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For the Standard of Union.
“ STATE RIGHTS AND UNITED STATES’ RIGHTS.”
No. 94.
Retail Law—My own Course—Temperance Society—
Presentment in 1838—Forbearance—Candidates—
Village influence.
A great and absorbing subject is engaging the public
attention ; I mean the retail law. My individual course
on that subject has incurred the surprise of some of my
friends. m
1 was perhaps, the first public man in the county in
which 1 live, who took a decided stand against intemper
ance. In the year 1820, when I became a candidate for
the Legislature, I announced, in one of the public papers,
that I should not pursue the usual course of endeavoring
to promote my success by treating. For this, 1 incurred
considerable displeasure, and, I think, lost my election.
Persisting, however, in the stand I had taken, 1 afterwards
succeeded.
At length came the temperance secictv. After due de
liberation, 1 became a member. Here, again, I incurred
considerable displeasure; and I well recollect, that, on a
certain occasion, a gentleman competing with myself and
others for a seat in the House, on being asked, if he was
in favor of the temperance society replied, audibly and
rxultingly, “ No ; 1 want every man to drink as much as
he pleases.” That gentleman is now one of the foremost
in the movement of the day. I am not blaming him for
his present course ; but the change is remarkable. For
myself, I have no such facility of change: I stand now,
where I did then: and it may be that I am as much bla
med now for being behind, as I was then for being before.
I am not opposed to the movement of the day ; I mean,
to the action of the great body of the people, on the sub
ject of retailing ardent spirits. If they want legislative
interference, let it be had: I am wilting to acquiesce in
the majority. Yet I have not assigned the petition: It
eppeared to me I could not consistently do so. The rea
sons are the following :
In the year, 1832, I published an address containing
the following views : “ I am a member of the temperance
society. The piinciple of this society is misunderstood.
Some have supposed it would be disposed to resort to co
ercion. This is not the fact. Consent is the principle of
its existence. Knowing the ravages of intemperance, we
persuade men.” After some intervening remarks, show
ing the ravages of intemperance, See. I concluded as
follows: Our citizens then may dismiss their fears, at least
to far as 1 am concerned. 1 do not believe the temper
ance societies will be so silly as to attempt compulsion,
knowing, as they must, that such an attempt would effectu
ally defeat their purposes, and put them down,
would like to persuade men, and only to persuade them.”
'1 is true that my individual declarations bind no one
but myself. .’Tis also true that plausible distinctions are
drawn between men as citizens, and as members of the
temperance society. ’Tis farther true that plausible sug
gestions are made why the mode of operation in 1832 hav
ing failed, more efficient means should be resorted to.—
All this, and much more, is true.
let I have not felt relieved from the pledges so expli
citly given in 1S32. Whenever the majority of those to
whom i made those pledges think proper to relieve me, 1
shall feel at liberty to act upon my best judgment.
Most assuredly I am not the friend of grog-shops. Most
assuredly 1 do not believe that any man has a right to use
his property in such a way as to injure his neighbor. Most
assuredly 1 think the retail of ardent spirits may be con-
siitatiouaiiy and propei ly regulated by the Legislature.—
The question is scarcely open fur discussion. The ques
tion is scarcely open for discussion. The power has been
frequently exercised without a single doubt of its constitu
tionality, as far as I know.
Nor is the position which I now occupy at all different
from that I occupied as a member of the grand jury, in
1838. I now “call upon reflecting men every where,”
as earnestly as I did then, “to aid in putting down those es
tablishments, which prove to our young men the very cham
bers of death; to exterminate those harpies who prowl
through the land, ready to strip inexperienced youths of
the hard earnings of honest fathers.” It will be perceived,
however, on a re-examination of the presentment at March
Term, 1838, that its object was to exhort “public officers
to a faithful discharge of doty ;” under existing laws of
course; “ in suppressing vice and immorality to “ im
plore reflecting men every where to unite in arresting the
current of dissipation, suggesting no new legislation ; and
to “ call upon them to aid in putting down” gambling
houses, and to “ exterminate” gamblers.
Il others suppose that the general principles laid down
in the presentment are applicable, to other persons and
other establishments, let them act accordingly. If oth
ers see sufficient reason to abandon the ground occu
pied by the temperance society, in 1832; if they consid
er the present enterprise different front, and unconnected
with, the temperance enterprise; let them act according
ly; but let them not censure those who cannot see the
way quite so clear. Let them exercise due forbearance
towards those who may entertain doubts as to the expedi
ency, the practicability, or the means of the present en
terprise. Let them even respect the prejudices, if they
are considered such, of those who apprehend too great a
connection between Church and State in the present en
terprise. Let them enquire, too, whether the evils sought
to lie remedied, may not be as much owing to the noti-
inforcement of existing laws, as to the want of further legis
lation. In whatever may be the deliberate judgement and
action of the people, I am willing to acquiesce. God forbid
that I should, in any way, binder any salutary reform, by
Far the Standard of Union.
“ STATE RIGHTS AND UNITED STATES RIGHTS.”
No. 95.
The Recorder—Mr. Van Buren—Internal Improve
ment— Cumberland Road.
