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STATE RIGHTS and EXITED STATES
RIGHTS.
§tott»av<)ofgK£tw u.
*J J* jriera?* •/" lAe I nion art our friends,and it
enemies, our enemies.”
xwxi&awo.airscaiAim:
TUESDAY APRIL 9s.
ft R.MER3 BANK OF C H ATTA HOOCH EE.
By ntetter received by n gentloniat: m this City,
date! aUColunibu*. on the 22d inst. we karu that
*hr Farmer* Bauk u( Chattahoochee haa Hopped
payaaeat.
THE B ATTLE OF PEA RIVER.
Wo pabtish to day from the Columbia Enqui
rer. the very interesting letter of Doctor Wellborn,
wa*aini«£ a detailed account of the late brilliant
Mtnpnign iu Alabama, which tin* Iweti conducted
with on ranch ability and sure*** by hit gallant
kiutmaa. General William Wellborn, a native o f
Georgia, but now a tiflaea of Alabama.
The battle of Pea River w it a real Jackton
Ight. and rtfleett immortal credit upon thnwe n ho
participated in its danger and it* glory ; and we
additional pride and exultation that the spirit
«f Georgia wet there.
The Franklin troop ha* shed n new lustre upon
their awn name*, and the military character of
their State, and justly entitled themselves to the
appellation of soldiers and patriots.
•ale of the public lands.
ft is much te be regretted that Congress has not
adopted some judicious net for arresting to a great
■oatent. the tale of the public lands.
At is kaown to every one at all conversant with
the subject, that the sales of the publie lands by
the Uwted States, have, for several years past,
far oacaeded the wants of actual settlers—
that the far greater portion of those which have
been sold, ha**been purchased, and many of them
eiiH held by speculators, who have made, and
* re still making enormous fortunes by selling out
at from one hundred per cent upon the original
♦ost. sod perhaps to five hundred, in many instan
■oos. By their combinations, individual purchas
ers have beta driven out of the market altogether,
er forced to become second purchasers at such
prices as the speculators have chosen to piescribe.
Shall aa evil of such magnitude longer exist?
Bitall the public domain, intended by the benefi
eienee of oar government, for the use of her honest
and industrious yeomenry, at a cheap and equita
ble price; for the occupancy and enjoyment of
the men who pay the cages and fight the battles of
their coaatry, he thrown into the hands of a few
wealthy and sharp sighted individual.? We trust
not; and we look to the prudent foresight and
acknowledged sagacity of President Van Buren,
*» apply the remedy. Over this subject. Con
gres*4as wisely delegated to tht Chief Magistrate,
avers wide discretion. It is for him to judge and
•ai vhen a«d where, and in what quantities
"* + ’* I , ' "*• • h ’ ll be brought into market, and
If wo ''ct in this view, it is amply within the
•e«pt power to suspend the sales, until such
Hurrews their resumption shall be demanded by the
wawts ol the people.
Burtbere are «A(,r considerations which in ottr
jodgment, imperiously require a change upon this
•abject. By the course of Mr. Calhoun and his
'Mlowem, as manifested in their late support of the
‘TavW, and of a anrplus revenue for distribution,
we ha*e but slender hopes of a speedy reduction of
that onerous system of taxation, and as the revenue
to the Government has been greatly increased by
the sale of the public lands, there seems nt pres
ent. no means of effecting a diminution hut by a
■aspaoiion of sales, so long as such a course shall
-be consistent with the public interests.
For onrtelv** w* cannot doubt that such a
wonrie of policy may be adopted by the Chief
"Magistrate. It will be a measure fraught with in
ealeelable advantages to our country, ft will en
able our honest and industrious fellow citizens to
obtain good land* at *nch time as thev may need
them, eutdown tho revenne to an extent which
will sileaee the distributing party, and leave the
•peculators to direct their operations, and appro
priate their fund* to wlher objects.
VALASCO HERALD?”
We have just received the Valasco Her
uld, published at Valasco in Texas, by our
late Townsman, Lewis M. H. Welling
ton, Esq.
ar * much gratified at the principles
■which it lay* down as the leadins point,
in its political creed, and are proud to find,
that wherever republican principles exist,
the name of Thomas Jefferson stands con
epicuous. The Herald has based its pol
itical course upon the doctrines of this
illustrious patriot, who is deservedly styled
in every country where liberty is known,
•nd enjoyed, as the father of democracy.
Success to the Herald—success to Texas
—success to Liberty— and success to our
old acquaintance, Lewis M. 11. Washing
ton. b
wd Isst nf Failures in New York City, fur
nished us by a Commercial House of Has
place.
J. L. 4 $. Joseph—Stebbins & Brothers—
"“ ‘•‘l’ft Benedict 4 <■«—D.vid N. Lord—
?- 4,.“. ,l,ot & en —Bill, Oglion 4 ce.—Wnt.
M. Tilhston A. co.-J. W. Haley 4 co.—Post,
? lT \ Phillip. 4 Mi Kay-
Finldmm 4 Ihn—Smith & Town-Bm he 4
Mclver*—F. J. Wunant—Ruler, McNeill 4
eo.—Thompson L. Dav ton—Stiayhn 4 Loaf
brft*-K''nl*rty & -Foote, Sterling 4 co.
-C. B. Gronnis 4 co. R. H. Osgood 4 co.
I* » nC * * ‘‘‘’•—Little. Straw 4 co—
Hallock 4. Bates—Cornelius Baker 4 co.
J. 4 L. Bruster 4 co—J. 4 L. Hickerson-
Isaac Osgood—Oliver Woodruff— Far 4 For-
Bnttker, Hoof 4 Wilson—Phkin, Burr
4 Pisdale—Ch*. D Fount—Fullerton 4 Pick
ering—House 4 Sayer—Jacob 8. Platt E. 4
W. Hall-Davenport Hirkoff-J. 4 A. Brown
3. 4 A. Lowry—J. B. Glenove.ck 4 co.
