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it not be hoped .that a prudent fear of public
jealousy and disapprobation, in ti matter so
pecnliarh exposed to them, will deter him irom
any such interference, even it higher motives
be found inoperative? May not Congress so
regulate, l>y law, the duty ot those officers, and
subject it to such supervision and publicity, as
to prevent the possibility of any serious abuse
on the part of the Executive! and is there equal
room for such supervision ami publicity in a
connection with banks, acting ufider the shield
of corpoiatc immunities, and conducted by
persons irresponsible to the Government and
the people? It is believed that a considerate
and candid investigation of these questions will
rnsult in the conviction, that the proposed plan
is far less liable to objection, on the score of
Executive palrouagu and control, than any
bank agency that has been, or can be, devised.
With these views, I leave to Congress the
measures necessary to regulate, in the present I
emergency, the safe-keeping and transit r id the
public mom vs. In the performance of consli- ;
tutional duty, I h ive stated to them, without re
serve, the result ot my own reflections. The '
subject is of great importance; and one on i
which we can scarcely expect to be as united >
in sentiment as we are iu interest. It deserves i
a full and free discussion, and cannot fail to be i
benefited by a dispassionate comparison of,
opinions. Well aware myself of the duty of I
reciprocal concession among the co-ordinate ,
branches of the Government, I can promise a
reasonable spirit of co-operation, so fat as it
can be indulged in without the surrender of con
stitutional objections, which 1 believe to be
well founded. Any system that may be adopt
ed should be subjecte 1 to (ho fullest legal pro
vision, so as to leave nothing to the Executive
but what is necessary to the discharge of the
duties imposed on him; and whatever plan mrfv
be ultimately established, my own part shall
be so discharged as to give to it a fair trial, and
the best prospect of success.
The character of the funds to be received
and disbursed iu the transactions of the Go- j
vornin‘nt, likewise demands your m ist careful j
consideration. j
There can. Uc no doubt that those who from-I
cd and adopted the Constitution, having in im
mediate view the depreciated ‘ paper of the {
Confederacy—-of which five hundred dollars in !
paper were, at times, only equal to one dollar >
in coin—intended to prevent the recurrence of j
similar evils, so far as least as related to the ,
transactions of the new Government. They
gave to Congress express powers to coin nvo- j
i»ey, and to regulate the value thereof, and of;
foreign coin; they refused to give it power to I
establish corporations —the agents, then as 1
noy, chiefly, employed to create a paper cur- 1
rehey; they prohibited the States from making I
any thing but gold and silver a legal tender in
payment of debts; ar.d the first Congress di- I
tected, by positive law, that the revenue should '
be received in nothrng but gold and silver. ■
Public exigency at tlio outset of the Gov-;
eminent, without direct legislative authority,;
led to the use of banks as fiscal aids to the l
Treasury. In admitted deviation from the law,
qt the same |»eriod, and under the same cxigen- j
cy, the Secretary of the Treasury received I
their notes in payment of duties. The sole j
ground on which the practice, thus commenced,
was then, or has since, been justified, is the
certain, immediate, and convenient exchange of
such notes for specie. The Government did ki
cked receive the inconvertible notes of State
banks during tho difficulties of war; and tlus
community submitted without a murmur to the
unequal tax ition and m dtipliid evils of which '
such a course was productive With the war,'
Uiis indulgence ceased, and the banks were ob
liged again to redeem their notes in gold and !
silver. The Treasury, in accordance with pre- |
wious practice, continued to dispense with the |
currency required by the act of 1789, and took I
tjw notesuf banks in full confidence of their I
beta ’ paid in specie on demand; and Congress, 1
to guard against the slightest violation of this i
principle, have declared, by law, that if notes J
are paid in the trans ictions of the Government, ■
it must bo under such circumstances as to en- ’
able the holdei to convert them into specie with- !
qut depreciation or delay.
Os my own duties under tlie existing laws,
when the banks suspended specie payments, I
could not doubt. Directions were immediately
given to prewnt the reception into the Treas
ury of any. thing but gold and silver or its
equivalent; qnd’every practicable arrangement
was made to preserve the public, faith, by simi
lize or"equivalcnt payments to the public cred
itors. The revenue from lands had been f r
some time substantially so-collected, under the
order issued by the directions of my predeces
sor. The effects of that order had been so
salutary, and its forecast in regard to the increas
ing insecurity of bank pappr h;td become so
apparent, that, cypn. before lisp catastrophe,!'
had resolved-not to,interfere with its operation.
Congress is npw to decide whether the reve
nue stall) continue to be so collected or not.
The receipts. into the Treasury, of bank ‘
notes, not redeemed-hi specie on demand, will!
rio.t, F presume, besahelipned. It would de-!
■troy, without the excuse' of war or public dis- ,
tress, that equlity o| import.’, and indemnity of
commorciarrcgiilatiun, wliieh lie at the fputidn- •
tion of our Confederacy,, and would offer to ;
each Slate a direct temptation to, increase its:
foreign trade, by depreciating the currency re- ,
ceived for duties in its ports. Such a proceed
ing would also, in.a great degree, frustrate, the
policy, so highly cherished, of infusing into our |
circulation a larger proportion of the precious t
metals; a policy, the wisdom of whi :h npnr,
can doubt, though there may be different opin- ;
ions as to the extent to which it should bo car- ;
ried. Its results have been already too aus-1
picious, and its success is too cl ->syiy injerwo- i
ven with the future prosperity of the country, j
t« permit us for a moment to contemplate its
abandonment. We have seen, under, its influ- ,
■cuce, our specie augmented beyond eighty mil- ;
lions; onr coinage increased so as to m ike that •
of gold amount, between August, 1834, and ;
December, 1830, to ten millions of dollars; c.x- !
cccding the wholo coinage at the mint during
the thirty-one previous years. The prospect
■of further improvement continued without
abatement, until the moment of the suspension
of specie payments. This policy lias now in
deed been suddenly checked, but is still far;
from being overthrown. Amidst all conflicting i
theories,one position it undeniable: the pre-'
cious metals will invariably disappear when i
there Ceases to be a necessity fortheir use, as a ■
circulating medium. It was in strict accordance
with this truth, that whilst, in the month of May
last, they were every where seen,and were cur
- rent for all ordinary purposes, they disappeared
from circulation the mom -nt the payment of
specie was refused by the banks, a id the com
munity tacitly agreed to dispense with its em
ployment. Their place was supplied by a cur
rency exclusively of paper, and, in tniny cases,
of the worst description. Already '.•re the
bank notesnow in circulation greatly deprecia
ted, and they fluctuate in value between one
place and another; thus diminishing and making
uncertain the worth of property and tho-* price
of labor, and failing to subserve, cxcr.pt at a
heavy loss, the purposes of business. With
each succeeding day the metallic currency dr -
creases; by some it is hoarded in tlwi natural
e f<?ar, tls»f, m.ce parted with, it cannot be re
placed; while by others it is diverted from its
morn legitimate uses, for the sake of gain.