The hallucination of the Recorder continues ; witness, its
“zig-zag" imaginings of the 16th hist. ’Twill be well if its
malady should net rapidly progress through all the stages, from
slight mental aberration, to furious madness. Entertaining
no hope, therefore, of operating on the reason of that paper,
I shall yet continue, on account of others, to notice the charges
against Mr. Van liuren; sometimes in the language of the
Recorder; sometimes in that of others; iu answering which,
byjhe way, I shall often be answering charges against Judge
McDonald, and the Union party; as their opiuious, are iu
many respects, identical. Indeed, oue of the charges against
Jmlge McDonald is, that “he is the firm supporter of Mr.
Van Gureu.”
The Recorder, which is still the oracle of very^mitiy good
men, says, on the 9th iust. we shall “findhim,” Mr. Van Gu
reu, “ voting for those very toll-gates, upon federal authority
— thus giving the highest evidence of his federal principles,
and bis utter disregard fir the rights of the States, or their
people.” On the leading and “ lest question” of “internal im
provements by the federal government,” Mr. Van Gureu is
represented as “ hard by the toll-gates!—acting with the ene
mies of State Rights.”
Upon this topic, I find the following note, appended by Mr.
Van Buren to his speech on the right of t^: Vice President to
call to order: “ Mr. Vau Gureu is by no means certain, that,
in this respect, he himself has been altogether without fault.
At the very first sessiou he came into the Senate, the know 1-
edge of the perpetual diaiu that the Cumberland road was
destined to prove upon the public treasury, unless some means
were taken to prevent it. and a sincere desire to go at all times,
as far as lie could consistently with the Constitution, to aid iu
the improvement, and promote the prosperity, of the western
country, had induced him, without full examination, to vote
for a provision authorising the collection of toll on the road.
The affair of the Cumberland road, in respect to its reference
to the constitutional powers of this Government, is a matter
entirely sui generis, [of its own kind ] It was authorized du
ring tie administration of Mr. Jefterson, grew out of the
disposition of the territory of the U. States, and had the consent
of the Slates through which il passed. lie has never heard an
explanation of the subject (although it has beeu a matter of
constaut reference) that has been satisfactory to his own
mind. All he can say is, that if the question were again pre
sented to him. he would vote against it; and that his /egret for
having done otherwise would be greater, bad not Mr. Monroe,
much to his credit, put his veto on the bill, aud were it not, as
far as he knows, the only vote in the course of a seven year's ser
vice, which the most fastidious critic can torture into au in
consistency with the principles which Mr. V. B. professed to
ii„- niaiutain,” Ac. Quire:—How long was this voto given be-
We * nre Recorder supported, or abandoned,Mr. Vau Buren]
and how long was his vote ou the Tariff given before that
paper helped to elect him Vice President ? But consistency
is not expected of the Recorder. To the charge thou as it
stands
The ground occupied by Mr. Vau Buren, under many mit
igating circumstances, and “without full examination,” has
been long since abandoned. “The charge of latitudiuary
opinions on this point, lests, theu, on a single vote, given at
the time, and uuder the circumstances stated, and never re
peated during his legislative career." “From the moment
when the Maysville Road bill first came under the considera
tion of the Executive, until the preseut day,” eontinues Mr.
Butler, “ Mr. Van Buren t.asbien a devoted and active supporter
of the reforms which President Jackson has actually effected,
and of those he has endeavored to effect, upon this great subject."
More iu my next number. LACON.
July 29th, 1839.
For the Standard of Union.
To Josiah Flournoy and Joseph II. Lumpkin, Esqs.
Gentlemen:—In the Recorder of the 2nd July, is a
copy of a petition on the subject of retailing intoxicating
driuks which you are so zealously advocating befure the
people of Georgia.
Moved, as we believe you to be, from good motives, and
men of capacity to see truth from error, permit an humble
advocate of what is believed to be your ultimate object,
(the excessive use of ardent spirits) to point out some of
the defects of your petition and process.
You set out in your petition by saying, you believe the
“ retail of intoxicating drinks an evil of great magnitude”
Ac. In Mr. Lumpkin, this is an unpardonable error, ac
customed, as be is, to all the technicalities of special ple’ad-
ing; for he must see, that the fact of “retailing” can do
no injury, if nobody drinks to excess. Therefore it fol
lows, that it is not the sale, but the excess of drinking that
does the mischief, if any mischief is done, which will be
admitted, provided, we can be excused for judging where
we have neither right or interest to judge; for we had
rather be a little selfish in our own affairs, than impudent
in other men’s. Then the petition strikes at the vocation
of A, to cure, or correct a sin committed by B.
You go on, “ and ask you, in your wisdom, to pass such
a law as will effectually put a stop to it.” Now gentle
men, do you seriously believe, that breaking up the grog
shops alone will cure the evil complained of? If you do,
permit me respectfully to tell you, you are mistaken, and
that you will find yourselves at issue with much experience
and observation. All men have not studied man. Noth
ing short of a total exteimination of spirits, wine and ci
der, will cure the evil. To do which, upon the broad
ground of philosophy and an enlarged view of govern
ment, neither of you would consent, independent of the
Constitution of the United States, giving Congress the
power to regulate commerce.
