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sops, Ufiiich in their structure and color were, apparently, quite
»’ the smne, and yet tj>f occtt'ar expre sion ol e ieh individual was
/pei f cjXr different. Sam? owe the expression of their counte
to thturyes. others t<> the mouth ; nor is it upon the
to sny * hich feature is the most expressive. The
intellect, I believe, L more especially communicated by the '
eye«, and the the mtuth. I never knew a man of
imaginative geiiids who ba I not tine eyes.— Maekaish.
We extract humorous story from "Hodge 8c
Boylan’s published al Halifax, N. C., as far
back as 1805. 4
A HOLY PACK OP CARDS.
On Richard a solder, attending divine service’
with the rest of the regiment, in a church in Glasgow, instead
of pulling out a bible to find the parson’s text, spread a pack
of cards lietore him. This behaviour was observe Iby the cler
gyman and sergeant of the company to which he belonged. I
The latter ordered him to put up the cards, an I on his refusal
conducted him after service, before the mayor, and pref, red a ,
formal complainkof Richard's indecent behaviour :—Well, Sol
dier, said the mayor, what excuse have you to offer? If you
can make an apology it is well, if not you shall be severely
punished.—Since your honor is so good, replied Richard, as to
permit me to speak for myself, an’t please your w orship, I have
been eihgl days on the inarch w ith the bare allow am eof six
pence per day, and consequently could not have a bible or
any other good book—on saying this, Richard drew out
his pack of cards, and presenting one of the aces to the
Mayor, continued his address to the magistrate as follows:
When I see an ace, may it please your honor, it reminds me that
there is only one God ; and when I look upon a tw oor three,
the former puts me in mind of the Father, ami S n, ami the
latter of the Father, Son ami Holy Ghost; a four, of the four
Evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John; a fne, the five
wise virgins who were ordered to trim their lamps, (there were
ten indeed, but five, your worship may remember, were wise
and live were foolish;) a six, that in six days God created,
heaven ami earth ; a seven, that on the seventh day he rested 1
from all that he had made; an eight, of the eight righteous
persons who were saved from the deluge, viz: Noah and ids
wife and three sons and their wives ; a nine, of the lapers
cleansed by our Saviour, (there were ten, but one only offered
his tribute of thanks;) and a ten, of the ten commandments.
Richard then took the knave, placed it beside him, and passed
on io the queen, on which be observed as follows :—this queen
remitidsnie of the queen of Sheba, who came from the utter
most parts of the earth to hear the w isdom of Solomon, as her
cotupani >n the king does of the great king of Heaven, and of
king George the second.
M eb, returned the Mayor, you have given me a good de
scription oi all the cauls except the knave. If’your honor will
not be angry with me, returned Richard, I can give you the
same sati.fiction on that as on any in the pack. No, said the
Mayor. Well, returned the soldi', r, the greatest knave I know
is the sergeant who brought me bt fore you. 1 don’t know,
replied the Mayor, whether he be the greatest knave or not, but
I am sure he is the greatest fool. The soldier then continued
as follows. Wnen 1 count the number of dots in a pack of
cards, there are 365—50 many days are there in a year. The
cards in a pack are 52—so many weeks are there in a year ; >
when I reckon how many tricks there are in a pack, I find there i
are 13—so many months are in a year. So that this pack of
cards is both bible, ahntknack and prayer book to me. The ;
mayor called bis servants, ordered them to entertain the soldier
well, gave him a piece of money, and said lie was the cleverest
fellow he ever heard in all his life.
Til E.NTI-m-’i'll C'O.NGKl'SS—Secoisd Session.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Saturday, January 13, 1838.
RELATIONS WITH MEXICO.
The House resumed the consideration of the following resolution i
submitted by Mi. Adams on the 18th uh.
Resolved, That the President of the United States be requested !
to communicate to this House a copy and translation of the pamph- !
let in the Spanish language, stated in the report of d e Secretary of
State to this House, to have been printed and circulated by the late !
Minister from the Republic of Mexico, Gorostiza, before hisdepar
ture fioni this country, and the name of a diplomatic functionary'
from a foreign Government who communicated a copy ofsaid oamph
let to the Secretary of State.
The question pending was the motion of Mr. Howard to strike out
all that part relating to the na no ol the diplomatic functionary, after
the word “ country,” in the eighth line.
Mr. Holsey did not rise fur the purpose of discussing the motifs of j
the proposition immediately Itcforc the House, but simply to reply
to the observations of the c< nilcman from Kentucky (Mr. Mi nifee,’)
who had on a previous div, when this resolution was under discus
sion, charged the late Adminbfration with a breach of neutral rela
tions with the Government of Mexico. He denied the imputation,!
and invited that gentleman to lay his finger upon a single instance in ‘
which this Government had failed to act in strict conformity to the i
laws of nations. 1 here are but two inodes of deriving neutral obli
gations—one from the conventional, the other from the natural anti
necessary law of nations. \\ ill the gentleman from Kentucky pro
duce the treaty of neutrality between the two powers ? The subsis
ting treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, is not of that charac
ter. It does, indeed, define the rights and obligations of neutrals,
whilst the parties choose to retain that character, but does not bind
either of the parties to remain neutral in a contest with a third pow
er - The treaty establishes the rights and privileges of neutrals, but
the question, who are neutrals? it leaves to bedecidt d by tho natu
ral law of nations. By this law you remain neutral so lone as you
extend to the belligerants equal privileges.—Nou shall not" deny to
one, in consequence of the war, what you grant to the other, /f is
not a violation of neutiality to pennit one of the belligerants to enlist
troops within your dominions,provided you do not rrclude the oth
na,'ons of Europe engaged in war, enter the Republic of I
Switzerland and enlist her citizens, whilst none of the belligerants
ever complain of such permission as a breach of neutrality. Yet us
then, apply the law to tho/acts of the case before us. I shall take
the strongest case put by the gentleman from Kentucky, of the offi
cers of Texas enlisting soldiers within our jurisdiction'. Now (It's is
a privilege granted, we will suppose, to one of the belligerants. Ha
lt been refused to the other? Has any discrimination between
the parties been made by the Government? It is true, sir,
that the act of 1818 excludes both parties from recruiting
within .our limits.—But this act is a domestic regulation—
it prohibits that which the law of nations permits. A rehixa-
tion of that policy concerns this nation exclusively. Withits exe
cution or non-execution foreign notions have nothing to do. All that
they demand when in a state of war, is that the door shall be opened
or closed’upon botlip. r ios al k-. If xon enforce the act against the
one, you must also enforce it as to the other. If you relax it as to
one, so you must as to the other. Now, sir, I affinn there was no
thing tn the course of the last Administration towards the two powers
of Mexico and Texas, contrary to the principle just stated. If the
people of the United States choose to serve tinder the banner of
Texas rather than that of Mexico, it is not chargeable to the Gov
ernment. They act only in pursuance of a perfect right allowed
them by the aw of nations. Nations engaged in war have no ri"'it
to impute to a third power the conduct of its citizens who take part
in the war. Such a practice would multiply the causes of war, and
be subversive of the pe ace o f nations j, is not rs , |[l( ,
custom of the enlightened nations of Europe.—But as, between'
Mexico and I eras, the question occurs how far foreign nations may !
interfere, I shall admit it to be a sacred principle, that von arc not a|-
Jovved to intermeddle in the domestic quarrels of other States The
incipient stages of revolt, a popular commotion, or an insi.i
rection, do not furnish proper or legitimate ground for interfer
»nce.
