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repont ofiiis skepticism, and his temerity in entering the
b mated tlmicb. Taking cotirage, livwcver, l;e opened
bis 1.1 item, and alnio-t instantly discoieri d that hi l had a
companion in the emiicii width proved Io he—a large.
Newlbundland dug, belt* 'giug to a neighbor, w hich had,
Ut> perceived, followed him imo the building.
After recii.eiiug the temporary agitation, (fright?) the j
examiner joined his hiemls in the street, and lu Id a con- s
sulfation as to w hat all these things (the awful lights which ,
had appeared from lime to time in ther litircli) could mean. !
‘•All the neighborhood,” it was sagaciously remarked,
“would certainly believe the church was haunted unless,
the appeaitrnce ot these marvellous lights could be satis
factorily accounted lor!” Many allusions were then made;
to other mvstcrimis occurrences, all of width had a,
sq'tintinc towaids the supernatural, and especially to that ;
ot a certain haunted mansion in the western part ot this j
citv, which every body believed to be haunted, because
all the bells in the house had been found ringing for months
together, and which strange event mi one had ever yet
been able to account for, although clergymen and phil
osophers had tiied their very best to find it ont.
With these and other similar awful narratives, the party
continued to hold discourse for some time, until—it mi
one of them was so much ft ightened at what he heard,
as made
• Each particular hair to "land on end.
Like quills upon the fretful porcupine,”
it was indeed quite oviduct that the courage and skepticism
of the whole party were somewhat on the wane.
In the midst, however, of all this consultation, it sud
denly popped into the head of one of the party that, per
haps, as there was a staircase window in dwelling
house, which was only separated from the church by a
very narrow passage, the reflection of a light carried up
ataiis by a member of his family might appear to perso s
on the opposite side of the street as a light flitting nbortt
the body of the church. It was then unanimously agreed
that the gentleman should go into his house and try the
experiment with a lighted candle, when to I it became al
most instantaneously evident that the light which seemed
to be flitting about the church' was the reflection of a
candle thro’ the staircase w indow into the body of the
chi rch. Thus the whole mystery was at once unravelle d,
and that too in the prr s 1 nee and sight of several by-stan
dees who wen 1 either whole or half believers in the story
of the haunted church—a story which is biubably as
well founded as many more ol the same kind which have
terrified lliui samls <>l err dt.hms beings who might have
trace i their four datum to natitral causes if they had taken
die pains to inquire intoai! the circumslinee* of the case
in a cool and deliberate manner.
Arts York, September 10.
A' RIVAL OF THE GREAT WESTERN.
Ttot nty four days Later.
The favorite steam packet Great Western was tele
graphed this morning, a I (tie before? o’clock, and ai rived
at her berth at the foot of Clint -n strept at about 11
o’clock. By her we have received <>tir files of European
papers—London ami Liverpool to the 23d of August,
• i.d Bris ul to rte day of' departure, the 24ih ultimo.
Correspttndei.ee of Commercial Advertiser.
Great W kstf.kn, Sept. 10.
This noble packet at rived this morning at 10 o’clock,
after a passage of sixteen ami a lirlf days, having depart
ed from Bristol on Saturday evening, August 24th, at
seven o’clock. She brings 110 passengers, among whom
are the Rev. Dr. IJema '. of Trov, and the Rev. Mr.
Kirk, of Albany. Oar London date sure tonight o’clock
of Friday evening, the 23 1.
The. 11 arrest.
The most important event io the era intry is the proba
ble result <>l the witear harvest in England andon the con
tinent of Eir tpo. In France most of the grain nad been
harvested and the crops were remarkably good. In the
southern parts of England the wheat harvest was nearly
over, an I the crops generally goo I. In Wiltshire veiy
little was cut, up to the 2 51, but the crops, it is believed,
will be tolerably good. In the midland counties the pros
pect is not quite as favorable, and in the north the crops
will be decidedly bad ami the harvest very latrr. Ti e
weather for many days had been fluctuating, and so had
been the prices of wheat. In Mark Lane on the 19th us
August, wheat advam rd 2 a 3s p< r quarter and a farther
a Jvattce was looker! for the next market day, but provi
dentially the weather cleared up, which is at all times a
barometer for regulating prices.
