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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA.. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1913.
AGRICULTORAL
£?.-■ Education
Successful Farmingt
'^Andrewj\ Soule
This department icilt cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information.
Letters should he addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State
Agricultural College, Athens, Oa.
PROGRESSIVE COMMUNITY
BEGIN NOW TO DESTROY DISEASES
IN YOUR NEXT YEAR’S POTATO CROP
I T was the writer’^ privilege to visit
Baxley in Appling county for the
.purpose of attending the school
fair held there on October 17 and IS.
The results of the work being accom
plished in that county were so impres
sive and the spirit of progress observed
so inspiring that some reference to
what has been done and what it is
hoped to accomplish in the near future
may not come amiss at this time.
Appling county lies in southeast
Georgia and the land in the vicinity of
Baxley is, relatively speaking, low, so
that at certain seasons of the year it
is difficult to dispose of the surplus
water satisfactorily. Naturally, this
makes it difficult to carry on agriculture
to the best advantage. But instead of
being discouraged by these conditions
joined together with the federal gov
ernment in a co-operative plan to drain
between fifty and sixty thousand acres
of land iii the vicinity of Baxley. When
this is done a substantial and perma
nent developement will have been made
which will add to the general wealth,
not only of the town, but of the sur
rounding country as well. The soils
in so far as the writer could observe
are mostly of the Norfolk and Ports
mouth type, and therefore, well adapt
ed for the production of truck and long
staple cotton. Most of these soils are
underlaid by land of a more or less
clayey character, and thus they can be
made through systematic rotations re
tentive of plant food and well adapted
, for mixed farming. The fact that they
contain such a large percentage of sand,
especially on top, makes them early,
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Sour, gussy, upset stomach, indiges
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If your stomach is in a continuous
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-*-=-eat without fear. It’s because Pape’s
Diapepsin “really does” regulate weak,
out-of-order stomachs that gives it its
millions of sales annually.
Get a large fifty-cent case of Pape’s
Diapepsin from any drug store. It is
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FAIR VIEW FARM
PALME TO, GA.
11 I
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and this will be an advantage provided
it becomes necessary to grow short sta
ple cotton in this area, or to hasten the
maturity of such strains of cotton of
the long staple type as it may seem
desirable to grow there.
The drainage of these soils means that
they will become more productive than
ever before and that the maturity of
the crops on them may be hastened
without impairment of the yield. It
seems unnecessary to emphasize the
fine spirit of progress which has been
shown with regard to this matter, for
Baxley ife a small town and it was a
tax on the patriotism of its citizens
to raise the funds necessary to have
the preliminary surveys made relative
to the establishment of drainage ditches
for as large an area as sixty thousand
acres.
There are many other localities in
different parts of the state where drain
age problems are holding back the ag-
I ricultural development. Surely ’'the ex
ample of this enterprising city and
county can be followed elsewhere to
good advantage.
One of the evidences of progress seen
in this county is the splendid school
building presided over by Prof. Moon,
one of the members of the state board
of education. The heart and soul of
any successful town must be grouped
around its educational facilities and in
building a splendid structure for the
training of the boys and girls the com
munity has erected a monument of
which it may well feel proud.
That the future of this community
has been carefully considered by the
adult population is best illustrated by
the interest taken in the school fair,
There were displayed something over
100 samples -of corn grown by members
of the Appling County Boy’s Corn club.
This is a comparatively new organiza
tion in the county and is promoted
co-operatively by the State College of
Agriculture, the bureau of plant indus
try of the United States department of
agriculture, the board of trade and the
board of education, and the leading citi
zens of the county. Each one of these
exhibits of corn contained ten ears. For
the most part prolific strains are
grown, it being generally held that
they gave the best results on the soils
prevailing in that section of the state.
The best yield was something like
ninety-six bushels per acre, which is
certainly a creditable record when one
considers the newness of the work and
the many who doubt the possibilities of
growing over twenty-five to forty bush
els of corn per acre. The average yield
of corn in Georgia, as all know, is
between twelve and fourteen bushels.
Possibly the yield this year may be
a little above these figures. Statistics
are not yet at hand to determine just
what the average yield will be for 1913,
but in any event the young man in ques
tion produced about seven times the
average yield of the state. In other
words, by following the instructions
furnished him through the agencies co
operating, he secured from one acre
seven times as much corn as has ordi
narily been grown, and moreover, dem
onstrated that in the neighborhood of
100 bushels per acre can be grown on
the soils of southeast Georgia.