When, however, the contest has readied the higher appellation of
CtVlZwar, you n:< ; at liberty to take tho justice of the came into 'mu
xideratmn, arid join the party whom you may deem to have justice :
onttssii. . Sm !i wa :tlm conduct of Fram ein our stnmde for in
dependence. Such was the course of the allied sovereigns w h -ar.es
ted the rr-rc,. of the O/’oman in the ,y„ rwZ) iir|(| . ent f |)in|
from grinning to toe dust a propio whose ancestors are reno vned in
history. Ihe war between Mexico and Texas lias been of a sitni- !
Ur character. The latter are a propio cradled in American liberty, I
once enjoying a federal system similar to our own, but resistin'- the |
overthrow of the Constitution and the match of a military chief"to a I
throne. Ine struggle soon av nmed the character of civil war. j
Fhey were from thenceforth belligerants, governed bv the 1.w.0f
war. It was a right of this nation to have taken sides’ will. Texas,
had she seen proper to do so. By that art she might have abr -at' <1
the treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation with Mexico, I, ,t i
would not have been a violation of the fiith of treaties! The use !
of her liberty wou'd only have d-p. is e<| h rof the i i-l.is' of timt’ra!-
ity defined by the treaty. But this Government has not exorcised its
right to become parly to a war from which it is not prechid I by a
treaty of neutrality. It has given no just offence to either of the
parties, because it has been impartial between them. It ba. not ar
retted its citizens from a p;.iticipation in the struggle; nor do the i
laws of nations require it. If the ultra-pacific. policy contained in the
act of 1818 has not been enforc ' d, it is altogether a matter of domes
tic concern. If the Executive lias relaxod its execution, it is f or
the /fmerican to judge liow fai the n iture of ( t l( . ( . ont ,.,| r( ,_
quired it, and is no just ground of complaint on the part of 111 cr
ies.
IN SENATE.
Monday, January 22, 1838.
The Vice President communicated a letter from the Hon. John L
Black, Senator from the State of Mississippi, resigning his scat in the ! I
neaate of the United States ; which was read. I
1
T! e \ ice President also communicated a report from the Post ;
Os: e Department, in compliance with tire resolution ol June 25,
IS >;>, sho.-. ing the emoluments by the deputy postmasters
tiom ttieu- boxes and the amou.its charged on each box : laid on the
table and < rdered to be printed.
Mi. Swift pre ented a memorial from the Governor of the Slate of
\ et monf, asking Congress to extend the franking privilege to the
Governors of the States: laid on the tabic.
Mr. I.unq kin said, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate,
a comm.inication from tin: War Department has been made, and has
been lying on your table for a week or more past, furnishing copies
oi the cot respondence held w ith that department in connection
w ith the subj-’ct ot the execution of the Cherokee treaty of 1835.
Mr. Tipton inquired if the document which the Senator referred
to was the memoii.tl of John Ross and others, presented at the last
session, and I lid on the table.
Mr. Lumpkin replied that it was not, and again explained the na
! turc of the document.
My object (continued Mr. L.) in rising at this time, is to ask for
the p. inting of the communication referred to, together with the ac
companying correspondence. Although 1 have not bad an oppoit t
i nitv el ex.imining fully wh it lias Ixftm communicated rp mth s sub
ject, I t ike it for granted tint the requiremmits oi the resolution
inve been complied with; and if so, I deem it important that the
Sentie an,l the country should, without delay, be put in possession
ol' the ini'orinition comm.inieated. The importance which lattai h
lo hiving this itd'oruntion diffused, arisen from the consideiation th t
it wiil ten.l effectaally to disabuse tl.e minds ol those who labor un
der the misapprehension which has been created by Mr. John Ross
and his associates in regard to the validity of the treaty referred to.
V, 'die Mr. iloss continues to protest against the validity ol the
treaty, ami is reinotistrating to every department ot the Gov< rnment
agtinst in execution, this communication will show that the Govern
ment not onlv considers the treaty tho stijireme law of the land, but
has steadily progressed in its execution, and that the treaty lias ac
ttnllv, to a very uri'at cxtent, been already executed. That much,
to r / much, Im been done towards theexeiution of the treaty, which
cannot he undone.
With me, sir, the pres-at condition ol the Cherokee people is a
subject of great soiicitude. In whatever light I may ha viewed here
or i l-ewlt- re, in regard to my feelings and policy towards this people,
; I am conscious th it the day will come, and is not now fir distant,
when my course <:f policy towards these people, from first to last,
will receive the geneial approbation of all those who aie well inform-,
e.l on tin- subject. At ibis moment, sir, nothing hinders the consum
mation of this treaty with the Cherokee people, which would make
them not only comfortable, but place within tlieii reach t e means of
making them the most independent and best provided for people of
any community in these United States, but the opposition of Mr.
John Ross and his associates, aided as they are by manv influential
and talented individuals, whom 1 am forced to believe arc laboring
under great misapprehensions, in regard to the true state and condi
lionof these people, and the impending dangers which are threaten
ing them at the ptesent moment.
i I'iiis treaty, sir, has been made and ratified according to the forms
! of our Constitution.—lt was negotiated with a delegation of the
Cherokee people, who, in point of intelligence, patriotism, education,
' morality an I probity of character, will not only bear a fair compar
ison with Mr. Ross and his delegation, now perhaps in the hearing of
■ my voice, but they would gain by a comparison with anv delegation
. ol' the aboriginal race who have ever negotiated and signed a treary
with the United St ites.
1 have seen, and read sir, Mr. Ross’ memoiial, and ils appenda
ges, to th- present Congress, which have been printed by tin: other
branch ot' Congress, and laid upon our tables. In that memorial,
■ lie greatly derogates from the character, and impugns the motives
' ot the individuals who negotiated and signed the treaty of 1835.
j Aud that document being printed and circulated bv order of one
' branch of Cougiess, 1 will now notify the Senate that I have in mv
possession a document, written by Elias Boudinot, late Editor of the
Ch>'iokee Pli-puix, and one of the principal agcius who ne<>otiated
and signed the late treaty of 1835, in the nature of a reply to the
various allegations contained iti the waitings of Mr. Ross herein re
ferred to. Air. Boudinot is a man of edttcati >n, refinement, probity,
ami high moral sense at d charactei, and has at all times been the
I aide ami efficient advocate and defender of lite rights of his people.
He lias been with them in .six troubles, and is not disposed to forsake
I them in their seventh. If left to Ids guidance,lm would gently lead
I them ui:t of all liie dilficultii s by which they are surrounded, and
plant tin in in the land of excellent promise. Mr. Boudinot is not
only ;; nominal Cherokee ; heis identified by blood and feeling with
ihe-<> people, having but little mixture of white blood in his veins.
The propriety of priming the communication, and reply to which
I have adverted, arises from the fact, that the Cherokee people are
kept in a slate of delusion and misapprehension in regard to their
present conditi m. They unfortunately believe that Mi. Rossis here,
doing something to abrogate or overturn the late treaty, and no
doubt many of them believe that no valid ttealy has been made.
