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ftejmtrtfc&k-
FREDERICK S. FELL,
city rniNTEn.
DAILY TATi n EIGHT DOM.AHS TEG ANNUM.
tut MM PAP UR MX DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
TAYARLE IN ADVAN'CT.
(T 1 All news duiI Iicwa(lv(>i(lsfinenls t up[u.'ar [ in
both papers-.cn
iaJ^TAxr OTAiat;
Til) IlSDAY K\TiNlN(»,'KovEMnr.H 18. 1824
VOCVMF.n TS.
political yet
ftj’By nn advertisement In another part of our
paper it will be seen that the Pew* In the Luther-
on Church are to be rented To-morrow morning,
at 11 o’clock. Persons wishing to ohtuin Pews,
will do well to attend ut the hour Stutedi.
We lay before our readers to-day, scvdtt doc
uments which wo huve received througlt tho at
tention of a friend at MillcJgevillc. They nrri-
ted in town yesterday morning, but having been
jnisluid, we did not receive them till this morning.
i.r.oisLATtnmoF GEORGt a.
F.xtract ofa letter to the djditors of the Gcor-
gbn, dated *
Mn.tEDor.vir cs, Nov. 13.*
The hill to point out the mode of choosing elec-
. tors m President, Is yet before "the houso. Tho
bill first reported, was So deficient, that the mo*
lion to report progress, and have leave to sit a-
gain, was carried two to one. The Bill to allow
thr i | >ration of Savannah, to issue change bills,
was ri looted. The bill to prevent the culture, or
rathrr lay a tax on persons cultivating rice, within
two mile* of the city, has been read for the Hist
time in the Senate, and, with some modification,
we hope will pass. The bill exempting twenty-
one persons from jury duty Sic. who are to man
age Enj ines, has passed the House, and will meet
no o| position iu the Senate. A bill to com]>ol
individuals who vote, to endorse their names on
their tickets! is under discussion It^the 3ennte;its
pa.-‘.ii;e is doubtiul. Jencks’ memorial, is referred
to tho committee on Internal Improvement.—-
Probably a measure may be adopted to forward
internal improvement-—a bill-to appoint a civil
Engineer* with a salary of 3to GUOO, will be "at-
tempted. A resolution to bring bn the election of
Bank director-will take place on Monday next-
Thv I’hmtersand State Banks, Lave made reports
highly favorable to both institutions. Our best
fAcriious will be used to obtain on appropriation
to entertain La Fayette, provided we find it will
meet with nostro ng opposition.
THE ELECTIONS.
Matmchvtdli.^ln 68 towns the Adams tieket
ftcelved 11,874 votes, the unpledged ticket 2671.
Delaware.—-The Legislature isnow in session—
lb. -tr-Jtigcst assurances are given that hor vote
will be for Mr. Crawford.
Pirginia.—In CC counties and boroughs the
A ST UTEwENT
Of the rcceiptswid putt meats ci the 'jfcrasu-
f th< S'i:tr i Georgia, duetng the
Dll.
For amounts received between the 1st
of November, 1823, and the 31st of Oc
tober, 1834, inclusive, and pi need to the
credit of the following accounts, viz:—
State stock, 1215 02 1-2
General tax IStO
do
do
do
do
do
Direct tax, 1813
# do IBM
-18:2 00
1810 2S 12 *
1820 4,122 1)1
1821 0,274 40
1822.81,896 10 3-4
1^23 l'0,819 70
257 32
074 57
—-—110,550 21 3-4
1,899 10 1-2
Vendue tux,
Dividends on Augusta bnuk
Stock, 12,000 C*
do Darien do 20,000 00
do Steam-Boat Stock, 8,000 00
Bedncy Franklin, solicitor
. . general, . 2,067 50
Bonds for fractions in Bald
win ancFBfi’kinson.L.C. 2,244 75
do and square
lots, sold in 1811 1,300 14
do do sold under
act of 1820, 13,590 10 1-2
do forfeited lands, 849 49
do rent of fractions, 5,221 67 3-4
do do property ut
Fort Hawkins, 116 74
do lots in Macon, 2,976 18
Notes for rent of reserved
lots, 244 78
Land reserved at Macon, 2,204 25.