Should Congress sanction this condition of
things, by making irredoomblc paper m >uey re
ceivable in paypicpt of public dues, a temporary
chock to a and nlutary policy will, in a ||
I probability, be converted into its absolute de
struction
It is true that batik notes actually convertible
into specie may be received in payment of the
revenue, without being liable to all these objec
tions,and that such a course mav, to some ex
tent, jtroinote individual convenience; an ob
ject always to be considered where it does not
conflict with the-gwinciples ’of our Government,
or tl.e general welfare of the country. If sin h
notes only were received, and always under
circumstances allowing their early presentation
for paym nt, and if, at short and’fixed periods,
they were converted into specie, to be kept bv
the officers ol the I'lensury, some of llto-mo.-t
serious obstacos to their reception would per
haps be rcmeved. To retain the notes in the
Treasury would be to'renew, .under another
form, the loans of public money to thii banks,
and the evils consequent thereon.
It i<, however, a mistaken impression, that
any large amount of sjUecic is required for pub
lic payments. Os the seventy or eighty mil-;
lions nowestimated to bo in thi> country, ten j
millions would be abundantly sufficient for ’that
purpose, provided an accumulation of a large i
amount of revenue, beyond the necessary wants |
of the Government, be hereafter prevented; If
to these considerations be added the facilities,
which will arise from enabling the Treasury to
satisfy the public creditors, by its drafts or notes
received in payment of the public dues, it mav
bo safely assumed that no motive of cquveni
ence to the citizen requires, the reception, of
bank paper.
To say that the refusal of paper money by
the Government, introduces an unjust discrim
ination between the currency received bv it, and
that used by individuals in their ordinary af
fairs, is, in my judgment, to view it in a verv
erroneous light. The Constitution prohibits
the States.from making any thing but gold and
silver a tender ip the payment of debts, and
thus secures to every citizen a right to demand
payment in the legal currency. To provide bv
law that the Government will only receive its
dues in gold and silver, is not to confer on it
any peculiar privilege ; but merely to place it
on an equality with the citizen, by reserving to
it a right secured to him by the Constitution.
It is doubtless for this reason that the principle
has been sanctioned by successive laws, from
the time of the first Congress under the Consti
tution down tothe last. Such precedents, never
objected to and proceeding from such sources,
afford a decisive answer to the imputation of in
equality or injustice.
But, in fact, the measure is one of restric
tion, not of favor. To forbid the public agent
to receive in payment any other than a certain
kind of money, is to refuse him a discretion
possessed by every citizen. It may be left to
those who have the management of the r own
transactions, to make their own terms ; but no
such discretion should be given to him wlio acts
merely a* an agent of the people, who is to
collect what the law requires, and to pay the
appropriation it makes. When bank notes are
redeemed on demand, there is then no discrim
ination in reality, for the individu il who receives
them may, at his option, substitute tl»e specie
for them ; he takes them from convenience or
choice. When they are not so. redeemed, it
will scarcely be contended that their receipt
and payment, by a public officer, should be
permitted; though none deny that right to an in
dividual ; if it were, the effect would be most
injurious to the public, since their officer could
make none of those arrangements to meet or
guard against the depreciation, which an indi
vidual is at liberty to do. N’ or can inconve
nience to the community be alleged as an ob
jection to such a regulation. Its object and
motive arc their convenience and welfare,
If, at a moment of simultaneous and unexpec
ted suspension by the banks, it adds something
to the many embarrassments of that proceed
ing, yet these are far overbalanced by its direct
tendency to produce a w ider circulation of gold
and silver, to increase the safety-of bank paper,
to improve the general currency, and thus to
pt event altogether such occurrences, and the
other and far greater.evils that attend th'eu>.
It may, indeed, be questioned, whether it is
, not for the interest of th?, banks themselves that
i the Government should qol receive thejr paper.
; They would be conducted with more caution,
, and on sounder principles. By using spQcio
only in its transactions, the Government would
create a demand for if, which would to a, great
extent, prevent its exportation, and. hy keap
ing it in circulation, maintain a broaddr -and
safer basis for tho paper currency. That tlie
banks would thus be rendered more sound,
and the community more safe, cannot adnt.it ofa
dotfot.
The foregoing yietvs, it seems to nro, do but
fairly carry out the provisions of the Federal
Constitution in relation to the currency, as far
as relates to the public revenue. At the time
that instrument was framed, there werri but
three or four Irankj in the United •' States ; and
had the extension of the banking system, and
the evils growing'e tt of it, been foreseen, they
would probably' have been specially guarded
against. The same policy which led to the
prohibition of bills of credit by the Slates,
would, doubtless, in that event, have also inter
dicted their issues as a currency in any ot,ier
form. The Constitution, however, contains no
such prohibition ; and since th* States Love
exercised, for nearly Haifa century, the power
to regulate the business of banking, it is n<rt to
be expected that it will be abandonei'. The
wjtole matter is now tindbr discussion before
the proper, tribunal—the people of the States.
Nev/.-r before liar the public mind.lfetyt so tho
roughly awakened .to a proper sense of its im
portance; never has the subject, in all its bear
ings, been submitted to so searching an inquiry.
It would be distrusting thq intelligence and vir
tue of the people to doubt the fipbedy and effi
cient adoption of such measures qf reform as
the public good'demands. All that can rlfiht
fu'lv be done by the Federal Government te
I promote thp accomplishment of that impor
tant object, will, without doubt, be performed.
Lt the mean time, it is o.m duty to provide
alt the remedies against a depreciated paper
currency which the Constitution enables us to
afford. The Treasury Department, on several
former occasions has suggested- the propriety
and importance of a uniform law concerning
; bankritptfiies of corporations, and other bankers.