On the whole from personal observation, in a rapid
ride through m tny comities, we think there will be about
an average quantity harvested, should the weather, for
the first two weeks in September, prove fivoi iblr. The
s. t iller grains w ill be roller to re abundant, lint of hay,
the supply will !><• sin ill and this will call for a greater
quantity of grain tor so lder. Perhaps the coutitrv never
required an abundant supply of bread stuff's, more than at
present; for, unless the tens of thousands of the discon
tented get bread at a cheap rate, they will have renewed
cause of complaint, although they may have brought on
their distress by their own imprudence. The accounts
front the Baltic are favorable, and we think the same re
mark will apply to the Continent generally. From the
great wheat districts of the north of England, and from
Scotland, wc shall not hear fully until the return of the
Liverpool.
The Cotton Market.
The commercial reader is referred to the proper head
for a detail of the Colton market both at Liverpool and
Havre. Al Liverpool large sales had been made both to
the trade and for export at improving rat< s, and should
the weather continue favorable lor the harvest, pliers
will probably improve Io the extent of 4d per lb.
Ihe sales tor the week ending the9.h were 34,400
Do. do Itiih 23,1 (XI
Do. do 23d 39,750
Total bales. 97,250
The Money Market.
By previous advices we learned that the money market
had been very tight and it continued so until the Chan
cellor of the Exchequer completed his arrangement for
the funding of Exchequer bills to the amount of £4,000-
000, since which it lias been a little more easy, yet there
was still great complaining, and even on the 28d we find
it stated in some ol the leading city articles that ten per
cent had been given in some cases, but since the sale of
Exchequer bills, it had been obtained at 6 f»er ct. Mr.
Spring Riie, the present Chancellor of the Exchequer,
is to be r lined to the prerage, and be succeeded in <-flice
by Mr. F. I . Baring. Tita Standard of the 22d has the
following in its city article.
I he scarcity of money continues to be experienced in
the house as well as out ot it. To meet the numerous '
applications, th" period (or rec iving applications, for |
discounts an I returning answers at the Bank has been ,
again < xtende I one limn beyond the accustomed time.
Asa strong evidence of the state of the money ffiarket,
not only in England, but on the ('miiiueiii, *, veral gentle
men have returned in the Great Western, who had been !
commissioned to Europe for the purpose of effecting loans
for some public improveim tits in the Wes, particularly
for Illinois,* but with one partial exc< ptiun, they have
not been able to obtain a farthing. While on the lonii
nent, we conveised will) gentlemen who had gone loiin
the United Blates on a similar mission, and who will
shortly return with tie like success. Indeed, so general
has been the desire Io obtain funds from the European
Capitalists, that during lire year persons have gone to Eu
rope wi li l> m Is in their pockets to the amount of one.
hundred millions! The only thing that ran bit said of
such mission, is, tbit those who go scatter a I itllo money
on their way ; hut troni the present state of the English
money market, wo are persuaded no new loan will be
made.
Anoth »r dun? h is liken place, which will tend to keep
money in E igland. IVi) allude to that important act of
>rrc.r r'i n’> v- in type w.s Imre been informed llmt Getter I
Ka yincs a>4 Col. Oakely, wliocniiii* out in ill Grant We* tern, so -
« *o 7in n c .ting aivaa of four millions us LlinoU baids on fsvoru
-1 la tcroa. i
the repeal of the usury law. By the passage of this bill I
mom y f<*r all purpus*. s, except loans on lands, and on [
go<.<|. left with Hie pawn brokers, is a merchant*ble arti- ;
i le, and can be loaned on lulls &,c. &c. at any rate which :
tn,iv be agteed upon. This will be of great importance I
lothemetchants and others. Before the law was passed I
the merchant, in his transactions with his dealers, could |
only charge five per cent, on all advances, while for the
last two or three months he has been paying from 44 Io 10. 1
Even the Bank of England at the present moment charges ■
six per cent.