Lots do by land act of
1818 . 3,452 73
Fractions 1918 ' 12,845-491-2
do 1921 ' 60,400 93 3-4
Tax on Bank Stock, 8,771 89
Trustees of tho University, 10,846 161-2
Lots fraudulently drawn in
the lottery of 18*20, 254 25
Land drawn for in the lot-
tcry-of 18*20,' 15,051 00
dp 1821, , 28,901. 00
fund raised by tax on ped-
* lars 130 00
do fees on grants for
land in Baldwin and
Wilkinson, L. C. 30 45
do on grants for revert*
ed lots in do 100 00
do do do tVil-
kinson, Baldwin and
Wayne 30 00
do do doon grants
for fractions sold un
deract of 18*22, . 20 00
do do do on grants
for land sold under act
of '1923, . 20 00
Votes ure os follows:
do do » lots in Macon
1 00
1’or Crawford
6461
do do on grants 6c.
testimonials, in paper
medium's 115, and in
■ Adams-.; >i
' 2335
Juckson
1814
Clay
93
cash * •
289 00
•Yerth Carolina.—
^Vc have returns from five
towns, in addition to what we publishedycsterday.
Crawford. Jackson.
Before published,
101
E05
Nicholson’s'
104
3
Warren ton >
200
42
* Andrews’s
TO
Hi
Grove Hill plb.
79
22
Rundy -Creek
34
01
097
358 !
liil'
%
i
-
ONE DAY LATER FROM FRANCE.
By the French ship Mine eve, at Charleston Tft-
papers of the 3d ult. were received.
Since the removal of the censorship of the press
ir. nce the journal*speak freely but not very
fully oi the movements oftJeneralLafayette in this
Country, and of the honors which we pay him.
’ Steam boat, are-now used upon all the princi-
^*4 rivers in France; Moselle, Gironde, Soane,
The 48th regiment of the line, from Dohay and
destined for Martinique urrivedatRunnes Sept. 28.
A letter from Constantinople ot Sept. 2, con
tains accounts from Samos of Aug. 10. The Greeks
bud burnt twp frigate- - and a brig belonging to the
Turks. • The crew of one irigatc was-suved, those
i other two vessels were lost,
ere are various rumors, apparently authentic,
"am papdej of great confusion existing in
; sucii us the defection of some Pachas;
Its among the Junnissaries, kc-&c.
Tlic Legislature of South Carolina meets at Co
Jumbia on Monday next.
Congress meets on the first Monday in Decern
her. The Hon. John Gaillaiu), president of the
Senate, started for Washington City on the 12th
ir.st. -j
The editors of the Charleston papers stole that
their city is again restored to health, and persons
may with safety return.
A letter from Paris, dated 9cpt.22d,snys—)‘The
»pwa of the execution of tturbide and the unex
pected return ofM.ChasseriauhuVe Caused u live
ly sensation in the Council of Ministers. Thus the
pfojects of France and Spain agoinst South Amer
ica are abortive even at the beginning.
A lenrned Clergyman has remarked, that Bigob
-Ty murders Religibn, to frighten fouls with her
■ghu.-t.
Theatrical.—The parties fohning our
Corps Dramotique, are by degrees return
ing from the North, and tho campaign
•for ihe winter will soon commence.
Mr F Brown, the Acting Manager lan*
ded with re-inforcements on Friday last,
and Mr Gilfert, accompanied by Mr Bar
rett, (a young gentleman of first rate ex
cellence as a light Comedian) arrived yes
terday from N. York in the Calhoun. ■
Our old favorites.Faulkner, Hyatt, Miss
Tilden, and Mrs. Gray arc also here. Mr
Howard the vocalist, after an absence of
some years j has returned from England,
and report speaks highly of his improve
ment.
