Newspaper Page Text
®he Mlmrtn SlemMMeeMfi Smtrmtl
VOL. XXII. NO. 43.
HOOVER OPPOSES MAKING LEAGUE ISSUE AT
WILSON'S PROPOSAL
ON RAIL WAGES AND ■
BILL ITSELF SCORED
Attack Comes From Union
*
Officials Senator Cum.-
mins Replies w Critics of
. Measure in Senate
WASHINGTON, Feb. 23.—Presi
dent Wilson’s proposal for settlement
of the railroad wage controversy and
the compromise railroad bill, pend
ing in the senate, were bitterly as
sailed ini the conference here today j
of the railroad union officials and f
grievance committeemen wno were
called to Washington to discuss’ the
settlement policy laid down by the
president.
Indications were that a strong ele
ment, perhaps a majority, of the’
union leaders would demand that
railroad labor stand together in an
appeal to the president to veto the
Cummins-Esch measure because of
Us labor provisions. Some regarded
it as destroying all progress made
during the negotiations with Direc
tor General Hines towards a settle
ment of their demands for higher
pay.
Representatives of the fifteen or
ganizations concerned in the set-tle
, ment proposal met -bi secret session
in as -many different halls. Their
purpose was to formulate their own
views by majority rule and later
meet in a general conference. Heat
ed arguments which were admitted to
have developed in practically eveiw
meeting, were expected to be con
tinued in the main conference."
Cummins Defends Bill
’•lgnorance and malice have gross
ly misrepresented the provisions and
purpose of the Esch-Cummins rail
road bill,” Senator Cumimns told the
senate in urging it to pass the meas
ure on which the house took final
action Saturday.
He replied to criticism of the
clause of the bill which guarantees
the roads a 5 1-2 per cent return on
their investment, and declared he
could not understand the assaults
against the labor sections of the
measure.
Presenting the conference report.
Senator Cummins emphasized that
the rate guarantee seption did not
take a dollar out of the public treas
ury.
‘Tn order to prejudice it among
the people, it has been termed a
guaranty of income,” he said. ‘‘This
is not true.. There is a guaranty
in the bill of the standard return
and against deficits continuing for
six months after the railways are
returned to their owners; but its/u
--cessity is
"The rate-makiwg section is not a
guaranty. Not a dollar is to be paid
from the treasury on account of its
provisions, and no obligation what
ever on the. part of the government
is created.”
Income Dependent
He said the bill merely directed
the interstate commerce commission
that in so far as was practicable it
should make rates that would yield a
net operating income of s’,£> per ‘
cent ‘‘upon the true value of the rail- '
vay property.” The income would
depend wholly upon location of the. (
roads, the lowa senator- pointed’out, '
asserting that some roads would earn
ucit more than 2 per cent.
JTo call it a guaranty is to he ;
either maliciously false or stupidly
ignorant,” he declared.
Discussing the anti-strike section
on which the. senate conferees yield
ed, Senator Cummins said they
‘‘yielded simply to supreme necessi
ty,” and that they recognized that a
railroad bill had to pass by March i
or ‘‘chaos would ensue.”
‘‘With respect to the labor provi
sions of the conference report,” Sen
ator Cummins added. “I am utterly
unable to understand the supposition
which they have aroused among la
bor leaders, for they leave all free
men, whether employes or employers,
to do whatsoever they please at any
time, at any place or under any cir
cumstances.”
Mr. Wilson today was drawing his
reply to the suggestion of the rail
road unions for an arbitration trib
unal independent of that set up in
the Esch-Cummins bill. He may sub
mit it to the railroad men today.
Rail Director Hines, who called at
the White House today for a con
ference with Secretary Tumulty, is
preparing for the president a sum
mary of the railroad bill.
Governor Edwards to
Fight Plank
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., Feb. 23.
Governor Edwards, of New Jersey,
announced here Sunday his intention
of going to the national Democratic
convention at San Francisco prepared
to fight for an anti-prqiiibition plank
in the party platform. He criticized
William Jennings Bryan, wno he des
ignated ‘‘a man without a state,”
and declared that her* had no fear
that Mr. Bryan will seriously injure
the party should the, convention take
an anti-prohibition stand. Governor
Edwards said he was convinced that
both parties must face the prohibi
tion issue as the livest that will
come before the national conven
tions.
