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EDITED BY THOMAS HAYNES. VOL. V. WO. 51. of BY P. L. ROBINSON, State Printer. And Publisher (by authority) of the Laws of the United State. ISSUED EVER) TUESDAY MORNING. KFT(j| MS.—Throe Dollars per annum. No subscription taken for less than a year, and no paper discontinued, but at the option of the publisher, until all arrear ages are paid. CHANGE OF DIRECTION.—We desire such of our subscribers as may at any line wish the direction of their papers changed from one Post Office to another, to nform us, in all cases, of the place to which they had been previously sent; as the mere order to forward them to a different office, places it almost out of our power to comply, because we have no means of ascertaining the office from which they are orelcrr I io be changed, but by a search through our whole subscription book, con taining i*evcral thousand names. AD\ ERTISEMENTS inserted at the usual rates. Sales of LAND, by Admi nistrators, Executors, or Guardians, are required by law to be held on the first Tues day in the mouth, between the hour, of ten in the forenoon and three in the after noon, at the Court House in the county In which the property is situate. Notice of ( hese sales must be given in a public gaxette SIXTY DAYS previous to the day of sale. Sales of NEGROES must be at public auction, on the first Tuesday of the month between the usual hours of sale, at the place of public sales in the county w here the letters, testimeutary, of Administration or Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving SIXTY DAYS notice thereof, in one of the public gazettes of this State, •nd at the door of the Court House where such sales are to be held. Notice tor the sale of Personal Property must bo given in like manner, FORTY DAY'S previous to the day of sale. Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published FORTY' DAYS. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell LAND, must be published for FOUR MONTHS. Notice for leave to sell NEGROES, must be published for FOUR MONTHS before any order absolute shall be made by the Court thereon. Notice ol Application for Letters of Administration must be published THIRTY DAYS. Notice ot Application for Letters of Dismission from the Administration of au Es tate, are required to be published monthly for SIX MONTHS. AN APPEAL TO THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS is a right guaranteed by the Con stitution of the State of Georgia; and the Federal compact was not agreed on until this sacred privilege was inserted in the Constitution of the United States. This great principle has been invaded on a recent occasion, in a manner at once shameful and unprecedented ; and this appeal is made to the Citizens of Georgia, for the purpose of obtaining in a signal manner, their reprobation of a most daring outrage on the Freedom of the Press. Already has that mighty engine—the most powerful agent of civiliza tion—scattered far and wide the humiliating fact, that the life of an Ed itor of an independent Newspaper was attempted to be taken—that ef forts were made to burn his house, and destroy his property—because be asserted his right to express his opinions; and did so, fully and fear lessly. Already has it been promulgated from the Atlantic to the Pa cific—from Maine to Florida—that such nefarious deeds were done, and that the laws could not reach the perpetrators—that they defied the con stituted authorities. Humbling as this is, it is, alas.* too tiue. Thus, at once, was all law, human and divine, trampled under foot; and an archy and confusion permitted to lord it over right and justice.* And already is it known from o'ne end of this Union to the other, that these ■outrages occurred in Geoigia! Yes—these disgraceful transactions took I place in Georgia ! Tu high-minded, chivalrous Georgia, it was that a £ang of desperadoes—many of them bankrupt in fortune as well as char acter —violated the laws, and endeavored to destroy that palladium of the liberties of our country—that richest jewel in the virgin zone of free dom —an Independent Press. But, thanks be to God ! the conspirators, the authors and abettors of these deeds were not natives of Georgia— few of them were even Americans; yet they have “ a local habitation and a name” (?) in the city where we write. It will be asked, what were the causes assigned by those who acted in the manner we describe ? Were the institutions or liberties of the country abused by the Editor ? Did he, without just reason, interfere with tbeeourse pursued by private persons? Did he everrefuse personal satisfaction to any man ? In flue, was he countenanced in a course of injustice and tyranny, hy powerful or wealthy individuals? Or, were his crimes such that the laws of the land could not reach, and punish him. To all these queries may be answered an emphatic NO ! Mob law. however, w*as pnt in requisition. The Darien Telegraph has been a firm and uncompromising sup porter of the principles of the Union Party of Georgia—a stern opposer all schemes to establish a National Bank—a follower of the maxims laid down by Thomas Jefferson—and a bold and unflinching advocate of that reform which can alone be accomplished by a divorce of Bauk and State. Those who have read the paper know that it is conducted on truly in dependent principles—that it speaks of men and things as they are, re gardless of consequences. And it is for these reasons, and for strenu ously advocating these measures, that its Editor has been persecuted with malignant hate, by meu