Mrs Neiifville an accomplished Dancer
is also added to the company. The inte
rior of the Theatre lias undergone a com
plete chunge, and is now decidedly the
tnpst elegant and splendid establishment
ou the Continent—CVt. Patriot.
lid exclusive right, un-
of tho »aiu. eluirioicd
For balance fn the Treas
ury on the 31at Octo
ber, 1823,
8330,754 993-4
425,775 60 1-4
$756,530 60
For balance, 31st Octo
ber, 1824, 598,003 65 1-2
CR.
By President’s and Speaker’s warrants,
and warranty drawn by the Governor on
thq Treasurer, paid between the 1st of
November, 1823, and the 31st of October,
1824, chargeable to the following ac
counts, viz: _ **
President’s and Speaker’s
warrants, 41,393 10
Fund for the redemption '*,
of the public debt, 12,035 29
Land Fund, 1,733 10
Civil establishment, 1821, 50 25
do 182:), 7,125 00
do 1824, 18,635,73
Special Appropria
tion, 1822, 8,000 00
do 1623, 5,236 25 *,
do 1824, 7,090 40
Contingent Fund, 1823, 2,535 95 1-2
do 1824, 6,734 551-2
Military Disburse
ments, * 1823, 1,226 53
Appropriation for
printing, 1824, 14,081 27
do Penitentiary,' 1824, 9,379 38 1-2
do County Academies, 18,502 01
Land Fund, 1823, 4,756 12
$158,520 941-2
By balance in the Treas
ury, on the 31st of Oct.
1824, - 598,003 051-2
$750,530 00
Respectfully submitted to the House of
Representatives, by
GEO. R. CLAYTON,
Treasurer.
9. B. Co.’s MEMORIAL.
To tlitHonorable the President and Mem
bers of the Senate, and the Honorable the
Speaker and Members of the House qf
, Representatives of the State Georgia
in General Assembly met :
The memorial of the Steam-Boat com
pany of Georgia, Rcspecfully sheweth.
, That your memorialists were by an act
of your honorable body, passed on the
19th day of December, ill the year of our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and
seventeen, duly incorporated and invested
with the exclusive right for the term of
twenty years, of navigating by steam, the
waters of the state of Georgia on certain
terms and conditions therein specified
which have been faithfully frillfillcd by
thesq Memorialists. *
That by such grant made by your hon
orable body, the^ faith of the dt&tc ofQcor-
gia became and was pledged to these
Memorialists to presorve and secure to
them tho uninterrupted and continued
enjoyment ft tho* s
til the expiration
term. '
L’lmt relying on the legal and coustitu-
tiomil validity of the power thus assumed
and exercised by the State, and confiding
in the unimpaired presCvntiott of their
( bartered rights, your memorialists pro
ceeded without delay, to make largo and
considerable investments in property of
various descriptions, necessary to carry
the same into effect: and such was the
confidence which their exertions inspired
in the community, that tho stock , of the
company experienced n very great and ra
pid advance.
That in this stato of things, your memo
rialists, willing to evince to tho state their
gratitude for the beuefits conferred on
them bv tK6 said charter, and tjtill further
to sce'urc by a community of interest, its
uimupurcd preservation, did in tho month
of February, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighteen, of
fer to the State two hundred shares of flic
stock of the s'uid company at par t which
offer was accepted.
That at the time when this offer vy.vs so
mfidc and accepted, the stock of the com
pany was so much above par, that at pub
lic sales of eight hundred shares, made at
Savannah and Augusta, front five hun
dred to seven hundred and tVenty dollars
above th>) amount then paid in (two hun
dred and fifty dollnrs on each share) Was
obtained.'