In the second paragraph of your petition (excuse me
gentlemen) you are guilty of a political sacrilege and pla
giarism. You use Mr. Jefferson’s term, appropriate only,
by far the most important branch of our commerce, should
bo independent of factitious fluctuations, aud the prices of
cotton be subject only to the proper laws of supply and de
mand, is more difficult of realization, than many interested
in the product or sale of the great Southern staple seem to
imagine. We are not so fully satisfied as the signers of the
Circular “to the Cotton Planters” ant! others, appear to be,
that the Bank of England is not hostile to American inter
ests. 'i he financial history reciprocally of England aud the
United States during the last three years has left a different
impression with us. A systematic course of oppression to
wards American trade wo admit would be alike injurious to
the British spinner and the American planter or factor, but
that the Bank lias operated against the latter we think can
hardly be questioned by any one who lias seriously watched
the course of trade especially since the United States Bank
ceased to be a national institution. If any arrangements
growing out of the preliminary steps now taken, can be made
to guard against the evils hitherto suffered, it will be a bless
ing which the whole country not less than the South will
share.
The first of these documents iu order is the Circular of the
English spinners, which.is prefaced by some remarks from
the Manchester Guardian.
THE AMERICAN COTTON SPECULATION.
As tbo Great Western will sail on Saturday next for the
United States, we think a few observations upon the origiu,
present stare and probable consequences of the extraordina
ry speculation in cotton in the United States may not be en
tirely without interest on either siflo of the Atlantic; aud if
they should have any effect in chocking the extiemo disposi
tion of iho Americau planters and merchants to resort to
speculative meaus of bolstering up the price of their great
commodity, to the great injury ef the English manufacturers
iu the first iustauce, and their loss ultimately, our purpose in
writing them will have beeu fully answeied.
As some of the American speculator have recently urged
the agreement entered into by certain spiuners iu this neigh
borhood to work short time as an excuse for the speculative
advauces which they propose to make or rather which they
wish to obtaiu, it is uecessary to go back a little, and to see
what was the real origin of the speculation in America,
and of the diminished consumption iu this country. Ou
referring to our own file for the laiT year, we find the fol
lowing article, which appeared on the 29th of December,
some time before there had beeu any agreement to work short
time amongst any porlion of the spinners iu this country.
‘■Thecontinued action of the Banks of the United States
ou the cotton market, by their extraordinary aud unwarrant
ed efforts to bolster up prices by advancers to the planters, to
enable them to keep their cotton out of the regular markets,
has begun to excite a feeling of alarm and irritation in thi
checking the consumption ; they would, probably, have been
decidedly higher at the present moment thau they now are,
and with a tendency upwards, instead of being in a state of
rapid decline, which, if we may judge from the following facts
is likely to he cairied considerably further.
It appears from the Liverpool United Broker’s Circular, that
the stock of American Cotton in Liverpool, on Friday last,
was no less than 458.920 bales, which without any further
importations, will afford a supply of 17,050 bag* per week,
fop the remaining 20 weeks iu the year, lint the purchases
for consumption of American Cotton iu Liverpool, during the
first 20 weeks of the year, have only 278.117 bales, or an av
erage of 10,700 bales per week. And if we assume that tilers
were iu the bauds of dealers aud spinners at the commence
ment of the year, about 80,000 more than at the present time,
the consumption during the first half of the year has not amoun
ted to moro thau 13,000 per week. An l what are the pros
pects of consumption for the latter half of the year? Unless
there should be a very speedy break down of the speculators
giving confidence to dealers iu aud consumers of Cotton goods,
as well as to spinners 2nd manufacturers, the consumption of
American Cotton for the second half of the year cannot mate
rially exceed that of the first. At the present time, fur from
increasing, the consumption is rapidly declining, the present
week having witnessed the commencement of short time
amongst th* spinners at Bolton (who have entered into an
engagement to work not more than four days per week.) at
VVigau, where ten mills are now standing entirely, aud the
remainder, with one exception, working half time on the av
erage, and in din a re ut parts oi the country, where tho con
sumption Udiminishing every week. If, theu, the consump
tion for the second six months of the year should not exceed
that for the first six months, there wifi be on the 3Lt of De-
comber next, 100,000 baji remaining out of the present stock
iu Liverpool, together with the whole of what may he import
ed from this time to the end of tho year, which cannot be es
timated at less than 350,003 to 300,000 bales. With sueh a
stock at the conclusion of th* year, and with a cowing crop
of extraordinary magnitude, we leave our readers to judge
what are likely to be the prices of Cotton at that time, and
what is likely to he the condition of the parties who have en
gaged iu one of the most rash aud iusaue speculations of mo
dern times. That they will be crushed by the weight of their
undertaking, is already perfectly dear; and the lougei they
persist in thei r present course—the more of temporary aid
they may receive from speculative hankers, tho more will con
sumption bo diminished—the more signal aud exemplary will
be their puuishineut—aud the more extensive will be the con
sequent deraugemeut of tbo commerce, tho agriculture aud
the currency of the United States.