'I bis is a ruinous delusion to these unfortunate people, for the time
is now drawing to a close when they must take their departure for
their new homes in the West. Tho time stipulated for their final
departure is tn May next; and when the time arrives,go they must :
no power can abrogate or overturn this treaty. And these people,
instead ol being kept back by the operations of Mr. Ross, ought to
yield to the advice of better friends, who stand ready to take them
by the hand, and • lead them forth to their promised land of rest,
where 1 trust these unfortunate people will cease to be troubled bv j
the white population. Payments have been made under the provis
ions of this treaty to a very large amount. Nine-tenths of the most i
intelligent and wealthy Cherokees have availed themselves of tlie ad
vantageous and liberal provisions of the treaty, and have become re
cipients under i-s provisions, and have aud aie going to the West.
The only difficulty is with the ignorant and deluded, who are still
looking to tke operations of Mr. Ross and his delegation, w ho, I un
derstand, still remain here, and I am informed are writing letters
home that their ptospects arc enco'raging. Now, every one here
very wed knows that this treaty will be executed; but these
unfortunate Cherokees are still deluded through the channel pointed
out.
The question then being taken on printing 500 extra copies of the
communication from the War Depot tm< t 1, it was agreed to.
Mr. Lumpkin then offered the following resolution, which was con
sidered and adopted :
\\ itr.nr.As, A memoiial, accompanied by various other documents,
ol a delegilion ol the Cherokee nation ot Indians, remonstrating
against the validity of the Cherokee treaty of 1835, has been print
ed by order of the House of Represt litativcs ; and whereas said
memorial and documents not only call in question the validity ofsaid
treaty, but the motives of those individuals of the Cherokee nation
who negotiated and signed said treaty on the part of the nation:
And w hereas, E:i is Boudinot, l ite editor ol the Cherokee Phtr
irx. and one ot the piiucipal agents of the Cherokee nation, who
tv gotiated and -ign<-d said treaty, has written a reply to the various
alleg ationsset forth in the memorial referred to: therefore be it
llesolrcd, That (ificen hundred copies of the reply ofMr. Boudi
not referred to be published for the use of the Senate.
-Mi.S'h... pre ented the petition of Samuel Potter, which was
toll i rcd t.i the Committee on Commerce.
The b.H to provide for the security of passengers conveyed in ves
sels propelled in whole, or in part, by steam, was taken up; and af
ter being debated at some length, and various amendments and mod
ifications adopted,
I’he Senate adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Monday, January 29, 1838.
CHEROKEE MEMORIAL.
1 he House resumed the consideration of the memorial of John
Ross and other Indians of that tribe, remonstrating against the
treaty at Now Echota.
The question pending was on the motion of Mr. Hopkins to re
consider the vote ol the House of Monday List, relssin--- to lav the
memorial on the table. s ?
Mr. Everett inquired if the motion to reconsider was debetca
bl;:
1 It ■ chair replied tn it generally a motion to reconsider opened
Hie whole merits of the question ; that is, if the original motion un
ci r it was a debatt able one ; but the motion to lav on the table not
being debaleable,cons< ..uently, that to re-eonsidi'r it could not be.
Alter some lurthei conversation bit ween the chair and Mr. Em
i' tr, t.i.' latter gentleman asked for the yeas and nays on the motion
to r: -consider, which were ordered, and were -yeas ]2l nays 8° as
j follows : ' » J -> ■
p. Admiton, Beatty, Boirne,
anan, Bynum, John Calhoun, Cambrcleng, Timothy J. Carter, Ca
sey, Ch.mihers ( i.amy, Chapman, Cillev, Cleveland, Clownoy
Colnn, (ml. ~ Connor, Craig, Crary, Cushman, Dawson, Davee,
D nms Duncan, Eduards, Ehnore, Farrington, Fairfield Foster
Iry,(„.llup, Gliolson Glascock, James Graham, Grantland,’
n't ’ m" I ."’ H "nmond, II irrison, Hawes, Havnns,
HiiLev, .L. t, Hop,,im S , Howard, Hublev, high tm, Thomas B. j,;ck- |
s m,.Jabez Jackson, Joseph Johnson, Nathaniel Jones, John W.
Jones, K'.mble Klmgcnsmith, L ;iw ] ( . g Lp „; h
Uoorn.x, Lv<.n, James M. Mason, Martm, ,M< L n. Robert M.Clel
l .n, Abr.iL.m McClellan, M. Kim, Miller, Montgomery, M-.ore,
Morgan, IW. Morns, Muhlenberg, Noble, Owens,' Pa
, I aitm.))!) r, I nton, Paynter, Pennvbm ker, Petrikin,
p-'.i ! ’ S ', " Imu-r, P, )tl er, Pratt, Prentiss, Rencher, Rhett,
.. )< .laxlson, .shield-, Sheplor, Smith, Southgate, Spencer, Stewart !
•■.'one, I aylor,'l’itns, Toucey, Turur'v, Vail, Vande veer, VVa<r.--
ner, Week., John White, Jared W. Willi mis, Joseph L. Williams,
Worthington and \ ell —l2l.
i> ' A A lams, Alexander, Hernan Allen, AycrDg Bel
Loud Borden Briggs, William B. Calhoun, William B. (huLpbell,'
< Imalhain, Cnil h t.orno,, Cranston, Crockett, Curtis, Darliimtou,
..ivms, Deberry, Dunn Evans, Everett, Ewing, Richard Fletcher,
•dlmore James .uk'nd, Ric< ; Gat land, Good.', Graham, Graves,
I-- I, ILdsteml Harlan, Harper, Hastings, Henry, Herod,
llollmm, kobert M. I. Hunter, Daniel Jenifer, William Cost John
smi. L ik oln Molory. M irvm, Samson, Mason, M aurv, Maxwell
McKennan, M Tcer, Milligan, Mitchell, Mathias M.nHs, Calvary
;> " n | IS ’ I ?' I ' y<>S ’ °7?'l I’earce, Potts, Rariden, Randolph
lieed, Ridgway, Robertson, Rumsey, Russell, Augustine 11. Shep
herd, Sibley, Stanley, Stratton, Taliaferro, Tillinghasf, Toland,
j I' nderw'ood, \\ eiistcr, A lici t S. White, Elisha Whittlesey, Shcr
| rod \\ ill in ms, Chi istopher H. Willi i in j , , > ise, an I Vorke— 81.
So the House resolving to ru-consnler the vote, the question
i recurred upon the motion to lay the memorial on the table: on
I whii h,
Mr. 1- illmore asked for the jcas and nays, which were ordered,
and were—veas 123, nays 85, as f Rows:
i —Messis. Anderson, Andrews, Adiorton, Beatty, Boirne,
I Bicknell, Birdsall, B oou, Bouldin, Brodhead, Bronson, Bruyn, Btnli
anan, Bynum, John Cdhoun, Cambrcleng, Timothy J. Carter,
Casey, < haney, Chapman, Cillev, Cleveland, Clowney, Coles,
Connor, ( raig, ( tary, Cushman, Dawson, Davee, Dennis, Drom
goole, Duncan, Edwards, Elmore, I'm rington, Fairfield, Richard
I'letcher, foster, I-ry, Gallup, Gliolson, Glascock; J. Graham,
(•ran lla nd, (•rant, (■ rillin, 11 ilcy, Haminonti, 11 iriison. Ha wes. 1 law
kins, Haynes, Holsey, Holl, Hopkins, Howard, Hublev, Thomas B.