Girard 4 Hopkins—Montgomery Lankin—
J. Taylor— Knapp, Burke 4 co.—B. C.
Bryrkoff—Ehenezcr Jessep—-Joseph L, Cur
tis—E. M. Morgan 4 co.—B. Farms 4 co.—
3. F. 4 T. Stores—Houghton, Bonrman 4
Nohb>— Waly 4 Plymptty*—Lineun St Stesr-
art—James Hill—J. 41?. Striker 4 co.—Alien
D. Lockwood— J. E. Morgan—W. E. Lnw
rente—-Rhodes, Wood 4 co.—Gurney, Con
uort 4 Son—Auger, Burgg 4 co.—Granger,
Burch 4 co.—Marcus Miller—Mnlthty 4
Bubbes— M. Judson—Tas lor, Little 4 co.-
Brands, Murray 4 Gallagher—J. R. St. John
4 cu.-—Baley, Keeler 4 Kentpson- Nelson,
Cliailetou 4 co.—Austin, Milvitt 4 co.—Wm-.
ran 4 Biirh—\\ right, Winson 4 Steb
bins— Bostwick 4 Taylot—B. 4M. Alim.—
Preserved Fislu—-Barker 4 Mmgan.-—Ar
hur Tappan ond company—Roltiti Shi th--
Shipman, Crane 4 co.—Chunirill, Soutlnvnyd
4 Co.—Comstock, Raker 4 co.—Baker, John
son 4 co.—Evans 4 Carman.—Wanzer 4
Harrison.—Halsey 4 Ultec,—.Bureani 4 c 0...
Downer 4 CO.—• Clark 4 Mead.—Nelson.
Carlton 4 co.—-Hamilton 4 Cole.—Ed. Kel 1
log 4 co; 93.
At a m-eting of the Commissioner* appointed
by ihc Act of Ib3<>, held at Alexandria, Lie couti
iy. April Ist. 1837, Walter 1 . Campbel), E»q., w.t*
appointed Ch.urmuii, ami Alexandria Sdioiwell.
Si cretnry.
The met bag bring called to order, and t‘ • <>l
jevt of the same stated, it was.
Rtiol.e , That the second meeting of said Com
niissioaers. accorditiu t > said act,he held at Ale,
audria on the 2d Monday in October next.
That Cl r stopher F. Trickling. Alex. Do ard.
and Green Tiu»ley, be the three of said Commis.
sioner* appointed ns superintendents, w • are to
proceed with the work it* accordant• with said
act.
That the sum of three thousand dollars br
pleaced in the hand* of F. Trickling, to be
drawn by him in the same ratio, and the ?a no way.
as is pointed out by the net for the disbur»e
ment of the whole amount—aud the remainder to
be used by the superintendents of the lower part ol
the river, who are to commence at tho first shoal,
and work up the river
That the superintendent who takes charge of
the lower part of the river, remove the shoals suf
ficiently for the passage of boats; and that th.
superintendent who take* charge of the upper
part, remove the logs ,&c. as far and fully as the
amount designated ihall enable him to do---
commencing nt the Agency mid working dowu.
In case of death, resignation, or otherwise, ol
eith< r of the siipcriuteudcnts before mentioned,
appointed to take charge of the lower part of the
river, that Leonida* Mercer be appointed to fill hi*
place. And in case of death, resignation, or other
wise. of both, that Felix Ament he appointed as
an associate superintendent with said Mercer.
And in case of death, or resignation, of lhe super
intendent who tnkeschnrge of thcuper part, that
Nathaniel Bradford be appointed to that sta'ion.
Commissioner* present: I raneis Bacon, Na
, thanicl Bradford. Benjnmin Griffin, Green Tin
slev, John W. Cowart. Alexander Dennard, Felix
I Arnot. Hohert Burt. James 11. Cox, Alex. Shot
' well, and waiter 1.. Campbell.
i At the close of the meeting. John W. Cowart.
Esq., protested against the plan of operation, and
i resigned his appointment as Commissioner of
■ Flint river ; and by a unanimous vote of the body
present, John C. Sheffield was appointed to fill
I the vacancy.
Resolred, That the foregoingprocecdi tigs he
i published.
W. L. CAMPBELL. Chairman.
I A. Shotwell. Secretary, ■
| April 18. 18.37.
[From the Savannah Georgian, of April 16,]
LATEST FROM FLORIDA.
By the steam packet George Washing-
I ton, Capt. Nock, from Garey’s Ferrv via
i Jacksonville, we have received the Jack
' sonville Courier of Thursday last, Extracts
from it will be found subjoined.
In addition, we learn from passengers itt
the G*org.’ Washington, tha an express
from Gen. Jesup, arrived at Jacksons ille on
Thursday las with dales of the 7th, Inn noth
ing d -finite wa» gleam d from him. One of
the in lelinite reports was that neither Philip
or Oscola had come in nor was Abraham in
camp wh» n the Express left.
Gen. Jesup, it is said, adviaes the citizens
not to r« turn to their homes until he an
nounces that it mo Id be safe, and, to pre*
vent colli-ions in regard to property of lhe
1 whites in the possession of tie Indians, w hich
would probalilv lead lo rene wed hostilities,
Gen. J. it is reported, will not permit any
citizen to approach within 15 miles of his
Encampment.
The intelligence from Tomolta i» far
front encotir :ginir, and we, are, we confess,
at some loss to divine the cause of Gen.