Such are consequences of excessive speculation—such are
the evils insvitahly resuitiug from attempts to monopolize a
, commodity iu extensive use, or to bolster up its price by srti-
neighborhood; fur, although it is well kuown that prices ficU , tneau3 . This is far from being tt.e fiist attempt of the
must in the end be regulated, as they ought to be at B j< I kiud that 1ms beeu made with respect to Cottou, which ap-
times, by the natural operations of supply and demand it t, , p eu .. a to have invited more speculation thau almost any other
fttiu easy to see that the interference now practising iu the j commodity of eoual magnitude; aud we believe no iostauce
Southern States of America may very probably have tae ef- j haj| yat occurrec j the speculation ha* not iuvolved in
feet of temporarily forcing up prices here to a very serious j gev#1 . # distress aud suffering, if not in Htter ruin, the gieat bulk
extent; and the spinners will be compelled either to stop their ; of (he parl ; M engaged iu it, aud unfortunately the evil has not
irmteiial Rt rate# which iLt)\ atnnnAif tha*** imt im
any, and by all means that n.av be found necessary and pro- 1 ho P e > 0,1 such S reat occasions as that A P ostie of libert -V
A ...
per; dc especially, any on which the temporal Aeternai in
terests of the children of my own bowels may depend !
In promoting reform, however, we ought to be careful not
to infringe the rights of the citizen, or to violate essential
principle.
I am sorry that this enterprise is assuming a party cha
racter. Much evil will he the consequence, even to the j
enterprise itself. Far myself, I will not unless driven, j
make it a partv question. If Josiah Flournoy were a can- j
didate for the House, as I hoped he might be, and as might I
be far better than having men offer, after published de- |
clensions, or occasional letirenients, 1 would vote for him :
If 1 like others who are candidates, I shall vote for them
without reference to their feeling toward the petition.—
The pressing, or receiving of men into the public service
after public declensions, or apparent retirement, and con
trary to their professional and private interests and engage
ments, may seem to authorise the preposterous idea, that
the county and the country cannot get along without them;
that they can lay down, and take up, public honors at plea-
ure, and that tiiey can admit, and exclude, others, accord
ing as they may like, or dislike them, when they offer.—
ised it. I mean “ quartering." Can that be called
“ quartering upon us” which our forefathers bequeathed to
us. Think you that til? shades of the venerable dead
patriots of the revolution, or the living sages of the pres
ent age, will justify your use of this expression for so
miserable a cause ?
Speak out gentlemen, tell us all your complaints against
the retail shops. Publish them to the world in detail.
You may have something unknown to ns. Let us see
all, and if we cannot make a full set-off, or at least raise
a doubt in favor of the shops, we will go with you and
help to exterminate them,
Your third paragraph, for the present, is nothing more
or less than to take one wrong to justify another. Bjcause
other States have done wrong, Georgia must do likewise.
Now I have such a pride logo before, and such a “ dis
relish" to follow, I must be convinced of the correctness
of the measure before I would follow in the train, of even
Massachusetts.
It won’t do gentlemen, you must give us a better reason.
Your fourth and last paragraph we believe worse than
all the rest, which says “ the traffic is full of evil and only
And the chilling repulse of such as may present themselves ! « vi1 -" For so long as it is admitted a useful medicine
to fill stations actually, or apparently, abandoned by nth- ! ( and we M,eve that bas never been don,ed ) for man or
ers, may not only injure the feelings of worthy men, but
may injure tire party who may countenance such prepos
terous conduct.
But I forget; I spend my breath in vain. The village
regency have asked more and more of the county, and the
county have yielded more and more, till it has at last asked
for every tiling. They propose to send the Senator and i = .... . ,, .... -.
all the representatives from the village ; and it is likely P arc ' U ? he f 0rt the «**" «*« thcpcUUon l sup-
they will be indulged. The country has yielded up its j P"/ e ‘? lat wll J be ^poLi-yforyon^liiUharrily,^ jus-
men of influence, one after another, till perhaps it is im
possible to get them to unite on any one. For myself,
speaking as a voter I have surrendered at discretion.
beast, the “ traffic” must have some good in it. But we
hold that many other very great benefits does flow from
the traffic, and which we ate not ashamed to put on pa
per, if our bungling manner of doing such things can be
excused.
But gentlemen, you propose to carry your measure by
adding minors to your petition. You intend to get, the
works, or to purchase tho raw material at rate* which they
know cannot be permanent, with the certainty of the lo»,
from its subsequent decline in value. That the system of
advances from the Banks, with the view of keeping cotton
fora time-out of the market, is now carried to a vory consid
erable extent, the recent advices from all parts of the eatton
growing Suites abundantly testify. Ou Saturday last we in
serted a circular issued by Mr. Iugersoll, nominally as agent
to Humphrey’s A Biddle, of Liverpool, but really a* agent
to the Bank of the United States; and we now find in the
New York Daily Express of the 7th Dec. another circular of
the same kind, but emanating from a different quarter. It is
in the following terms—
“ MISSISSIPPI UNION BANK.
“Jackson, Nov. 16. 1533.
Sir—The directors of this institution, believing that the
cotton crop of this State will fall short, and that planteis will
postpone the sale of their crops until the deficiency is kuown,
propose to advance 60 dollars for every hale of good cotton,
weighing 400 lbs., delivered to tho agents of this Bank, to be
appointed at the following shipping points, viz: at Natchez,
Vicksburg, Grand Gulf, Rodney, Manchester, Technia, Sa-
tartia, Marion, Greenwood, Grenada, Columbus, and Missis
sippi city. The owner to deliver to this Bank the said agent’s
receipt, with the matk, number aud weight of each bale, to- * u '- 11 S' , T ■ , i i
tether with a note payable twelve months after date, with ^? utb - nor do 1 bel,ove tb,; > iuteud 10 do s0 -
two or more good securittos, to be submitted to the board for
said advance.