to whom honor is but a name, and justice but a figure of speech The people of this Republic, generally speaking, are sensitively alive to any proceedings that may have even a tendency to deprive them of those blessings for which a Washington conquered—a Montgomery, a i Warren, bled. How, then, must their bosoms swell with indignation to hear that the vety altar of the Temple of Freedom itself has been desecrated—that the hands of unholy and unsanctified slaves have defiled it. That, in short, a free press, a sentinel on the watch tower of Lib erty, has been surrounded by the enemy, and endeavored to bo destroyed by numbers ? To a portion then, of that people—the Citizens of Geor gia, one of the oldest of that gallant band that breasted tyranny aud eppression in the days “that tried men’s souls’’—to the enlightened Citizens of Georgia we confidently appeal, for that justice—that pro tection, which is denied us by those who persecute us, and would de prive us of that freedom of opinion which is the birthright of man. Our government is one of opinion—not of force. We have no standing armies, ready to carry the laws of our Commonwealth into ef fect, even at the point of the bayonet. Hence it is that all good citizens cheerfully submit to the mandates of our Courts of Justice—that no man who has the good of his country at heart will defy the law. Indeed, the man who does not bow lo the majesty of the law, is looked ou as a trai tor to the Republic—as one whose life is without value. It is, however, to be regretted that the principles we have just de scribed, do not find n response in the breast of every man calling him self an American citizen. If they did, our present task would be spared. Rome had her CATALiNEand herSYLLA—and, alas! toomuch of the leaven of their bad spirit is yet in existence. The time has come now for freemen to say, whether the Press shall be free, or whether it shall be enslaved—whetecr it shall be subservient to a few, or be rendered beneficial to all? We will not insult the intel ligence of our readers, by portraying the benefits which not alone the present generation, but even posterity must derive from the benign in fluence of a free and unshackled Press. They are numerous and ap parent. On the other hand, that Press which is under the baneful rule of dictation—whether that dictation proceeds from the imperial decrees of an autocrat, ortho less dignified desires of a few petty commission merchants, is alike useless and powerless. It is the Upas in whatever neighborhood it is tolerated—withering and destroying every vestige of liberty and independence. But no soil in America, we are proud to say, is favorable to its growth—it may for a time endure a stunted ex istence, but the clear air of freedom, at length, blasts and prostrates it forever. The Darien Telegraph has suffered for the independence expres sed in its columns. Efforts are being made to annihilate it. Those who formerly sustained it by advertising patronage, have been forced to relinquish the advantage it affords, by the dread of being mobbed; ■nd many of its subscribers have been entreated, commanded, or coaxed, as was thought most politic, to stop their subscriptions. Some have been weak enough tn obey those who would earn laurels in persecuting the Press; but we rejoice that many treated them with the contempt they deserve.. Every exertion is making to put down the paper; and. Marte* the friends of liberty, of order, and of law, will step forward, nnd frown upon such unexampled persecution, the enemies of humanity and ofjustice will triumph. But this appeal will not be made in vain ; ■nd the following mode is suggested of successfully combatting the de signs of the foes of the Press FIRST—Let every person who at preseut subscribes to The Tele graph. endeavor to get one (or more) new subscriber. SECOND —Let all who wish to patronize an independent newspa per, subscribe for The Telegraph, without delay. Thus will it be shown that the people of G xirgia are attached to lib erty, and will triumphantly sustain those who battle in her cause. Thus will a death blow be given to the machinations of such as would tram ple on the rights of the Press—the bulwark of freedom. The Editor of that paper will make an effort to see his fellow citizens throughout the State, at their own doors, before long ; and he com mences his journey on this day lo Milledgeville, to explain orally, to all who may choose to listen, the many wrongs he has endured. CORNELIUS MACARDELL. Darien, Ga., Nov. 27, 1838. A Homicide was committed in East Macon on Thursday last, by a mechanic named John Chapman, on the body of his wife, by cutting her throat! He gave himself up to the officers, and is now in jail. We understand he justifies his horrid act, on the around that he had poof positive of the infidelity of his fib I [Macon Telegraph. A Boat loaded with cotton, belonging to W, Ford Co, was discovered, on Wednesday night, while lying nt the wharf, to be on fire. Fhrough the prompitude of a number of Irish and others who were near, the fire was extinguished, with the Joss of some 40 or 50 bags. It was supposed to have been fired by a discharged boat hand. [Macon Telegraph. of f||wtu lIILLEDGKVILLF, GEORGIA, TUESDAY HORAIAG, JANUARY 15, 1830. MISCELLANEOUS. As there are hearts in Georgia which .will long hold in affectionate remembrance the late lamented Acting Lieutenant Pepin, of the United States Navy, by whosetlcath the public service has lost one of its most gallant spirits, and his profession and society in general one of its most shining ornaments, if early promise had not been overshadowed by a premature grave.