“I don't care who is the party’s
.candidate,” said the governor. “My
wnly concern is to see this question
of national prohibition threshed out.
It is not a matter of liquor; it’s a
question of principle. Personal lib
ertv and state’s rights are involved.”
H E A LS~Sf 0 MACFTfR 0 U -
BLE AND TAPE WORM
AT HOME
A sample home treatment which
gives quick and lasting relief in all
v forms of stomach trouble, including
tape worms or other worms, is being
supplied- to sufferers by Walter A.
Reisner, Box C-64, Milwaukee, Wis.
He is so confident of results that
he guarantees absolute satisfaction
in every case or there is no charge
-for the treatment. If you suffer
i from stomach trouble or any kind
of worms, send him your name and
address today as this notice may
nO V 3 T ) P par again.—ifAdvt.l
PRICE OF MEAT
MUST BE BASED
ON WHOLESALERS’
CHICAGO. Feb. 23. —Retail meat
dealers have been warned by United
States district attorneys that they
must reduce their prices as the
wholesale prices' drop, or submit
their books to investigation by fed
eral agents.
This was revealed here by. United
Attorney , General Palmer,
while en route to Topeka,’ Kan.
“The price of meat has been fall
ing for three months, but the retail
era have not reduced their prices,
declaring that their supplies .were
old stock purchased at higher
prices,” said Mr. Palmer.
“The old stocks should be ex
hausted by this time and unless the
price to the consumer comes down
soon, we will have to look into the
questions of dealers' profits.”
Philippines Indorse
Major General Wood
As G. 0. P. Candidate
MANILA, P. 1., Feb. 23.—Major
General Leonard Wood was indorsed
as the republican, candidate for
president and a platform urging
postponement of withdrawal of
American sovereignty over the Phil
ippin Islands until the masses of
Filipinos are capable of ex-
ercising the franchise, was adopted
at the republican insular convention
here today.
Census Estimate Makes
New York Biggest City
NEW YORK, Feb. 23.—Estimates
on New York’s census returns for
1920 give the city more than 7,000,-
000 inhabitants, according to census
officials. The population of the
Metropolitan district, which includes
suburbs not actually belonging /'to
the city, is said to exceed 8,500,000.
These figures would make New
York indisputably the biggest city
in the world, London coming sec
ond with aboyt'l,ooo,ooo less both
for the city proper and the London
metropolitan area.
i E MORE 1 E
lO”DAYS — IO
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THE
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Each publication has the South at interest, dealing with problems that affect your every-day life. To miss
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iATHENS CITIZEN
PROTESTS EFFORT
TO BfIRJOOVER
Harry Hodgson Says Action
of the Subcommittee Ap
pears to Be- Political Strat
egy an,d Lauds Hoover
Hall County Citizens
Denounce as Impertinent
Letter Sent to Hoover
<
GAINESVILLE, Ga., Feb. 23.
The inquiry sent to Herbert
Hoover by the subcommittee ot
the state Democratic executive
committee was declared to he
impertinent and unwarranted in
resolutions unanimously adopted
by a mass meeting of Hall
county citizens assembled here
today.
Editor The Journal: I think wtdeputx
licity should be given to the action
of the Democratic state executive
committee at a recent meeting when
it passed a rule reading as follows:
“In any case where 100 or more
white Georgia Democrats file with
the committee by April 1, a petition
requesting that the name of any man
be placed upon the ballot, his name
shall be So placed.”
Your newspaper reports that sub
sequently the committee interpreted
the rule that the words “any man”
must be changed to “any Democrat”
and it was stated that a subcom
mittee directed Secretary Hiram
Gardner to write a letter to Mr. Her
bert Hoover to ask him whether or
not he is a Democrat.
The action of the subcommittee
appears to be political strategy to
keep Mr. Hoover's name off the pri
-1 on Page 6, Column 7)
ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1920.
URGES DRIVE ON
TAX DODGERS TO
SAVE A BILLION
WASHINGTON, Feb. 23. —An ap
propriation to finance a $1,000,000,-
000 drive on tax dodgers has been
asked of congress by Internal Reve
nue Commissioner Roper, it was
learned today.
This amount, Roper informed the
house appropriations committee, can
be brought intd the treasury if con
gress will allow sufficient funds for
a thorough audit of all tax returns.
