres
of land. The value of the cotton crop
was estimated to be $154,330,000. Of
this amount $131,450,000 represented the
value of the lint, and $22,880,000 the
value of the seed. Of the total value of
the lint shown above, $6,090,000 repre
sented the value of the Sea Island or
long staple cotton produced.
On April 15, 1910, the poultry in Geor
gia was represented to be worth $2,088,-
663. I regret my inability to supply
you with the other information relative
t< the poultry business, but there do not
seem to be any statistics available along
this particular line, which is further ev
idence of the need of investigating the
subject of farm production more fully
than either the state or federal govern
ment has seemed to think worth while
up to the present time.
* * *
WANTS INFORMATION ABOUT
PERCHERONS.
J. W. S., Milledgevijle, Ga., writes: I
am interested in I’ercberon mares for farm
and generally utility work, and would like
to get your opinion on these horses for
this work. I noticed sdme very fine ani
mals of this breed on the educational train
two or three years ago. If, as claimed,
you can work them and raise a colt every
year or two, I think they would fill my re
quirements better than mules.
There is no reason why Percheron
mares of the type carried on the educa
tional train two years ago cannot be
utilized on Georgia plantations to tho
very best possible advantage. They
will do as much work as ordinary mules
and more than the lighter type employed
on many plantations and will raise a
colt each year as well. We have found
these mares invaluable for plowing and
pulling the heavier type of implements
which it is necessary for Georgia farm
ers to use now in order to cultivate the
land to the required depth, to expedite
farm operations and minimize the
amount of hand labor which it is
necessary to employ. In our experience
the mares have done as satisfactory
work as mules and have stood the hot
weather surprisingly well. It is best to
introduce them in the fall of the year or
the early winter, and of course, the first
year they should be treated with con
sideration and care until they become
thoroughly acclimated. It is also im
portant to remember that large heavy
animals of this type can not be whipped
or driven around indiscriminately by
careless and indifferent negroes with
out injury. These animals must also
be fed with care and skill because it is
a great strain to perform a large
amount of labor and nourish and de
velop a colt as well. If the owner of
the plantation understands anything
about the breeding, feeding and manage
ment of horses and will give his per
sonal supervision and attention to the,m,
they can certainly be utilized to excel
lent advantage on our farms and planta
tions. They adapt themselves well to
our climate, and are as prolific as any
breed of draft animals we might intro
duce. They have given us excellent sat
isfaction on the college farm, and we
hope this year to enlarge our breeding
operations.
• * *
AN APPRECIATIVE READER.
J. S. V., Fiber ton, Ga.. writes. I want
to congratulate you on the great work you
are doing in helping to presene the land
of our coufatry, and to make better farmers
of our farming people. I have a horse that
is lame in the left hind leg. He hops only
when coming out of the stable and after
pulling a load for an hour or two. He is
eight years old. I would like to know what
to do for him.
It is gratifying to know that you find
the columns of The Journal so helpful
and that you are interested in the work
which the College of Agriculture is en
deavoring to dp, and believe that the
efforts being made to epucate the farm
ers are bearing fruit in Georgia result
ing in the development of its agricul
ture along constructive lines and im
proving the conditions of its farmers.
Naturally this is possible, and just in
proportion as we are willing to put
moneyl into a scientific study of the
soil and the conservation of its ener
gies, we will make progress along hte
right direction.
Judging from the description contain
ed in your letter your horse is suffering
from a hurt or injury to the hock. The
chances are that the trouble is in the
nature of a spavin. Horses which are
spavined often have a peclliar gait, a
slight hitch in the affected leg and a
sudden dropping on the well one. This
lameness is most pronounced when the
horse first starts. After a while the
trouble seems to disappear as the ani
mal is said to warm up. In traveling
it will be observed that the horse often
steps on the toe with the result that
there is a wearing away of the shoe
very rapidly at the point of cotact with
the ground. It is very difficult to treat
trouble of this kind satisfactorily. The
best thing to do is to put on a high
heleed shoe and give the horse complete
rest for a considerable length of time.
Turning out to pasture will be excel
lent treatment Then fomentations of
hot water may be applied two or three
times daily. A red blister will often be
found very helpful. This should be used
about once a week for three or four
weeks. In bad cases about the only
treatment is to fire the spavin, but this
should only be undertaken by one who
has had experience in the treatment of
animals. In other words, you should
employ a competent veterinarian to do
the work.