—we insert the following lines to his memory, origin ally published in tho .Saturday Courier of Philadelphia. A MONODY On the death of Actins' Lieutenant Ferdinand Pepin, of the United States Schooner ll'ave, off the Florida Keys. And is thy winding sheet the wave, And is thy dirge the gale? Shall thou no more the battle brave, Or homeward bend thy sail ? Alas! my early messmate, thou Hast met an early doom; The tangled sea-kelp wraps thy brow, The ocean is thy tomb. Thou who hast heard the tempest sing .Amid the white-capp’d waves, When Death, upon his lightning wing, Prepared his deep sea-graves ; Hast thou, beside a hostile shore, Ueneath thy banner’s fold, Sank down, to raise thy arm no more For freedom and tho bold ? Alas! ’tis true since last wc met, Amid the eastern isles, Thou bast to nature paid thy debt, In spite of roseate smiles; And now no more shall bugle note, Oi strain of the shrill fife. Or warlike drum or cannon’s throat, Awaken thee to life! Adieu! adieu! thy gallant Bare Wails to the wave below ; The minute cannon for the bravo Has told its tale of we ; And weeping ones have shed their tears, And manly breasts have sighed For thee, who in thy youthful years Hast on the ocean died. Sleep on ! sleep on! in glory thou. The deep thou loved so well Will, o’er thy cold and pallid brow, The seaman’s requiutn swell; And ocean’s bird, with tireless wing, When sunset gilds the west, Shall dip the wave, and sadly sing Where thou hast sauk to rest. Washington, Nov. 1838. J.E.D. From the Southern Literary Messenger. PAGANINI. Before I close, though not strictly in accordance with my subject, I must say a few words about the celebrated Paganini, who lias attracted so much attention in the last few years. I had the pleasure of hearing him before he left Italy, and can truly say he is the most wonderful person I ever met with. 1 cannot mistrust the impression he produced upon me, because it was made before I had heard of his reputation or even of his name. During a short residence in Florence, with boyish cu riosity, I managed to obtain admission to the morning rehear sals at the opera. On one of these occasions, Paginini, who, as I said before, was entirely unknown to me, presided at the repetition of a concert, which he was to give in the evening. I think I was the sole auditor, besides the performers, vocal and instrumental. The instant he touched the violin, I felt the effect of bis wonderful talent. I have heard the most cele brated violinists in Europe, but he is beyond all comparison with them, in his hands the instrument becomes something else. The manner in which he places it under his chin and left ear, (which seems to listen intensely to its softest breathings) and grasps with his long bony fingers, is peculiar. He draws the bow over the strings with long sweeps, sometimes very gently, and at Others as if it would crush all beneath it. The effects which he produces are as various as they are extraordi nary. Now exquisitely delicate and soft—then brilliant, ani mated and graceful; and at times wild, thrilling and unearthly; he passes in rapid transition from one to the other. So clear and round are Paganini’s tones that they seem to proceed from an instrument stringed with glass. Independ ently of his execution he possesses genius in the highest degree, which seems to master and tyrannize over his soul. He is the mere instrument of the spirit within. When executing his mu sical improvisations, the expression of his eye becomes intense and fitful, his frame shudders, and his arm and fingers act with an apparently convulsive motion. He has then the air of a galvanized corpse. It is at these moments he produces those wild, thrilling and tempestuous effects, which cannot be listened to without emotion too intense to be agreeable. A fierce de mon seems lo agitate his frame, and it is when in thiscondition, that his instrument has been compared to a wild beast, which knawing his vitals, draws from him those wailing and agoniz ing sounds. His appearance adds not a little to the effect of his extraordinary powers. Tall and gaunt, with a cadaverous face, sunken eyes of hectic transparency, hollow and long, lank, dark locks, falling down to his shoulders, he is an admirable personification of that enthusiasm of which he is the victim. He is, or was very much like the portraits I have seen of Irving, the mad Scotch preacher, who set all London in a ferment some years ago. It is said that such is the effect of his performance upon his nervous, excitable temperament, that it often incapacitates him for some days after. There is no al fectation about him, but rather an awkward stiffness, and his bow is so constrained and uncouth, that it has been facetiously observed to be just such a reverence as a lobster might be sup posed to make. His performance on one string I look upon as a mere tour de force, an object of vulgar curiosity, and would not mention it, but for the story by which it is generally ex plained. It was reported and generally believed, that he bad suffered a long imprisonment for having assassinated his wife. His sole resource was his violin, and having but a small supply of catgut, as the story goes, in order to economize, he learned to dispense with three of the usual number of strings. This melo-dramatic tale added much to the curiosity and interest which be inspired. People looked upon him with a mysterious dread, as a sortof demon incarnate. He was perhaps the devil who played for the sleeping