: Through tho instrumentality of such a law, a
■ salutary check may doubtless be imposed op
the issus of paper money, and an effectual rem-
I c< ly given to the citizen in away at onpe equal
' in all parts of tho Union, and fully authorized by
I the Constitution.
The Indulgence granted by Executiveauthor
i‘y in the payment of bonds for ditties, has been
already mentioned. Seeing that the immediate
enforcement of these obligations would subject
a large aid highly respectable portion of our
citizens to great sacrifices, and believing that
a temporary postponement could be made with
out detriment to otltar interests, and’Avitir in
creased certainty of ultimate payment, I did
not hesitate to comply with tho request that was
made of me. Tho terms allowed arc, to the
full extent, as liberal-its any that are to be
found in the practice of the Executive Dopart
ment. Tt-remains for Congress todcc.ido whe
ther,a further postponement may not with pro
priety be allowed, and, if so, their legislation
upon tlrn subject is respectfully invited.
The report of thfi Secretary of the Treasu
ry will exhibit the condition of these debts;
the extent and effect of the present indulgence;
'he probable result of its further extension on
the state of tho Treasury and every other fact
nccctcary to a full cofljiderjtioa of the Subject.
! Similar mini mation is communicated in regard
o such depositories of the public moneys as
are indebted to the Government, in order that
Congress may also adopt the proper measures
in regard to them.
Tne receipts and expenditures for the first
halt of thu year, and an estimate of those fur
the residue, will be laid before you bv the Sec
retaty of the Treasury. In his-rcnort of De
cember last, it was estimated that the current
receipts would fall short us the expenditures by
about three millions of dollars, it wiilbe seen
that the ditlerence will be much greater. This
is to be ntlriautcd not only to the occurrence of!
greater pecuniary umbtiMossmcuiisiiL the !;usi- ■
ness ol the country than those which’ w,er.c then
predicted, and, consequently, a greater dimin
ution in th- revet* e, but also to the fact that
he appro,iriat vis exceeded, by nearly six mil
lions, the ttmottnr which was asked fur iti the
estimates then submitted. ’The sum necessary
tor the service ol the year beyond the probtible
receipts, and the amount which it was intended •
shot;! I be reserved in the Treasury at the com- j
mencemeut of the year, will be about six mil
lions. ■ 11 the whole of the reserved balance be
not at Once applied to the current expenditures,
but fouflfrllhptis be still kept in the Treasury,
as seems most expedient, for the uses of the
mint, and to meet cdntit’gMiciesi the sum need
ed will.bje ton millions.
lit making this estimate, tilts receipts arfe cal
culated on the supposition of some further ex
tension of the indulgence granted in the pay
ment of bonds for duties, which will affect the
amount of the revenue sot the piesetit year to
tl.e extent of two and a half millions.
It is not proposed to procure the required
amoun by loans or increased taxation. There
are now in thp Treasury nine millions three
hundred anti sixty-ssven thousand two hundred
and fourteen dollars, directed by the act of the
23d of June, 1836,<t0 be deposited with the
States in October next. This sum, if so de
posited, will be subject, »nder the law,, to be
recalled, il needed, to defray ’existing appro
priations; and as it is now •evident that the
whole, or the principal part of it, will be want
ed for that purpose, it appeals most proper
that tlie deposits should be withheld. Until
tlie amount can be collected from the baitkSj
Treasury notes may be temporarily issued, to
be gradually n deemd as it is received.
1 am awaie that this course may be produc
tive of inconvenience to many of the States.
Relying upon the acts of Congress w hich held
out to them the strong probability, if rut - the
certainty, of receiving this instalment, they
have in some instances adopted measures with
which its retention may seriously interfere.
That such a condition of things should have
occurred is much to be regretted. It is not the
least among the unfortunate results of ti e dis
asters of the times ; and it is for Congress to
devise a fit remedy, if there be one. The mo
ney being indispensable to tho wants of the
Treasury,it is difficult to conceive upon what
principle of justice or expediency its applica
tion to that object can be avoided.* To recall
any portions of the sums already deposited with
the States, would be more inconvenient and
less efficient. To burden the country with in
creased taxation, when there is in fact a large
surplus revenue, would be unjust and unwise ;
to raise money by loans under such circum
stances, and thus to commence a new national
debt, would, scarcely be sanctioned by the A
meiican people.
The plan proposed will be adequate to all
our fiscal operations, during the remainder of
the year. Should it be adopted, the Treasu
ry, aided by the ample rosourcesof the country,
will bo able to discharge, punctually, every pe
cuniary obligation. For the future, all that is
needed wiilbe that caution and forbearance in
appropriations which the diminution us the rev
enue and which the complete accom
plishment or great forwardness of many expen
sive na’ional undertakings lenders equally
consistent with prudence and patriotic liberali
ty-
The preceding suggestions and recommen
dations are submitted, in the belief that their
adoption by- Congress will enable the Executive
Department to conduct our fiscal concerns with
success, so far as their management lias been
committed to it. Whilst the objects and the
means proposed to attain them are within its
constitutional powers and appropriate duties,
they.uill at the same time, il is hoped, bv their
necessary opemtion, afford essential aid in the
transaction of individual concerns, and thus
- yield relief to the people -at large in a fotm
adapted to the nature of our Government.
Those- who look to .the action of-this Govern
ment for specific aid tothe citizen, to relieve
! embarrassments arising from losses Uv revtil
; sions in commerce and credit, lose sight of the
■ ends for which it was created, and tire powers
! with which it is clothed. Ft was established to
; give security to its all, in our lawful and hono- I
' rablo pursuits, under the lasting safeguard of re- j
! publican institutions. It was not intended to.
I cotiftsr special favors on individuals, or on any i
i classes of them ; to create systems of agricul--
! lure, manufactures, or trade; or to engage in
j them, either separately -or in connection with
I individual’ citizens or organized associations.