Hernand z’s movement, unless it is in pur
suance oforders received from Gen, Jesup,
based on information whi< h has not been
divulged to the public. Perhaps lhe dila
tory course of many with their failure to
comply with lhe Articles of the Capitida
tion; or their appearance, in some forces al
iTontokn, has caused the movement.
Tone will inform ns. Until then, we
must be content tn hope that Fiori In will
soon be deliver! d of her race, who have
hitherto reta-ded he prosperity, and destroy
ed the cherished happiness of her enterpri
sing population.
[From H e Jacksonville Courier, 13/A*W.]
From the best information received at
this place, we think the Indians are nio-tlv
retiri >g front the Alachua section, where
they have hitherto so often si.owed thern
stlves.
Lt. Col Mills, in a letter to the Editor,
dated Fo. t Gdliland, /\p il sth, 1837, -a-s
that he has been actively engaged—that he
has been almost constantly on horseback
with strong detachments scouring the emtn
try, and has found no Indians. He ex
presses the hope that all have retired to their
limit* south of the Hillsborough. Col.
Mills will probably r« mnin active in <»e
field during the time our troops are contin I
tied in the service.
Fcom a letter dated Fart Gillila id, April
3d, 1837, from the s line g-iitlema.i to Col.
Warren, we extract the f<dlowing :
“ I returned to this post to-day from the
mustering in of the companies, t ispecting,
4e. and shall have to devote several days'
wiih Captain Webster, incomplete the r dis.
I have scoured out the w hole conn ry north
and west of the Santa Fe, and ahnig the
Suwanee to the mouth of the Santa Fe, and
Itchatuckney, and do not believe there has
been an Indian any where there in a month.
A great many camps were found in the
hammoc which they had occupied and a
bandoned. 1 hope they have all gone in to
Gen. Jesup. Maj. Faunlleory, with two
companies of Dragoons and a train of wag
ons, has arrived here, and goes in the mor
ning to Suwanee Ohl Town. No traces of
Indian* are to be found south of this about
the Prairie,”
From another letter, from the *ame to
the same, dated Fort Gilliland, April 7th,
1837, we extract the following ;
“ Nothing has occurred since my last re
port of any consequence. Scouts are now
out below Wnehahouia, and also down to
Suwanee Old Town.”
In addition to the above, we learn,
that the army ha* marched with the Indi
an* who have surrendered, upon Tampa
Bay,
By the arrival of geutieinen from St.
A««g<i*tine, we learn that Gen. Hernemlet,
with upward* of 200 men, is nt Tomoka.
He went there some days ago, and he has
encamped near the ruins of Judge Dunham’s
buildings. Indian* fires have been seen in
that section, and a few Indians. Some
w< re fired on by a sentinel. One ol the|so|-
diers wandering about three hundred yards
from the encampment of pickets, was shot,
scalped, and his head was cut off. The
steamer Florida which transported those
troops from St. Augustine to that place, is
still there and detained for want of wood,
('apt. Holme, of the sloop Splendid, being
also employed in the transportation, has
been ordered back to St. Augustine, and
directed to take in wood at the latter place
for the Florida.
Reports say that there are Indians in
considerable force in that neighborhood—
and Gen. Hernandez is prevented by them
from cutting wood for the Florida—and
that therefore he S'-nt to St. Augustine for
it, utc. We doubt if their are many Indi
ans in that section now. If our forces, up
on their debarkation at Tomoka, had spread
to the breeze lhe white flag, the Indians,
mile s decidedly lio>tile, would, in all prob
ability, have in a peaceable manner visited
the General.
So contradictory arc the reports respec
ting this movenieni of Gen Hernandez, that
we can state very little, for the accuracy of
w hich we can vouch.
From the sam.\
Through the politeness of Cid. Warren,
and Maj. Hart, we are favored with an at
tested copy ot the articles of peace lately en
tered into by the Seminole t hiefs and Jes
ip, and also a copy nf a letter from Gen.
Jesup to Col. Warren—both of which* are
in onr paper of to-day.
We have nothing later from that quar
ter.—The tenth of April is past. Whether
lhe next intelligence we receive will he
that lhe main body of Indians is al Tampa
bay preparatory to removal is problematic-
Stroll ing parties acknowledging no au
thority of the chiefs, it is expected will still
remain in the country to do mischief if pos
sible. These must be hunted, out, or <ntr
settlements will not lie safe.
A detachment ol Capt. Dell’s company
returning on 1 uesdny last from a scouting
expedition, reported two hundred mule* and
four Indian poneys taken in Payne’s Prai
rie.
Head Quarters, Army of the South, >
Fort Dade, March 297 h, 1839. j
Colonel —leticlote you a copy oflhe ca
pitulation entered into by the chiefs of the
Seminole Nation in behalf of themselves
and the nation, which it would perhaps be
beneficial for the information of the people.
By one of the articles you will obsrve
that the Indians are to remove to the South
of lhe Hillsborough river by the Ist of
April. 1 he«chiefs, lam sure, a e anxious
to fulfil their engagements, hut their are no
doubt many parties of Indians strolling ovt r
the Country regardless of the authority ol
the chiefs. I hey should be driven out,
and I have to request that you keep your.
Territorial troops as actually employed as
pos-ible in scouring the country within the
settlement* confided to your protection. I
will give similar instructions to Lt. Col.
Crane.
There is no disposition qji the partof the
great body of the Indians to renew hostili
ties; and they will, I am sure, faithfully
fulfil their engagements if the inhabitants of
the Territory be prudent ; but any attempt
to seize their negroes or oilier properly,
would followed by an instant resort to arms.
I have some hopes efinducing the Indians
ami the Indi in iiegrui-s to unite in bringing
in the negroes taken iiom the citizens du
ring lhe war.