Tartini. The magic artist never deigned to contradict the story, until walking one day on the boulevards of Paris, he saw in a shop window a picture repre senting himself with a fiendlike countenance, plunging a dag ger into the bosom of the imploring Mrs. Paganini. Hecould not stand the joke carried thus far, and accordingly addressed a letter to one of the public journals, declaring that there was not the slightest foundation for the tale, aud appealing to re spectable persons, who had known him from his infancy for the truth of bis averment. From this letter it appeared that he had been a musical- prodigy from his infancy, and that his whole life had been devoted to the cultivation of his divine art. In fact he had never been married. Little Miss Watson, who eloped with, or rather to him, does not seem to have regarded him as a monster. The story however is founded upon a fact which occurred in Italy, partially as represented, more than a century ago. I heard Paganini several limes in Florence, in the presence of the court and brilliant audiences, upon which he always produced the most extraordinary impression. Debating Scene.—Mr. President, the question to be ex cussed is this:—Aie ardent spirits a benefit to the whole inhu man race, or is it not? Now I, Mr. President contends that they is. Only look sir, at our noble ancestors in future years; they lived to a most numerous age ! Pro—Mr. President, I stand here and contend against my adveßary, that ardent spirits is radically beneficial to mortali ty. How many thousands are going ahead every day at some grand enterprise stimulated through hexerlion by this very kind of spirits. How many generations of young men do we see every day, rising up around us like the bootiful smoke ascend ing from a tar kill even before bread came into vogue. If the gentleman can now proceed with all these facts staring him in the face, I beg to close my argument. [Boston Post. Our Conscience—-Our Country— Our Parly. THE YOUNG BRIDE. Emma had wheeled the sofa in front of the fire, and as Charles seated himself beside her, he was a happy fellow.— I Alas ! he had only as yet drank the bubbles on the cup. Em ma looked lovely, for the glow of the warm coal fire had given 1 a bloom to her usually pale cheek, which heigtened the lusttire 1 of her dark eyes. But there came a shade of thought over 1 Emma’s brow, and her husband instantly remarked it. It is strange how a husband sees clouds over his liege lady’s brow. It was the first that Charles ever saw there, and it excited his tenderest inquiries. Was she unwell? Did she wish for any » thing ? Emma hesitated ; she blushed and looked down.— Charles pressed to know what had cast such a shadow over her spirits. “I fear you will think me very silly—but Mary French has been sitting with me this afternoon. “Oh, no, but you may recollect we began to keep house at nearly the same time, only they sent by Brent to New York for carpeting.— Mary would make me w alk down to Brent’s store this evening with her, and he has bought two—they are such loves.”— Charles bit his lips. “Mary, she continued, “said you were doing first-rate business, and she was sure you would never let that odious Wilton lay in the parlor, if you once saw that splendid Brussels ; so rich and so cheap—only $75. Now the ‘odious Wilton’ had been selected by Charles’ mother, and presented to them; and the color deepened on his cheek, as his animated bride continued, “Suppose we walk down to Brent’s and look at it; there are only two, and it seems a pity not to secure it.” “Emma,” said Charles, gravely, “you are mistaken if you suppose my business will justify extravagance. It will be use less to look at the carpet, as we have one that will answer very well, and is perfectly new.” Emma’s vivacity (led, and she sat awkwardly picking her nails. Charles felt embarrassed—he drew out his watch and put it back—whistled, and finally spying a periodical on Em ma’s table, began to read aloud some beautiful verses. His voice was well formed, and he soon entered into the spirit of the writer and forgot his embarrassment; when looking into Emma’s eyes, how was he surprised, instead of the glow of sympathetic feelings he expected to meet, losee her head bent in her hands, evident displeasure on her brew, and a tear trick ling slowly down htr cheek. Charles was a sensible young man—l visit there were more of them—and he reflected a moment before he said, “Emma, my love, get your bonnet and your cloak on, and walk with me, if you please.” Emma looked as if she would like to'pout a little longer, but Charles said ‘cone’ with such a serious gravity on his countenance, that Emmt thought proper to ac cede ; and nothing doubting that it was to purchase the carpet, took his arm with a smile of triumph. They crossed several streets in the direction of Brent’s, untilthey at last stood before the door of a miserable tenement in a lack street. “Where in the world are you taking me ?” inquired Emma, shrinking back. Charles quietly led ler forward, and lifting a latch, they stood in a little room, arcund the grate of which three small children were hovering closer and closer, as the cold wind swept through the crevicet in the decayed walls.