- Audits of the 1916 and part of
the 1917 returns have netted $200,-
000,000, but the internal revenue bu
reau is so far behind on its work
that a large additional force of audi
tors is needed to bring more money
due the government into the treasury
at this time, Mr. Roper said. For
this purpose he asked for an appro-1
priation of $3,000 to employ 750 audi
tors and 600 auxiliary clerks to go
over faulty returns.
A preliminary investigation also
has shown that the government has
been paid money on income and oth
er taxes to which it is not entitled,
and it is estimated that the refunds
during this year will total $12,000,-
000.
As to the taxes which the govern
ment hopes to recover, Mr. Roper
said:
14-We find upon examination that
two-thirds of these unassessed taxes
lie in a group of about 15,000 returns.
These are the so-called consolidated
returns —that is returns of corpora
tions of all kinds which have many
subsidiary companies probably run
ning from five to twenty subsidiary
companies per return. These 15,000
consolidated returns probably repre
sent 100,000 individual company re
turns. An audit of 302.938 cases has
netted the government $125,705,422.”
Taboo Spitting to
Halt Influenza
BOSTON. As a preventative
against the spread of influenza the
board of health has started a cam
paign against spitting. Spitters have
been fined $5 for using elevated and
sttbway stations for cuspidors.
FEDERAL RESERVE
BOARD MOVES TO
REGULATE CREDIT
Annual Report Designs
Course to Aid in Restoring
Pre-War Equilibrium in
Business
WASHINGTON, Feb. 23. Deter
mination of the federal reserve board
to exert the full power of the re
serve banking system in regulating
and controlling the credit situation
—a course designed to aid commerce
and industry in restoring a pre-war
equilibrium—was disclosed in the
board’s annual report, made public
t day.
With this as its announced peace
time policy, the board was prepared
to “test the ability of the system
to check expansion and to 'induce
healthy liquidation.” The board ex
plained it was aware of the implied
power to rectify the condition which
confronts the country. This power
necessarily followed the authority
for and employment of an elastic
system of reserve credit and note
’ sue, it w . added.
Recommendations also were made
to congress for amendment of the
reseiwe act which would permit re
serve banks, with approval of the
federal reserve board, to establish
normal maximum lines of credit ac
commodation for member banks. An
as_ ’.ding scale of rates would be
provided in event money was bor
rowed above the maximum line. This,
tl. board believed, would induce
banks to hold their own large bor
rowers in check and thus work to
the end that credit expansion on a
large scale would be stopped. Warn
ing was given that the country must
guard igainst too rajlid deflation.
While the board was in entire sym
pathy with measures to overcome
this evil, it pointed out that reme
dies employed to correct deflation
dies employed to correct Inflation
Inflation itself.
Hoover Asked to State
\ Id 7 het her He Can Qualify
Under Still Another Rule
Quoting Version No. 3 of
Rule Governing Democrat
ic Primary, Secretary
Gardner Sends Question
' naire to Former Food Ad
ministrator
Hoover’s Name Should
Go on Ticket, Declares
J. M. Vandiver, of Rome
ROME, Ga., Feb. 23. —"I believe
Herbert Hoover’s name should be
allowed to go on Mie ticket iry the
state Democratic preferential pri
mary regardless of whether he
declares himself to be a Demo
crat or not,” said John M. Van
diver, Seventh district member of
the today. “If
he is not a Democrat,” said Mr.
Vandiver, “the Democrats of Geor
gia won’t vote for him.”
Three different versions of the rule
of eligibility for candidates in Geor
gia’s Democratic preferential pri
mary, to be held April 20, have been
issued by Hiram L. Gardner,, secre
tary of the Democratic state execu
tive committee, and secretary of the
subcommittee on ryles of the state
committee.
Version No. 1, given by him to
the press on the afternoon of Friday,
February 6, immediately after the
meeting at which the subcommittee
drafted the rules of the primary,’
provided that the name of “any man”
might be placed upon the ballot by
a petition signed bv cne hundred or
more "white Georgia Democrats.”
Version No. 2, given by him under
date of Februlry 21, in a communica
tion addressed to the editor of the
A r '.anta Constitut'on, that
the name of “any Dcmeerat qualified
for the . esideney” could be plac
ed upon the ballot by one hundred or
.lUl'f ‘qualified white Democrats.
'Version No. ", given by him under
date of February 10, in a circular
sent to the chairman of the several
Democratic county executive com
mittees, prov.ded that the name of
"any Democrat qualified for the pres
idency of the United States” could be
placed upon the ballot by a petition
signed by one hundred or more “reg
istered whl e Democrats of the state
• of Georgia, qualified to vote in said
J primary.”