* * *
THE GRAZING PROBLEM IN SOUTH
GEORGIA.
R. R. R., Quitman, Ga., writes: Can
you give me any information in regard
to paspalum dilatatum as a pasture grass
in the pine-woods section or coastal plains?
I would like to know something of its
habits, necessary cultivation and kind of
soil needed, and would it be a good grass
to grow in this section?
Paspalum dilatatum, known common
ly as hairy-flowered paspalum, is an
erect perennial two to four feet high.
It is found in various localities through
out the south, but principally along the
Mississippi river. It is frequently ob
served in the vicinity of Memphis about
July, and possibly has been spread
•through that section by t seed introduced
for cultivation. It is believed that this
grass was introduced into the United
States from South America, and it is
s # poken of in the highest terms by those
who have cultivated it. It affords excel
lent pasture and is particularly valu
able as yielding late summer and au
tumn feeding during which period it
makes its principal growth. As a rule,
the paspalums native to the United
►States grow best in moist ground.
About 160 species of this grass are
known and they are very widely dis
tributed, being abundant especially in
the tropical regions of America. There
are about forty species and varieties
In the United States, and they are chiefly
found in the southern districts. This
grass withstands dry weather to a re
markable extent .and should be seeded
on well-prepared lands at the rate of
about five pounds per acre. The seed
will cost about 35 cents a pound. It is
often best to sow this grass in a mix
ture, as it makes a very slow develop
ment for a year or two after it is seed
ed. We believe you will find this grass
well worth experimenting with in your
section of the state.
DRY FARMING; OR RAISING GOOD
CROPS WITH LITTLE MOISTURE
The most remarkable example on
record of successful dry-farming comes
from Lichtenburg, South Africa. Last
year 17 bushels of wheat per acre were
raised there on exactly one-half # of an
inch of rainfall between planting time
and harvest. This is an official record
certified by the department of agricul
ture of the Union of South Africa. The i
wheat was planted on July 2, and was
harvested on November 28, 1912. The
variety was Chernouska, a macaroni
wheat. Nearly as good results were
achieved with a Minnesota soft wheat
which yielded 16 and a fraction bushels
per acre under the same conditions. The
rainfall on the Lichtenburg farm in July
was one-tenth of an inch, in August and
September nothing, in October thirty-one
one-hundredths of an inch, in November
one-tenth of art inch.
In 1911, when drouth covered two-
thirds of the western half of America, J.
M. Bradshaw, of Peyton, Col., raised
2,000 bushels of wheat on 100 acres of
ground which received but four inches
of rain and snow fall from the time the
wheat was planted to the date it was
harvested. Results almost as good have
been achieved in Oklahoma and in the
Panhandle of Texas in a number of
seasons.
A comparison of these conditions) and
results, with the average conditions
prevailing in Oklahoma and Texas, as
well as in the central states will give
the farmer food for thought. No such
rainfall records as those quoted from
South Africa have ever been known in
Texas, yet the average wheat yield of
western Texas does not equal the result
achieved on the Lichtenburg farm under
one-half inch of rainfall.
This year the central states are blast
ed by drouth; oats have failed in Mis
souri; wheat and oats in many districts
of Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska have
been reduced one-third. Corn is almost
a total failure in Kansas and Oklahoma.
The total loss in these states through
lack of rainfall this season will run into
the hundreds of millions of dollars.
This condition is not new. It has
happened before. Government records
show that within the last fifteen years
but one growing season in the central
west has not suffered a drouth of at
least three weeks in length. The rec
ords also show that, in many of the
states mentioned, a drouth which con
tinues through three weeks will injure
the average crop, and that five weeks
without rainfall will cut the crop nearly
in half, if the drouth occurs at a critical
period of the growing season.
The average farmer blames Provi
dence for his loss. He ought to blame
himself for not knowing in these days
of enlightened agriculture, that especial
system of tillage may be practiced
which will store the rainfall of any
season for the use of crops in times of
drouth.
This system, commonly called “dry-
farming,” is being practiced today by
good farmers in every agricultural na
tion of the world. The Lichtenburg
man raised 17 bushels of wheat to the
acre by storing the rainfall of the pre
ceding winter for the use of crops in
summer. Mr. Bradshaw, of Colorado,
raised 20 bushels of wheat per acre by
storing the rainfall of the previous
year, and making it available when he
needed it. The same thing can be done
in every section of Texas and Oklahoma.