Jackson, Jabez Jackson, Joseph Johnson, N. Jones, j. W. Jones,
Kemble, Klingensmith, Lawler, Legate, Lewis, Logan, Loomis,
Lyon, Janies M. 51 ison, Martin, Al.iv, McKav, Robert McClellan,
XbralniuMcClel! in, McClure, McKim, iMJler, Montgomery, Moore,
Morgan, S. \V . Morris, Muhlenberg, Nolde, Owens, Palmer, Par
ker, Parmenter, Patton, Paynter, Peanybacker, Petrikin, Phelps,
, i i kens, Pi t er, Potter, Pratt, Pi Rencher, Rhett, Richard
son, Lives, Sawyer, Shields, Shepl. r, S.n-'.h, Southgate, Spencer,
Stewart, Stone, la\ ]oi; t T;o : s, i’oi.cav. Turney, \ ail, \ anderveer,
Wagener, Webster, Weeks, Jure.l W.' Williams, Jos. L. Williams,
Wort I tin gio n and Yell—*-]o>.
N A i S---Messrs. Adams, Alexander, Hernan Allen, Avcrigg, Bell,
Biddle, Bond, Bolden, Brig ;s, William B. Calhoun, ‘ William B.
Campbell, Widiam B. Carter, Chambers, Cheatham, Childs, Cor
win, (.'anston, ( roekelt, ( u’li<, Darlington, Davies, Deberry,
Dunn,.Evans,-Everett, Ewing, Fdlmore, Rice Garland, Good, Wil
liam Graham, Grcnnell, Hall, Halstead, liarl tn, Harper, Hastings,
llenty, Herod, Ogden li. iimt i , Rid.eit M.'l'. Hunter, William Cost
Johnson, Lincoln, Mallory, Ma; via, S imson Mason, M itirv. Max
well, Kennan, Menefee, M rcer, Milligan, Mitchell, Mathias
Morris, ( ali ary Alonis, Noyes, Ogle, Patterson, Pearce, Potts, Rar
iden, Randolph, Reed, Ridgway, Robertson, Rumsey, Russell, A.
H. Shcpiienl, ( harles .Shepard, Sibley, Slade, Stanley, Stratton,
Paliuferro, Tillinghast, 'l’oland, Undi'-rwood, A. S. White, John
White, Elisha Whittlesey, Lewis Williams, Sherrod Williams,
Christopher 11. Williams, Wise, and Yorke—Bs.
So the memorial was laid on tl e table.
v-c. ■ L
| t'raia th ■ Glolii-.]
PO LIT IC A L \ BOL ITI ON! SM.
The .Abolitionists have heretixfore been looked upon entirely as a
fanatical sect, aiming only at general emancipation, beginning with
emancipation in the Districtof Columbia. But this is too narrow a
i view. That sect is now poLtictd, aiming at political power, and
allying itself with the Federalists to carry the elections in the non
sLiveholding States. All this is apparent, both in the abolition news
papers, and in the speeches and doings of the leading Federalists.
Noth.ng can exceed the kindness and affection with which the Abo
litionists speak of the Federalists ; and as for these latter, they ful
fil to the letter the instruction which is given to indulgent husbands
| towards their gentle spouses; “ lie to tin:ir rh tins veri/ find; be
to their faults a little blind.'' This the Federalists realize every
time they speak of the Abolitionists, and with this cooing and billing
the Abolitionists arc perfectly contented, ai d extol ti c Fedcralis's to
the skies, while covering the Republicans with calumnv and oppro
bium. Os this love of oneside, and hatred of the other, we pre
sent the following specimens from‘the last Emancipator:
“ Rumor says that a talented young member from Kentucky,
j Mr. Menifee, astounded the convention by a burst of powerful olo
' qucnco, in which lie deprecited lids separate 'iganizmion- -expos- d
i tho tendency of the course of certm-i gi-mlemei;—and reprobated
| iu the most indignant manner every thing that looked, however re
motely, t.i disunion. He gave the meeting to tit. lerstand distinctly
that Iventucky would not bear of a dissidution of' this Union, in anv
event now likely tolnppen. From all that 1 learn, 1 am certain
that Mr. Menifi e spoke like a trui patriot—-a fiten lto free discus
sion—-to the Union—and to the whole country. Mr. Menifee is a
slaveholder.
“ Kentucky and Ti nnc co, the two most decwivtly fVhig States
of a I the slaveholdiiig si ( iton, v. dl indignantly fi owti upon the undim
excitement and violence, wk'n h a certain clique appear so anxious to
produce. The members from those Stales will consult with thair
general committee, composed of one member from each slavehold
ing State, which Las I eenappointed ; but I venture to sav, they will
go no farther. There arc m nv members also from other States,
such as Mr. Preston of S./iith Carolina, Mr. is* of \ irginia, (,’oL
Dawson, and others of tho same hi;;: character, devoted above all
things to the Union and the Constittitimi ; and to them we may con
fidently look to give such a direction t.i lite proceedings of their as
i sociates, as can scarcely be. expected from a different set of persons
: whose chief aim is to combine the South for political purposes of
! their own.”
* * # *
“ Mi ssr.-. Alien of Ohio, Buchanan of I’.mnsy'-.ania, Hubbard
and fierce, of New I lamp.hire, Niles an! Smith, of Connecticut,
Lyon and Norvell, of Michigan, Young and Wright, of New York,
\\ i.liams of Maine, doughfaces, had iictter accept of Executive a>>-
pointments, if they can get them, for they will be ma ked by th
j people, as having ptostituted thmns.ilves to tlm pledge of doi.'o- all
they can to STRENGTHS \ SLAVERY !
* * * *
“ Had tho twelve dmighfaco I Senators vot.- l according to t’m sen
timents of their constituents, the votes won'i have been the other
w ax, o\ i in i jorily ot l »vo, and h s-1 the e; g:i t al *am tees been present
<ilso and voted, n'.idtfic.itmti woulu h ive I .-n tint down by a vote of
31 to 21. ' J
* * * *
“ So, ot rdoughfices h ivn degra L d th mtselve-, to save the Union
for nothing at all, for tlm Union is not going to bo dissolved at anv
late. They can t fmd the seam. Kentm !;v and Tenitessec don’t
• go. And we venture to say, Old Virginia v.oti’t go for that. The
South presents nothing like ti e “ imbrokmi front,” of which cur
Congressional spoolers m.d clerical dei laimers from the South, mid
their doughfaced supporters at the North, have so often a smed u...
j Same of them mean to oppose argument will, argument as well as
they can, and w.ien argninent fails, to try words, ami if that don’t
answer, why, they will—” let it rain.” He honor their pru
(lt nccy
The reader wi’d see that own person praise 1 bv the \liolitionlst
is a Federalist; ex ery one abused by them is a Reptiblican ; thus
showing the complete t> >!it'• il hue which the Almlitimiists observe
i i their frien Is'iips ai I h itr.'ds. Even States are loved in propor
tion to their Wiiigery, or Federalism. Kentucky and Tennessee,
says the ibma.ncip itor, at" th : nu t deci dvr-ly 'Whig Stales, an !
therefore, receive their appLiusn. Bit this anplauso will be with
drawn. 1 hose States are not ?ed.>r:ii ;at the bottom they arc Re
publican, and as such the-, will appear ; ami then they will be hono
red with the abuse of lie Fcdeial \ loditioiilsts.