I am, Colonel,
most respectfully,
yourob’t serv’t
TIIOS. S. JESUP.
Major Gen. Coru’ng.
Col. J. Warren,
Com ng F lorida Militia ami Volunteers,
J cksoimlle, Florida.
From the Savannah Georgian.
LATEST F.iOxM FLORIDA, viaST. AU
GUS 1 L\E.
The j»lot boat Sarah JI. Capt. Low, arriv
ed yesterday afternoon from St. Augustine.
We are indebted to a passenger in the Sarah
Al. for a copy of Gen. Jesup’s lucent order,
which is as follows:
Head Quartets Army of the South, I
Tampa Bay, sth April 1837. J
ORDERS, No. 79.
l»t. The commanding General has reason to
believe that the interference of unprincipled
whitemen, with the negro property ot the Sem
inole Indians, if nut immediately checked, will
prevent their emigration and lead to a renewal
of lhe war. Responsible as he is for the peace
and security of the country, he will not permit
such interference tinder any pretence whatso
ever; and he therefote orders, that no wiiite
maa, not in the service ot the United States,
be allowed t<> enter any part of the Territory,
between the St. Julius’ rivet and the Gulf ol
] Mexico.
| 2d. The Inspector General will cause ’ll
| merchant or transport vessels arriving in this
harbour to he immediately examined, and the
name* of -ill individuals on board to be register
ed. No one will be allowed to come on shore,
except for the transaction of public business.
Vessels from whence any individual shall be
i landed contrary to this order, or on board of
which spirituous liquors may bo found, will be
immediately sent off, and shall not be employed
in the public service.
31. All negroes now at this place, the pro
perty of citizens of the U. Stafs, will be sent
to St. Marks. The Inspector General will fur
nish Lieutenant Vinton, a list of them with
tueir owners names; Lieutenant Vinton will
give notice o their owners’, to take charge of
them immediately.
Bv order of Major Gen. Jesup,
(Signed) J. A. CHAMBERS,
Lieut. A. D. C. 4 A. A. Gen’l.
J. E. Johnson, Lt. 4 A. A.S.
Oj/ice of the Bee, >
New Oai.UANS, April 11. (
COL- RICH ARD M. JOHNSON.
We have heard with Rrcat pleasure, that a let
ter ha* been received, announcing that Col. R. M.
Johnson, the Vico President, will probably bo in
this city in the course of twelve days. Tho high
position occupied by Col. Johnson, as well an the
military service* fan has rendered to hi* country,
will render hi* visit particularly gratifying to our
citizen*, a* it will afford them an opportunity of
testifying the high consideration they entertain for ,
him.
LATEST FROM MEXICO. 1
Bythetcbr. Water Witch, arrived yesterday I
STANDARD OF UNION.
from Matamoras, we have received our regular
files of paper* to the 17th March. 'They are bar
ren of any important intelligence.
We ar,< informed by the Captain of the Water I
Witch, thnt there were about 4000 men in Mata
moras, destined to operate agaiust Texas; but
that tbeir numbers we, e daily deci easing by deser
tion. They were in a most miserable situation,
without the necessaries oi'liie, aud completely dis
couraged and worn down by fatigue. The inva
sion ot Texns is thus rendered quite a matter ol
doubt, but should ibis eiifoebled force get there,
the result maybe predicted with unerring ceitaiu-
D-
The Diariodel (fohierno state* that the inde
pendence of the Repulilie of Mexico had been at
'eugth acknowledged by the holy liege. The poll
. till" was about to send a nuiscio to the Repulilie.
A vessel frotrt Bordeaux hail arrived, on board
' of which there werft six ecclesiastics, one of w horn
I was the Rev. Father Alpuche,
Great apprehension* were entertained in-Mata
moras of an Indian invasion. It was believed
there, that 801)1) Indians were iu the vicinity, w ith
1 hosti'e intentions.
■ The Mexican authorities had avenged them
selves for the treatment experienced by one of
| their vessels in the port ot Havatina. and had
. compelled a Spanish vessel to haul dow n her na
tional colours before sufl'ei ing her to enter.—The
Diaro expresses the belief that these points of eti
quette will he adjust, d satisfactorily between the
| two nations, now that the mdepetidance of Mexi
co has been acknowledged.
The Water Witch brings S4OOO iu sp>-eie, con
signed to Bienaiuie Dupeyre.
Office of the True American, J
NEW ORLEANS, April 11. j
Confidence doe* not revive in the least. Th*
failure of the Express Mail is now of u<> great
consequence to us. It can bring us hut bad news,
and attempts oh the partof niaired men and mo
nied institutions to profit by the present derange
ment in trade. The issuing ol hotid* ot post notes
In this city hail been talkedol. hu whether it will
he efleeted is doubtful. Money is as scarce as ev
er. The practice is obtaining of suffering tube
protested all acceptances wHch the acceptors
h ive not been placed iu funds to meet. This w ill
relieve in some measure the onus upon onr com
mmiity, and transfer it to other parts of the Union,
to he horne by those who have assisted in overtra
ding. But the scheme is not in accordance w ith
the great rules of commerce. It may work great
er evils than it is intended to remedy.
Meantime produce!* failing. Flour, it will be
seen has receded one dollar. Cotton is a met*
dgng. We hear of a small sal* of middling quali
ty as low as 6f cents. Out business season may
be considered as having received a check that it
cannot recover from. What reinnins to ba done
will only he the dragging on l of heavy transactions
required by the neees-ities of the times. Our le
vee does not present the animated sight it former
ly did.