“The cotton to be shipped to Liverpool or such other as
may he designated by the party delivering the same, at his
risk and expense, and sold on account of this bank. The
proceeds, together with the exchange, both foreign and do
mestic to be credited on his note, and the rate of the domes
tic exchange to be established bv the current rate at the time
the accouut of sales is received. Respectfully,
W. P. GRAYSON, Cashier.
“ Now as the advance mentioned in this circular, sixty dol
lars a bale, amounts to fifteen cents a pound, which at the
lime wheu the circular was written, exceeded the market
price at New-Orleatis, and with the freight and charges to
which it would be liable, exceeds also the current price in
this country at the present moment, it is not easy to conceive
what legitimate object the Mississippi Union Bunk can have
in making such advances. But it is alleged in one of the
American papers, that auother establishment in Mississippi,
(the Brandon Bank, we believe) had offered to advance 70
dollars per bate! or 17^ cents per pound, and this ou cottou
at that time worth 14 to 14jJ per pound in the New Orleans
rnaiket!”
The circular of Mr. Ingersoll .alluded to in the preceding ^
extract, turned out, as our readers mav recollect, to have beeu j “ -
.. . . ... , .. distant country many ol his warriors,
wholly unauthorised, either by the Batik ol the tinted States, 1
but the circulars of the .Missis
loss on both sides, variously estimated at from forty to*sa-
venty lives. Ross was among the slain. Now that Ridge
and Ross ate both dead, it is hoped and believed by ntanv
that Busiiyhead, by bis great popularity with ids tribe, will
yet succeed in effecting a reconciliation between the par-
lies. The Cberokees refuse to receive the beef which
the contracting agent was furnishing them ; and have threa
tened to take bis life, unless he pays ilitnt the money.”
ERRATA.
In thj third paragraph of the second column of ;hs Oration delivered
by \Y. 3. Whitfield, Faq, at Iiawkinsville, which we published iu our
paper of th? 23d ult., we mistook ihe word natural for national. The
•sentence should reud thus:
“#t lias ever been tho policy of despotism to bedizen the heads of thu
people with imaginary iueas of the splendid beams of royalty, hy eu~
shrouding - in mysteries and sophisms, the simple, self-evident principles
of reason aud justice, and natural equality.”
In the original poetical article, published in our last, vve omitted iu
tho sixth line, the word “ less.” The line should read :
“ Heaven’s great vicegerent, scarcely less than God. ’
MARRIED
In Buike county, on the 23d of July, by Eii Wooten, Us" , Mr. Wil
liam M. Furrior, of Barbour county, Ala., to Alias 3arah Aim, daughter
of Joseph Monroe, of Burke county, Geo.
OBITUARY.
Tt become* our melancholy duty to record the death of our! rite respect
ed iellow citizen, JOUM WILLIAMS, fcNqr. who breathe? his Just, in
Macon, ou Thursday^ the first instant, otter a severe ifliess of littlo
more than a week, which he coutiacted iu a recent visit to tie county of
Baker.
Mr. Williams was born in Bertie o unty, North Carolina.on the 10th
of April I7d2, from w hence his futher removed to Georgia, while Mr. W.
was quite an infant.
lie was raised and resided for a number of rears, in the county of
Washington, where, from the vigor of his intellect, the energy of hi*
charucter, the manliness and integrity of his conduct bs elevated himself
to an enviable positiou in the couiidauce and affections of Ids fellow cit
izens.
Imbued with an ardent and devoted patriotism, he was among the first
and foremost of that band of gallant Georgians who volunteered their
services, to meet the common enemy in the war o* lb 12. and took tho
field under General Floyd, ill the campaign of 1312, and ’L\ ?= 1st Lieu
tenant in Capt. Irwin’s Company ot Dragoons, from the county of
Washington, where by his manly and honorable course, he rained tho
esteem of his fellow soldiers; and in the perilous charge at the battle of
Atitnssee, was greatly distinguished for intrepidity and good conduct.
Jklr. Williams subsequently became a citizen of Baldwin county, w hero
he continued to reside, until his removal to Macon, in loJIS, and when*
he received repeated manifestations of that confidence and respect, which
are due to ability, integrity and patriotism. He was repeatedly called
to represent the people of Baldwin in the Senatorial branch ot the Gen
eral Assembly, and subsequently chosen by the Legislature to presido
over the Treasury Department of the State ; the d :t:es of which he dis
charged with a correctness and fidelity, which rellect honor upou his
memory.
“But It was not alone in public life, that he shone conspicuous, and
wus respected, honored and loved* As a neighbor he was respected—ua
m friend tie was honored—as a husband and a futher he was loved, with
that affection aud tenderness, due to ail that was kindness, devotion and
solicitude for the welfare of those who w ere bone of his bone, arid fieah
of Ids flash.
To ilia bereaved of his own household we would fain minister th«
words of consolation; but in the vicissitudes ol* life, and the tiiapensa-
tious of providence, we have learned that M grief must have its wav.”
L. RobiN'SON is a candidate to re
present Baldwin county, in the Repre
sentative branch of the Legislature.
6th, 1839.
JOCKEY CLUD RACES,
atopp.d the'©, hut iiici a 1 tv ay* ?xtotulod far aud wide auaougst
thosa who were perfectly iuuoccut of the errors which have
given rise to it.