We find the following in a London paper of the 23d of'
August.
.Notwithstanding the late arrivals of bullion from Amer- i
ica and some portion of the Continent, we find, as will be
seen from the following official returns, that it is still ex
pelled to some extent, chiefly to Hamburg, for the Russian
mint in that city. From the 15th to the 21st instant the
exports of gold coin amounted to 2030 oz., and of bars
642 oz. Os silver, the export in coin hav® been during
the same period, 50,104 oz., and in bars 11,993 oz.
Prorogation of Parliament.
The Queen was to prorogue Parliament in person on
Tuesday, the 271 h day of August. There were reports
in London that the prorogation was to be by commission,
in order that mention might be made of the intended mar
riage of the Queen, but this tepc.rt altheugh stated by
the morning Post, as by authority, proved to be unfound
ed, and her Majesty is yet to enjoy the tole advice of my
Lord Melbourne. Among the bills to which the royal as
sent has been given is that called
The Penny Postage Act.
The following is a summary of this important bill:
Sec. 1. Every letter of a given weight, to be hereafter
determined, one penny ; with a proportionate increase for
greater weight. Parliamentary franking abolished.
Src. 3d. The Lords of the Treasury are authorized to
suspend, n holly or in part, any parliamentary or official
privilege of sending or receiving letters by the post free
; nf postage, and to make any other regulations for the fu
ture exercise cf official franking.
iSVc. 4. Relates to the two-penny post in Londen and
Dublin, and leaves it to the Lords of the Treasury to say
wheiht r they shall be continued, or whether the rates shall
be reduced.
Sec. 5j 6, 7 and 8. Relate to stamp papers.
~src. 9 and 10. Unimportant.
6'cc. 1 I. Authorizes the Lords of the Treasury to make
any r< ductiwii they may consider expedient in the allow
ance to masters-of ves-eks for letters conveyed by them.
Sec. 12. That whenever the word “ letter” is used in
this act, it shall apply equally to newspapers; but not so
as to deprive newspapers of any privilege they now pos
>< ss ol passing free of postage.
7'hc Thames Tunnel.
It is now reduced to a ci ttaitily that this great work
«ill be cone>b't< <l, and that too within a very short peri.d.
Mt. Brunel has notified the Lord Mayor that the vuik is
i » ompleled to w ithin five feet on the Middlesex side.
The. Great lUcrfcrw anti iiritish Q,ueen.
Thrse admirable packets, whichstiled from New York
’ nil the Ist ot Angus!, art in tl at their put ts of destination
j j tier av ry short passtig ■. The Great Western arrived
,i Bristol, alter a passage of 12 days 11 hours; the
Queen at Pourtsmouth in 13 days 14 hours—being about
one day in favor of the Western.
The British Queen was at Blackwall, about foi:r miles
below London Bridge, when the Western sailed. She
was undergoing some little change in her interior arrange
ments. Site had a large number of passengers engaged,
an ! will ptobably come out full.
Strain Packets to the li es/ Indies.
It is already known that steam ships are building to run
twice a month between England and Halifax. It has been
officially announced that the government intend to have
' steam communication with all the West India Islands.
On this subject, interesting to our mercantile interest,
: the Standard holds the tollowing language:—
“ This extensive and well combined operation embra
ecs evt ry colony, British and fore ign, and'the coast of
Atm rtca from Surinam to New Orleans, at the same time
furnishing all the se countries with a connected line of
picket for coriespondence and passengers with each other,
and with New Yotk and Halifax, as well as with Europe,
by the direct line from this country Io and from the West
Indies. The Course of post with the West Indies from
I London to London again w ill be 58 days, with abundance
i of time at every place, from 3 days, to 15 days, as may
I be (Jamaica will have 10 days) to reply to letters, and
I besides their ordinary course of post as just mentioned.
Bat badoes, Grenada, St. Thomas, and Porto Rico, and
also a portion of Hayti will be able to communicate, with
London in 43 days.”