That avery^nrge bonus was thereby
gratuituously given to the state, which
may be estimated at the sunt of one hun
dred and sixteen thousand six hundred
and ninety seven dollars and fifty cents,
since the company by the sale to indivi
duals, ofthe stock thus transferred to the
State at par, might have realised this a-
■mount; ;
- That by a subsequent agreement en
tered into in May 1820, between the then
Governor ofthe Stato-of Georgia and your
Memorialists, in consideration of u- loan
made to your Memorialists, by the said
state of the sumoi forty thousand dollars,
they agreed to secure to the State the re
payment of the said sum, and ulso of the
sum of sixty thousand dollars which the
Stute hod previously paid for the two hun
dred shares so taken by her . as x before
mentioned together with eight per cent in
terest on the aggregate amount of one
hundred thousand dollars: nptl in com
pliance with said agrement; executed their
bond to the State of Georgia for the said
sutn of one hundred thousand dollars and
interest as aforesaid, secured by mortgage
of four wharf lots in the city of Savanttuli,
belonging to your Memorialists;
That the interest accruing to the said
State in consequence of the said agree
ment, amounting to the sum of thirty two
thousand dollars, has been punctually
paid;
That at the time when your fylctnorial-
ists entered into the said agreement to se
cure to the State not merely the repay
ment of the sum of forty thousand dollars
so lent ns aforsaid; but also of the sum of
sixty thousand dollars which the state had
previously paid for shurcs wnich were
sold to the state as before stated, on terms
much more advantageous than those
which were sold to individuals, your
Memorialists were enjoying under the
guarantee of your honorable body, the
exclusive right to navigate by'steam, the
waters of tin* state of Georgia; and they
looked (as they respectfully conceive it
will be admitted that they had just rig lit to
do) to the uninterrupted enjoyment of
this exclusive right during their chartered
term, and to the profits which they should
derive therefrom, to enable them to fulfil
the onerous engagement which they hud
thus entered into to the State. ,
• That this just expectation of your Me
morialists has been frustrated by a dc
eision of the Supremo Court pf the Uni
ted States, by which the chartered rights
,ofyour Memorialists have boon invalida
ted, and rendered comparatively valueless;
tho navigation by steam ofthe waters of
the state thrown open to citizens of other
states proceeding from ports of such states,
and your Memorialists thus deprived of
those rights which were guaranteed to
them by the charter ofthe State, the un
interrupted enjoyment of which, was the
sole motive on their part for entering into
the agreement with thfc State before Re
ferred to, and the only source from which
they could reasonably hope to derive the
means of fulfilling the same.'
Under these circumstances, your Memo
rialists respectfully ask from your honor
able bodj, that the relations subsisting
between the State and these Mcmoralists
anterior to the said agreement, the con
sideration of which, has wholly failed, by
the inability of the State, to make good its
grant, may be restored; and that your
Memorialists on payment, or securing to'
flte satisfaction of the Governor of the
Stute, the repayment of the said sum of
forty thousand dollars, so lent to your Me
raorialists as aforesaid, may .be 1 released
from their liability for the aforesaid sum of
sixty thousand dollars, so paid by the
State for the two hundred shares of stock
in the said company, so held by tin* said
Stute.
Your Memorialists cannot doubt, that
this their just and reasonable claim will be
allowed by your honorable body, and they
beg leave respectfully to state the follow
ing reasons why the same should be gran
ted:— - • y
First-—Every grant, whether mode by
on individual or a State, implies from the
necessity of the thing, a warranty orf the
part of the grantor that helms power to
make such grant.
The State of Georgia did by solemn act
grant to your Memorialists,' the exclusive
right to navigate by steam the waters of
the said State,
Your Memorialists confiding in such
grant ancT in ihe right ofthe State to ex
ercise the power which it had thus assum
ed, have mddo large investments of tlieir
individual funds, anti with an-especial
reliance on the pledged faith ofthe State,
did enter into the agreement from which
tl;vy now seek to be i '.sod. *. J
Tho Supremo Court ' of the United
Slates has.decided, that the State had no
right to make such grunt.
The faith of the State of Georgia, pledg
ed to your Memorialists, iil therefore vio
lated, innocently on tho part of the State,
but not therefore less injuriously to your
Memorialists. r.;
They ask then to be relieved from an
agroement, entered into- in tho confidence
that the foitisof the State so pledged could
lie, and would lie preserved.