Questionnaire To HooVor
i But version No. 1 is not the
’ version accepted by the subcommit
tee as the official version, although
,1t was published in a number 'of
newspapers over the state and was
accepted by the public as the cor
rect version and was not challenged
i by Secretary Gardner,* so far as any
body knows, until after the secret
' meeting held by the subcommit
tee in Atlanta last Thursday aft
ernoon.
At that meeting it was decided
that candidates in the primary must
; be avowee! Democrats; and
c.ecided that Herbert Hoover must?
■ avow himself a Democrat before his'
| name could be placed upon the bal
' lot in response to petitions bearing
■ more than the requisite number of
* which had been receiv
ed; and further decided that Secre
rary Gardner should address a ‘ let-
| ter to Mr. Hoover requesting him
; to say whether he considered him
i self eligible under xersion No. 3,
I which the subcommittee seems to
l have taken as the official version.
! Acting in pursance of the suo
I committe’s directions, Secretary
I Gardner has mailed from Eatonton
J a letter requesting Mr. Hoover to
i make known to the subcommittee
! whether or not he is a Democrat.
; This letter as telegraphed to The
| Journal by Mr. Gardner Is as fol
i lows: »
Text of the Letter
“To Hon. Herbert C. Hoover, The
I Raleigh, Washington, >D. C.—My
I dear Mr. 'Hoover: At a meeting of
the Democratic executive committee
of the state of Georgia, held in At
lanta February 6, 1920, a Demo
i cratic presidential primary was or
! dered to be held- in Georgia April 20.
■ 1920.
“A committee’of seven was ap
pointed to make all necessary rules,
and regulations to govern said pri
mary. The committee formulated
and promulgated through its secre
tary rules, a copy of which I have
the honor to enclose herein, dated
I February 10, 1920.
Among the rules is the follow
’ ing: ‘Each candidate for the Demo
i cratic nomination for* president shall
; file with the secretary of the state
j Democratic executive committee no-
I tice candidacy by noon,\April
1, 192th The name of any Democrat,
qualified for the presidency of the
United States, may be placed upon
the ballot to be used in said presi
dential primary provided one hun
dred or more registered white Demo
! crats, qualified to vote in said pri-
■ mary. shall petition the state Demo
-1 cratic executive committee, through
] its secretary, to have his name thus
i placed, said petition to be filed with
j the secretary of the state Democratic
|. executive committee by noon, April
1. 1920.’
“In view of recent newspaper in
terviews purporting come from
you. we do not know whether or not
i it would be your desire to qualify
under these rules to hgve your name
placed upon the ballot in the Demo
cratic primary we propose to hold.
“One hundred or more registered
white Democrats of Georgia have pe
| titioned this committee that your
i name be thus placed and it is the
desire of the committee that you ex
press. to us, yourself, whether or
not you would meet the require
ments made prior to the suggestion
ified for the presidency of the Unit
ed States.’
“You will, I am sure, appreciate
the fact that we are proposing a
Democratic primary and will give
me a. reply at your earliest conven
ience. With assurances of highest
regards, I am, cordially yours,
“HIRAM L. GARDNER,
“Secretary State Democratic Ex
ecutive Committee of Georgia.
“February 23, 1920.”
Evolution of Bule
The rule of eligibility for candi
dates in the primary has undergone
a remarkable and interesting process
of evolution in the past two of three
weeks.
As will be recalled, the Democratic
state executive committee met in the
Kimball house in Atlanfb. at 10
o’clock on the morning of Friday,
February 6, and at tjiat meeting
adopted a resolution ordering a state
wide preferential primary to be held
April 20 for the purpose of ascer
taining the choice of the Democrats
of Georgia for the presidential nomi
nation of their party.
A sub-committee of seven was ap
pointed to draft the rules and regu
lations for the holding of the pri
mary. On this sub-committee were
named the following:
James J Flynt, Griffin, chairman,
he being chairman of the state com
mittee; Hiram L. Gardner, Eatonton,
secretary, he being secretary of the
state committee; Fermor Barrett, To
coa; Miller S. Bell, Milledgeville; H.
H. Dean, Gainesville; J. H. Milner,
Eastman; T. H. Parker, Moultrie.