“ We hear also that it is contemplated to connect with
this plan a line of sailing packets from Panama to Syd
ney, by which the cotuse ol post between that place and
London might be brought to about five months.”
THE CHARTISTS.
Most of the leaders of the Chartists have been tried
and found guilty, and sentenced to imprisonment from one
to two yeats, leaving the party without a head to direct
■ their movements. Although they are still agitating vaii-
■ ons parts of the North of England, it is believed that little
mischief will be done. Those men who were concerned
in the riot at Birmingham, and who were sentenced to
death, have been reprieved, and will be transported. The
chartists in many places are adopting a new and singular
method of annoyance. The assemble at some public
p ace and proceed in a body to the parish church, exclu
ding thereby all pew holders, tec. Frequently they send
to the clergyman a text, and if he preaches from it they
appear to be satisfied with his efforts.
Generally, the < lergyman proceeds with his subject in a
manner not veiy gratifying to the Chartistsand this leads
to tumult. At Sheffield, seventy-two persons were ar
rested ; but two only had been committed for trial. On
the 18th of August they filled the old parish church in
that tow n, and also crowded the church-yard. They had
proclaimed their intention of attending the same place on
Sunday the 25th, and had sent a request to the clergyman
to preach f om sth James, first six verses—“Go to, now,
ye rich men,” &,c.
One of the chief leaders of the Chartists was the Rev.
Mr. Stephens, a dissenting minister. He was recently
tried at Chester, found guilty, and sentenced to eighteen
months’ imprisonment. He conducted his defence, and
made a powerful appeal to the jury.
The Canadas.
The act for making temporary piovision for the govern
ment of Lower Canada received the royal assent on the
17tli of August.
The Ist section provides that the Special Council shall
consist of not less than twenty members, and no business
be done unless eleven be present.
t-i'i lioii 2, repeals the provision of the act of 1 and 2
<d Victo in, ch 9, preventing the making of permanent
laws. All permanent laws to be laid for thirty days be
fore Paili.inient ptevious to being confirmed.
Section 3, repeals the provision of the late act proliib
liieg fixation. No new tax to be levied except for pub
lic woiko amt objects ot municipal government, and such
uaxe<> i <>i t,> | lt . appropriated by government.
Sec. 4. Repeals the provision of lite late act prohibit
ing the abeta i >n nt acts of Parliament, but no law to be
passed aflr< ii| lt r (| ia t, mpotal or spiritual lights of ecclesi
astics in the law of tenure.
• s 'cc. 5. All laws to have a publication in the Gazette
before going into elici t.
I he venerable arch-deacon Slraclian has been conse
crated Bi,bop ol the Protestant Episcopal Church of Up
per Canada. I his prelate will probably return to Amer
ica by the Great Western, in October.
Bishop McDonald, ol the Roman Catholic Church is
in England. lie arrived at Liverpool from Quebec on
the Ist of August.
In the House of Commons, on the 20th of August.
Air. O Connell enquired whether the Secretary for the
Colonies had received any information respecting the proc- I
I imatioii i.f Sir (». Arthur against Orange processions '
having been distegarded in Canada.
Mr. Laboticlierc answered that he had not received
any information farther than that the proclamation had
produced good effect ; and he added, that he could give .
the house the general assurance that Sir G. Arthur would
do all in his power to discourage Orangeism and Orange I
processions, and prevent the irritation of party spirit. ;
’The Hank of Ireland.— Mr. O’Connell has obtained
a triumph over the Chanceller of the Exchequer, by hav
ing driven the latter from his pm pose us renewing the
charter of the Bank of Ireland. It is postponed until the
next session. Meantime a bill will pass allowing the
bank a temporary continuance. It appears to have been
the wish of Mr. Spring Rice to have the charters of the
Banks ot England and Ireland to expire at the same
time—so that all future applications should be at the
same session.
Death, of Mrs. Robinson.
It is with deep regret we have to state that Mrs. Robin
son, the wife of our estimable friend Morris Robinson,
Esq. late cashier of the United States Bank died in Lon-
I don after a very few days illness. ,
Slave Trade. Suppression Bill. I
The Royal assent has been given to the slave trade
suppression bill. A very strong feeling of indignation
prevails in England against the course pursued by Mr.