; if its operations were to be d'rec o 1 for -tlie
; benefit of any one class, equivalent favors mtisl
jin justice, be extended to the rest; and the at-
■ tempt to bestow such favors with an equal hand,
or even to select those who should most deserve
them, would never be successful. All. conimn-
I nitics are apt to look to Governmpr.t for too
| much. Evd(i. in our , own where its
powers and dutliis are so strictly limited, we are
prone to do so, especially at periodic of sudden
embarrassment and distress.. But this ought not
to be. The framers of our excellent Constitu
tion; nnd'the people who approved it with calm
and sagd.ci.ons deliberation, acted at the time
on a sounder principle. 'They wisely judged
that the less Government interferes with private
pursuits, the better for the general prosperity.
It is not its tagitimatQ.objcct to make men rich,
dr to repair, by dirett grants of mortey or lagis
i iatioi, in favor of particuiat pursuits, loss< s not
incurred in the public service. This would be
substantially to use tho property of some for
the benefit of others. But its real duty—that
duty, the performance of which makes a good
Government the most prccio;is of. human bjes
i sings—i< to enact and enforce a system of gen
i oral laws commensurate with, but not execed
i ing the object of its establishment ; and to leave
OMery citizen and every interest to reap, under
I its benign protection, the rewards of virtue, in
dustry and prudence.
I cannot doubt that on this, as on till similar
occasions, the Federal Government will find its
agen<y most conducive to the security and hap
piness of the people, when limited to the e.xer
, rise of its conceded powers. In never nssti-
I ming, even for a well meant object, such pow
; ers-ns were not designed to be conferred upon
j it, we shall in reality do. most for the general
welfare. To avoid every minecossarv interfer
ence with tho pursuits of tho citizen, will result
in more benefit than to-adopt nrearmoes which
could only assist limited interests, nnd are ea
gerly; hut perhaps naturally, sought for, under
I the pressure of temporary circumstances. If,
therefore, I refrain from suggesting to Congress
I any specific plan for regulating theetlrhanges of
the country, relieving merrantilo emharrass-
I merits, nr interfering with the ordinary opora
! (ions of foreign or domestic commerce, it i-;
j from a conviction that such measures are no
within tho constitutional province of the Go
vernment; and that their adoption would no'
promote tho real nnd permanent welfare of
those they might be designed to aid.
The difficulties find distresses of the thnes,
STAN IM !il) OF UNION
though unquestionably great, are limited in
their extent, and cannot be regarded as aflect
ing tile permanent prosperity of the nation. A
rising, in a great degree, from transactions of
foreign and domestic rtimmerce, it is upon them
tli'.C they have chiefly fallen. The great agri
cuhftral interest, has, in many parts of the coun
try, suffered comparatively little, and as.if I’ro
videntte iutended to display the niunifieence of
its goodness at the moment of our greatest need,
and in direct contrast to the evils occasioned by
the waywardness of man, we have been bless
ed throughout our extended territory with a
season of general health and of; uncommon
fruitfulness. The jrroceeds of our great sta
ples willsoo’V furnish the means.of liquidating,
debts at- home and abroad ; and contrj.buFi.e
qtially to the revival of commercial, activity,
and the restoration of commercial Credits The
banks, established avowedly sot its support,
deriving their profits from.it, and restiirg under
obligations to it which clinnot be owerlookedj
will feel tit once tho necessity and justice of
uniting their energies with those of the mer
cantile interest. The suspension of specie pay
ments, at such a lime and under such circum
stances as we haA lately witnessed, could not
bo other than a temporary measure; and we
can scarcely err in believing that tho period
must soon arrive when all that are Solvent will
redeem their issues in gold and silver. Deal
ings abroad naturally depend on resources and
prosperity, nt home, if the debt of our iner
■chtints bus.accumulated, or their credit is im
paired, these ar-e fluctuations always incident to
cXtvDsive or extravagant mcr.caffiUe transac
tions. But the ultimate security, of such obliga
tions doos not admit of question. They are
guaranteed by the resources of a-country, the
fruits of whose industry afford abundant means
of ample liquidation, and by the evident-inte
rest of every merrhant to sustain a credit, hi
therto high, by promptly applying these means
for its preservation.
I tieoply regret that events, hrive occurred
which require me to .sk your consideration of
such serious topics. I could have wished that,
in making my first communication to the assem
bled representatives of my country, I had no
-thingto dwell upon but the history of her unal
loyed’ prosperity. Since it is otherwise, we
can only feel more deeply the responsibility of
tiie respective trusts that have been confided
to us, and, under the pressure of difficulties, unite
in invoking the guidance and aid of the Su
preme Ruler cf‘ nations, and- in laboring with
zealous resolution to overcome the difficulties
by which we are environed.
It is, under such circumstances, a high grat
ification to know by long experience, that wp
act for a people to whom - the truth, however
unpromising, cair al ways be spoken • with safe
ty, for the trial of whose patriotistn/no emer-.
gency is too severe, and who are sure never to de
sert a public functionary lidnestly iaboiingffor
the public good: Ifseems just that they should
receive, without delay, any aid in their embar
rassments which your deliberations can afljird.
Coming directly from the niiduh of.: them, and
knowing the coursw-of events tn every section
of our country, fram you may best be litaraed
as well the extent and’nature us those embarrass
ments, as the most de’sirrtble measure of relief.
I am aware, however, that it is not proper to
detain you, at present, longer than may be: de
manded by the special objects’for which yAti,aj:o
convened. To them,therefore, I have-cor.&i'ied
mv communication, and, believing it will not be
your own wish to extend youi deliberations be
yond them, I reserve till the usual period D&your
annual meeting, that general informationeon the
state of the Union, which the Constitution re
quites me to give.
M. VAN BUSEN.
Washington, 4ih Sept. 1837.
STATE RIGHTS and EXITED STATES
RIGHTS.
'’'The friends of the Union are nur friends, and its
enemies, our enemies."
rail' G2C.3
TUESDAY ffIOeNING, SEPT. 12.
Umo.x Candidate ron Governor.
WILLIAM SUHLEY.
UNION AND ANTI GILMER TICKET,
FOR THE COUNTY OF DEKALB.
ran senate;
JONATHAN B. WILSON, Esq.
ton REPRESENTATIVES.
JAMES LEMON, Esq.
JOHN L. EVANS, Esq.
MERIDITII COLLIER. Esq.
T he publication of the President’s Message,
compels us to postpone much raatten intended
for this days paper.