We hear of a sale of 100 hlnls. Sugar. Ist qual
ity. 6| cents; fit) bbls Molasses 3.3 cis; 100 bbls
Flour at $7 ; Pork will not go off at quotations
readily ; we note a sale of 100 bills of prime ill
815; and 200 da. of mess at $lB ; nominal prices
are 15 and S2O A sale of 50 hhds Bacon, con
-isting of hams nt 10J cis ; shoulders. 8 ; sides at
114 cts. —a sale of ItM) kegs at this rate. Whis
key in large quantities will not go off oven at .34
cts; we hear of a sale of 300 bhls at .35—choice.
Coffee is very dull, the very best llavaiina is held
at 11 al2 cts—wehearof no sale*. Salt. G. A.
eoes stcadilv for consumption at 8275. Ricecon
tinnes dull at 4 ct*. a sale of 50 casks. Corti—4ooo
bushels at 55 cts. Oat*—2oo bushel* at 50 cts.
Hay—Bo tons yesterday at $25
Fall of Flout. — There is hKeiy lobe a snluta
ry fall of prices in the provision market. Flour
has fallen at Alexandria to seven dollar*. In this
city the sales are very dull, the quotations are
nominal. Small sale* of North River flour have
been made at $9 25 as 9 50. Richmond county
aud Baltimore city-mills at $8 75.
A’. Y. Times, 14fA inst.
From the Niw Orleans Bee.
THE DISTRESS ANDTHEAL
LEGED CAUSE.
True to their vocation of mi»represetition,
the opposition papers for the most part are
in full chase alter the late administration,
charging it with being the cause of the
prevailing distress, and its concomitant
evils. I’he habit has become so confirmed
with them of making broad assertions and
declaiming upon false premises, that we
find this accusation like many others that
proceeded it, made without an iota of proof,
or a single solitary substantial argument.
File Bank of lhe United States is still the
measure of their song ; but how its agency
could have averted the difficulties, or pre-'
vented lhe embarrassments, is no where ex
hibited. The manner ofeslablishiitg a fact,
may do well enough for such persons as do
not give themselves the trouble to refl cl
upon opinions before they embrase them,
tint the well itif'i-ined and enlightened must
itrve something tangible to justify lhe con
clusions they may form upon lhe subject.
Ihe U. S. Bank has for some time been
dissolved as a government institution, al
ibougli it still exists with greater ptitilege
ny a king ol fiction as a local hank. If the
di-tress be fairly chargeable to the metam
orphosis it has undergone, we should have
supposed the vety moment the change took
place, the fruits oflhe measures of the gov
ernment would have been felt.
Bn how was it? it is’ well known, that
•he country at that time was never in a
more prosperous condition, no was capital
ever so easily obtained. Nor can it he al
leged that this was owing to the clemency
of the B ntk, ora disposition on its part, to
abandon the policy it pursued duri g the
celebrated pani< excitement, for it is also a
matter of histon, that the Bank did make
ait expringe effnt to convulse the country 1
a few- mouth before its charter expired ; but
that it was happily<friislratetl in this attempt
by the sagasity an.l foresight oflhe secre-j
tary of lite treasury who lores tw the storm
th at was brewing and plased the deposits '
banks in such a situation as to render them
competent to meet the expected emergency.
Tin* vast capital that has been obtained by
the commercial comniimity subsequent to
that period, exhibits lhe fact, that the bank
oflhe United States was not more compe
tent to afford facilities than the state institu
tions ; and if the former panic be attrilm
table to a leuilimate necessity for the U. I
S. Bank to curtail its favors, in order to <
protect itself from a possible danger, we do '
not see why the local banks may not be pre- '
sinned to have acted from a similar motivt
without alleging their inabiliiy any more <
than of the U. S. Bank at that period to
provide for the public wants. The con
clusions as therefor that may be formed to
the prejudice of the former must upply " itl> 1
equal force to the latter, unless the position
oflhe advocates oflhe Bank be abandoned,
that the pressure was the result of necessity,
ami not of deliberate choice as is assumed
by the enemies of that institution. That a
national bank cannot fore»ee and preven
the evils proceedings from the vicissitude
incidental to trade; and the various shock:
ti. which it is liable, is evidently proved, by
a fact before our very eyes. England i
suffering at this moment perhaps more that
we are from commercial distress; and ye
she has a national bank. What folly is i ?
then, for man, who professes to be intelli- d
I gent, and pretended lo be fair and candid
|in their opinions, to state a proposition
i which is disproved by the state of things in
another country where an institution exi-ts
similar to the one the gravely tell us would
have prevented our misfortune had il been
in operation.
We do not wish to recur to the vexed and
I somewhat stale question of the U. States
. Bank. We had hoped the decisite action
<»i the American people had forever put the
. subject at rest; but it seems the ghost of
t the departed monopoly is to b ■ invoked on
every occasion, and is to be brought before
j our eyes let us turn them which ever we
, may.
It is somewhat remarkable that in the
- zeal the opposition show to identify the ad
i ministration with the derangement of the
currency, they should have overlooked that
. litischievous and unfortunate law appropri-
I' ating the surplus r< venue, by which a large
• portion of capital has been locked up until
the several states shall determine to what
, purpose it shall be applied. We say this
• is remarkable, because the opposition pa
per* pretend to be governed by sucli prin
ciples of honor and integrity; and hold in
such horror all attempts to impose upon
the people. Her>- won hl be a subject for
them to declaim upon—for them to express
their keen sen-ibilities, ami with that ardor
, of patriotism which they profess, to inveigh
t it until il be repealed. But why are
• they here so silent ? The cause is obvious:
' it is one of their own measures, and altho’
, the country is suffering from it—although
I it is establishing a fatal precedent—altho’
tiny have seen th< difficulties which sttr
' round any legitimate use of it-r —that every
[ county and parish of the slate was after it*
modicum, and that the Whole amount was
subdivided into a thousand parts in order
to gratify the rapacity of all, still there is
not one word against the policy— --not one
word concerning it—or one word exhibit
i ing its fat<il influence in occasioning the
1 derangement of the currency.