Having shown ta it I'eiler.iltsm and V'luhtianism arc political al
ites, nwc in onlmg tog *t uer t-> secure the political power of’ tho
8 a'e G iveriiments an 1 ol the I-ode.-al Govermm nt, we think it
material to show what object these Abolitionists have in view. For
this purpose, let them speak for themselves. The Emmcipator of
January 4 - ays :
I lie whole I. nited S'ale.s can be converted to abolition. The
American Anti-felav« ry Society begun four years .go, few in num
ber, and with little personal influence, and with a n ime enveloped on
the thickest clouds of obloquy and misapprehension. If we have i
gained what this list fells, we can gain the rest. If wc can gain'
New England,we can gain New York and Pennsylvania. If we
can gain tl,e East, we can gain the West. If we can gain the free
States, we can gain the slave States. And by the blessing of God,
keeping us straight in our course, and opening the hearts of men to
receive the truth, WE WILL.”.
* * # #
“ 1 ho effect of the ‘ cdiel’ at Alton lias onlv vet began to be sein.
But we In lieve that, as blood has began to flow, slavery’s altar will
not b ■ dry until victim i fail, or th ■ altar itself is ovcrthi own tiirmi Ji !
the power of trith, or by tiie bands of p ib’ie. virtue.”
“ rmislll.ifiiriayyrfSlarrry.—'lf s’a,- ;1 y can s'mid tke te tof
the Bilde aid the U:;it< d > talcs Constitiitioi', it u ill stand ‘ forever.’
It finally piovcd to becontrary to l itlrnr otu-, its tall i, ccrlatn. 11
both me lb md to be decide lly and demly ;r ; dn.t if, ils fall must bo
very spec !y. The argument on our first page \ ill be n, wto manv
of our reader-', and worth reading by all. Once tiwak. nin the
minds of legal num the y.vcr.-/whether shivery may no! I:o unconsti- i
tutioual, ami a thotismu-l well li i'med m: :.;., will-be-m the tra I of in
quiry,au-l tbesiihject will be < x imine:l in various views, and urgu- '
merits hitherto undreamedof will be thrust forth and examined. We
would suggest to otir friends the i mport men of improving the first t
favorable, opp irfuntty to :>rmg the q-mstmti oi the con ilituliimalhy
of slavery distinctly before a competent cumt for armiimmt and ad- !
judication.”
Such are the objei-ls ol' Abo'i i-mi.sm, will: which Fi: ;-i I’i-m i.
now allied. i o put flown si iv -rv all r the I tiitetl :’.;ate.-, ami to >
m iketh • negro <•■[ ul to ihe win:',-m m, i f thoii-obj.-ct. N> ypo ■-I
i isy in them in hiding tbeir desigi -, and cloaking their ulte ior plans i
with the .Live trade in the Dimin, ati I Pie rijat of petition. They i
go the whole figure. It is down vidi sLiv tv all ( o. • r the Unieii '
New Engl tu l is to he gim ■ I !i e, an I .tier th tt, N w York an i
I’ennsylvanta, New EngLmd, an I n fact, Mas; ichus t alo-.e, i•: new
r of Ab ilitionis n, and this re nits I■im ’ et let ■ th
chief seat of I'eiL r ilism, ami th- p irticitl ir !i ■! lof >p-•: utio i; of tli ■
gre.lt' h impi >n of the \!> ditionists-—their o. ator in the 110-ise of
Reprcsenfativcs—the Anacharsis Uhlootz of An. ric i, Mr ,’olm I
Quincy Adams. Looking over the names of th.- donors to f
ol Abolitionism for two month ,to wit: Nov nib ranli) c. niber I
and it is seen that the list of nun -1, arranged by Slatesand counties’
make three columns of small pi im, and the suns given amount t.i!
upwards ol .p'B,oj(». ()f these names, Mass iclmsetts alone p - amts
more than half, and of th ■ abouts; l,()()() came from th-ii
State. All the rest of the Union, with EiigLmd and St. Domimm
ad led in, do not give as much as M t riaehilsett . .done. it is the
State wliich is most deeply Federal, and which is al o tlm Slav
bom which Mr. Adams comes, that is now the scat an I soul of Abo
litionisin.
We repeat, \Lolit:onism has heretofore boon despised, and left to
j its; If it would deserve to be so ; but as a political power allied to
Ft deraliim, it is dangerous 1 and in that aspect tlm whole Union
must now regard it.
The position which Mr. Clay and Mr. Webster hold with respect
to tno. A Imlit'mni-sts is now an object ot nation il concern ; and pi'e
tni ung that Mr. Granger, tlm Abolition candidate for Vice President
at th■: I ist Pres; hmtial election, was limit- favorite candidate, we re
cm- to other and additional testimony to show tlifiir actual position
with reg ird totlmse Abolitionists. With this view we present io th.:
public tlm following extract from Mr. Webster’s annunciation
speech for the Presidency, made at New York in March last :
“ On tlm general question of slavery, a gteat portion of the com
l mmiity is already stiongly excitp.l. I’lm subject has not only at
j tiacted attemion as-a question of’ POLI’L’fCS, but it Iris struck a
fir deep- r toned chord. It has arrested the RELIGIOUS feelings
o! the country ; it has taken strong hold on the CONSCIENCES
of men. He is a rash man, indeed, little conversant with human na
ture, an 1 especially Iris he a very erroneous estimate of the charac
ter ol the people of this country, who supposes that a feel ng of litis
kind is to be TRIFLED with or DESPISED. It will assuredly
CALbL itself to Im RESPECTED; It maybe reasoned with:
it may be mi le willing—l believe it is entirely willing—to fulfil ab
existing engagenmtits, ami all existing duties ; to uphold and defend
; llic Constitution, as it is established, with whatever regret about
some provisions which itdoes actually contain. But to toerce it in
tosileuce—.to endeavor to testrain its free expressjon—to seek to
compress and confine it, warm as it is, and more heated as such en
deavors woul 1 inevitably render it—should all this be attempt'd, 1
know nothing even in tlm CONSTLTU t'i(jv, al . j n t | lf! UNION it
self, which would not bo ENDANGERED by the EXPLOSION
which might follow.”
So mncii for i<Jr. eb ter; and that this mode of soothing, cncou;-
.igiiigaad strengthening tlm Abolitionists, is entirely satisfactory to
them, we seetlie proof in all their publications. Now for Mr. Clay.
Afraid of being anticipated by Mr. Webster, he has taken tlm lead al
this session in doing every thing which they wish done; that is to
say, excusing their motives, and claiming for them DISCUSSION
on tlm floor of Congress—getting up a tempest, an I then coming in
to allay it—first ticting the part of the grand disturber, as Mr. Cutb
beit told him, mat lie inignt afte. wards act the part of tlm grand pa
cificator. The-following article from a late Baltimore kepubl cun
shows him as courting the Abolitionists for two years past :
D i.lv tievelopements in Congress go far to prove to the inind of
e.( ry in > i who is n >t abmlutely st ipid, tbit a scheme is on hand to
elevate Air. Clay to tlm Presidency, through the agency of the abo
-I’Uon question. In the game which is now plaving, the hand of Mr.