— An emaciated being, whose shrunk features, sparkling eye and flushing cheek, spoke a deadly consunption, lay on a wretched low bed, the slight covering of which barely kept her from freezing; while a spectral babe, whose black eyes looked un naturally large from its extreme thinness, was endeavoring to draw sustenance from its dying mother. “How are you to-day Mrs. Wright?” quietly inquired Charles. The woman feebly raised herself on her arm. “Is that you Mr. West? oh, how glad I am you are come—but your mother?” “Has not been at home for a month ; and the lady who promised to look after yoti in her absence, only in formed me to-day of your increased illness.” “I have been very ill,” she replied, sinking back on her straw bed. Emma drew near; she arranged the pillow and bed-clothes over the sufferer, but her heart was too full to speak. Charles observed it and felt satisfied. “Is that beautiful girl your bride? I heard you were married.” “Yes, and in my mother’s absence she will see you do not suffer.” “Bless you Charles West; bless you for a good son of a good mother; may your wife de serve you—and that is wishing a good deal of her. You are very good to think of me” she said looking at Emma, “and you are just married !” Charles saw that Emma could not speak, and he hurried her home, promising to send the woman some wood that night. The moment Emma reached home, she burst into tears. “My dear Emma,” said Charles, soothing ly, “I hope I have not given you too severe a shock on the miseries of others, that properly appreciate our own happiness. Here is a purse containing $75; you may spend it as you please.” It is unnecessary to add that the “odious Wilton” kept its place; but the shivering children of want were taught to bless the name of Emma West, which formed the last articulate mur mur on the lips of the dying sufferer. [Hempstead Courier. DISTINCTIONS. To the man of sense, who views society as a necessary com pact of intelligent beings, met for mutual benefit upon the broad ground of equality, those petty distinctions founded on the possession of wealth, or other extraneous appendages of character, appear ridiculous and amusing. In this country, where the boast of equality is upon every lip, there are more distinctions in society than in any other country in the world ; and there arc grades of aristocracy, in each of which there is more of exclusiveness manifested than among the nobility and gentry of any kingdom in Europe.. There are distinctions in society which should always exist, on the perpetuity of which sound morality greatly depends. They consist in the various phases exhibited by virtue and vice; and the more vicious a member of the compact- becomes, broader and more decided should the virtuous draw the line of distinction, which should never be passed except on an errand of mercy by the latter, to reclaim the former. This is a distinction of character, depend ing upon the violation of each, not on any fortuitous circum stances, and consequently is a legiiimate distinction. But to see men building their structure of superiority upon the sandy and uncertain foundation of riches, upon the fame of some dis tinguished progenitor, or upon the more foolish and ridiculous idea that one employment is more genteel than another, excites the smile of mingled pity and contempt upon the lips as the sen sible. Yet we daily meet with those who assume superiority on these grounds, and it is to this practice, arising from the error of the judgment, or the absolute want of common sense, that we may ascribe nine-tenths of the evils which the harmony of society has disturbed. Several years since, we made a journey to a thriving village in a neighboring county, and while tarrying at the house of a friend, saw a practical illustration of the above remarks. A social party had gathered on the occasion of the return of another birth-day of one of our friend’s daughters, and it was really a congregation of pretty and cheerful faces. During the evening a cotilion was proposed, and couples immediately formed upon the floor. From a retired corner come a neatly dressed young man, withan intelligent countenance and pleas ing address, and invited a gay butterfly girl, who seemed dis posed to flirt with every body, to join in the dance. She scarcely deigned a recognition, and coldly refused. The young man bit his lips, while the flush of offended pride.monnted lo his cheeks, and passing to the opposite side of the room, found his hand acceptable to a pretty, modest miss, and in a moment more they were moving in the dance. “ Who was that young man?” asked a merchant’s clerk, addressing the coquette first mentioned. “ He is an impudent puppy,” responded the frail one, curl ing her pretty lip haughtily ; “ he is nothing but a mechanic, and I wonder at his presumption in asking me to dance !” “ ’Twas presumptuous indeed, and extraordinarily and shock ingly imperlite,” responded the clerk, tucking in the ruffles of his dickey, and throwing one leg over the other m an impor tant attitude. “ I wonder that Mr. was not more select in choosing the members of this ’ere party. But so it is ; so ciety here is gittin’ as bad as Bosting and other inderaceoits places, where gentlemen are continually perforated with these ere internal mechanics. You done right, miss, awfully right, in scorning lo accept sich like company.” “So says Miss Ann—don’t you Ann ?” said the indignant is coquette, addressing her butterfly companion. “ Yes, you did, Hetty—and I’ll be hanred if I’d dance with i- one of them are mechanics, if I never did But do look ! as n sure as eggs, the impertinent fellow is dancing with Judge e A s Phillippina. I think she ought to be ashamed of her- r self, for sich a disgrace in open company.” s “She’s astonishingly foolish,” said the clerk, shifting his legs ’. importantly. “ But come, Miss Hetty, will you dance ?” s “ With all my heart,” said Miss