Trist the U. States consul at Havana, —when the assent
was made k«own to the commons.
“Mr. O’Connell adverted to the newspaper statements
which turned u ut to be correct, of a conspiracy, on the
part of Portugese traffickers in slaves to have poisoned
w ine on the decks of their vessels in case of capture, and
to poison the water, and thus to destroy, by such horrible
means, their captors ; and expressed the hope that our
government would promptly represent the facts to the
Portuguse government, and require redress by the prose
cution oftl'9 conspirators.”
France.
The treaty between France and Mexice has been
ratified.
The Duke and Dutchess of Orleans were travelling
through the south of France, and were everywhere re
ceived with marks of affection.
'1 he fete of Napolean had been celebrated in several
districts by fireworks, alluminations, &c.
United States Bank Agency.
The agency of Mr. Jaudon has ceased in London, and
hereafter the bank will draw on Baring, Brothers &, Co.
Mr. Jaudon will spend a few months on the continent, and
return to the United States in the spring.
Marine of France.
TheFiench government are looking loan increase of
steam vessels for naval pm poses. Their most experienced
commandei ol steam ships, Capt. Sarlat, came out a pas
serger in the Great Western, for the purpose of observing
the machinery ol ibis ship, and also to pursue his investi
gations in the United States. He spent much time in
looking at the engine on bis passage, and we believe we
are correct in say ing that he was surprised at the working
of the machinery during the severe stoim w hich the ship
encountered.
Miscellaneous.
The Hon. Daniel Webster.
This gentleman was in Scotland at the close of August.
Hr w;is io l<e present at the tournament. He has been
received with marked attention wherever he has visited.
In Holland, the papers all speak in high commendation
ot the American statesman—republishing some of his
speeches in the Senate.
The intelligence fiom Chinn, of the forcible detention
of the superintendent and the foreign merchants, is con
fit med. The superintendant issued an official notice Io
the mtrehants, requiring them to g ve up all the opium in
their possession, and declaring his government respon
sible for its value—which was csti.i.ated at two millioi s
sterling.
It is understood that the public will not suffer from the
stoppage of the Phoenix Bank of Liverpool. The loss to
the stockholders w ill be some £IOO.OOO.
London Money Market, Aug. 23.
Twelve C’Cluck.—Consols, which closed yesterday
at for money, and for the account opened this
morning at 91 ?3, but are now 91 | §, and money
9ig g.
: Half-fast 1 O’Cl-ick.—Consols receded in the course
| of the morning to 91 J § for the account ; they w<oe
j —present 91 ; Exchequer bill, 20, 21, 16 19 pm.
J ll'r O’Cli.ck.—Consols closed at
State of Trade.
Manchester.—The rates obtained for the power
loom cloth on Tuesday, have not since that dav been
maintained, especially where the parties have been forced
to sell; and though the decline has not exceeded 14 d
per piece on goods worth 6s 6d 7s, still any decline is
surprising, as well as discouraging, considering how
greatly the production has been curtailed. The same re
mark apply to twist. There is, however, one redeeming
quality to notice, that considerably more business has
been doing.
Huddersfield.—There was an average attendance
of buyers at market on Tuesday; and though things can
not De called brisk, still the demand for the farming dis
tricts was very good, and late prices were readily paid.
The fancy trade is not so brisk ; but as the stocks are
small, a diminished demand is not at present felt.
Leeds.—The demand for goods is mainly confined to
the home market, of which the sales have been consider
able but at rates by no means satisfactory to the manufac
turers. Our export merchants are showing more signs
of life than of late, but from what we can hear this is not
likely to be of long continuance.
Commercial Intelligence.