Editoi ials—-Communications—Advertisp
rpents, &c; &.C. must all stand by until next
week, when we promise our readers to come
with a pretty considerable of a rush.,
THE PRESIDENT’S
We have never enjoyed a higher gratification
in presenting a-public document to our readers
than we now do, in offering to tlieir considcra- ;
tion, the first Message from the pen of our,able
and accomplished President. ' ■ ;
As a specimen of eloquent ar,d chajie com
position, it claims a high place among those of
his most illustrious predecessors ; and as an
orthodox cdhstituticn?! piiper, it will tank q-ith
those which have immortalized tho names of
JeflcKSon, Madison, and Jackson ; and cannot
fail to meet the decided approbation of a large
majority of the Amcrtcam people. ‘ i
To those who have cherished the hope that
the President would be driven from the ground
which he has occupied upon the subject of a
National Bank, this Message brings no hope.
On the other-hand, it proclaims his inflexible
hostility to an institution not only unconstitu
tional, but adverse to the best interests of’his
country. ■ < •■ ! 1 , ■
In relation to the future management of the
public funds, he ItttS proposed a plan which can
not fail to meet the cordial support of the great
body of his constituents. We believe with him,
that it is time to dissolve,all connexion between
Government and the'.Batiks; and. the plan which
he suggests, is so simple in its operation, as in
nur judgment, to -carry conviction to every .un
prejudiced mind.
The idea entertained by some,that it is in the
power of Congress to regulate the currency—to
render it uniform throughout the Union, by in
corporating a Banking instit .tion to flood the
country once more with Taper money, is alto
[ uethcr fallacious, because such a measure would
at once place it in power of a few, under the
sanction of their charter, to regulate the value
of property, and bjp repeated expansions and
contractions,to speculate upon the people, with
out measure, and without end.
Besides, who it svillingto surrcnderbdditional
State Rights to Qongress 1 Who for the r.aSe
of an t'.xperimcr’jj will consent to transfer tho
right to incorpoifito Ranks, from the States to
the Federal G/vernment 1 None we trust,
who have duly/considered the subject. The
States have u f rights to spare —they yielded
•enough when ihe Constitution was framed, and
if they are nAt competent to manage their own
Banking institutions, Congress will do it no bet
ter.
We know/and we feel that, the mercantile
interests have suffered, but are they the only
interest which has felt the effects of the late
revulsion-! No. The planters and farmers
have cejne in for their full share. Last year
they W'/re receiving sixteen and eighteen cents
for their cotton—this year they may obtain
eight or ten. Here is a loss of about one half,
and yet no one contends that it is in tho power
of Congress to relieve them. Can.they legis
late Cotton upto its former price ? No. ’These
are Subjects beyond the control us legislation,
and-the safest and wisest course, is to leave them
to themselves.
The present state of things growing out of ex
cessive importations, placing the balance of
trade by many millions against us, cannot long
exist. The importers have so curtailed their
business for months past, that it cannot be ma
n/ more, before the exports of tho present crop
trill throw the balance in our favor—confidence
will.be restored—specie become plenty, and
trade take its accustomed channel. And all
ibis will coma to pass without tho in.terference
bf Congress.
THE COMING ELECTION.
Never have we beheld a brighter prospect for
the success of the Union p.ai ty, than at the
present moment.
Within a week, We received - intelligence
from every quarter of the Slate, which leaves
no.doubt -on pur mind of, the., triumpliant suc
cess of Governor Schley.
HeiwilL receive majoj-itles In-at least fifty
two counties iu the State, and very large ones
in many of them, and it only requires the
proper energy on the part of our friends, to
give the enemy a Waterloo defeat.
Td-the Polls, then, and theday is ours.
THE-THEATRE.
■ Since the opening of this establishment, Mr.
Hart and his company have met with a liberal
support, and given general satisfaction to tho
audiencas that have witnessed their performan
ces. Lhst night the splendid spectacle of “AZw
zeppa," was brought out in a manner that does
credit to the manager; and, as will be seen bv
the Lilis,.sl-is to be repeated for two evenings
more.
CITY ELECTION IN SaVANn’aLL
The election for Aidermen of the city of:
Savannah,has resulted in the success of the on- ;
tire Union jicket, by a large average majority.
[advertisement.]
PUBLIC MEETING OF THE CITIZENS
OF HOUSTON & MARION COUNTIES.
At a numerous meetingof tliecitizens of Hous
ton and Marioii Comities, at Flint River Acade
my on the 26th of Aug. 1837, for the purpose of
adopting'sucli resolutions, and consulting ujiou
sueli measures, as would be calculated, consis
tently with justice and the constitutiojial rights
of tlio people, to secure thtf establishmeat of a
new County, out of portions of the counties of
Houston and Marine, L. D. McM lion, of Marion,
was called to the chair, -and J. McCouu Tilford,
of Houston, was appointed Sccrefaiy.
The object of the', meeting having been ex
plained. the follnwing gentteim n .wertj appointed
a Committee to draft such resolutions as were
suitable to the occasion, viz: .Walter. L. Camp
bell, Wm- Folton. and Win. N. t. Crocker, of
Houston, and Raiford Peacock, Willjani Uuder
woprl, and A. Fitzpatrick, of Matidn.' 1 '
After retiring lor a few minutes, the Commit
tee, through Walter L. Campbell, reported* the
following preamble and resolutions, which, being
readJiy th- Secretary, and submitted to the consi
deration of tho meeting, were unanimously n
doptedy
Whereas, the peculiar situation in which we
are now placed, has called us together for the
| purpose of-adopting such means aS may lead to
our relief; niiii, whereas, we have .repeatedly pe
titioned. the Legislature, praying.the formation of
a new County out of Marion and Houston—(by
the stratagem and intrigueof its professed friends
we fear our pravers and petitions have been de- i
featc<l and scoffed at) —we.therefore now appeal i
to the generous feelings •!’ our candidates, in true I
honesty, to give us that support for relief, which
true honesty and justice, as is well known to
them, most imperiously demand; and-whereas,
we. tlie people of the Counties of Houston hud
Marion, fiave full confidence in tlffe Legislature of
t 1 e State being disposed to render justice to eve
ry portion of its citizens, where their ciaiais aro
justly known—we therefore eta, in tho most friend
ly terms, ask and require of them to investigate
our case, mid to render onto us that relief which
their wisdom may dictate to be right; and further
more. we, the people of the Comities of Houston
and Marion, now met for the pttrjiosp of delibera
tion on/tlic Subject of havtaga new County form
ed as above, do '
Resolve. That we, the people residing nn Flint
River, in the Counties of Houston and Marion.