The sub-committee met on the aft
ernoon of Friday, February 6, in
Chairman Flynt’s room in the Kim
ball house, and drafted rul«f and
regulations to govern the primary.
After that meeting Secretary Gard
ner gave to John W. Hammond, the
Atlanta correspondent of the Macon
Telegraph, the Augusta Chronicle
and the Columbus Enquirer Sun, a
dictated copy of the rules which had
been adopted. Mr. Hammond states
/that Secretary Gardner dictated the
rules to him in his office in the
Kimball house, and that he wrote
them off on his typewriter, word for
word, as they were dictated to him.
Version Ko. 1
The rules thus issued by Secretary
Gardner were widely printed in
newspapers over the state. Mr. Ham
mond furnished them to his papers
—the Macon Telegraph, the Augusta
Chronicle and the Columbus En
quirer-Sun—and also furnished them
to the Atlanta Constitution and the
Savannah Morning News. They were
published not only in these newspa
pers, ,oq the mornitig of .Saturday,
February 7, but were published also
in several afternoon newspapers of
tho same date, including The Atlanta
Journal. So far as can be learned,
Secretary Gardner made no. correc
tion in the published version. These
rules as thus given out and thu^ pub
lished contained Version No. 1 of the
eligibility of candidates of the pri
mary, and this version was as fol
lows:
Every candidate for the Dem
ocratic nomination for president
must flic with the secretary of
the state executive committee a
statement or certlfigpte of his
candidacy on or before April 1.
Provided, however, that in any
case where 100 or more white
Georgia Democrats file with the
committee by that date a peti
tion requesting that the name of
any man be placed upon the bal
lot, Ills name shall be so placed.
Acting upon this rule, several hun
dred “white Georgia Democrats” of
Hall county, headed by Col. H. H.
Perry, a prominent Gainesville law
yer, and including such men as the
judge and solicitor of the superior
court and the mayor ot’ Gainesville,
signed a petition requesting that the
name of Herbert Hoover be placed
upon the ballot. took it for
granted that Mr. Hoover was “a
man” within the meaning of the rule
above quoted, and presumably they
felt that his democracy was satisfac
tory to them. Their petition was
duly forwarded to Secretary Gardner.
Several other movements looking to
Hoover petitions were started in va
rious parts of the state. It looked
as if Hoover was gaining headway.
Version No. 2
After these petitions had been re
ceived, and after it had become ap
parent that Hoover was to be a fac
tor in the Georgia primary, the sub
committee held in Atlanta last
Thursday aftern<?on, February 19, a
secret, meeting. As a result of the
meeting the nature of which was not
disclosed to the public, it was the
subcommittee’s decision that Hoover
must avow himself a Democrat be
fore his name could be placed upon
the ballot, and in accordance with
this decision Secretary Gardner was
directed to address him a letter re
questing him to state whether he
considered himselfr eligible.
When the news of this meeting
•leaked out to the public through the.
newspapers, various explanations
and numerous protests were imme
diately forthcoming. The first in
formation concerning the meeting
was to the effect that the subcom
mittee had amended the rule of eligi
bility so as to require that candi
dates in the primary must be Dem
ocrats. This, however, was denied
by Chairman • Flynt, who said the
committee had merely “interpreted”
the rule to have that application la
the case of Mr. Hoover. v
Then Secretary Gardner came for
ward in a card addressed to the
editor of the Atlanta Constitution in
v.hich he asserted that the rule origi
nally. adopted on February 6 was a.
rule requiring candidates to be Dem
ocrats and further asserted that
there had been no change in the
rule, and he gave it as follows in
Version No. 2:
Each candidate for the Demo
cratic nomination for president
shall file with the secretary of
this committee, by noon on
April 1, notice of his candidacy.
The name of any Democrat quali
fied for tho presidency shall be
placed upon the ballot on the
petition of one hundred or more
qualified white Democrats, said
petitiofl to he filed prior to noon,
April 1.
Version Ko. 3
It will be observed that the lan
guage of 1 the rule in Version No.
Stents a copy.
$1.23 A YEAR.
POLLS
URGESAGREEMENT '
TO RESERVATIONS
BHREATYFRIENDS
Former Food Administrator,
in Johns Hopkins Speech,
Declares for Sanity in U.