Clay is p.aln.y to Im seen, a id the man who does not understand t
must bo biindand absolutely incapable of appreciating the conduct and
address of political demagogi'es.
A, only as tlm month ol March, 1836, at a time when the abo
lition qucstidti was first allowed to agitate Congress, Mr. Clay, when
a niotioa to ruler a petition, praying I >r the abolition of slavery and
dm st a» c tmd• in tlie t List: Ict of Columbia, took ad va nta"e of the
times to t.iiow out a bait to the No'-th, and avowed liberty was
the. boon of everyman, no matter what might be his cast, or com
plericn.
‘hi mauing this avowal, it was evident to all who noted it, that
Im leaped to the fl >or to anticipate Mr. Webster, who, up to that pe
tiod, had m lint.lined a pi-.ile’i.rl silence in relation to the abolition
question. M-. Cl.vl iik :lt>t!m North. He s w tint the ferities
werediilv g lining co ive ts, ail h - had m de up his mind to thro.-,
out a g iii trap to c ite,i them. As the Presidential election wasthen
on hand, and as .Mr. Clay was not a candid ite for tlm Presidency, the
poseion he :i sn nod did not awaken that attention to which it was
entitled. By most mon it was suffered to p iss nmdected.
“ ?<lr. Clay, al ttuit period, saw, as plainly as any man could, that
Mr. Van Buren would be elect id, and therefore be threw out his re
mat r.s to 1: ive abe iring on tn.: su-’ce ;sion. V> h > can doubt that
such wa ; Inc fact alter the incidents oi tins week have been rendered
! and noted ?
“On the litth of this ntonlli, Mr. Clay presided at the annual
meeting el the Colonization Society, and, on taking the chair, ad
' dressed that body at some length, and, in tlm course of his rmimrkv
spoke of tlm Abolitionists. And how did be speak of them? In the
terms ol reprobation and reprotu b? As a body of men who were
engaged in a crusade against tlm Union? As a'body of families, un
entitled to the consideiation of men of s-orntd mind? No: far from
it. On the contrary, Ite spoke ol them as well-meaning but mi
guided men, who Irn-a ever much they might Im in e: i or, were entitled
to respectful consideration. V> ho could mt, or did not. understand
and appreciate his objects? Did he not lead the Abolition partv?
And on Monday last, when Air. Wall of New Jersey presented
an abolition petition, which Mr. Calhoun wished to have laid on the
table without debate, what was Air. Clay’s course? He; sternly and
bolitlv advocate I its reception and reteronce l<> tlm Committee on
the District of C olumbia. V> ere not his objects | alpable? Who
can doubt that Air. Clav is to be the candidate of the Whig and Ab
olition parties? Since I commenced this letter, we have bad a scene
oi excitement in the Ilj-.ise, unparalleled in the historv of the coun
try.”
i he extent to which political Abolitionism is now catiied in ma
ny ol Lm I'.mthern States, and thq firm alliance which it has a’readv
m i le with the I-ederalists (calling themselves Whigs) we believe to
be wholly unknown to the Republicans, or even to tlm Whigs them
' ■ ‘Vi's, of the Southern States. vVe think it right, therefore, to give
tin example of this alliance, and to recommend it to every friend of
the L nion. be his politics what they may. It is taken from the Uti
ca (N. Y.) Democrat, and shows ’he alliance between Federal Whig
my ant! Abolitionism i i ttm county of which Utica is the chief town
in. .November last, and which is onlv a sample of the manner in
wlmm they acted every where. ffy s ’lt will be observed that the pro
ce‘ dings on the part ot the Abolitionists were official, being couilm-t
--.oj uy tho officers ol the anti-slavery society of the county, and by
or. er of .tlm society, and it will be noted that the society offer their
fig .likes iiiO i iIO 8D votes in that countv.
Prom the L'tlca(N. J".) Democrat.
•‘L\ e sat ! soon alter the election, and we now repeat, that the
: election ill this county was carried by the political Abolitionists.
Shoillv belore toe election, the followinglett r was addressed to one
ol ti e n'Uiiiiiees lor oi,ice in lids countv; and we believe silliilar let
tyrs w: re ■: dr-.- ,ed to the other candidates, not only la- re, but
tb.ro-Jgliout tlm State.
“Rome, October 16, 1837.
“jZ S ir: Having learned that your political friends have done
y ,,u J le 11 ,Ilo r to pl ice your n ime before the electors of the county of
' • yord.i as a candidate for the office ol , and there being, as is
believed, near L'.- i.'O eb ctors in tins county' who lr ve espoused the
great and eternal prim iples ol the declaration of our independence,
fry which it is asset ted thatall men are created free and equal, with
certain iii:i:ieu :b e i . ;.it ; amongst which are life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness; and behoving th it these rights are violated tn
tny case of tlm Ameritan slave, and that the free colored people ofi
tins State do not possess those rights to which they are entitled, tip- ■
<> i every principle of eternal and equal justice. The object, there- }
tore, ol this comm.inication, is to learn from you whether yon can |
answei, rid how, tlm following questions, which are to be put to the
various candidates who are nominated for an election to th.it office,
t p lithe answers which ye.i may return to the seven questions here
" ith prOjintindeii. or your r.fiusai to answer the same, will depend
wlmtlmryou can receive tlic votes of the gentlemen called Abolition
ists or not, as is believed.
“the questions.
“1. ‘Do j ou believe that petitions to Congress on slavery and the
slave u-ade ought to be received, read, and respectfully considered,
by the Representatives of the people?
“2. ‘Are you opposed to the annexation of Texas to tlm United
State,?
“•?. “Are you in favor of the immediate abolition of slavery in the
i3.s(i ict i»t Columbia.
“ J.‘ Are you in favor of Congress exercising all the constitutional
power it possesses, to abolidi the internal slave tiade between the:
States, and in the I errite; ies where slavery exists?
‘Are you in Livor m extending i jury trial to all persons in this !
Suite Lelote they slud! lm deprived of liberty, whether those persons
Im fugitive slaves or others?
“6.‘Are you in favor of extending the elective franchise to the
t olm-ed man the same as to tlm white?
you in favor of t'm repeal of all laws in this State which
make, a dis inction among its inhabitants on account of color?’
I ho an ;-.v< rs of < andidn'es. or their refusal to answer, will be j
<i..Mi-.i)ule-| in printed Itaud-h:;..-, throughout tiie countv pteviotts to I
ilto elect:.m. As the time to the election is now so short, von will !
tot take it tm'.imi in .. ; n g an answer is most respectfully requested
to . ■ d to t., ■ subscriber at Rome, within three days from the
time of tlm delivery of this comniuni.-ation to you, or it will be con
st .. red as a relus il to answer. The request of tills letter proceeds
u; on this great principle, that the freemen of tt-.is country are enti
tled to know w hat tlm opinions of gentlemen are who are candidates
for their sui!ra-.os, before they aie dollied w ith that important trust.
“n uh sentiments of respect,
1 am vour friend, &■<-.
A. BL tIR,
Pros’t Oneidi counts’ Anti-Slavers’ Society.