'do in the most terms, disapprove of
the course pursued by our Representatives iu the
Legislature for several years past, oa qnr peti
tions for q now County, to be made out of the
Coupties of Houston and Marion, with’ such a
mendtaents as the it wisdom might direct,,
That we, the peoplq of this section
of country, will not support, any candidate forthe
Legislature, at' the next election to the General
Assembly, who p ill not unhesitatingly say to otn
Committee by writing. t!,,it they Will, without
fear, favor or affection, support to the utmost of
their ability, such petitions as may to
them for thp purpose that, may be therein con
| tained, having for its object the formation us a I
new county in the section before mentioned.
Resolved, That we,"tbo jicoplc whose rights, !
and the justice of whose claims have been thus
slighted and wit’p, and who are now
consequently labdriag under th« greatest incon
veniences, do most earnestly cafitipdii the Repre
sentatives of. the people throughout the State,
should ourawn Representatives, to render us our
rights, fail to do so, to give us a County tsorue
tliing in the shape and bounds thatonf prayer may
desire. :*
Resolved, That wo believe that Lome us our
Representatives, who professed to he our warm
est friends iu advocating our claims to a new
County, bavit connived at the defeat of car peti
tion for this purpose; and, therefore.,
Resolved, That a Committee of three be np
poiiitnd from the County of Marion, and a like
iimnherfrotn Houston, to correspond with all the
Candidates from their respective Counties, re
quiring them to give a full and unequivocal ea
oression of the course they will puisne, should
•hey he elected, rotative to the formation of a new
County ou Flint River; which correspondence
shall be used at the approaching election, that
| the citizens may be governed thereby -. nndincasc
| ol a refusal of an answer fiont any Candidate, il
| will be considered as iu opposition to a new Conn-
Resolved, That we, the people, heiuj advised
that thp location of the County Site of a new
County, as well as theiiamo of the County, ba',
been used tn.defeet its formation, do most so
leinwly protest against such objeclimw; and, w ith
the exception us the name of the County, :i|id
the temporary place of_boldiug Coarts, we xequest
j that this'maXt r be left to tlio detijion -cf .the ci’J- 1
zeusof the County in contemplation.
Resolved. That the Candidates of the Conmy
i of Houston give their express opinions totl-.efol- ’
lowing Committee Walter-L. Campbell, \\ m ;
Felton, and Wm. N. L. Crocker, as early as their '
convenience may allow.,,dheettd to Marshallville ;
I’. 0., Houston County, GeriPgits. or by r,thereon- ,
veynnee ; and that the Candid rites of 'Marion'
County do give their answer in like manner to
the following Cnmmiltoc of their County, direst
ed toTaswell P. O.;—R. Peacock, Wm. I ndfer- .
woo-.h and A. Fitzpatrick.
Resolved. That these, our resolutiotiss be pub
lished in the Georgia Meisenger. the Macon Te
legraph, Str.iidarsi of Inion, and Southern It.-:
co-d er.
'Pho meeting then adjourned.
-L. D. McMILLON. Chairman. I
J. McCCUN TILFORD, Sec'y. 35—'.i r ■
THIS EVENING, (Tuesday, Sept. 12t’i.) will 1.-c
presented the Comedy of the
SECRET.
After which tho grand spectacle of •
MAZE P P A .
Particulars, see bills.
W® sis’e anth©®
rized to announce WILLIAM S. MITCHELL
as a candidate for re-election to the office of Clot k
of the Superior Court. 35
AVe arc authorised to an
nounce Col. J .AMES Q. LEWIS. a’L’andidate
to represent Hancock County, in the representa
tive branch of the State Legislature, at the ensu
ing election. 35
We nre authorised
to announce JOHN S. STEPHENS as a can
didate for SHERIFF of Baldwin county, at the {
ensuing election, and if elected, JOHN E. i
LEWIS will act as DEPUTY,. -
~ August 15, 1837.
are I
rized to announce OLIVER P. BONNER, as a
candidate for. Sheriff of Baldwin county, at the
next election. If successful, JACOB CQL-
L INS will.act as Deputy,
August 29, 1837. 33-
W e smtherizetl
to nnnouticc JA?»Hi.S GUWM'as a candidate for
TAX COLLECTOtR of Baldwin County, at tho
election in January next.
August 15.1337.
We arc aisthorized ■
to announce ROBERT MICKL.EJOHN -as a I
candidate for CLERK of the SUPERIOR!
CO-URdl'<-f Ba’ijwin County, at the election in
January n’nxti
August I‘s 1837.
Valuable Lands for Sale.
THE undersigned, having determined to re
move, and being disposed to sell,now offers
for sale threo squares of_,l 4 and^iti-Dooly County,
seven miles frem Drayton, on the roaileading to
Berrien, add about five tailes fl-orh Berifen. One
of them is agood square of Oakand H’cftorylot,
on which- is cleared 42G-acres;, which is in a fine
state of cultivation. On one cf <'re Pine Lots
there is twenty or thirty acres cleared, adjoining
the clear rd Land vu.the Oakand- Hickory 1. qt.
There is also on the premises a good Dwelling
House, Gin House, and o her out Houses.
As it is presumed that- no one will buy wil’iottt ,
examining f r themselves, a further description is
deemed unnecessary. The terms shall be liberal,
and maybe known on applying to WILY COBB, i
who lives on the adjoining lands, or to
JOHN BULLARD,
Fort Valley,Jlouston Cotmtv.
August 30,183.7'. ' . . 35—tJ l
Valuable Lands for Sale.
THE subscriber offers for sale, on accommo
dating terms, three squares of first rate
PINE LAND, in the Dili P’istric*, Dooly County,
ten miles from Drayton, near the road leading to
Traveller’s Rest, and about six miles from the
Rest, Th,ere is on the premises, a new Log
Dwelling House and Gin House, and other out
BuiitDnss. Negro. Bousjas, tzc., as well as about
one hundred and Seventy acres of Cleared Land,
which is mostly rich nnd in good repair. The
settlement has several fine Springs of cool water
on it.