Another interesting feature of this
exhibit was the large number of boys
who secured yields of between fifty
and sixty bushels per acre, or from
three to four times the average yield
of the state. '
Best of all was the enthusiasm dis
played by the parents, the fathers and
mothers being present in large num
bers to see what the boys had done and
to learn how these results had been
accomplished. *
The success of the Corn club move
ment is due in considerable measure to
the splendid backing it has received
from the Baxley News-Leader, and its
enterprising editors and owners. These
men stand for progress and the spirit
which they have engendered into the
community was reflected in the corn
and canning club exhibits.
The personal friend and adviser of
the boys must not be overlooked, for Mr.
Roy Rogers, the demonstration agent of
this county, has certainly been faithful
and zealous in his work and he has ac
complished results of which he may well
feel proud. The canning club was only
started in the county the past year, yet.
there were some very creditable exhib
its indeed, and it is safe to say that
next year the girls will have an exhibit
equally as impressive as that displayed
by the boys.
In this connection it is proper to re
member that work for adult farmers is
also being carried on. A good many
demonstrators are following the advice
and directions given them by Mr. Rog
ers and the level of production is being
steadily raised. No wonder the wont
has succeeded so well for practically
every person in town was wearing a
large tag setting forth the advantages
and virtues of the boys’ corn clubs, the
Tirls’ canfting clubs and the demonstra
tion work in general and urging every
one in the community to contribute a
dollar to the. work. What is a dollai
after all? A very' small sum indeed.
Yet the contribution of these individual
dollars has been largely responsible for
the maintenance and extension of the
different lines of work indicated in this
article and that, the results will con
tinue to be beneficial to the county needs
no special emphasis.
i wa:i the writer’s privilege to speak
I to t he people of the county at thq, court
j house. The large and spacious court
! room was filled to its utmost capacity.
• The fathers and mothers of the boys and
j girls were there in full force, not only
i to enjoy the honors won by their chil-
i dren but to profit by what might ne
said on such an occasion. The attention
und interest displayed showed that in
this community education along agricul
tural lines is highly prized and that the
principles enunciated will be used for
the further uplift and advance of the
c ounty’s primary industry. The people
in this section of Georgia have learned
one of the great and most important of
economic principles, namely, that a lo
cality is blessed in proportion as it
shows enterprise and is willing to bear
the cost of introducing new principles
of practice xor the inspiration, guidance
and permanent development of a strong
agricultural community.
BY RALPH SMITH.
WASHINGTON, D. C., Oct. 25.—The
department of agriculture desires to call
the attention of all sweet potato grow
ers to the fact that now, while the har
vesting of sweet potatoes is in, progress,
is the time to select disease-free seed
for next year’s crop, in order to pre
vent losses due to diseases.
The plant pathologists of this depart
ment estimate that the yield of sweet
potatoes is reduced approximately $10,-
000,000 annually by the ravages of sev
eral diseases, notably the black-rot,
stem-rot and foot-rot, all of which may
be prevented by the use of proper pre
cautionary measures. In spite of this
large loss of money, the crop of 1913
will probably amount to nearly 65,000,-
000 bushels with a value of $40,000,000.
Two of these diseases, the black-rot and
stem-rot, are well known to most far
mers who grow sweet potatoes.
Black-rot is nearly as widely distrib
uted as the crop itself. It affects the
plant from a little above the soil line
down into .the ground, causing a black,
rotted appearance of the affected part
of the stem. In the winter it is com
mon in many storage houses and is
readily recognized by the black, circul-
lar, somewhat sunken spots, which ren
der the potatoes unsalable.
Stem-rot, although not quite so wide
ly distributed, is equally as destruc
tive. It is caused by an organism which
enters the vines, stems and roots of the
plant and fills the water-carrying ves
sels. It enters the potato at the stem
end, where it appears as a blackened
ring just beneath the skin. In fields
where this disease occurs, plants can
be seen throughout the summer wilting,
turning yellow, and gradually dying.
Foot-rot, another disease, less widely
distributed but bad in the localities
where found, kills many plants in the
fields by destroying the bark on the
stem a few inches above the hill.
These diseases are found both in the
hotbed and in the field and may be car
ried through the winter on the seed
potatoes and in the soil. Infection may
therefore result from the use of diseased
potatoes for seed or from the use of
infected soil in the hotbed or field where
the slips are grown and transplanted.
With these facts in mind it is clear
that a clean crop could be grown if
disease-free seed is used and bedded in
disease-free soil and the slips coming
therefrom planted on ground where the
disease is not present. These three re
quirements can be fulfilled by selection
of seed, by disinfection of soil in the
hotbed, and by crop rotation.