Dry-farming does not mean without
water. It does mean that farmers can
grow good crops with less water than
most people think is needed, and that
through proper tillage methods they can
reduce evaporation and can establish a
storage reservoir in the soil which will
hold the water until they are ready to
use it.
This year at Tulsa, Okla,, the farmers
of thirty nations will meet to talk
about these dry farming methods. The
eighth International Dry Farming con
gress will be held in Tulsa from Octo
ber 22 to November !. Official dele
gates will be present from forty states
of the union, from Argentine, Brazil,
Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Ura-
guay and Venezuela in South America;
from Mexico and Canada in North
America; from Austria, Belgium,
France, Great Britain, Germany, Hun
gary, Holland, Russia and Spain in Eu
rope; from the Transvaal and Egypt in
Africa; from Palestine, Persia and Chi
na in ’Asia, and from Australia and
New Zealand in the South Seas.
These official government delegates,
together with tens of thousands of real
farmers from all parts of the west, will
meet in Tulsa for the one purpose of
planning how to raise good crops in
regions of occasional drouth or of
small rainfall. The eighth congress
is expected to be the most largely at
tended gathering ever held between
Kansas City and Dallas.
An exposition of dry farmed crops
will be held in connection with the con
gress. More than 100,000 square feet
of floor space has been prepared in
twelve great buildings for exhibits
from eighteen American states; from
four western provinces of Canada, and
frqm a dozen foreign countries. Chi
na will compete with Oklahoma and
Texas on the same crops, for the Chi
na exhibit will consts of corn, cotton,
milo maize, Kaffir, wheat, rye, barley,
millet and kaoliang. Wheat from Rus
sia, Argentina and Australia will com
pete with wheat from Colorado and
Kansas. Oats from Saskatchewan,
Minnesota and Oregon will contest for
world supremacy with oats from Kan
sas, Oklahoma and Texas. Every crop
grown in the semi-arid districts of the
wo.ld will be shown in open competi
tion for the most valuable list of
prizes ever offered at any agricultural
fair or exposition. These prizes range
in value up to $1,250 each for single
crop exhibits.
Eighty acres have been set aside for
machinery exhibits and demonstrations.
Every farming machine suitable for
use in the south and southwest will be
shown in actual operation just as on the
farm and in the hands of the farmer
himself. This feature of the exposition
is expected to be the most complete
farm machine show and tillage and pow
er demonstration ever held in the south
west.
The exposition will last through elev
en days. The sessions of the Interna
tional Dry-Farming congress will con
tinue five days, beginning October 27.
The International congress is today a
world-wide organization. It has officers
in nineteen nations of the world and
members in sixty nations. The congress
itself is purely and solely educational.
It is non-political and non-partisan.. It
is not an agricultural college, neither
does it conduct experiment or demon
stration farms. It merely gathers from
all available sources information con
cerning modern methods of agriculture
as they apply to districts of small rain
fall or of occasional drouth, and then
spread this information among interest
ed farmers in all countries.
Its annual conventions and expositions
are held for the sole purpose of teach
ing the farmers of the world how to in
crease their yields per acre, the quality
of their crops and their bank accounts,
by following the new methods of soil
tillage which are revolutionizing agri
culture everywhere. No farmer in
Texas who is anxious to improve his
knowledge and to better the condition
of his pocketbook should miss this great
farm meeting in Tulsa.—Farm and
Ranch. •
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vacuum ventilators. Order now and save the re
tailer’s big proflt-or write today for free catalogue.
AMERICAN FEATHER 4PILLOW CO. Dept. R»
Agents Wanted Reference Broadway N at’l Bank
Only 144 Trespasses
On Uncle Sam’s Grass
During Year of 1913
WASHINGTON, Sept 18—Uncle
Sam’s “keep off the grass warning”
was violated only 144 times in the past
fiscal year, even though the warning
covered a territory of more than 138,'
000,000 acres of national forest. In
announcing the record, the forest service
officials expressed their satisfaction at
the showing, awarding much credit to
the stock raisers in the neighborhood of
the forests for their co-operation in en
forcing the law.
“Of the total number of cases of graz
ing trespass, twenty were dismissed for
lack of evidence. A majority of the oth
ers already have been prosecuted and
fines and punishment inflicted. During
the year more than twenty million head
of stock grazed under permits on the
national preserve and thirty-two thou
sand permits were issued.”