Hetty, and they simultane y otisly spiang to the floor. We listened to this colloquy with superlative contempt for r the utterers, and having formed an opinion of their characters, y from the index just given, resolved to discover that of the t young man. We ascertained that he was a coachmaker, re e spectably connected, of industrious habits, possessed of a mind - far above the ordinary standard, and withall well cultivated. j He viewed society as a man of sense ought, and presumed that - equality should or ought to exist within the circle of asocial e party. Courtesy prompted him to offer his hand to the haughty t coquet, and the refusal wounded his fine feelings. But they t were healed by the frank and courteous address of the daugh ter ol Judge 8., and in truth, a motive more exalted than mere courtesy actuated them both. They were betrothed, but the s gossips had not yet heard the secret. While leading the mod i est E.nnia to the cotilion ring, he looked with proper contempt t upon the haughty Hester M , the misguided daughter of a broken merchant. She drew a line of distinction between her i self and the honest mechanic, while he also traced a demarca- - tion. Hers was drawn by an erroneous judgment, his by cor f rect principles. The sequel is brief. The mechanic became soon the son-in-law ot Judge 8., emigrated to Indiana, and al r the last election in that State, was chosen a member of the pop -1 ular branch of its legislature. A flentseasons of flirtation and coquetry, Hester M be- s came the wife of the “ engaging” young clerk, who, carrying f his exclusive principles into his business relations, and endeav > oring to ape bis wealthy neighbors, was soon numbered with a f list of bankrupts, and now gains but a scanty pittance in the metropolis as a third rate clerk. There are distinctions in so- ■ ciety, but they are too often drawn by ignorance or erring judg ment.- Poughkeepsee Casket, ’ INFLUENCE OF THE CHARACTER OF WASH INGTON. . In practical mutters men are mainly taught by example. It I is cheap wisdom to proclaim to the world that ambition ought ! not to corrupt the heart of the successful chieftain, and that having served or even saved the country, furnishes no title to enslave it. So long as the universal experience of mankind runs to the contrary, and no one capable of abusing power is found to miss the opportunity, these maxims pass for a kind of ascetic morality, which bypocrits preach and simpletons believe. Each new tyrant and usurper finds his conduct justified, not merely by the example of his predecessor, but a kind of com mon understanding among them, that power, as of course, is to be abused. The more splendid the career, and the more daz zling the success of a conquerer, and the more complete the tri umph over the liberties of other countries and his own, the more diffusive and abiding the corruption of his own example. Alexander, and Caesar, and Napoleon, have done more to per vert public opinion, and debauch the judgment of the young, than can be undone by all mere inculcation of principle*. The success of the party of Csesar, after he himself was struck down, drove Brutus at once to the conclusion, that Virtue was but a name; and who can undertake to say, how much energy of character has been misdirected, how much mad ambition has been awakened, how many wars waged, and how much blood shed, in the lapse of ages, in consequence of setting up before the world the spectacle of an empire co-extensive with the uni verse and perpetuated through ages, which was founded on the criminal ambition of one man. When the books fail to furnish . an effectual counterpoise to this bad influence, and men are ready, like Brutus, in despair, to fly to the conclusion that there is no sphere of activity for Goodness in the province of civil government; that this world belongs of necessity to a political anti-christ; a character like WASHINGTON arises, like the sun of righteousness, with healings in its wings. Virtue, sneered at and mocked, takes courage. Disinterested labor for the good of others emerges from the humble path of parochial char ity. The intelligence of the mass of mankind, long derided as visionary, and set at nought asnnpi acticable, feels itself vin dicated and fortified. The world for a while looks on in in credulous wonder. Distrustful expectation watches the steps of the hero. His gracious words are beard with incredulity; bis generous acts surveyed with doubt. The time is sorrow fully foreboded, when the delusion will be over, the mask be dropped, and the meagre, people loving Consul will expand into the sleek and purple Dictator. But if he persevere in the path of patriotism and duty ; if he march from victory to vic tory with undated brow, and cling to the cause in disasters as well as triumph ; if he consecrate his sword to the protection of the law ; and, when the warfare is ended, if he send his army to their homes, and abdicates his power which their devotion confers on him, then indeed, it is cold praise to say he has served, or even saved his country. He has served, and hu manly speaking, saved his race. He has “ given ardor to virtue, and confidence to truth.” He has led forth patriotism from a cell and placed her on a throne. He has robbed the tyrant of his plea, and shown that it is not necessary that man kind should be enslaved; and from that time forward, till the voice of history is struck dumb, wheresoever on the face of the globe an effort is made to establish constitutional government, here his example is present to furnish an ever ready answer to theever ready objection that, though the theory is good, it is impossible to put it into practice.