V\ hat faitidul expounders of the cause
that have produced lhe present unfortunate
state of things, and what disinterested
1 guardians of lhe public weal.
MOBILE, April 10th.
Affrays, Pistols and Dirks.—U is high time tha
pies» ui this city should speak out, and the people
should act, auu that, too, effectively against the
murderous sceues winch me now ahno-1, if not
quite, nightly occurring among us. li the present
state ot things is •ilowed lo pass along with that
indulgence winch has permitted it to come upon
u», the person of no one will be secure against as
saults with deadly weapons. The Theittr will lie
a place ol no resoit for peaceful enjoyment and
pleasure, aud our public bar rooms, if not our pub
lic streets, will be entered by no one unprotected
by weapons of death.
, Wo have made these remarks at this time, in
consequence of the many scene* of a most tragic
nature, which have recently been transacted here.
15ut a short time since, a man was badly stallbed
in the saloon of the Theatre. Nothing was done
• about it. 'The affair passed oft'. Since that we
huve heard of many transactions of a similar na
ture, which have taken place iu one paj of the
city and another. But within the past walk there
lias been an uncommon number of these scenes of
bloodshed. On Wednesday night, a mail by the
name of Snow, a gambler, was shot in a house of
ill fame, by a man u-nued Johnson. No arrest,
we understand was had. Know died on Saturday
morning, and Johnson has decamped. It i* said
tiigt Snow cut Johnson with a knife, before the
latter shot him. On Saturday uight, a slili mor*
tragic scene, if possible, (because it was m a more
important and responsible place,) was enacted at
the Theatre. The house was ciowded to a jam,
(it being on the occasion of Celeste's liemfit,) and
it was difficult getting a s nt in any part of the
Theatre. During the evening, a young gentle
man who had gone out of the Farquette returned
to go down to his seat again, without a check.
, The man who received and gave out the cheeks,
Mr. Kellum, refused to let him pass. Some words
■ of an angry nature ensued: hut finally the young
man went dow n into die Parqnette. He after
ward* went out again, and again returned, but
, was obstructed in Ins way dow n the steps from the
dress tier to the Farquette, by Mr. Kellum. \
, scene ensued in which Kellum got badly stabbed
with a large dirk-kuife, and tho young man got
one of his fingers so mangled by a pistol-ball, that
immediate amputation was found necessary. Kel
| lum bled inwardly very much, and for some time
yesterday morning, his case was deemed hopeless;
■ lie however, began to throw blood freely off bis
, stomach, ami the physicians found in this circnm
[ stance a gleam of hone that be might recover.
Up io last evening, he had his senses—was almost
free from pain—but win in a very dangerous and
' doubtful state.
I As the young man is under an arrest and will
. undergo an examination to day, we forbear giving
further parriciilars of a tragic affray, which every
one laments has happened, and which all ourgood
citizens should take prudent ami proper eare shall
not (or any thing like it) be repeated —Mer. Adv.
More Jtulian Dis/urbancos.—luiormtiiion
from Camp Mason, in the Prairies, has been
received at L'tile Rock, Arkansas, con
firming former statements respecting the
hostile intentions of tin Camanches and oth
er wil<l tribes towards lhe whites and friend
ly iridian*. All i< ronunoiion among the
vnrioMs hunting parties oflhe friendly tribes;
they are collecting together with the inten
: tion nf sendinu, as stated their wives and
i children to their homes. The Delawaies
and Shawances have experienced the dis
pleasure of the C imanckes already; some
barely escaped with their lives, losing their
horses and oilier property.
Several white women are prisoners
among tin* Camanclies aud Kiaways, and
can scarcely be ransomed at any price.
Open luistiliti*-- xt;e anticipated, which it is
feared may light up the whole frontier with
the flames of savage warfare.
From the Columbus Enquirer.
WELLBORN’S CAMPAIGN.
Our readers will find iu the following
letter, an interesting aud correct account
of the late movements, battles, 4c. of the
indefatigable mid patriotic Col. Wm. Well
born.—The writer of the letter, Dr L -vi
I’. Wellborn, belongs to the medical staff
•>f his persevering kinsman, and took a
land, as he always does on such occasions
n every difficulty and danger that present
’d itself. The account may therefore be re
lied on, as coming from one cover.ant with
ill he states, ami who, “in a fight or out
if il,” knows full well all that is passing.
IRWINTON, 2Gih March, 1837.
1 have just returned from a considerable
urnpnign. 1 left here on Thursday the
)th ult. accompanying Gen. Wellborn who
oinmands the Troops against the Creeks
is Colonel. We proceeded l<» Montgome
y, for the purpose of seeing all lhe Indi
ns safety conveyed to that place, and also
o see if we could detect any oflhe perpe
rators of mischief, lo bring them to justice. I
/inding it impossible we left there on Tues- I
day evening, «tld the next day came to I
Capt. Broadnax’s company: having un
derstood that there were Indians on the
Creek above u* we proceeded in search
of them, Intvina ten of Capt. Jones and
Capt. Broadnax's companies. After swing
ing the Citbaliatchy, we scoured the swamp
for 10 miles, encountering mud, waler and
hammock growth of all kinds. Not find
ing Indians we left there for the Eufaulee,
Capt’s. Farrall and Boyd's companies be
ing ordered to meet us there—Capt Far
rall met us but Capt. Boyd brought about
12 men, it being necessary for his Lieu
tenant and the rest of hi* men to look out
some scattering Indians in their own set
tlement: to them we added Jones’ men.