HUMBLE BANANA TOTEM
F ° R SOUTH AMERICA
Director Barrett Praises Fruit,
It Will Now Succeed the
Dove of Peace
WASHINGTON, Sept 18.—Shooing
the dove of peace from off its perch,
John Barrett, director general of the
Pan-American union, today installed
thbe naana as the emblem of internation
al tranquility at least so far as Latin-
America is concerned. In a letter ad
dressed to the senate and house con
ferees on the tariff bill, protesting
against the proposed duty on the fruit,
he portrayed the humble banana as a
powerful civilizing influence.
“Only a person like myself,” Mr.
Barrett sets forth, “who has been in
timately associated with the recent
history and development of Latin-Amer
ican countries, and especially those bor
dering on the Caribbean sea and Gulf of
Mexico, appreciates the mighty change
that has been brought in the political,
economic, agricultural and social condi
tions of those countries by the growth
of the banana industry.
“The building up of the banana busi
ness has done more than any other in
dividual influence, material or political,
tQ bring about conditions of prosperity
sanitation, health and peace in those
low-lying coast lines of the Caribbean
and Gulf of Mexico, which, previous to
the banana era, were largely given up
to wild jungles, malaria, shiftless peo
ples and haunts of incipient revolu
tions.”
The dove of peace, it was said by one
of the conferees after he had read Mr.
Barrett’s appeal, hereafter should carry
a banana in its beak instead of the use
less, if ornamental, twig of myrtle. Es
pecially was this change appropriate in
the members’s opinion since Mr. Barrett
declared that the banana “will do more
to advance prosperity and preserve peace
in the states where it is grown than any
other agricultural or commercial influ
ence.” •
SCIENTISTS PLUMB
DEPTHS OF VESUVIUS
Party Descends 1,200 Feet
Into Bowels of Volcano, a
Record Descent
NAPLES, Sept. 18.—Depth of 1,200 feet
was reached by Professor Malledra and
his two companions in their recent descent
of the crater of Vesuvius. This constitutes
a record for such an enterprise, it is
said. The party spent an hour in making
scientific experiments on the brink of the
great funnel at the bottom of the crater,
which they were able to sound to a depth
of 200 feet.
The unnel, which is 500 feet in diameter,
was created by the sudden subsidence of
the old crater floor last month. The ex
plorers found the inside of the funnel to
be an enormous fiery cavern. They lost
their thermometers, the steel ropes on
which they were suspended becoming
fused by the acids and terrific heat. How
ever, they had obtained a recognized
temperature of 626 degrees fahrenheit be
fore the mishap occurred.
BARGAINS!
$10 Money Order brings
you one first class 36-lb
Feather Bed; 1 set 3-lb.
Pillows-rone ($2.25) Coun
terpane; one (36x72) Rug
$1.60; one Initial Handker
chief; one Pack Post Cards,
all for only $10 to introduce
ir.y feather beds. As to
quality I challenge com
parison* Only one lot to
each family. Agents want
ed. Address L. J. Turner,
Box 48, Grover N. C.
P. S.—Every person answering this with Money
Order for bed, etc,, will receive extra one pair of
dollar Pillow Shams FREE with *11 the above.
CARPENTER KILLED BY
SPEEDING FIRE TRUCK
SAVANNAH, Ga., Sept. 18.—The
funeral of Miles P. Overcash, a car
penter who was killed yesterday after
noon about 5 o’clock when he was run
over by an auto fire engine, will take
place this afternoon from the late res
idence of the deceased. The driver of
the truck was arrested and held for a
time. It is believed he will be exoner
ated whep the preliminary investigation
is made. Tho coroner will hold an in
quest todays
The United States Department o Agri
culture issued on March 26, Bulletin No.
92, entitled “Wells and Subsoil Water,”
by W. J. McGee, expert in charge of
subsoil investigations.
This bulletin is of great importance
to every citizen because, as it states
in its opening paragraph, the habit
ability of any continent depends on
its water supply—no water, no plants;
no plants, no people.
The bulletin is an exhaustive treatise
of 185 pages and the data therein cov
ering 31 typical states, shows that
the subsoil water level is lowering
at the rate of 1,422 feet per decade, as
determined by the height of water in
the wells.
The author concludes from 1 the sta
tistics and observations that the chief
causes of this lowering of water level
are; (1) Clearing the land of forests.
(2) Heavy consumption of water by
manufacturing plants, artesian wells
and by the increasing population. (3)
Improper methods of farming where
by the rainfall is not conserved in the
subsoil.