L. Ino above coiiimuii'caiion is made in pursuance of a gen
eral principle adopted by the New York State Aiiti-Slaverv So-
Here t 'it’fi' wti; an oft; r “by authority,” of the votes of “2000
'■L'cmr .I, fi cam' . :! \. s ;)s v answer the questions, or w ho, i
in o her woe's, woiild d: cl,ire themselves to l-;e Abolitionists.
‘' sI mi i.d I.: re bo re m.i d that the officers to be chosen in the
comity weto ti T;it, cl.-: k, ami four members of A sembh , and
that there were tinea distinct ami lull nominations made of candi- j
mites l -c those , ffices, viz: one \ an Buren, one Conserve ive, and I
one cal! d \1 big. Ol th? \an Buren candidates, hut one unde :
a y answi r to rr- questions, ol the Conservative none, of tl.e W hig |
tied the following were their answers as published bv order of j
tlm executive committee of tlm Om iJa county Anti-Siaverv So- |
ciely.
1. Lyman ( urti :s, l-,sq. candidate lor sheriff wou'd have had no
objection to give in explicit affirm itive answer to several of the ques
tions, hut I: otn the imp;e sion that an appeal hud boon made to his
• • .t.', and fears. Hedid not wish to be subjected to tlm imputation
‘J im lested motives. Sorer.il ol the questions were comparatively
new, and he had not yet formed a definite opinion upon them. Ho
could not, however, with truth, give a negative to either of them, i
He regarded slavery as n ' u ‘ <•’. d, a foul st: ,m:i upon us as a
nation, and would siu' erely rejoice at tlm succe.-.s oi any constitution
al inc isures to free ou: eh. es from it, and elevate the colored man to
his natural lation and rt.ltts amen': his fellow nu n. He considers
that ‘the right ol' free d isi u mn and petitto'i slum Id ver be infring
ed, but be pieservcd inviolate.’
“2. Hon. James Dean, canduhite for County C .-rk,say>: ‘I have
not the It .14 difficuhy in at) .''t-ring em b aud all the questions affir
matively, except the third. That, too, «s i? stands, as a general
naked proposition, not c nm-cted with any reference or allusion to
tlm mode of emancipation, I answer is the same manner.’ Air.
Dean states, that his‘information iu respect to the power of Con
gress in this respect is so unsatisfactory to [■ imselfj that he is not
prepared to decide’ in respect to that mode of emancipation; but he
does desire ‘that Congress mav exerci e ail the constitutional power
it possesses, ami that, too, at the emliesl s titablc opportunity, to put
an end to slavery in the District ol Columbia.’
“3. James 8. St rati ham, Esq. candidate lot Assembly, says: ‘To
tlm first five questions on your list, my answe rs arc, 1 e::; to the last
two, No.’
“1. llenty Hersey, Es:;. a candidate for a•■■embly, responds to
tlm first, s-Tond, an I 'if:b q:e ■ ion: i the afiirmatitm. On the third,
he believe r Co: . i-. -a; po<?" -sos p wcr Io aln 1 .s'; s'a '.cry itl the I- cd
eral District, bat d.mlns tbr: <-x|.'cdb'ncy of i - exercise at tlm present
time. On the lth he thinks ‘Cm ■ should a lish d ivory in the
Territories belotlgi '.'to the I : • i tate:-', but bow far it would be
wise, or is constitutional to act i.i relation to slavery or the slave
trade in the State?, is a <ji;< stien upon which !:e has doubt. On the
Sf. 1 ' i’.esays—‘l w ould make no distinction between persons on ac
count of r in"till o.ving th. ni. t'm privilege of the elective fran
chise. Bitt i i!.iiiK ■' l,;: D 1 ' do-.-.bt'd whether it would be wise
to extend the -;rivile"o of ut °' :r elections to all persons of
colorwlm have b. e t 1 m '■ bi I 1 in bon lags, •’'» I consequently in ignorr
ance, !;.,t who slioti’-I came info our Slate t;j rcsiile, ffs they won’t-
Im almost ent'rel v ignorant of our politic .! institutions, and t ut poor
ly qualifmtl to exercise the iaqmrtani riglil <>f suffrage.” Cntlic/tlr
he says—‘l am not sure ti:at I recollect m.' 1 ;1WS of this State'
wliich make a distinction among its inhabitants on pccoiint of cc.h lT '.-
Some of them might be with propriety repealed, but thei C arc others
Ith nk ought not to Im. Tlm law exempting colored persons from
serving in tlm militia, I d > not think ought to Im repealed, for I do
not b.-lieve it won! I Im I:’ueficial to the militia system to require
blacksto peribi m duty in our inililiti.
“5. 1?. Fuller, K q. candidate Ibr assembly, responds an aP
firrnative answer to the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, anil
sevr nth questions. To the third lm says: ‘I consider the ex
istence of slavery in the District >.C Columbia, as a foul blot
on the American character, and giving the lie to that often'
reiterated boasting, that the United States is a land of liberty.’
“G. Fortune C. While, Esq. candidate for member of As--
seinbly,answers the first, second and fifth questions in the as--
firmative. To the third atid fourth he say?: ‘Yes, so far as the
Constitiiti >u of the United States and of individual States will'
justify.’ To the sixth: ‘Yes, I prefer the old
which ma le no distinction on account of color, to the present
one.’ 'J'o the seventh; ‘Yes, so far as they are opposed to tlte
principles of Equal Rights.’
“We have endeavored to furnish an answer so far as Oneida'
countv is I'oncern.i!, t > ?.>r. Wish’s question-; and we would
no.vtisk bi ri it the North should fill the halls of the National
Legislature w ith mm; st) elected, so pledged, as those w hose
success he celebrait-s, can he point to anv people w ithin the
cnciimtt ence of his knowledge, who will with too much reason
sit nt “stu kehith at! aln s?”
“1! our r’mat k? en th' - object have been confined to this
m nnty tt is not !■ c:.-:-;'w i’ v. ai ; Uniterm's w hich would show
tlmnt < qiu.lp a,-; 1 cable to other portions of the Stale. The
gr- a: b , Abolitioni'ts, uim rally tqmn that (list:net ques
:tm , :.re 'loeqa; hi <! m ot'mi- p> litictd s, ntimt nt with tl.e
ttigs; and toe < xtin j .t< al;,• • y mid others w kich w ill
occtir lo < very tnan ttcqu ] with tl prestml -tateofpolni-
Ppi’ties, sgo fitr to s ow, as w e hate heretofore in more than
one inst-ince stated, th t to tr uigtlien the ;:tecm-ioits (entire by
tlteir lately tts.-eried asci-ndatiey in this State is Itch!, the
itiiigs will not hesitate to embrace the \!><>!it;onis's on their
own t< rms. V\ be;; the 01-jm t i f that alliance shall be con
snnniKited, (and I'on-ttmumted it must be, unless tlm Detnot ra
cv of the State shad in iis siren, -ii eo;;:? forward to the rescue,)
Mr. t. i;e t.i,-; .a, Ir>;-itis• in Congress c?ti L-arn from Messrs.
Adams, fel.it'c, tied t!< r ns-1 i inti s, the exact political rank
w hich is likely to be assigned lo the South in the political coun
cils of the country.
THE P E-EMPTION BILL.