The State, is unable to fulfil hor con
tract entered into with your Memorial
ists.
It is, they respectfully conceive, tho
most obvious justice, that they should be
relieved from nn agreement only entered
into by your Memorialists front their un
qualified confidence in tho uhility ofthe
State to fulfil the contract which sho had
mad?.
Second,—-By tho transfer to tho State
in 1918, at par value, of two hundred
shares of stock, when a large advance
might have been obtained, by the sale of
them to individuals, your Memorialists
havo already deprived themselves of a
sum much greater than would have been
sufficient to indemnify them against tho
agreement from which they now seek to
be released.
Third—-By the inability of the State to
fulfil its contract with yoiir Mctncrinlists
—by the operation of the decision of -the
Supreme Court ofthe U. States, throwing
open the navigation by steam, of the wn-
toiVof the State, the exclusive right to
which, under the plighted fuitlt of the
State, was the solo motive on the part of
your Memorialists for entering into the
aforementioned agreement, and the en
joyment of which exclusive right is the
only source from which they can hope to
derive the means of fulfilttlg’the same—
the consideration of the said contract bus
wholly faded, nnd in its failure ou the part
of the State, hns produced nn inability to
perform the same on the part of your pe
titioners, without manifest injustice to tho
just claims of those interested in tho said
conipunv. For these reasons, your Me
morialists respectfully uslc that they may
bo relieved from the said ngrectnent on
the terms and conditions herein before sta
ted.
But if it should be njorc dcsirnhlo to
your honorable body, your Memorialists
arc willing to surrender all their exclusive
right to that navigation of the waters of
the State by stenm, with the exception of
the right' of towing, in consideration of
the State’s rclinguishinent of the agree
ment of 1820, nnd retaining its shurcs in
the said company.
Respectfully syjmiittcd.
REPORT
OF THE
KEEPER OF THE PENITENTIARY.
Penitentiary, With Oct. 1824.
Ilis Excellency Gov. Troup,
Sir, ‘
I have .received your letter of the 23d
ristant, and! shall reply to it in the beet
manner I can. When the very existence
of an important institution is annually as
sailed by the strongest prejudices, and its
utility denied; I nnt apprehensive that it
will require greater abilities, and more ex
perience than I possess, to devise any plan
for its government nnd improvement, that
wi'lmuke it a favorite with the communi
ty; or even establish the conviction that it
is consonant to the feelings of natural jus
tied. Your request, however added to the
obligation my situation imposes, prompt
me to-ofler a few remarks jn furtherance
of a system founded in humanity and jus :
tice, nnd demanded by thwintelligence of
the times, nnd the improvements of the
ago. The incrertLing attention of legisla
tive bodies to the amendment of our penal
laws, and the liberal and' enlightened no
tions' upon tlic subject iu various parts of
the union,'ought to be. hailed with - the
highest satisfaction. The general discus
sion ofull subjects of public interest,leads
ultimately to sound and salutary views of
thctn> and I conceive that a manifestation
of a strong disposition lo remedy the de
fects of existing institutions, is a promi
nent characteristic of the American peo
ple. The variety of opinions that exist,
not only in Europe, but in different parts
of the United States, respecting the efficfi-
cy of Penitentiary punishment, and the
best mode of inflicting it, for the reforma
tion of culprits nnd tlye prevention of
crimes, is un evidence that the public
mind in both countries, is deeply engaged
upon this .interesting subject. Beccarin
was the first writer whose efforts produc
ed a very important change in the public
sentiment, respecting the amelioration of
the penal. laws, by demonstrating, that
barbarous and sanguinary punishments,
for slight and ordinary offences, are not
pnly a great evil in themselves, but that
they do-no good; and have a tendency
rather to increase than diminish crimes.—
This Philanthropist, by the promulgation
of his principles, has carried general at
tention and conviction’along with’hint ;
und has established their soundness, by
recting the foundation for every thing that