In suggesting a remedy for this
threatened water famine and increas
ing tendency towards protracted
droughts, the author observes that the
first cause cannot be corrected ex
cept in a small way by forestry; that
the second cause cannot well be cor
rected because of the needs of the
population and that therefore the ob
vious remedy consists in improved
methods of soil cultivation that will
prevent the surface run-off of rain
fall.
The means suggested to prevent
such surface rhn-off is to adopt meas
ures whereby each farm shall be
“made to take care of all the water
falling on it during the entire year;
and all that part of the water not
needed for immediate crop growth or
cistern or other supply, should be so
caught and absorbed by mulch or well-
tilled soil or contour furrows and
ridges, as to pass into the ground,
there to be stored against need for
the steady supply of streams through
seepage and for the gradual restora
tion of the sadly depleted reservoir
of subsoil water.”
Progressive farmers everywhere are
alive to the advantages of growing
plants on an absorptive soil, as it
tends to prevent wet weather satura
tion of the top soil, or dry weather
drougth.
Until recently, deep plowing with a
subsoil plow or other deep tillage ma
chinery was apparently the only means
of increasing the absorptive power of
the soil, but the plowing of soil to
a depth of from 12 to 18 inches is
accomplished only with great difficulty
and considerable expense. Within the
last two years, however, the general
introduction of dynamite in agricul
ture has demonstrated that the best
means of increasing water storage ca
pacity of the subsoil is by blasting it.
Blasts of a half-cartridge or a quar
ter-pound of low grade dynamite
placed in bore holes to a depth of
about three feet will break up the
most impervious subsoil in a spongy
mass. In fact, English agriculturists
describe this work as the establishment
of “soil sponges.”
In ordinary subsoil, where the
charges are placed at a distance of 15
feet* apart, these “soil sponges” over
lap as the explos' re has an average
radius of efficiency of 10 feet. Thus
the whole area blasted becomes an
enormous earth sponge six to eight
feet deep and the water .'storing ca
pacity of an acre of land so treated
is increased by many tons. This does
not create a mucky condition of the
land. On the contrary, it produces a
condition most favorable to plant
growth.
When heavy rainfalls occur the
water, instead of washing off the val
uable surface soil into streams, clog
ging them and making navigation
more difficult, sinks into the ground
and remains in storage until the dry
weather exhausts the moisture in the
top soil. The stored water then be
gins to rise by capillarity, carrying the
plant through the protracted drouths
that are now causing millions of dol
lars’ loss every year In this country.
Further, this subsoil blasting makes
available for solution in the constant
ly moving soil water, tons of natural
plant food, otherwise unavailable, be
cause not in solution. This is no
longer a theory, bat an established
fact as shown by largely increased,
crops where subsoil blasting has been
properly done. The chief precaution
to be observed is that the blasting be
done when the subsoil is dry, because
then the shattering or sponge creating
effect of the blast is greatest, whereas
in wet subsoil the blast tends to form
a small pot hole packed tight around
its periphery.
It is worthy of note in this connec-
tio nthat the chief cause of the dis
astrous floods that have recently oc
curred in this country, is the lack of
absorptive power of the soil and the
denudation of the land by clearing.
As the majority of farm soils that have
not been opened by blasting or
subsoil plowing will absorb only a
small portion of the rainfall, it is ob
vious ’ that there is an> excess run-off
of surface water which has no outlet
excepting the small streams and they
in turn empty into the large rivers
and cause, in a few days’ time, a rush
of water which the largest river chan
nel is incapable of handling.
If subsoiling with dynamite were
practiced generally through the
country, it is not too much to expect
that these disastrous floods would be
a thing of the past.
Output of Gold in
U. S. on Decrease
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, Sept. 18.—Produc
tion of gold in the United State# dur
ing 1912 amounted to $93,451,500, a de
crease of $3,438,500 compared with the
previous year, and the lowest American
production since 1907.
The output of silver wa# 63,766,800
fine ounces, valued at $39,197,500, an
increase of 3,367,400 ounces over 1911.
The figures were made public today
in a joint statement by the mint bu
reau and the geological survey. The
decrease was caused because Nevada’#
output lost $4,621,2000 as compared
with 1911.
George E. Roberts, director of the
mint, said today that while the output
of gold had decreased in the United
States and Australia there was suffi
cient in South Africa to make the
world’s production of gold for 1912
greater than in 1911.