We fear diet the planters and merchants of the United
States are, as a hotly, far tot) prone to eiigsqteiu undertakings
whioh are entirely inconsistent w ith the ordinary rules of com
mercial enterprise; but they’will bo had learners indeed if ike
r.suit ef their present speculation does not make some im
pression upon their minus. *
From the Savannah Georgian.
FROM FLORIDA.
We insert llie following letter from a Florida corres
pondent, premising, that while he has stated a flails pretty
much as, we fear, tiiey exist in that Territory, he appears
to have indulged a disposition to draw on his imagination
for the Proclamation inclosed, which, though never before
gazetted, is, we apprehend, a fair exposition of the spirit i AJ , RQME Geo OX THE S th of OCTOBER
of the i allahassees. .... ....
-, t ,. .... ■ . r,~ c , . .1 10,1 i rriHE RAC ES over the Westers Course, at ROME, will cam
Fear So .* I Ills is the .7ilt ol July. On the loti!, ; meuee on the 8th dav of October next, and continue tour davs. frei
according to proclamation, all the Indians were to have j for any Horse, Marc, or Gelding in the United States.
been “ intra hmites” south of Pease Creek, but, alas, uo
such good news can he told. The Indians have not gone
The Tul-
lahassees say, that they were no parties to the, so called,
“ treaty,” that they are very well supplied with every
thiug needful—arms, ammunition, provisions, Ac.; that
the country now in their possession suits them wonderful
ly well, and that if the white folk want it, they must come
and take it. Tiger Tail’s proclamation, taken from the
[stochattee Gazette, of the 19th inst., shows tha spirit ex
isting among the Indians :—
“ PROCLAMATION.”
“ lie ad-Quarters, July 19, 1839.
“The Major-General Commanding iu Chief" is happy
1st day
2d day
3d day
4th day
4 mile heats,
3 mile heats,
2 mile heats,
1 mile heats,
$400.
300.
200.
150.
Tho Tract will be putin first ruto ortfor, and nopbina or expense spar
ed to render it the best in the State. Also, extensive preparations will
be made for the accommodation of company, and the Club more rendii/
tender the invitation to all who delight in this* sport, us tiiey are well sat
isfied that no pain* will be spared to render every coir, enience which will
conduce to the plea-lira of those who umy wish to repair to this place,
for the purpose of training their horses, and contending for the above pur
ses, over this new and excellent course. We once mere invite our friends
in the adjoining Suite.*, to the trial of sored with ihe Georgian..
Those who wish to come will do well to write t* the Secretary, that
■uitebla errunneiiients may be made for their accommodation.
J. J. EARLY, Sec’y.
A turns! 6. 23 3t
the public that they
to announce to the gallant spirits untler his command, trial j TO THE CITIZENS of liILLEBGEJ ILLE
the treaty maJe by his great brother in arms, Gen. Ma
comb, is now null and void. Tho Tallahassee* have had
time, during the suspension of hostilities, to provide them
selves with arms, a mmunition, and provisions in abun- J
dance. The tribe, hitherto divided into small roving par- j
ties, has had au opportunity to assemble and decide on the !
best measures to be pursued. The Great Chief at Wash
best measures to be pursued. 1 lie ureat Utuel at W ash I ever given inar.’ t-.-ner?.! satisfaction than ti:r- bexuv.itinuof
ington lias had nearly ali Ids warriors in pursuit of us for j from the NFAVE.ST and BEST, to tho OLDEST and \V
.1 .i i> i.:ii i purifies ami enliven, nil.
AND VICINITY,
tl j npilE Subscriber* take (ileasnre iu infurtni
- i have commenced the business of
RENOVATING OF FEATHER 3EDS,
in the city, hoping to meet with the patronage of a libera! public.
The Feather Dressing Uu* but recent! v been iuti I r ' i tutu the south
ern country, and we have uo lieeitalion in ns, - itiue that no invention baa
evergiven more general satisfaction than the ttrsowrcNu er rv.-vTviXRs,
OR.V1'. It
more than three years. By oar skill and vigilance we
have evaded them. The Great Chief has seat to a far
| tification to forestall a minors volition, after it comes of
! age. Nor do I consider it exactly right that you shouldjat-
tempt to pass off my neighbor’s child upon the Legislature
In no county in the State, however, as far as 1 am ap
prised, has the abuse of which I am speaking, proceeded
to the extent to which it has in the county in which I reside.
Nor will it always prevail here. Though late, tho people
of the country will ultimately do justice to themselves ;
though I Dust they w ill continue to do justice to the village,
and to accord its full share of public honors, which I wil
lingly admit, would he very considerable.
July 22d, 1839. LACON.
_ 1 as a set ®ff to my legal vote.
I am sensitive on this latter part, and wish to be in
formed whether you do meddle with family government.
A FHIEND OF GOOD ORDER.
The Georgia Argus is requested to republish. ^
WELLERI.SM.
I’m for “ internal improvement,” as the glutton said at
the-public dinner.
THE COTTON QUESTION.
or by Humphries and Biddle,
sippt Union Bank aud the Braudou Bank were perfectly gen
uine; and it became well known iu this country, that those
aud several other establishments of the same kind were ad
vancing largely at most extravagaut rates upou cotton con
signed to their order; aud that consequently, a very great
advance had takeu place in prices in all the ports of the tin
ted States.