has been said and done in their favor. If
the period has riot yet arrived in this state
for a general acquiescence in their justice
and policy, it is because public impatience
interrupts tlic efforts which the friends of
a lenient administration of criminal juris
prudence are disposed to make Tor amend'
ingdur p6nnl laws, improving the eqde of
the Penitentiary, nnd advancing the disci,
plino within its Walls: objects, the benefi
cial' accomplishment of which, require
time, observation, and experience. The
Ncw-York State Prison has been estab
lished near thirty years, and is und.br thU
superintendancc and direction of some of
the moot hnportantpublic functionaries in
the state, and isnow in full nnd sulicessftil
operations; and is claimed as an honor to
tho state, and an evidence of the wisdom,
justice, and humanity of it's legislators
Vi rginia some time since bad tbe misfor-
roulMhaviilihoflPfffit<M>iinry (icsirpyed
by*5ret but She is so m.tkch in love with the
mildmode of punishment, that slichasun-
dortuken to build another edifice, upon o
more extensive and improved plan. Si
milar prisons have been constructed in till
of the New-England Slates, in New-Jor-
soy, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, ami
Kentucky, and though generally bufthen-
Bomo to these States, arc notwithstanding
cherished ..vtth'earnostucss and liberality,
and nro improving'yearly in their regula
tions. . :
Those circumstances alone, if others
were wanting, ought to promptua at once
to place our Penitentiary upottninoro re
spectable and permanent basis. It is a
misfortune,' that the important considera
tions which originally led to tho estab
lishments of these institutions,- should he,
in .this state, in a great measure kept out
of view by the great solicitude that is con
stantly felt and expressed)'that the finan
cial operations of our State Prison should
be more successfully conducted. The
prevalence of this disposition has n tenden
cy to retard, mid perhaps defeat, every at
tempt lo establish in the Penitentiary, thb
rigid rules and severe discipline which our
northern brethren, and most writers upon
the subject, think, qje indispensable for
the purpose of reformation, and prevent
ing crimes. Besides, the weakness and
injudicious construction of our whole Pen
itentiary edifice,, the ruined and decayed
situationofits badly arranged cells, the in-
termixturo und intercourse with our .citi
zens, to whicljithe employment and occu
pation ofthe convicts necessarily leud; and
the incomplete organization ofthe officers
of tho institution, are all additional ob
stacles to the adoption of tho northern sys
tems. In Auburn State Prison (which is
said to be better conducted titan aity other
in the United States) the convicts are not
ull owed to laugh, dance, sing, run, jump,
use tobacco, or t .ko uny kind of amuse
ment. They are not suffered to look off
their work, to gnzo at spectators, to have
any intercourse with strangers, uud ure
subjected occasionally to solitary confine
ment for a length of time, in dark cells,
upon spare diet. What effect this system
has, in accomplishing the views of. its in
stitution, I mn unable to. say, from an'ig-
norancc of tho annuls of the prison. But
this.much I can say; if the Auburn system,
in all its rigor, is introduced and carried
into effect here, (for the reusons I have al
ready moutioned,) public .opinion must be
subdued, the Penal and penitentiary codes
revised and amended, uud the building
nnd its appurtenances re-modelled and
greatly strengthened. That soli tary con-,
fincmcnt in dark cells, with spare diet will
reform aeulprit (if any thing can)is unques
tionable, from the almost universal testimo
ny ofthose vrho have borne, and those who
have inflicted this punishment. The most
vulnernble.pnrt of a rogue is his belly,nnd he
docs not tob to lead a life of mortification.
He is fond of duiqties, and the indulgence
of his appetites and propensities, in all
probability, first led him to the commis
sion of crime to support them; and there
is nothing he feels more bitterly im eon-
fmeinuiil, than a long course of abstemi
ous living. Idleness, tho pursuit of pleas
ure, aud unlimited liberty of action, are
likewise strong characteristics of a thief;
hard labor,- restraints und decorum, are
their opposites; they ought to be applied.