Seed potatoes for the new crop should
be selected preferably in the fall at dig
ging time and carefully examined again
in the spring when starting the hotbed
and all discarded that show any symp
toms of disease. Before any seed pota
toes are selected from a hill, the stem
just above the potatoes should be split
open to see that it is not blackened in
side. No potato should be taken for
seed from a hill which has the stem
blackened inside. The seed potatoes
should be stored in crates or baskets
and kept separate from the general
stock. Seed potatoes should be disin
fected with a corrosive sublimate solu
tion, 1 part of corrosive sublimate to
1,000 parts of water, for about 5 to 20
minutes. They should then be rinsed
in water and thoroughly dried. It is
preferable to disinfect in the fall on a
warm, clear day.
With clean seed potatoes it is essen
tial that the hotbed be free from para
sitic organisms. Great care should
therefore be exercised in its preparation.
Before the soil is put into the bed, the
cement, boards, or whatever is used in
the construction, should be thoroughly
sprayed with a solution of 5 pounds of
copper sulphate to 50 gallons of water
and then with Bordeaux mixture or
whitewash. In some localities where
these diseases are very prevalent it is
almost impossible to find soil that is not
infected. Fields which had not been
grown to sweet potatoes for nearly 40
years have given an infected crop when
clean slips were used. Where such
a general infection has occurred,
the soil is light annd it is probable
that the organisms were disturbed by
the wind. In view of these facts it is
advisable to disinfect all hotbed soil.
This can be done by treating it with a
solution of formaldehyde, i pint of for
maldehyde (40 per cent) to 24 gallons
of water. This chemical is cheap and
can be purchased at almost any drug
store. When the soil is to be thus
treated it should be placed in a tight
box or other receptacle and enough of
the solution added to soak it thorough
ly. The application should be made at
least two weeks before the soil is to be
used, in order to allow the formalde
hyde to evaporate. An occasional stir
ring of the soil will assist in the escape
of the gas. Disinfected soil should be
carefully protected to prevent infection
before it is used. All instruments used
in handling sterilized soil, such as the
wagon box, shovel, etc., should be dis
infected.
It is believed by some farmers that
better and stronger plants can be se
cured by using manure as a source of
heat in the hotbed. Others insist that
equally good, if not better, plants can
be grown in a fire bed. From the stand
point of disease there is far greater
danger in the use of manure, especially
if it is produced on farms where sweet
potatoes are grown. It frequently hap
pens that farmers are careless about
the disposition of decayed sweet pota
toes and feed them to hogs or chickens
or, more often, throw them on the
manure pile. From there they are car
ried to the hotbed and infection of the
young plants becomes easy. It is urged
that all refuse sweet potatoes be cooked
or burned, and not thrown where they
will be scattered in the manure and
hauled on the farm or used in the hot
bed.
It is not known how long these dis
eases will remain in the soil without
the sweet potato as a host. It is ad
visable, however, to follow a system of
crop rotation that will not bring this
crop on the same ground oftener than
once in three or four years. It is cer
tain that the crop will not be free from
disease so long as the organisms are
present in the fields. The only way to
get them out of the field is to starve
them out by planting crops on which
they can not live. Experiments, how
ever, have shown that the percentage
of diseased plants is muen reduced by
planting healthy slips, although the soil
may be infected. This fact alone jus
tifies all the precautions necessary to
grow healthy slips, even though the
soil on which they are planted is dis
eased.
world, provided the sample has been
properly harvested, ginned and prepared
for exhibition purposes. The rules and
regulations governing this contest are
quite simple, but space forbids their
complete reproduction in these columns.
All parties who are interested in this
matter can secure full printed informa
tion and instructions concerning this
contest for the preparation and forward
ing of all samples on application to Mr.
J. S. Carroll, 1212 Empire building, At
lanta, Ga. I hope that Georgia growers
will be well represented in this contest
and that the awards in question may
fall to our producers of cotton of supe
rior staple and quality. I believe the
bringing of these trophies to Georgia
would advertise the state advantageous- 4
Jy and certainly it would be of material
interest to the winner.
* * •
Mr. W. E. V., Dunbar. Ga., writes:
Which will pay me best, fertilize my grain
with 8-2-4 guano before planting or broad
cast over grain after Christmas, or use
about 15 bushels of cotton seed before
breaking the land? Would you give a dif
ferent formula to the one mentioned above?