— North American Review, A DEAR KISS. A curious trial was recently held at Middlesex Session, in England. Thomas Saverland, the prosecutor, stated that on the day after Christmas, he was in the tap-room where the de fendant, Carolina Newtcft), and her sister, who had come from Birmingham, were present. The latterjokingly observed that she had promised her sweetheart that no man should kiss her while absent. It being holiday time, Saverland considered this a challenge, and caught hold of her and kissed her. The young womon took it as a joke; but her sister, the defendant, . said she would like as little ol that kind of fun as he pleased.— Saverland told her, if she was angry he would kiss her also ; he then tried to do it, and they fell to the ground. On rising, ‘ the woman struck him, he again tried to kiss her, and in the scuffle she bit off his nose, which she spit out of her mouth.— The action was brought to recover damages far the loss of the nose. The defendant said he had no business to kiss her. If she wanted kissing, she hod a husband to kiss her, a better looking man than ever the prosecutor was. The jury without hesitation acquitted her; and (he chairman said, that if any man attempted to kiss a woman against her will, she had a right to bite offhis nose if she had a fancy for so doing. .NAPOLEON’S WIDOW. In an account of the recent coronation of the of Aus tria as King of Lowbardy, we find the follow ing short notice '■ of Maria Louisa, the widow of Napoleon : 1 In the state carriage next lo that of the Emperor was the widow of Napoleon, Maria Louisa. Her full form, ample ' countenance and careless or contented expression would seem ■to indicate that the vicissitudes of life have passed over her without leaving'any deep traces or saddening recollections be- ’ ' hind. How cold, heartless must be the breast of contented woman ! ' She is now the wife, we believe, of some German noble, and follows joyfully in the train of the legitimates, wherever they move. Little did the Emperor of France, or the exile of St. 1 Helena, anticipate that this would be the fate of the mother of his child anil the wife of his bosom. ■ There is perhaps not an instance of a man of genius having , had a dull woman for bis mother, though many have had fath- erffstupid enough in all conscience. P. L. ROBINSON, PROPRIETOR. t INDIAN ELOQUENCE. What can be imagined more impressive than a warrior ris -1 ing in the council to address those who bore the scarred marks s of their title to fame and to captainship ? The dignified stat ■ tire —the easy repose of limbs—the graceful gesture—thedark, speaking eye—excite admiration and expectation. We would anticipate eloquence from an Indian. He has animating re ’ inembrances—a poetry of language, which exact rich and op posite metaphorical allusions, even for ordinary conversation— a mind which, like his body, has never been trammelled and mechanicised by the formalities of society, and passions which, from the very outward restraint imposed upon them, burn more ' fiercely w ithin. I here is a mine of truth in the reply of Red Jacket, when called a warrior: “A warrior!” said he; “I am • an Orator— l was born an Orator.” I here are not many speeches remaining on record, but even in this small number there is such a rich, yet varied vein of all the characteristics of true eloquence, that we ever rise from their perusal with regret that so few have been preserved. No where can be found a poetic thought clothed in a more capti vating simplicity of expression, than in the answer of Tecumseh to Governor Harrison, in the conference at Vincennes. It con tains a high moral rebuke and a sarcasm, heightened in effect by an evident consciousness of loftiness above the reach of in sult. At the close of his address he found that no chair had been placed for him; a neglect which Governor Harrison or dered to be remedied as soon as’ fliscovered. Suspecting, per haps, that it was more an affront than a mistake, w ith an air of dignity elevated almost to haughtiness, he declined the seat proffered with the words, “Your father requests you to take a chair,” and answered, as he calmly disposed himself on the ground; “My father ! The sun is my father and the earth is my mother. I will repose upon her bosom. Some of the speeches of Shenendoah, a Celebrated Oneida chief, contain the truest touches of natural eloquence. He liv ed to a great age: and in his last oration in council, he opened with the following sublime and beautiful sentence, “Brothers, lam an aged hendock. The winds of an hundred winters have whistled through my branches, and lam dead at the top.”— Every reader who has seen a tall hemlock; with a dry and leafless top surmounting its dark green foliage, will feel the force of the simile, “I am dead at the top.” His memory, and his vigorous powers of youth had departed forever. No less felicitions was the close of a speech made by Push mataha, a venerable chief, of a western tribe at a council held, we believe, at Washington, many years since. In alluding to his extreme age, to the probability, that he might not even sur vive the journey back to his tribe, he said: “My children will walk through the forests, and the Great Spirit will whisper in the tree tops, and the flower spring up in the trails—but Push mataha will hear not —he will see the flowers no more. He will be gone. His people will know that he is dead. The news will come to their ears, as the sound of the fall of a migh ty oak in the stillness of the woods. [Knickerbocker. From the Alabama A PENITENTIARY. Under our present criminal code, when an individual is con victed of the crime of arson, he is subject to two years impris onment, or less, at the discretion of the jury. During the time' of his incarceration, the State is bound to support him ; which lor the two years, will cost at least three hundred dollars.