The unequal apportionment of punibhment
to ollenees, under^ the old burbarous sys
tem ofthe criminal law, prevails almost.in
the same disproportion in the administra-
tion of our present humane code.. Here
the forger, tho horse thief, the perjurer,
the man who is guilty of manslaughter,
burglary, or cattle stealing; the young
trembling thief for his first, and the old,
bold, violent robber, for his second offence*
ull meet with the same punishment, of
four or five yours imprisonment, ut hard
labor, with the same diet, and similqr res
trictions. I am of the opinion that the
sentence of the Judge (by legal enactmont)
in addition to the time und labor should
be made to stute, diet, as.well as light, or
darkness,solitude, or society, according to
the heinou'sness of the crime and .thc char •
actcr'of the offender. A return to a Pen
itentiary shoujd be contemplated with hor
ror, excited by calm, well regulated welj
watched austerity—by the gloom and sad
ness, wisely and intctittonully thrown o-
ver such nn abode. The infliction of cor
poral punishment under, diflerent regulu
tions from those at present established,
would on many occasions (where the char
acter and disposition oi(. convicts are so
various,) he attended with good effects.
Its exercise in the hand's of the keepers
could be restrained from abuse, by the re
gulation of the Inspectors.
If too mild a system ofprison discipline
from any course whutevor, should be 'suf
fered to prevail, the time may arrive, when
men will break in, instead of breaking out
of the Penitentiary, and'wade through fe
lony aud larceny, to better accommoda
tions than they can procure at home.—
Were tho above suggestions put into prac
tice, we should soon find a considerable
reduction in the number of offe nders, hut
it would likewise lead from the abridge
ment of labpr and diminution of numbers,
to a reduction of the profits of the institu
tion. Wlmt then is to be done 1 Slmll Wo
adopt the Auburn system in crteiuto, by
the necessary revision of our -penal code,
and other leghdutivc enactments, finish the
PenitentiaryDuildingiipon a stronger and
better model, and look altogether tci the
reformation of' offenders', dnd thc preven
tion of crimes, as the main objects of ull
regulations upon this subject; undent
hope in time of carrying tho public senti
ment along with 1 us ? Or shall we by in
troducing retrenchments into the adminis
tration of tho affairs ofthe institution; a-
dopting regulations suitable to existing
circumstances, endeavor to carry the ob
jects of reformation and profit both into
effect, and thereby dispose the commu
nity hereafter, to acquiesce in the estab-
merit qf those principles (under the view*
1 6iut I li avc ,
which accompany thorn,
advpcutinir.
1 incline to the Inttur nhu:
IMI per,mid -ion that the adoptiontSj
plan, (howvvci' nDliciotts; when viewed nl
ou a broad scale, would carry witi, •>
expen,v, Which the public 1^*4
under.present impressions n ro u 2>
to encounter ; and tl.ut the latter oft]
increased rigor and economy* ,1
comphsh the views both of the (5?
nnd opponents of this institution
these remarks upon the discipline,1
of this subject, I shall proceed to
fbw observations upon the pecuniar, -1
ttirs and retrenchments of the ostj/fl
merit. At present there are 71 1
in tho Penitentiary employed us follow? 4
8 Wjtagon and Cart makers. ■£]
bra ncli o.l business may, tie considered. I
good one, and will hereafter be more n I
Stable than heretofore, in conatfoaKS
the Urge quantity of the best thnborMl
which the institution has lately been!, I
plied at a very cheap rate.
3 Carriage makers and trimmers, tv,I
w perhaps the most profitable occur, 1.1
iivthe penitentiary, and will continued
5 Windsor chair makers ami Tur»J
Neither of these em ployments can be I I
sklered very profitable, ekeept the tun J
that is done for gins. ,
3 Shop joiners. Tradesmen Of thisikl
caption me indispensable in the in' 1
tion, and are in general employed tc
vantage. ' ** *v
1 Cooper, ami 1 spinning wheel J
reel maker. ^ These trades may both, I
considered lucrative. V
8 Shoe and bdut makers. This bus*,,
has languished and been unprofitaitc(«
some time past. It has lately iiosttwrl
acquired more reputation, and as -nail
worh is now tlone here as in any part tfl
the state ; and if certain contemplated im-l
provements connected with this branch!