S. Relations With Europe -
BALTIMORE, MD„ Feb. 23.—Her
bert C. Hoover, former food admin
istrator, declared today in an address
at Johns Hopkins university his op
position to making ratification of
the treaty with Germany an issue
in the presidential campaign. He
insisted the injection of the argu
ments for and against reservation.*
would “obscure our pressing do
mestic issues by conflict over a
question in which the country al
ready has made up its mind, ’ and
added “it is my impression that
there is no party credit in this posi
tion.”
Hope for immediate ratification
of the treaty rested, he said, in rhe
acceptance by “lesser reservation*
ists” of the proposals of the "mild
reservationists.” The two combined,
he said, could secure ratification.
“It also appears to us,” he contin
ued, “that even from the point of.
view of the ‘lesser reservationists’
they will have secured all of thA
major functions and values of the
league. If it be put into being and
if it proves its living value in the
world, no one can doubt, that zany
necessary changes (will be to
it by common consent as the years
go on. For my part, if the league
cannot prove its value under the lat--
est proposals of the ’mild
tionists’ it will never prove them
under the proposals of the lesser
xeservationnists.’"
The present danger Europe is fac
ing, Mr. Hoover said, is not so
much a revolutionary cataclysm as
the "steady degeneration of the
standard of living and the slow de
cay of the forces of stability.” Re
stored productivity, he insisted, is
essential if the allies are to receive
the maximum reparation.
"Until then we shall not have
real peace,” he said. “It will ba
delayed as long as we hang Ul9
treaty in the air, for we are a
of it.”
People Want League
“I do not believe the adherence of
the American people to tho league
requires any demonstration,” he con
tinued. "It has been under discus
sion for eight months. It has been
given able debate and consideration
in its every complexion. I believe
the majority of our people ure con
vinced of thq, necessity of reserva
tions .with the league. Both par
ties to the conflict appear to con
cede this. The conflicting groups
ever the character of the reserva
tions have gradually abandoned their
extreme ground and have come closer
and closer to a common mind. It
would appear to an outsider that
both sides were in agreement on all
the great major ideas of the league
and the major ideas of reservations,
but that they are in disagreement
mostly over secondary questions in
the reservations. In the meantime
the world is held in suspense. In
finite. misery goes on accumulating.
Forces are set in motion that may
yield new conflicts.
Already the distrust and ''under
mining of confidence and credit in
the world has crippled our export
market.” '■»
Regarding the part the United
States will take In the rehabilita
tion of Europe, Mr. Hoover coun
selled moderation. “We have two ex
treme views among our people,” lv
said, “upon the policies we shou’d
adopt in all these matters. One con
tends that the ideal is isolation^ —
leave Europe to herself: the other
contends for at least moral domina
tion as a mission of international
justice. Many of us want neither ex
treme.”
Assuming that the treaty would
be ratified "some day”, in “some
form” he expressed a nope that it
might serve to bring about a reduc
tion of armament and the “develop
ment of engines of conciliation, of
arbitration and codes and courts of
international justice.”
"We hope for its influence in th a
j destruction of the economic barriers
j set up before and since the war,” he
continued, “which stifle- the recu
peration of and the free entry tot
our own commerce over the world.
Some of us hope the league will not ’
interpose in international differences
I except in the last stage necessary to •
mitigate the growth of conflict.
I Some of us have no liking for man
dates of any European state, for we
would thus plunge ourselves’ terri
torially into Europe itself with a
long train of dangers. Most of us
have no ambitions to moral or other
domination.”
Flea For Teacher*
Except where the interests of the
United States are vitally concerned,
Mr. Hoover declared himself as op
posed to American membership on
the various missions provided for in
the treaty for the settlement of
questions raised by the war. The
loaning of money except to alleviate
distress was also opposed. “Our best
assistance in healing Europe’s
wounds lies in the promotion of the
processes of private com-,
merce,” he said, “not in loans from
our government.”
Mr. Hoover’s references to the
peace treaty and its ratification was
preceded by the presentation of
statistics calculated to indicate what
he called the “heart-breaking under
payment” of school teachers. There
are, he said, 110,000 teaching posi
tions in the public schools that now
are vacant or filled by teachers below
standard. The number of teachers
receiving less than $450 a year he
placed at 120,000. Salary increases
had been granted in some cases, he
said, but these ranged from 10 to
25 per cent while the cost of living
had increased from SO to S 5 per
cent. “There is not a university in
the United States,” he said, "that is
not losing month by month some, of
its best ability by the