We searched in vain on Sundar, scouring
J3ig Swamp for Indians, which were re
ported to have left Sloane’s mule that was
taken by the Indians at the Mill, where
they killed my negro boy. The next mor
ni‘ig, penetrating the swamp opposite Col
lin’s, for near half a mile, we heard ’the
report of several rifles and supposing them
signal guns, *e halted, tied otir horses and
formed our battle line, marching from the
head of three companies, passing through
the swamp, discovered the Indians, enter
ing a deep hollow and meeting us to our
left. The Colonel with that peculiar in
trepidity which he possesses so great a
share, threw a company on each hill and
placing lhe other to intercept them from the
swamp, ordered a charge. The Indians
taking to flight ran across, a field and en
tered a swamp, they being in a scattered
condition at the com ; encement of the fight.
It appeared that w hat we took for signal
guns was an attack on the house.of Mr.
Ellison; the Indians had set fire to his house
which Mr. Reynolds observing, started to
put out, without his negroes accompanying
him: they were met bj the Indians, and a
negro girl 15 year* old shot in the head.
They pursued the overseer with two dogs,
ex ei took and killed him, shooting at seve
ral of the negroes who made their escape.
The Indians were about 40 in number,
from what the oegroes say, we did not see
more than half that number. We killed
the Lochipoka Chiefaud wounded some o
thers. We had two men badly wounded.
Our officers all behaved well, and our men
moved up with alacrity, but it being the first
engagement with many of them, shot ra
ther badly, we trailed them into the ham
mock that evening until night, when it
commenced raining a heavy fall of rain
which continued until next day, when we
swam lhe Creek, searching above and be
low. On Wednesday we entered a hur
ricane hammock, winch if it was described
by a W. Irving and represented by West in
bis best paintings, could not give you the
least idea of the difficulty of penetrating it.
Just think of a la. ge swamp of heavy tim
ber, torn up by the roots and thrown in all
directions across each other a few years a
go, long enough for scrubby brushes, bri
ms and vines of ail kinds, to grow up as
thick as it is possible for it to grow, it be
ing marshy in places. The trees lay piled
up, and vines with bamboo briars covered
them, so that it was dangerous to pass over
them, being sometimes 10 or 15 feet high.
We pushed ourselves through near a mile
and crossed the Creek, found ourselves
inoutniiiga hill of about 140 feel high. Ha
ving with difficulty reached lhe top, w e
were struck with the romantic appearance
of a sharp high ridge putting into and stop
ping, suddenly in a large swamp. The
wind lias prostrated the trees and thousands
of bushes had supplied their places, which
afforded us aid in ascending antj descend
ing. We descended on the north side af
ter surveying the surrounding swamp' be
low, to see if we could discover the campol
file enemy, but seeing none, we were again
buried in the logs and bushes, and passing
down into the fork of the Creek al the dis
tance of 200 yards: we came across about
30 or 40 camps, which had been erected
about ten days previous, one <if the most
complete hiding place n the world, where
they were fortified as strong as Gibraltar.
By means of lhe mount, coui I have wat
ched lhe approach of the enemy, having
their own secret pass ways, and aided bv
logscoul I have retreated and 20 men might
have well contended against a host. We
entered the hurricane iu the morning and
returned to our horses in the evening,
with our skins topfi, to say nothing of loss
of clothes. Retnrning in the direction
of Stone’s place on the old road, we dis-
covered fresh sign, but being late we con
tinued mi to that place, to hasten on some
troops lo the Cowigees, where Capt. Jon< s
bad discovered the trails of a number of
Indians who had been doing mischief ■ leav
ing Capt. Broadnax and ordering Capt.
Guilder to repair to his assistance, also
sending Capt. Boyd home to preserve his
own neighborhood. The Colonel with
Capt. H. and company, immediately set out
for Pea River, having obtained information
from Capt. Jones, that a large body of In
dians had left the Cowigees for that river
which he was in pursuit of, aided by the
Georgia Troops. Travelling about 8 miles
we encountered the Cowigees awhile in the
mght, having about a mile of mud and wa
ter to pass; we swam the Creek, it was swift
and beat us down, but we obtained the
bank at length ami pursued our way till
next morning. We stopped to feed, and
momitingotir horses came to Hobdv’s bridge j
on Pen River about 12 o’clock, a distai.ee i
of 75 miles. When we arrived, we found !
the Indians laying waste the country around,
killiugand burning wherever they went, and’
the inhabitants flying in all directions.
Capt. Morris, the commander of the Geor
gia Troops had fallen from his horse while ■
at Montgomery and had not yet joined his
company, the command of which devolved
mi Li nt. Ash a persevering and brave of
ficer, assisted by that itHrepi i officer, Capt.