The effect of all these proceedings upon the trade of Man
chester aud the neighborhood might have been foreseen by
any one who had paid attention to the occurrences of the
last 20 or 30 years. The cottou spinners had had too much
experience of the results of former speculations, and the issue
of former predictions of deficient crops to place tho slightest
confidence in the views of the American speculators—and as
a body they tefused to act in accordance with tboso views.
Notwithstanding the palpable falling off iu the receipts of
cotton at tho Americau ports, which appeared to corroborate
the accounts of the short crops, the spiuners gave no credit
to those accounts; because it was impossible to say how iar
the supply had been artificially checked, in order to favor the
views of the speculators; aud, after working out their stocks
they gave with great reluctance the advanced prices which
began to prevail on this side of the Atlantic. The buyers
of goods and yarns too, who distrusted the results of the
speci^atiou quite as much as tho spiuners, were also disposed
to clear out their stoeks-belore they ventured upon fresh pur
chases, and the too rapid extension of manufacturing machi
nery for the last year or two, haviug produced au accumula
tion of manufactures, which could have beeu taken oil' only
by means of low prices and general prosperity—the effect of
these joint causes was greatly to depress the price of manu
facture* as compared with iIiobc of the taw material; and
the spinners found, that au advance of some 2jd. per pound
in the cotton they were buying at Liverpool did not cause an
advance of more thau a farthing par pound in yarn.
That this unsatisfactory state of things wasautirely brought
about by the Americau speculation, we do not mean to as
sert; tho probability is, that without any such speculation the
trade of the spinnor would not have been very profitable du
ring the preseut year ; hut there can lie no doubt, that by the
speculation tho depression was greatly aggravated. The evil,
as wo have already explained, did not consist in tho high price
of cotton, so much as iu tho general distrust of the stability of
that price, which was produced by a knowledge of the specu
lative dealings in the United Status. Tho buyers of goods,
without paying any particalar attention to the relative prices
of raw cotton aud manufactured goods, very naturally argued,
that if prices had been raised to n certain level by tho specu
lative advances of the American hankers, they would tie like
ly to fall considerably whenever those advances wore with
drawn, aud the speculation wholly brokeu down. Tho disin
clination to purchase might have been pretty much the same
even if tho prices had been lotvar than they were, provided
there had beeu the same want of confidence in their stability.
Mow different would have been the situation of all parties
concerned, if tho cotton crop had been, from the first, fairly
put upon the market, and the price left to he determined by
. j have their ranks continually thinned by diseass and other
causes, and you only have to consider how much we have
the upper hand of the white folk to see that the advantage
for some to come must be greatly on our side. The “tre-
ty” tn.yde at Fort King was not attended by any Chief
from our tribe, and of course, can have nothing to do
with us. The white folk say we must go south to the
country agreed upon by the Mickasukies and Seminole*.
If they cannot consent to let us stay where we are now,
let them come and put us where they p!ease---aftet they’ve
caught us.
“T. TAIL,
“ Maj. Gen. Com’g. in Chief,
“ Of all the Tallahassee*.”
“ A true copy,
“ A. Hajo, Sense Bearer.”
It was said Col. Harney had had a talk with Sam Jones,
who represented himself as willing to go within “ the
limits,” and who promised to aid in forcing the Tallalias-
secs to do the same. Now, Gen. Macomb’s proclamation
from Fort King says, that the agreement (i. e. the trea
ty) was made with Chitto Tustenugge, principal chief of
tiie Mickasukies and Seminoles, and successor to Sam
Jones. If that be true what power has Sam to promise
his aid in making the two tribes wage war againit tho Tal-
lahass^es T
“NOUS VERRONS.”
purme-
We invito tlie put.lie to cull at the house lately occupied »s the office*
of the Stumbl'd of Union, on Wayne street, where they can sxx the tua-
Those that remain chlu -' a “ J ' Vituo * i Us eperttaou *- ALEXANDER Je SPECK.
Aueu*t6. 28
N. B. Those who want work fienswtll please nr.i.e iiumedutte appli
cation, as our services are wanting in otheer prices.
Wc publish to-day. tho remarks of the National (Philada.) j the natural operations of supply iiutl demand. If the quanti
Gazette, leaning favorably to tho late Cotton Circular. Sub- I ty was so deficient as tho planters (and that thoie was a con
joined will be found the English view of the question, fftm | sidorahle deficiency seems now probable enough.) the (act
the Manchester Guardian. j would very soon hr.vo boon manifested by the deficient sup-
Several documents connected with the American Cotton plies, which, in tho absence of speculating combinations,
Trade with England, we publish to-day as matter of very ! would have been taken as correct indications of tho crop,
general concern. The desire expressed on all hands that this, Prices would, consequently, have risen, without materially
WAR AMONG THE CIIEKOKEES.
By the Boonville Emigrant of the 11 lb inst., we have tbo
following unpleasant intelligence from the Cherokee nn-
tion ; and from tho allusion to the beef contract, we pre
sume it may be relied upon. We suppose the information
conies through the contractor.—St. Louis Republican.
“ W» are informed by a gentleman directly from Ar
kansas, that a war is now raging among the Cherokee*.