'>e h ive to congratul :te the meritorious settlers of the new
; - 'i uos upon thepa ; ageoi lais bill. It was ordered to a third read
i iagjn the Senate after dark cn Saturday evening, the whole day
having been devoted to it, as the two preceding days had been.
I i lose thiee da . s presented in the Senate meol the most interesting
debates which has ever been witnessed there. Mr. Clav appeared
as the great ant,igoni. tof the I ill, and spurt’d no effort, of any kind,
to defeat it. ll.i so fat forgot himself as to use the most degrading
language against the settlers' on the piddle lands, such as no other
, Senator used, and. which w. id i 1: ■ almost incredible to relate.
L iwless imruio'is -‘‘land , onb r-." ‘as much robbers as if thev
i had broken into the Tte r ry, and t.dv th ■ public money, or as if
met had taken ;he p i' hr- hi s, forts, and arms”---“fi mid. upon the
. Govermm nt,” etc. Such were the epithets wl,i. h a Western Sena
tor bestowe I upon the citizens of them.w Suites who have settled
, up’oti the dtc hinds. 01 Course, tl.:s laiigir.im? cotd;! not lie hoard
i by the Senator:: front the; ■ States witlumt b< i;ig ii-.di nantlv repelled;
I and re elled H was with a ■ ; irit an ! Mice, ‘-s which must be gratifvimr
. 1 !i -S •".>'! especially t , the meri orimts cultivators
j ° , V,JO Wcrc c ‘- i’itc <l< jHe will speak fur itself,
an I will b ■ highly 1m:,:,/ to ma r. Set ir> who vindicated their
e.mtitm-nts jta the i.mi to mH. utE-s attacks of Mr. Clav.
' J H , c t 0 : '■ ,he found m tseif in a miserable mi-
; n ntvot l we. ve votes! U e !„!i. re it has seldom occurred that
C1 has exei ed himself so much, t 1 -at a tstire. His in
| nah) opp --tt'm to the settlers wa stin.u at, don this oc< si, nbv po
l.ttcal constueratioi s. M . . n Buren ha I recommended the meas
'h' i “ Wi ' • hum, an .h ' . . $ , (ll
i rth new attai ks. It v, a-• t, dby the Denmciacv, as a Dem
*’cri,t,<j '"ensure, an 1 a., st! < h / h r o used by him. Il was a
i ‘-dorr to Ins .list. l ution s. het ; ln 1 at vexed him. Finai
“ was bivmable to the westt rn faro -i : and < f these Mr. Clav
has appiounlhmmelf t> Imth, m,. ienting enemy- ever since the
year tc.<), wmm lie eras the most violent of all the opponents to the
reduction of the price of the public lands from two doliars to $1 25
, per acre. He also attacked tlm (fra 'nation bill, and the President’s
I recommend :; on in favor of ti.;:t bill ; all v . hick as the natural sc
ipiem--. of Ids present position :: . the ad.m ( .f the Fedei'alists,
and of t.ie English ll: |, of tlrn United >; ,ms in Philadelphia, and,
theiel no, m ■ na.t ral opponent of < very thing that is favorable to
rhe Democratic interest. In thi. point of y iew, all the laws which
aid the farmers and cultivators ol the soil, are odious and offensive.
U e refloat, the.debate will sf d< for l:-.df. It will be read with'
profound interest in all the new States, am! a portion of it wml com
mand attention in every Slate. We speak of that part of the dis
cussion which grew upon Mr. Merrick’s motion to exclude foreign
ers from the rights of pre-emption. This motion gaverise to an tmi
mate.i debate, and from the mama r in which Mr. (Hay took up the
cudgels tor/dr.Jlerrick, and thanked him for making the motion, it
was evident that the m nimi wtis firompted by himself, according to
I his iismt. artihce of pushing forward others to make the motions' 5 of
,w, Inch he does not choose to appear openly as the author. Mr. Mer
rick s motion to exchtdi) foreign from tin; benefits of the bill, was
decided by ye is and n i\an I■ h nod the fate which it must nlwa s
■ lecclve public ms ■ i tb.e m ijoiitv: it was triumphantly
n ‘' of,e<h , ; '' ' lvs,,f ,!,e R Senators on this poini,
are worthy of themselves an 1 of tie? or. a ion.
it a; r\. Im-al d. , tr-::e—- 1; tile renewal of the
'd ■n'ly.-im anen law of 1 1 as an attempt to
' .■ o/;.. / bv fhrci.mer.l, and therei'mc
‘l'"' Ham an atm : |,t to limit their political rights. Fi
-1 ! ’."’ as lll:u " ' ■ '• ex r.crs from dm
jHg.iso p;..- t mp:ion,w:s m: ,’e aadMe-f , ed |y tieniennndtlm
j party woo were m favor < f .-hi gio a aothm-d - . rif-tion < f fbrei.m
--•’ d r.: o f thu cilrrcl) c r
T m". in tie Trie] States; f,„m thopar'tv
I ‘ o toanar. t> e . tl : ,
wodi-dto :ve . i.em a tl.h .1 :ll „| u i!h owel .
•’govern the Govenmm tof the United States. We h II s'preed
tins didiato befere our readms. Mr. Web ter voted for the bill.
‘ '' 1 ' P’M’ ■' the Satmdav’s pro
bi! for our piper of this (Monday-) night, a S
, C '° Sln 1 ' '■ ci ive a v would
I,lV ‘“ : ' ' '' ■ ' , whl allv but i -
!7’ i ’' 7 111 ' ". C , ’ ' • !}i,! ■ ( '! " r:,th again .t'llm settlors
il!iP 01 1 ■' '• " ,:i ! ’i if. fi , than evet : kavirn- lost
I’ 3 ’--7 H i.) T.i.ke d.-emaged
I- ’l'' 1 ’ uJ' • l i. .nr' , not o ! dmse among whom l:is fiiend had
■ !,lt ' i :,il : ’' ■ ;) I :i 1.-. l -.Pm ,■! . ; , the ve- v face es
the E,.nm-., berated hi nnsl; n iug d r.cd him in tiie hem- of' dan
•jer, intimated lint 1.0 hi,' i>’ ■ <• . i.m . : ,
H i . i i i • ••'• . i.) .. ’V. >u hM' ( odi { until
lut last hour and openly a:,J w . buterness exclaimed, tint when
-.dlu.m.liuold crnira e inarms contending amtinst a
Imst.of enym;..;, Im, t .i:. , i tim ] i;v .< and Constitution,‘in,
glormudy fa-d, and joimm t!:.. Xil) ; ,t.. rs( ,f l;ie laws—the intruders—
dietrespa-es I~e mtm hipei < --the sqnatters-that abominable and
cxecra.• lo breed, m lns portraimrc, suits ihe settlers of the noyv
'i'ol -l’ '7 WllH ‘ '■ ! ' n "” S llaVe delighted
to sk 11 it, to gi a. 1, Ihe enemies of our conn:rv.
Mr. Webster did not answer Mr. Clay as I .'ought, but the work
''••'l ■’■'on done by Mos r.. \y nlker. Bent, n, Clav of Alai ama Fid,
■kiZ AiXT'""''' - “ply
PUBLIC SEXTIMEXT [,\ TEXXESSEE.
A special election took place in the counties of Sullivan and Haw-
Kins on the ggd ol December, for a member of the House of Rep
resentatives of the State Legislature, to supply a vacancy occasion-