The termswiil be liberal, and mav t>okr.owu!>y
applying to JAMES M. EVERETT, near Dray
ton, Doofy County, Georgia, or to
’ CHARLES if. EVERETT,-
Fort Valley, Houston County.
August 33, 1837. ' 35-c-tJh.
LOST —On the 20th Anznst. a RED MO
ROCCO POCKET BOOK, containing
two Notes, each, if I mistake not. for $22.50,
payable to myself, and signed b.y Wm. W. Rus
sell, and Joseph N. Miller security. Ido notre
tnembcrwhcri made, but.lt is.due mi the first of
January, 1838. BENJAMIN RUSSELL.
All perso'ns are forewarned ‘not to negotiate
said notes, as I am determined to pay op person
except Benjamin Russell.
WM. W. RUSSELL.
S.e]>ternber 8, 1837. 35—It*
ADMINISTR ATOR’S SALE—WiII be sold,
on Friday, the 27th day of October next,
all the personal property of James J. Yates, late
of De‘Kalb Couqty, deceased, at the house of
Elijah Yates, in said County, consisting.of one
iTed ancTFurnitiire, one Saddle* one Shot Gnu,
and other articles, to tedioiiß to mention. Terms
made known at the time of sale. ' :
THOMAS FAIR, Adm'r.
Sept . 4tlr, 1837. ' 35 tds
WILL be sold, on the first Tuesday iii No
vember next, at the Court House door in
the Comity of Emanuel, in the usual hours of sale,
thi following tracts of Land, to wit: 39.5 acres of
Pino Land; also, 200 acres of Pine Lend—for
the benefit of the heirs of William Ilendlv, de
coftscd. Terms made known at the time d! sale.
JAMES SCARBOROUGH, Snr. Adm'r.
August 25, 1837. 35—tds
S7WUR. months after date, application will be
; mado’to tho Honorable Itiferier Court bi
I Dooly County, for leave to sell all tlio real e r inte
!of William A. Bracewell. Dated this IS’.n day
of September, 1837.
35-*4m WM. McPA’NIEJ,,. Adm’r.
ITffOUR -months after date, ap dication will be
made to the Hnnorahlo ,he Inferior Court
: of Pulaski County,when s’ .tug for ordinary pur
i poses, for leave to sell ml the real aud personal
I property of tho estate of A. J. Collier, deceased,
; for ibc.Usuefit of t v ,s heirs and creditors.
THCxV! AS COLLIER, ? . . m ._
ErtYAN W. COLLIER, S ®
Hawkins’, itlo, Sept. 4, 1837. 35—4 m
FI RE AV OOD.
! SATURDAY, tho 16th of September
■ sL™ next, at 11 o’clock. A. M. will bo let to the
[ lowest bidder, nt the State Hev.«o, a to
’ supplv for the use o{ tho public offices, ONE HUN -
DRED CORDS OF OAK AND HICKORY
■ WOOD, aud TWENTY CORDS OF LIGHT
WOOD. IL IL ROBINSON,
Secr’v. F.x. Dept.
Sep*, n, jR37. ’ 3! St
The Milieclgev>ii.e
Jockey Club Races, will .continence, lite SF
TUESDAY in NOVEMBER NLXTp.
The following are the purses which will b.» ,uuu
tended for,,
Ist day, mile heat; for colts, a Cug Silver Pitch
ci :ui'l Cup, Worth , ' ‘ iiJSU ,
2d day 2 mile heat:, free fur all. Furies . j
3d-. ” 3 . •• •• GfM ~
4th •• 4 •• •• <« <«. •< auu
sth “ 1 “ “ best 3iu 5
The innnef to l.c- bang up earh.duf. ,
I' l ’J>c govctnftd by the, rules of the 1 al’uy.'.Uu„
cOur.e, At|gti;tj.
11. 1 \OUNG & Cd. Brerr 'itarf..
July 18.,_______' ' _ ''^-tf..
To the I.overs of fine Horses, (
jftgb, ' The imported , Horsq
'i'll! ''FLE y, ill stand tiu- fall seu
,'tjkStabta, -at I.'yhast,. ci"bt (
IT/A’’ mih’s ataite Sliliedgeville, mi thu
Eatonton Road; nnd will.’be lot to w
Mares at '1 hirty- Dollars the season.jitid b'jfty ,
Dollars to Insure a-nm c witlipoal.
The Syasmi .will coi-sjnetwe ,'ffie 1 st,'d ay. of.Sep ~
terr.ber, and Ctid the Ist day of November next .
—the season to lie jizid t;..-fr„-, it; expiration.
No liability for aeelileni‘4 or escapes, but all
niil be taken in an.f a dullar required"
for tho groom. Any Mare 'Sent to remain witu
Truffle will be fed widegruin, at ten del ars per ,
month, -J;. ROWELL.
AngHst/ j. ISuZ-r _ ' 32—lt
Hi ai> Qi'AfiTKro, Gxua ii.i, ?
Mjlledgeville, Both A Ugust,- 1837. C
FEpj-ta Caimt ;pn'dcr-in-Cliiei has been request- .
JL ed by the, Sectetary of -War, to furniih,.
troops for-.the ensuing campaign in Florida/
against theTtavstaota' iudiatn/' Two bundroaj
met:, nrcustorfrtd to the use and care of . horst’s,
arc required, who will proceed,by wntqr to'Flo
rida, mid be there .mounted, and ,tl)e bplauco of
the lorcc will be infnifiry. The w|jol<:iiitm!«ertbat
may lie called for is not yet kpowp,.Uht "ns theiri
setv-lcgs will be accessary, early iii October, it u
thought.proper Thus early to call for 'Volunteer*/
The Wai Department desires that the Volunteer
Companies that may offer tluir services, shall bo
detached irom ’Regimental oigauizUtion, and bo’
composed of'r’o; jeiore than one huudred nor less’"'
than sixty-eight pryvatgr,
The Commaudcr-io.-Chief now invltes ilie pat ,
riotic Georgians to enme .forward, nnd once-mnro
give. a helping baud to then'- lelfow-i-ilizons-of
Flqr'di. ' ? ' ’ ’ ' ' '. .' ”
By order of the Commander in-Chief.