American Stock, Aug. 22—Alabama sterling fives,
85 ; do. for 1860, 80; Arkansas, 65; Louisiana sixes,
102; Massachusetts fives, for 1868, 102 a 3; Mississippi
fives, for 1861, 71, 88J; New York fives, for 1855, 91 ;
Pennsylvania, fives, for 1864, 88; United States Bank,
£22, 10 a 15; Florida, 92; Camden & Amboy Rail
Road, 101; New York Life Trust 40; Philadelphia &•
Reading Railway, £lO,lO ; do. Bonds, 85 ; Hamburg and
Lancaster, 90 a 91; Richmond Rail Road Bonds, 99;
Wasington and Raleigh Rail Road Bonds, £B3, 6s. Bd.
From the New- York Farmer.
CULTIVATION OF WATER-MELONS.
Extract of a Leiter from a Member of Congress to
his friend at Lansinglntrgh, dated Washington,
March 5, 1832.
I send you a few water-melons and cantelope
seed taken front melons raised last year in my gar
den, from seeds from Italy. If there were more of
them, I should ask you to divide with Mr. Buel of
Albany. I will take the liberty of suggesting my
mode of planting, recommending it to you to try the
experiment upon two or three hills—only as your soil
may require a different course. My soil is alluvial,
(on the bank of Connecticut river.) Dig the holes
for the hills, fifteen inches deep and two feet across
—fill it four inches with the cleanings of the garden
and straw or long manure from the barn yard, and
pound it down solid—fill the remainder of the hole with
i ieh soil, covering the top with an inch of fine com
post, or sheep manure, mixing in, say a peck of sand
with the soil— again covering the compost or ma
nure with, one half an inch of soil—on this plant the
seed by slicking them down—then cover the seeds
with an inch of sand. I recommend the sand cover
ing as a considerable preventive against the mischief
of yellow bugs.—(2 plan's to a bill.)
I am not certain that hoeing is of any use, after
this mode of plaining. I therefore, recommend to
have one hill not hoed, or the sand moved. I have
not usually had the sand disturbed until after the yel
low bugs have principally gone. The sand should
be kept moist until after the seedshave come up. The
principle on which sand prevents injury from the bug
is, that the iclkction of heat from the sand to the’
under side of the leaf, hardens it early, and renders it
unfit (or food—in proof I mention the following. In
a square of twenty-five hills, the centre row, both
ways, was left without sand, and the square was left
to the mercy of the bugs. The result was, that every
plant without sand was destroyed, while a sufficient
number was left in the other hills for growth, (though
many were injured.)
STATE RIGHTS AND UNITED STATES RIGHTS?
THE THUE ISSUE.
Shall ours be a GOTERNMEST Ob' THE RANKS
oraGOKERNMENI’ Ob' THE PEOPLE! Shall we
have, a CONSTITUTIONAL TREASURY, or an UN
CONSTITUTIONAL NATIONAL RANK! Shall we
have a CONSTITUTIONAL CI RRENCY of gold and
silver or one of IRREDEEMABLE PAPER! Shall
we live under the despotism of a M ONI ED A RIST OCR A C Y.
or under the safeguards of a FREE CONSTITUTION !
[Washington Chronicle.
sIIILLEDGE VSLLEi
TUESDAY MORNING, SEPT. 24, 1839.
DEMOCRATIC TICKET.
FOR PRESIDENT,
MARTIN VAA BUREN.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT.
JO II IV FORSYTH.
FOR GOVERNOR,
CHARLES J. MCDONALD.
COL. JOSEPH HENRY LUMPKIN
AND THE RETAIL LAW.—[CONCLUDED.]
Il being assumed by <’. 1. Lumpkin that the Legislature
may constitutionally do any tlii ig and every thing which i»
not expressly foibalUen in the instrument, let us examine fo r
a moment, the consequences of his new f.ingled doctrine, and
we think it will icquire no extraordinary effort to show, that
it would lead to the most absurd and pernicious conc.'u
sions.
Suppose a proposition shot.ld be made to the Legislature
to prohibit the sale of certain aitieles of incichandize which
might be deemed by some gratuitous economist as extrava
gant and superfluous, under the const! uction of Col. L. A
would be strictly Constitutional, because the Constitution has
not expressly forbidden the Legislature to pass such an act;
or should it be proposed to restrict the number of Merchants,
Mechanics. Lawyers. Doctors, &c within a given limit, you
have otdy to turn to the Constitution, and if the thing is not
forbidden, the power may be fairly exercised accoiding to
Col. L.