$100,000 Fire
LEXINGTON, Ky„ Sept. 17.—The
club house at Castleton stock farm, auto
garages, stable and ioe plant were de
stroyed by fire this morning; with a loss
ol $100,000. David M. Look, well known
trotting horse owner, Is th eproprletor
of Castleton.
THE AMERICAN PEA SEPARATOR
Threshes vfnes and all. Don't pick
peas the old way, it’s too slow, but cut
the vines and thresh them in the No.
14 American Bean and Pea Separator.
It cleans the peas an,d shreds the vines.
Special price $100, delivered at your
depot. Write for particulars to
Woodruff Machinery Mfg. Co.
Winder, Georgia
A BIG MINE
WILL PAY
. BIG PROFITS
Money deposited In your
bank to your credit that you
will receive profits of not less
than
10 Per Cent
15 Par Cent
First Year
Seoond Year
With every proof 6f rapidly increas
ing dividends for years to come.
It is a developed mine, with proven
ore declared sufficient to run the mill
for yeais and years, and worth $10,000,-
000 to $20,000,000.
The section has produced some $300,-
000,000 of GOLD, and this 1# declared
the RICHEST MINE In it.
Write at once for particulars, as I
have only a few thousand shares to sell.
Easy terms granted. Hlgheat endorse
ments given. *
E. L. MARTIN, Box 124, o&re Jour.
I naJ, Atlanta, Ga. ■
YOUR FALL SUIT
FREE
Made to Your Mmamurm
$30 to $40 would not buy a
better one, but you get it for
nothing. Not a cent to pay.
Simply wear it, tell your friend*
where you got it and make
*10 to *15 a Day
taking their orders. It is dead easy.
You never saw a nobbier suit or s
more stunning pattern, cut in strictly
advance style (8 months ahead of th*
times). Your choice of 60 patterns to
choose from. Drop us a postal card
for heavy pattern book, inside infor
mation about styles, self-measuring,
blanks, etc., etc. Don't watt. Every
thing free —we pay expressage.
Band Tailored
Classy Lining*
Millionaire Trimmings
Swell Cnt
ahead of tho other fellows—write t
very minute. A postal will do It.
AMERICAN WOOLEN MILLS GO.
D.pl90S„ CHICAGO
rnpp TDIAI this 3 * Sheffield
I HEX I VYRRL STEEL RAZOR
25
FOR
THIS $ 1.00 STROP
OUR RAZOR FIRST
We want you to use this “DIXIE” Razor 10 days at our expense. More than 80,000
barbers and users proclaiming it the greatest Razor Value ever placed on the market. A gen
uine Sheffield Steel Razor extra hollow ground and tempered by our NEW SECRET
ELECTRICAL PROCESS, giving the keenest and smoothest shaving edge known. Guaranteed
for 25 years, by a company with an authorized capital of half-a-million dollars.
$1.00 STROP FREE. Specially prepared from fine-grained Horsebide; double leather;
swivel hook; leather handles securely fastened. 23 Inches long by 2 inches wide. Retail
value $1.00. Given ab
solutely free for prompt
payment of Razor.
The best proof of the
value of this Razor is to
try it on your own beard;
mail the coupon today.
Dixie Mfg. Co.
Union City, Ga.
DIXIE MFG. CO., Union City, Ga.
Send me your “DIXIE” Razor on consignment for 10 days'
free trial. If satisfactory, will send your Special Wholesale
Factory Price of $1.45 in 10 days, and you are tljen to send
the $1.00 Strop FREE. If not satisfactory, will return
Razor at end of 10 days’ trial.
Name
P. O
r. Rt. ...
-Box State
Tailoring Salesmen WANTED
gtf _ We want live, energetic hustlers, men who can make good; who are ambitious to start
P in abusineas of their own. No canvassing; no experience required; no capital necessary.
We furnish everything to start. Hundreds are making from glOO to $200 per **-
and cxi ensee. We guarantee absolute satisfaction and take all the risk. We
are one of the largest woolen mills in the country and positively have the only kipMRn
up-to-date, high-quality, low-priced tailoring on the market.
$25 to $50 Every Week
momm mmmm arwiram mommmmnmmSm ■■—■ ■■ n
We furnish a complete agents' outfit, consisting of large sample book (not
a folder), order blanks, tape measures, advertising matter—in fact every
thing essential to the conducting of a high-class tailoring business.
Write today for this big outfit MSgS
Wa will start you at once on the road to Success. Be sure and write today.
DANIEL WOOLEN MILLS, Dipt G, 300 Green St, Chicago