BOLLING H. tRORINSUN,
Aid de Camp.,
Qjr’Tim Standard ef.Uj'ipn, Federal.,Union,
and Georgia Journal' nt iMifedgevific, the Georgia ’ -
Constitutional:/;*, at Augusta, the Georgian, anil ’
Republican, p.t Sarantjab, the Telegraph, at,
Darien, nnd the Sentinel, at Columbus, will each
give the above jltgco. ißsecuoi’.s. :h—3t '
By Id- ILLIAM. Y, G-ovepnor ,of f
said Siafc.
HE RE AS, I.have received official infor-
Wt? motion that a murder was committed ia
the.ctfuuty <>f Baker, en thq 26th day of July last,'
upon the body of’Neweil.Jl.Thomas', by' DutfcXtt
M Corquedii.e. Audit being represented tome’
that the said Diiura.ii McCorquedale has fled,
from Justice, Fliave tliougfit.proper to issue this '
rtiy Prorl. lm c.(ion, hereby offering a reward of'.
Ttso idiiridrt’dand Fifty Dollar*, to any person or '
persons'Klfo may apprihrm-T and deliver the said”
Dunean to the Sheriff hr Jailor,of said county of .
Baker.—And I do moreover charge mid require
all officers, both civil and military, of this St'ate,
to be vigilant in endeavoring to -apprehend nnd
deliyvr tne said fugitive as aforesaid, inorder that
he may be tried Jer lhe offence so charged upon
him. ‘ ’
Duncan M’Corqtiedalo Is represented to lie about
35 years of age. black hair aud ryes—eyes deeoly
sunk in his head, about five fest four or five inches
high, shoulders projecting forward, thin visage,
sandy bpard..vxhtajng voice, ami very talkative.
Griy-en under rny’Uand and the Great Seal of the
State, at the Capitol in MillcdgerlUq, this'
thirty-first day of August, Ti’hteenHtmdredJ
and Thirty-seven, and of the fudepenileiice’
cf the. United States the Sixty-secontL
WILLIAM SCHLEY.
By the Governor, • • ■ '
W iit.iAM A. Tennille, Secretary of State.
(Kf* The Macon Telegraph, and Cohtmbtts
S.sntine’, will give the above two insertion's.
’ Sept. 5. 1837—34—2 t „ ' ' •
a e* isoc ib
GEORGTAf -f' r :■' ' 4
BIJ WILLIAM SCHLEY, Governor of..
said State.'' ’’ '' " '
Will REAS, I have received official.infor
m-ttiontfrat GEORGE SMlTH,charged
with the murder of hue tlduliU andAvlib w as late-'
ly confined in the Jail of Camden county, in this
State, hj(s prokcii saiij Jpil, ait J d.,rnadeliis escape.
Now, in order that he may he retaken and brought
to trial upon said chr.ijgepdLEsp.-p thought proper
to issue this my PzacZmrrc.'hqp, h,erchy ’offering n re
ward cf Two Hundred anflFifty DpllorTt, to any
person or perstms who may,apprehend and deliver
the said George Smith, tp, the Shnriff or. Jailer of.
said county of Camden. Anil. I.'dp 'moreover,'
charge and require all officers, bot,uyiviljand mili
tary, to lie vigilan.t in endeavoring te.apprehend,
and deliver-him,as .aforesaid. '
George Smith, is vept-ysctited to be ahout 35
years of sign, dark hair, mid rather dark com
ple.jicn, about 5 fcet.B or 10 inches high, find is a.
native ofuuc of the Northern States. ‘ ‘
Given under mv hand, mid the Great Jjealof the
State, at the Capitol, iii Milledgeville,' tins first
day of. ScptemUerj UJightecn. Hundred, and.
Thirty-seven, and of the Independence of the'
United States, the Sixtv-sceoml.* ’ ’ ' '
WILLIAM SCHLEY.
By tho Governor. ‘ ‘
William A. .Te.\.\ji.le, Secretary of State.
(Tyj’ The Savannah Georgian, nud'Darieh Te
legraph, will give the above two insertions!'
Sept. 5,1837. ,‘M-9w
PROPOSALS FOR C.iItRYING THE.
MAIL OF 'THE UNITED STATES,
frtfih tlio (st. of. December next, to the-3Lst of De
cember, 1838, on The fallowing I‘iist. Route in
Georgia, will bo received at.th® Deparinieht, un-*
til the 19th day of Oc.tdber.next, inclusive, to bo
.decided-by tho 21st day oftanid month': "
IN GEORGIA. "
No. 2386.; From MilJcdge.yillc. by Clopton’s
Mills, Stauforq's Cross'Roads, and. South Union
to Monticello, 30 miles and back once a week. 1
Leave Milledgeville every Eridtfv at G,A-M.,
arrive at Mqiiticelfo same day l»y 5 J?. M.
Leave MmHicello. every Satr.,day nt. A. AL,
arrive at Milledgeville same tiny bv SR. M. ' '
NOTLS.
1- Fhe route, tho sum, tlie mode o.f service.,
aurt.the residence of the bidder, slmuld be dw,-
tinctly stated in each bid.
2. No proposer) will- be considered, tudess.it hg,
nccompanie i by a guaranty signed by o.uo or
morc respoupiblu peisoijs, m the foUowtatg ip.yub
'iz;--
'■ The undersigned guar an tv
'hat , if his bid for carrying thp Maij,
from- to be accepted by fhp.
Postmaster General’, shalletvter fato a« obligation,
prior to the Ist day of December next, with go,od(
and sufficient sureties, to perform flic
proposed... c"
M Datc4 .1837*
Thu should bo aceompauiod by the certie«atn
of a Tost master, or other equivalent testimony,
that the guarantors are men of pioperty, eucl
able to make good their guaranty.
Tho bids should be. sent to tho Dcpartmcut
sealed, endorsed “ Proposals for Route No.
2386,’' and addressed to the First Assistant Post
mastir General. B. R. ROBBIE,
Acting Postmaster Genera).
Tost Office De.fabtmext, >
■August 18, 18:37. $ 33—m10
E the bearer thirty one dollars anti
Jri.™ fsftv cents, for value received. Aw
27, 1887. (Signed) I. T. CUSHING, Jr.” c
Phe aliovo ts n copy cf a duo bid, given by thr>
undersigned All perst us are eanticned
tradme for the same, as : t has I ecu settled, ami
lins been lost or misplaced.
I T. GVSUJNG, .G.
I r ’f’o ’d’"rs, 3-I—-Tt,