M e have examined the Constitution perhaps, as attentively
as the gentleman, and have found it to contain very few
express prohibitions - indeed our f.ithcis who framed it, he
I’teved they had done enough when they had clearly expres
sed the powers which might be exercised tinder it.
Should a motion be made in the Legislature, to regulate
the diet and apparel of the people, under Col. Lumpkin's
construction, it would be constitutional to pass such a law,
because the Constitution does not forbid it. Or should thev
go farther, and claim the rtglit to regulate the price of labor
and property, in vain might the people cry out against the
measure. We might multiply eases, but enough is shewn, as
we think, to satisfy every man of common sense and reason,
that the opinion of Col. Lumpkin is based upon a most erro
neous foundation.
If he is right, our Constitution is a mockery. If the Le
gislature can do any th'ng and every thing which is not ex
pressly forHdden by the Constitution, the instrument imposes
no restraint whatever, upon its action, and it might as well
be obliterated so far as it. would afford the slightest protec
tion to the citizen against Legislative usurpation. The oath
of the members, would be as sure a guaranty against the
abuse of power, if Col. Lumpkin's construction is right.
1 he Constitution has clothed the Legis'ature with this gen
eral power, “ Jo make all laws am! ordinances which they
shall deem necessary and proper for the good of the State,
whir'h shall not l>c repugnant to this Constilu'ion and un
der this grant, Col. Lumpkin would make the legislative body
omnipotent.
According to our understanding of the question, the Con
stitution of Georgia was framed for the put pose of securing
to the people, the free and undisturbed exercise of all the
rights and immunities which they enjoyed at the time of its
adoption, and any act of the Legislature which attempts to
infringe those rights, is unconstitutional.
What is the State ? We understood it to mean the people
and no act of the Legislature, at war with their rights, is
Constitutional. Is it Constitutional to abridge.their liberties,
or in the least to diminish those rights which were indisputa
bly their own at the adoption of the Constitution ? Let the
people answer.
Human institutions can never be ma le perfect. There are
imperfections in all governments. but our doctrine is, that if
we err at all, let it be on the side of liberty ; because it is cou
sistent with the principles of freedom, that no more restiaiut
should be imposed upon men by governments, than are in
dispensable to a state of civil society. If it were practicable
for people to enjoy too much liberty, far better would it be,
than to enjoy too little.
A free people should be jealous of restrictions upon their
rights, and bear it couslantiy in mind, that liberty is always
stealing from the aiany to the few—that it is the tendency
of all Governments to accumulate power, and that iu propor
tion as power increases iu their hands, it diminishes in the
hands of the people.
We ask, is there no conservative principle in the State
Governments, to secure the people against the exercise of
unlimited power? If there is not, it is high time that they
should “provide new guards for their future security.”
I he rights reserved to the States, by the federal Constitu
tion, have effectually armed them against the exercise of un
constitutional p iwerby the General Government, and if there
is not some principle in the State Governments, siifllcieut'y
powerful to shield the people from the clanger of oppressive
legislation, it is limo there should be. For ourselves, we be
lieve they are amply protected, if they will stand upon their
rights. As the sovereignty of the State intetposcs a barrie 1 ’
to the usurpation and abuse of power by the United States
Government, so does the soveieignty of the people,farm them
with a sufficient check against a similar course by the State
Governments. If this be not true, ti State Constitution is a
rope of sand.
If the absence of a prohibition is to bo construed int» a
grant of power, then is our State Constitution a fearfnl in
strument, and the sooner the people look to their interests,
the better.
JUDGE DOUGHERTY AND THE UNITED STATES BANK.
1 he mystery which has so long enveloped the opmious of
Judge Dougherty upon the subject of a National Bank, i« at
last dispelled, and no shadow ol doubt can longer exist. He
is a bank man in heart and soul.-
\\ e arrive at his views upon this question, through his ac
credited otgau, the Southern Whig, published at Athens, and
deep in his confidence.