Cleveland, who is an ornament to any
corps. They had united u ith Capt. Jones
and closely pursued lhe Indians from the
Cowigees to this place. They had gone i
out to reconnoitre lhe situation of the ene- I
my. Passing up the west batik five miles i
mid wading the river about a mile to the i
main sluice we distinctly heard them beat
ing their sotky. From th“ir noise and the ’
trail they made, supposed them to be up- i
wards of 200 strong, having women and <
children. The Colonel on arriving, taking a <
guide, cross the bridge, going up the east
bank aud crossing the fork went to the I
houses that were burning and making all s
the discoveries he could, return after dark s
to p|qq w nttget tbc next day. Having
• posted strong guards to prevent them from
• making tbeir escape during the night, retir
i ed to rest—rising early and taking break-
I fast he paraded{iiis for*e* He assigned the
• commandon the west side to Capt. Harrall,
i being assisted by Capt’s White and Smith,
i two pit ked up companies being citizen* col-
■ lecled. On the east bank the Col. took the
, immediate command, expecting to make the
■ attack and do most of the fighting, while
. those on the west were to prevent them from
t crossing the main since and receive them if
. they should cross ever. In order to un
i derstand the nature of the fight, you must
■ know there was a swell in the river and at
. the fork of it, it is two miles wide, varying
r from shore deep lo ten feet, having sluices
. of running water very wide and tolerably
s swift. The Indians were encamped on the
> bank of the main river in the fork, on a
. slip of dry land 200 yards long, by from 20
. to 50 jards wide at a bend of the river
; which bent east. They had fallen a log to
i aid them to pass the river. '1 hey had
I passed over on the west, for the purpose of
» destroying property and murdering, when
i they met Capt. H. on the edge of the water
■ and commenced firing and yelling at a
r dreadful rate ; Capt. H. forming part of his
■ men, was deserted by all of Capt. White’s
i men hut himself and 10, and all of Smith’s,
I but the Capt. himself, aiso ( some of H’s men
> left him ; he contended a while, bu being
> overpowered at last, gave way, having three
' men killed and two badly wounded. In the
I mean time the Colonel taking the Georgia
, and Capt. Jone’s companies, were j«i; ed by
I a few men who had collected, and placing
, themselves under the command ol'Capt. John
■ M. Moore, had crossed into lhe fork of the
> river and were in a half mile of the swamp,
whese the fight was raging on the opposite
i bank ; with all haste they imrried to that
, sea of water which lay between them and
, their brothers in arms, contending against
the most savage foe.—Dismounting iu a
, moment, where it was no longer possible to
, title, we (lunged into the water logo to
. the assistanuce or drown in the attempt. It
| was then hearts of some failed who could
. not swim , but some determined to go at all
, liazzards and but for help could never have
i done so. Some trod waler aud some lock
t ed liantl* while olht rs were favored by float-
■ »>g U'g s 5 al 'ril events we went it with a
. rip. Tne great desideratum was to keep
t our guns aud ammuiiiiioii dry, and hww it
, was effected as well as it was, heaven only
. knows A great deal was wet, yet enough
was saved to win one ot the best oi fought
. bailies. With what arrived, the Colonel 1
suppose had near 90 men and the Indians
having returned to tluir camps exulting in
victory, arrived iu lime to meet us. The
Col. on approaching them, formed his line,
exhorting each officer and soldiers to stand
firmly to his trust and to be calm and to
take good, aim. We were compelled to
form mostly in Ute water and below lhe en
emy, with our right wing on the main riv
et, extending out other wing out. We had
but just lornied, when lhe Indians raised a
most hideousyeli made a fierce <barge on
our line, but being handsomely received by
our men made but a short stay, before they
were compelled to lake a more respect!ul
, distance. Alter contending a while, they
made a most dreaditd and attack on our
centre, making the whole woods and water
ring with the crack of thi ir rifle* and their
s tvage ye I. The sight was grand and
uiagiiiiicent but awful to see, the reminis*
cenee of which yet produces a quick and
lively current of thought when I review the
sublime sight so appalling and so destroy
ing—lot at that t.me our centre suffered
gi eally., one being killed and five wounded
badly ; there were not many left when the
wounded retired and it occasioned some con
fusion, which was more embarrassing by an
improper order being given at that moment
by a subaltern officer. The Colonel in the
mean time supplying the place with others,
and throwing himself al that point and aided
by Capt. Moore and others exhorted them
to stand firmly. The presence of so vali
ant an officer could but embolden the fairest
heart, for at that time, as well as all limes
he braved lhe danger, as if he was invulner
able. This was a sore charge on our part,
il was then that one of the bravets men in
the line was slain, the natutai son of the
Colonel. But while we were suffering so
seventy, this charge cost lhe Indians dea*»
for 1 believe that ilcost them some 20 wa*-
riors who lay some of them half drowning
in the water, being beat back. Our men
soon learned to give them back tbeir own
Indian play, and wating their frequent
charges, lay, close and peppeted them
strongly as they advanced. After a while
they commenced flanking ns. Our com
mander closely watching every inauouvre,
posted some men as sharp shootess to w
ceived them which kept them off—at last
belies eing that we had weakened them lo be
at least half their number, tue t olonel selec
ted out some brave men, and joining them
to the Georgia Troops, ordtsed all bis
force to raise the whoop, be made a
charge. On the other band the Indian*
met them with obstinacy,both warriorsand
squaws ; they were soon put to flight, nine
trying to pass, the log, wire shot and fell in
the river, the rest giving ground up the
river, 2 attempted to swim their ponies but
were shot, while lhe others mide some small
1 resistance at the upper end of the camp, but
; soon gave way after being pm sued closely,
! threw tlieiusilves iuiotherivex to cross, but
were all shot w hile were io close quarters.
A Mr. Sam’l. White was attacked by three
squaws with their knives and would have
been killed, but by. the assistance of two
I other* who dispatched 2, he laid out the
3d with the barrel of his gun.—The battle
lasted three hours and S 2 minutes. There
was above 200 in all of the Indians and
we must hav'e killed near 3-4; it was im
possible to count them, as the whole place
was cohered with water.—We took four
prisoners, three being wounded, one mor
tally. The Colonel did every thing that a
brave and skilful worrier could have deme
and 1 should feel th*t I acted with injustice
not to mention lhe names of John M.
Moore, Lieut. A»h, and especially Capt,
Cleveland, who aided lhe Colonel at all
limes, exposing himself and braving every
danger; lie rendered signal service in the
charge. Ihe A ranklin Company all de
serve the highest praise, they had two of
their c< mpany wounded, E. Anderson,
and R. Boswell, Anderson being shat
shot in the thigh before the charge, but was
nit nevertheless: he U a sop of Gen. Afr-