APPLYING FERTILIZER TO GRAIN
CROPS.
We should be inclined to use an 8-2-4
formula in preference to the cotton seed
on winter cereals and we would advise
incorporating the fertilizer with the
crop at the time of planting. We think
this would give you better results than
broadcasting the fertilizer after Christ-
gen derived from organic matter, so
that it will not become too quickly
available. The formula we have sug
gested has proven quite valuable on
oats and other winter cereals in tests
we have made here at the college. We
would not use as much potash, however,
unless your land is quite sandy. The
winter grown cereals are not as ex
haustive to the food supply of the soil
as such crops as corn or cotton. We
think the use of two to four hundred
pounds per acre of the above formula
should give you a profitable return on
land which has been properly pre
pared.
• * *
GRAIN RATIONS FOR GROWING
PIGS.
S. H., Moultrie, Ga., writes: I would
like to know how much and what kind of
grain to feed to growing plga and brood
sows when pasturing on rape, oats, rye,
crimson clover, etc. What about cotton
seed meal and tankage for hogs? Do you
think It would be advisable to feed dry pea
nuts to hogs when on legume pasture?
Would it be profitable to feed sweet pota
toes to hogs when pasturing on rape or
oats and vetch when the potatoes are worth
from forty to fifty cents a bushel?
r • Don t ship a single fur to anyone
until you get our price list. It will prove
that we pay highest prices for furs of
- J any concern in Amer:ca.
*» Ws Charge No Commission
U. Send US a tnsl shipment. Our higher dB/W* , j*
r, prices prove that it will pay you big jC >'_^A , 3
^ fend ns all your furs. Send '
for FREE i >riceli8ttoday.
HII^L BROS. FUR CO.W* **
1311 N.Maia8t.8t.Lottia,MoAi
ATTENTION GEORGIA FARMERS.
Two silver trophies will be awarded
by the Kalisyndikat G. m. b. H., Berlin.
Germany, at the first international cot
ton exposition to b e held in London,
June 24-Julv 9, 1914. This contest is
open to all cotton growers throughout
the world. The editor of these columns
would like very much to see one or both
of these trophies brought to Georgia, be
lieving that there is plenty of cotton
produced in this which will tako pre
cedence over that grown elsewhere in the
According to our observation and ex
perience, hogs pasturing on grazing
crops will not^require more than one-
third to one-half of the grain ration
fed to animals confined in pens. Of
course, the amount of grain necessary
to feed will depend on the character of
pasturage afforded. Where one has
legumes or cereals containing a consid
erable amount of grain, the hogs will
need less supplemental concentrates
than would otherwise bo the case. For
instance,' if soy beans are in the dough
stage and ripening fast, the hogs will
need practically no grain, probably a
pound or two of corn a day In the ear
being all that is needed for young and
growing hogs or for sows not suckling
young. If the hogs are grazed during
the winter, say on rye and other sim
ilar crops, some grain will be essential.
It has been shown by quite extensive
and conclusive tests, for instance, that
alfalfa, red clover, etc., will little more
than maintain hogs. Such crops as pea
nuts, cowpeas, soy beans, oats and other
cereals during the ripening period will
provide more than a maintenance ra
tion. Rape has proven an excellent
grazing crop. In a number of trials
nearly equal results have been obtained
from alfalfa. Cowpeas have given ex
cellent results also. Where hogs were
fed corn alone in a dry lot. for instance,
it took 586 pounds to make a pound of
gain. Where cowpea pasture and corn
were used, only 307 pounds of grain to
make a pound of gain. Soy beans have
also given excellent results, even better
than those obtained from feeding cow
peas. Rape and red clover pasture have
proven about equal. A variety of crops
used in the south have given good re
sults. In trials, for instance, at the
Arkansas station, it was found that a
group of hogs grazed on .25 acre each
gain of 800 pounds per acre from these
of clover and sorghum and .6 acre of
peanuts, or 1.1 acres in all, made a
crops. The hogs were fed corn and
bran, chiefly the former, however. Where
middlings and corn were fed in opposi
tion to green alfalfa and corn meal,
clover and corn meal and blue grass
and corn meal, the results were practi
cally the same as to the amount of
grain per day. However, there was a
less consumption of grain per hundred
of gain where alfalfa and corn meal
and clover and corn meal were used.
We would expect about the same re
sults from cowpeas and soy beans In our
judgment as would be obtained from
alfalfa as a graing crop for hogs.