of businsss are carried into effect, it irillf
become a very important and iucratim
employment. j
2 Saddlers and harness malm There!
is an increasing demand for tlw matwfacl
turcsof this trade, and the profits ail
considerable, when there is constant!
plofmeiit. I
6 Taylors. All the clothes of the i.
habitants of the Penitentiary, oretnadtij
the taylors* shop, and a good deal of
is done fpr other persons, at fair prict..
6 Gin makers.' This business has Ini
ly been introduced and so far has donee-1
ceeding well. If the demand fur pi
should contiuue unabated, 20 handiil
this employment would earn suffici«tj|
pay nearly one half of the gspencesclitl
institution.
14 Blacksmiths and strikers,
ployment of these tradesmen hereti
cannot be said to have been very advti
geous ; but should the demand for«
eons, (arts and gins, fas is expected)!
tinue, the blacksmiths will always be |
fitablv employed.
3 Painters' The men at this occfl
tion are employed to considerable adntl
tage. ,
1 Segar and snuff maker. Witt
Spanish tobacco—from the trial tha
already been made, one man at this I
nes9 can clear 500 dolla r s annually,
more hands will be employed nt it.ass
as the demand for these manufactures*
Warrant it.
4 Rough hewers These men are i
ployed in preparing timber foi* sup
workmen; and the remaining 7 con
are engaged in necessary menial srri
about and within the. building.
Divine Service, U performed in
Chapel oh Sunday mornings, bv Mr.
pers, and with some visible effect.
Sclv'ols. . The establishment of
on Sundays in .the Penitentiary, in i
tion to'the employment apdv.improreni
of the minds of the connctfctmabM
wise have a tendency to better thfir.
positions, arid assist in the work ol;tW|
motion,.
Expenditures The expenses
institution for the year past
about. 14,060 dollars and the/
very jittle, if any, short of tb/s'*®** ,
more fully appear^In the usual atmiu
tail, which will be made out in ‘’ ni j.
The disadvantages under
tablishmept labors in a pecuniary p j
view, arise from the small tifnflber , I
victs and the weakness, insecunt), j
want of compactness of. every P art d
building* These circumstances n» J
dered necessary, the' espewln'
14,000 dollarsJiir the ^security » n
nngemenfof 71 convicts, ' v ' 10 f arn _J K
dollnrs annually, when ^® r ., f...
ment and safe ikeepingof double tu
ber, (142) who could earn 27,000 ®“
per anhum, an expenditure ot 20,
lars a year only, would be require'',
be an annual profit of 7 OOOdolbi • *1
is evident, because an increase °nn I
her of convicts, would not render i ^1
ry any increase of tho P. ua ,’ "l/I I
only additional expenses for aeep»^ i
additional convicts, would .arise ny;
disbursements for their nitions_a
ing,and the employment of Hirer
deputy keepers' Besides, from .
period (4years) for which sent j
inflicted, it is to be expected tn
servitude of one fourth of the . ,
(■•fter becoming good workmen,
ble of earning 200 dollars annual^
expire every year, and that th P f
will be supplied by an n i'p a c<
raw, inexperienced "hands, wno w , j
siderable time cannot eafrn more tn ]
PC Ai ni these facts are eusceptihlc^
clearest demonstration, ar , ? pnC x|
that heretofore, tori much nas
ted from this institution, ftS J scn
emoluments. The building P e „iei
not calculated to contain with c ■ ^
trioro than 90 convicts, a ” da . 1 o °“ mbcr.f^l
an increase much bcyoud^thi ”V cre a;5
in-time maybe expected hoty » toC!( -c^
of population,) it will be ne ,
the additional wing w l” ch *' .Z sco^ 1
u P on _. io d<
complete the edifice. -. M
cheapness, there could ^ P^|
prQpltiotn for this undertake
m