“ It appears that difficulties and dissentions originating
in an unwillingness on the part of Ross and others to sub
mit to tho terms of the treaty by which they coded to the
United States the territory formerly occupied by them,
had resolved the nation into two parties, styled the Ross
party and the Ridge patty, each contending for the ascen
dency. The followers of Busiiyhead, as he is called, may
we presume, he said to constitute a third party. This lat
ter individual, however, has hitherto acted rather in the
character of pacificator, and has employed himself chiefly
in efforts to effect a reconciliation.
“ On June 30th their National Council assembled for
the purpose of legislation. Tho rejection of a law pro
posed by a member of tho Ridge party, so highly offend
ed them that they withdrew from the council; and .subse
quently the Ross party resolved to destiny all the chief
tains belonging to the Ridge party, appointing for the ex
ecution of this purpose, a committee of forty individuals
to each of said chiefs. They succeeded in accomplishing
their bloody design, in every instance but one. One sin
gle chief [his name forgotten] happened not to be at home,
lie rallied the Ridge party, and on tho 28tii marched up
on the Ross party; a battle ensued which resulted in a'
& sttst- m -z Ai.’Sh.'rixa. s* be
RUNAWAY Loin the Subscriber*
about the 12th of February last, a negro
/ Man named BOB, aevii about thirty-years, about
r v / five tec! ten iiR'he- - iikh, and weigh" nbo it 14*1 pounds*
of a tolerable lively appearance, Las a -ear cu one of
his cheeks which has formed ami appeara as a substance re*eiubliu.: a
small linger from the middle joint. Ueu U-t hoard Iroui he was in
Bibb county, Ala., where be was apprehended and e.-capod; he titer*
slated he belonged to a nun by the name ol Hunt, and v>he:i a^aia ta
ken may not give his ow ners name, be also stated he designed
Augusta, Geo., he may probably go in the direction wi i times
purchased him last autumn of a Mr. Heailtl, a uiuli
county in that State
Tha above reward w ill be paid for hi- 1 apprehension and s^.fe confine
ment in any Jail in the Soixtn, or South-western State?, and information
given to the aubscriber, al his residence near Trie, G
August 6, 1830.
anil to
% a* I
Bedford
euntv, Ala.
'BRYAN HINES
*J8 4 m
MACHINERY.
MlLLCASTiNGS, Ironwork, Cotton and all
* 'fi kinds of Machinery furnished of the best mate-
ris'.s, and dntJhril in flic best manner, by "The Sn.ero
Manufacturing Company of Maryland.” who have inads
arrangements* with Messra. Stovall, Simmons 5c Co., of
Augusta, Geo., to be their Agents, for receiving consign
ment?, who are authorized to receive payment of bill? and expenses oh
delivery by them, of the above described work, sent to that aectioa of
the South convenient to Augusta.
Prompt attention v\ II ho paid to all orders addressed to those pvitlerr^n,
at Augusta, to Thomas Landsdalc, Superintendent of tho works at tho
“ Savage Factory,” Md. or to
GEORGE WILLIAMS, Agent,
August f», MM9. 03 9m. Baltimore.
W
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
TILL RE SOLD, in pnrs"nnre of an order of the Inferior Corn- of
Washington county, sitting ns n Court of Ordinary, on the frs*
Tuesday in October n -xt, at tho Courthouse door in said county, a le-
gro man bv the name of Charles, belonging to the estate of James Go-
fighlly, deceased; soid fertile benefit of the heirs and creditors of slid
James Golightlv, deceased. Terms of sals on the dav.
M. BROWN,
August 6. 2? t. Adm’r of James Golightly. deo'd.
ADMINISTRATOR'S SALE.
“ILL BE SOLD, in pursuance of an order of tho Inferior Court of
Washington countv. Hitting as a Court of Ordinary, *n the firat
Tuesday in October next; at tins Courthouse door iu sail} county, a ne
gro woman by the name of Celia, at times subject to fill of insani
ty, and a negro girl KLev, belonging to the estate of ThomasiGolightly,
deceased; sold for the h luMit of the heirs and creditors of said Thomas
Golightly, deceased. Terms on the day of sale. i\I. iflJOWN,
*\ug. (>. i< AdmV. of Thomas Goligljiiy, dec’d.
GEORGIA, Jones County.
’’IITRE AS William Hogan, Administrator on the Estate of Ridge-
v ▼ way Hogan, deceased, applies for letters of dismission*
These are therefore to cite and admonish all and singular tbe kindred
and creditors of said deceased, to appear at ni v office within the time pro**
scribed by law, to show cause, if any they have, why said letters should
not be granted. Given under mv h nd,this *J3d dav of Jniv. HC*9.
CHARLES MACARTilY/Clk.C. O-
August f», 1039. §4 o0 £8 6m.
GEORGIA, Washington County*
l IfHEREAS Josiah A mason applies to me for letters of ndministra-
▼ r tion on the estate of Asa Jordan, late of said county, deceased.
These are therefore to cite and admonish all ami singular, the kindred
and creditors ot said deceased, to ho and appear at my office within tbo
lima prescribed by law, to show cause, if nnv c\i>t, why said letter^
should not be granted.
Given un lcr my hand at office in Sanders*illc, this28th July, 1839.
Aug. 0.—28 4w " ~
I.. A. JERNfGAN, C.C-O*