Only a very limited quantity of cotton
seed meal can be fed with safety to
hogs. It should then only be fed when
they are on grazing crops for limited
periods, say sixty or ninety days at a
time. It may constitute as much as one-
fifth of the ration of corn or corn and
middlings, and should be fed after it is
mixed with other grains, moistened with
water and left to ferment for 24 to 72
hours, depending on the season of the
year and the temperature. Digester
tankage and blood meal have been used
by* us with considerable success. Where
corn alone is fed it is well to add five
to seven pounds of blood meal or tank
age to each 100 pounds of corn. Feed dry
or if milk is available as a thin slop. If
we were feeding fifty-pound pigs on
grazing crops other than legumes, we
would expect to feed them about two
pounds of corn per head per day. For
brood sows this should probably be in
creased to four to eight pounds depend
ing on the number of pigs they are suck
ling and the character of crops they are
feeding on. For brood sows we would
prefer to grind the grain and feet it in
a thin slop. Mix with skim milk when
ever practicable; otherwise water must
be made to do. The strain on the sow
at this period is extremely great, and
she must be nourished if the pigs are to
grow rapidly and uniformly.
There is no reason why dry peanuts
should not be fed to hogs in moderate
quantity, but we do not think It is nec
essary to feed them when they are on
legume pasture. In other words, we think
corn or corn and shorts would be pref
erable under such conditions. There is
no reason why hogs pasturing on rape,
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||
oats or vetch and fed a small amount
of grain should not grow into hardy,
vigorous breeding stock. We know this
can be done from our own experience.
Sweet potatoes are not very satisfac
tory for hogs as they are too watery. In
trials made they have not shown up par
ticularly well. In other words, they seem
to have a better value for sale than for
use as a part of a ration for hogs.
* * a
INOCULATING CLOVERS IN GEOR
GIA. v
Mr. J. M. B., Columbus, Ga., writes:
Please send me information about Burr
clover and Crimson clover. Would the In
oculating bacteria for Crimson xilover be
suitable for burr clover? Or would the
inoculating for alfalfa suit it? I am ex
pecting to sow some vetch with oats and
propose to put down three or four hundred
pounds of commercial fertilizer with it. I
am told the fertilizer will kill niy Inocula
tion, is it tree?
The bacteria from crimson clover will
not inoculate burr clover as we under
stand it. The bacteria from alfalfa,
however, wil inoculate burr clover. If
you have inoculating material for alfal
fa at hand or can secure it you can
effect the inoculation on burr clover
satisfactorily. There is no reason why
the fertilizer should kill the inoculat
ing material unless you mix the seed
and fertilizer material together. We
have grown vetch, crimson clover and
alfalfa and other legumes successfully
on heavily fertilized land. Of course
the drill was Bo constructed and ad
justed, as to prevent the seed arid the
fertilizer from coming into direct con
tact with each other. It has been held
by some that cotton seed meal com
ing directly in contact with the seed
will militate against their perfect ger
mination. You may overcome this dif
ficulty by the means we have suggested
or you can put the fertilizer on in ad
vance of planting the crop.
• • •
SUGGESTIONS ON SELECTING LIME.
T. 0. M., Conyers, Ga., writes: I am
sending yon a sampe of lime and would
like. your advice as to the quality and
about how much would be required per acre
for wheat to be followed by cowpea*. The
soil Is only slightly acid and is rather
light and sandy. It is quoted to me at
$8.99 per ton delivered in car lot*.
The sample of limestone forwarded
to us should be well adapted for ag
ricultural purposes. We judge it to
be made from marble, and therefore
is high in calcium carbonate. This
sample is probably grpund a little finer
than is necessary for agricultural pur
poses, and no doubt the fineness of
the grinding runs the cost up a little
more than in the case of some samples
which are not quite so fine. Lime for
agricultural purposes should be ground
so that the greater part of it will pass
through a sieve of 100 meshes to the
inch, but there is no objection to the
greater percentage of the particles be
ing from the size of clover up to a
wheat grain. We have no analysis of
the sample sent us or of the one about
which you make inquiry, but we think
that the first sample will be satisfac
tory for your purpose. Of course, you
should secure the lowest possible price.
We think you are asked a rather stiff
figure for this lime. We would sug
gest that you use one ton per acre.