— The fund to discharge the debt must be collected from the community at large. Thus society is injured, in the first place, by an infraction ol an important law ; then it must expend a considerable sum of money to punish the offender, which pun ishment is but little more than comfortable seclusion, failing entirely to meet the intention of punishment, for all of which nothing is received in return. Let us suppose that there are constantly sixty-one criminals in our State prisons; the imprisonment of each costing the State one hundred and fifty dollars per annum; which amounts to an annual tax of SII,OOO. Then let us inquire what it would cost the Slate to furnish her criminals, had we a Peni tentiary. e We have been credibly informed, that there are generally about two hundred convicts in the Penitentiary of Tennessee. The late annual report of this institution, shows that the labor ot each criminal yields the State a profit of ninety dollars per annum. From the present moral character of our State, we think, if we had a penitentiary, we might safely calculate on as many “customers” as the one in our neighboring State has generally had. Two hundred criminals, producing ninety dollars each, will yield the Stale a revenue of SIB,OOO. Add to this sum, the SII,OOO which is now annually expended in the punishing of malefactors, and w<; will have a fund ofs29 ( - 000 per annum. With this, annual revenue, our State, if disposed to expend it in that way, could keep employed thirty-eight school teach- • ers, who, with thirty pupils each, would keep constantly at school eleven hundred and forty of those poor children whose parents are wholly unable to educate them. Thus vicious persons, who are not disposed to conform to the laws would be confined where they could not commit crime, to labor for the education and rearing of young men and women, who would make useful members of society. By this mode of punishment, then, we would not only restrain vice and promote virtue, but would advance the arts and sciences. We would become more intelligent as well as more moral, w ithout which our republican institutions cannot be perpetuated. In support of this propo sition, we need only to refer to the history of Greece and Rome for convincing arguments. When these nations were virtuous and gave their attention to the arts and sciences, they prosper ed. But when they became vicious, and neglected the culti vation of the arts and sciences, they went to ruin, Up TO ANY thing.—A good anecdote is told of the Rev. J. L. Weems, that eloquent biographer of Washington. Il is not only known that Mr. Weems wrote books, but that he ped dled them also. In one of his excursions of this nature, he ac cidently fell in with a pair of young people who were about to get married. Mr. Weems having made himself known, was im mediately applied to, to perform the ceremony of uniting them in wedlock. After this important matter had been settled, the idea very naturally suggested itself to some of the company, that a dance woold be very proper on the occasion. Mr. Weems had no objection ; and the only difficulty appeared to be to render the proposal practicable, was that they had no fiddler. It was whispered the difficulty could be overcome if certain arrangements could be made. Accordingly, a curtain was suspended from the ceiling, extending from one side of the room to the other, and presently behind it was heard the thumb ing and tuning of a violin, and soon after the merry dance began. All things went gaily and merrily for a while, but sud denly the curtain was torn loose, when lo! who should company behold but the Reverend J. L. Weems, fiddling away as if for poor dear life itself; but really for the amusement of th* dancers. It is certainly a happy faculty to be able lo turn one’s hand to anything. Mr. Weems was one of the most elo quent preachers ot his time—one of the chastest writers — an honest pedler—a first rate fiddler; and above all, a good man. [Baltimore Sun. I he subject of using iron of American manufacture in the con structinn ol rail roads is begining to attract public attention in L’ennsylvania, and a proposition is made in the Philadelphia U. S. Gazette to employ iron rails manufactured Pennsylvania on the proposed rail road from Eric»to the Susquehanna!). The quantity of iron required for a double track of 250 miles in lenght, is e.stima ted at about 200 tons per mile for both tracks, exclusive of cliain, spikes As. JJ’he cost of English iion is set down at about $65 per ten in Philadelphia. The expense of tiunsporting this irlfii front that city to the place at which it is wanted, would be about sls per ton, or about $750,000 for this item alone, which is of course so much in favor of the American materia), and which, it is said, would lie sufficient capital for tho establishment of immense iron woiks near the route oi the proposed rail-road. As, in addittion to this cost, the english iron would be also burdened with freight, insurance and other charges, it js thought at least wot th the experiment to ascertain whether American iron cannot be afforded at a cheaper rate titan the imported article. WIIOLfr: WD. 259.