We are not certain that lime is going
to show any particular benefit when
applied to wheat or oats. As you know,
our experiments with lime have only
been In progress for a couple of years,
and it will take a longer period in
which to determine definitely its effect
on cereals. We had good results-from
the use of lime on corn and legrumes,
and where one desires to follow wheat
with cowpeas, we believe it is very
good practice to put the lime on in the
fall. The land should be prepared first
for the wheat and then the lime used
as a top dressing and harowed into the
soil. Do not mix the fertilizer with
the lime, and the lime should be allow
ed to remain on the land a week or ten
days before the seed is sown. We
think the use of one ton of the pul
verized lime per acre would be about
right. This quality of lime, as you
understand, only exerts about one-half
of the sweetening power of the caustic
lime. and its action in the soil is
necessarily somewhat slower, but it is
not so destructive of vegetable matter,
and theref<ire we are Inclined to ad
vise its use on all soils where any ef
fort has been made to improve their
mechanical condition through the rota
tion of crops and the use of legumes.
• • o
ESTABLISHING ALFALFA.
M. L. M., McRae, Ga., writes: I hare
about two acres that I am anxious to put
in alfalfa this fall, but do not know a
thing about preparing the land, fertiliza
tion, Inoculation, etc., and would appreciate
all the information you can give me on the
subject.
Relatively early seeding of alfalfa is
desirable. We think October 16 about
the latest date on which it should be
sown, as it will hardly have time to
make sufficient top to go through the
winter satisfactorily if planted much
later than this date. Of course, in an
exceptionally mild, open fall a little
later planting may be followed with
success, especially in the southern part
of the state where the climate is milder
than in north Georgia. If you contem
plate seeding alfalfa this fall, we would
advise you to break the land immediate
ly to a fair depth, then roll and har
row so as to secure a fine tilth. A fairly
firm seed bed is desirable for this crop.
We would advise you to apply at least
one ton of pulverized rock per acre, put
ting it on as soon as the land can be
broken. Then you should secure a good
grade of* American-grown seed and se
cure inoculating material for the same
from the bureau of plant industry,
United States department of agricul
ture, Washington, D. C. Sow the seed
at^the rate of twenty pounds per aert,
cross-seeding it. Any seeder which will
scatter the seed uniformly may be used.
Cover with a brush harrow. Two or
three days before planting this crop
it is. desirable that you top dress the
soil with well-rotted yard manure at
the rate of five tons and upwards per
acre. We would harrow the manure into
the soil. Apply at the same time a for
mula containing 200 to 300 pounds of
cotton seed meal or some other form
of organic nitrogen, such as tankage,
blood, fish scrap, 300 to 400 pounds of
16 per cent acid phosphate, and 200 to
300 pounds of kalnit or 100 pounds of
muriate of potash. The fertilizer should
be well mixed with the soil before the
seed is planted. Do not mix the fertilizer
and lime together and allow at least
ten days to elapse between the applica
tion of the lime and 'the fertilizer.
If you feel that you cannot get the
land in ideal shape for planting at an
early date, we would Advise that yov
put it In some winter cover crop and
get ready to seed next fall. It Is Impor
tant that land intended for alfalfa be
run in a fallow or in smother crops so
as to destroy weeds. You will find crab
grass quite an enemy to alfalfa. Some
prefer to sow alfalfa in drills. There is
no objection to this method, of course.
The land can then be cultivated from
time to time and the alfalfa kept freer
of weeds than where it is broadcasted.
• * •
SOWING VETCH AND WINTER OATS.
R. L. O., Monticello, Ga., writes: I
would like some Information in regard to
sowing vetch with fall oats; bow much
per acre, when to sow, and probablo re
sults as a feed and benefit to tbe land.
We would suggest that you use the
hairy vetch In your sectRji of the state
and we advise planting aa soon as prac
ticable. Vetch and one of the rust
proof varieties of oats may be sown to
excellent advantage, and we think it
well to sow four to five pecks of oats
with twenty to thirty pounds of vetch
seed. Our practice has been to mix
these and seed together and we have se
cured excellent results. We have, of
course, planted the crop with a grain
drill, and in some instances have fol
lowed the open furrow method. On soils
that are in bad physical condition and
limited in their supply of vegetable
matter. We advise planting in open fur
rows, especially on heavy clay land
where the damage from freezing and
the constant heaving is likely to be
greater than on sandy soils or In the
southern part of the state. In rich and
well prepared soils where there to a
fairly firm seed bed we think the seed
ing may be donb with an ordinary grain
drill to good advantage. We have gath
ered from two to four tons of vetch and
oat hay from an acre of land. The vetch
is a legume and very rich in protein,
and the combination of oats and vetch
if cut at the right time makes a most
excellent hay for all classes of live
stock. It may be fed to advantage to
horses and mules where it has been
properly cured and is free from dust.
The Vsrket
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