The Whig declares that “He (Judge Dougherty) believe*
that a National Bank is necessary to regulate exchanges, and
control the Slate Hanks, but that it cannot he established uo j
til an alteration is made in the Constitution ”
Then it is settled and conceded, that Judge Dougherty sup,
ports the policy es a National Bank, and believes it indis"
pensable; and so believing, it follows, that he is in favor of
so altering the Constitution as to invest Congress with power
to charter such an institution ; and no man will doubt the
conclusion, who believes him honest; because whatever a
statesman believes to be for the interest of the country, it i*
his duty to support.
Judge Dougherty has been called a Jeffersonian in politic**
It was was a misnomer. Mr. Jefferson was the most invet
erate antagonist of a National Bank—pronounced it not only
impolitic and dangerous, hut unconstitutional, and went fur
ther to declare, that if permitted to exist, it would finally up
set the Government.” Judge Dougherty tan no longer be
permitted to cling to the garments of Mr. Jefferson. He be
lieves a National Bank "is necessary ■" Mr. Jefferson said
it would prove fatal to the Government.
There is no doubt but a project has been in contemplation
to propose such an amendment to the Constitution as would
clearly delegate to Congress the right to incorpoiate Bank*
and could the whigs have succeeded in securing a majority
of the State* and the people, we entertain no doubt that
such a measure would be *hnrtly set on foot. But the result
of the recent elections has brought them to a halt.
Asdemortats and State Eights men. we-will never consent
to grant to the Genet al Government, any additu)H.Hl power.
It has already enough, and perhaps too much—but aMotnonb
we say nay ; and we shall always question the republicanism
of any man, who is willing to place any additional power in
its hand*.
The Judge want* a National Bank to “regulate the cur
rency;” that is to say, to make its own paper the currency
of the whole country, to regulate the price of property every
where, and to become the great speculator in land*, cotton,
and every other species of property, to the exclusion of every
body else. He wauts a National Bank “to control the State
Banks: a very poor compliment indeed to the capacity and
honesty of those interested in the management of the State
Institutions; and argues a total want of confidence on hi*
part, in their ability or disposition to conduct them properly.
He wishes an overseer to watch over, and flog them into their
duty, while we think they are capable of managing their own
affairs without the aid of Uncle Sam’s high sheriff.
The Whig also announces the fact, that Judge Dougherty
is opposed to the Sub-Treasury scheme, and we may of course
set him down as a “pet bank” man : indeed his violent op
position to Col Lawson’s Resolutions, during the last session,
settb d that question.
Now if the people of Georgia want a Governor who be
lieves in the policy of a National Bank, and is willing to
change the Constitution so as to enable Congress to charter
such an institution—and whois in favor of the “pet bank”
system, let them vote for Judge Dougherty.
Judge Dougherty, as we are also informed by the Whir,
prefers Mr. Clay, to Mr. Van Buren, a choice which places
him at once in the whig ranks, and iu opposition to all the
Democratic measures of the present administration.
Let the people look to these things on the first Monday iu
October.
governor’s ELECTION.
From all quarters of the State, we are cheered with ths
prospect of success.
The name of McDonald is received with enthusiasm by his
friends, who are preparing to make a long pull—a strong puli
—and a pull all together, on the first Moudey in next rnsnth.
The ground upon which be stands before the people, re
commends him with peculiar force at the present crisis. The
whigs are making their last struggle to overthrow the prin
ciples of the Republican party, and to bring into power, the
friends of the Bank, the Tariff’, and Internal Improvements
while the democrats are exertiing themselves t.r put down
and forever those latitudinarian doctrines which have been
so uniformly condemned by Jefferson, Madison, and their
Republican associates.
The great question of an independent Treasury, is one iu
which the country is deeply interested, and the success of
which, will do more to regulate the currency as it should be
regulated, and to keep it uniform and healthy, than a thou
sand Banks. Judge McDonald suppoits the measure— Judge
Dougherty opposes it, and is consequently a Bank man
When the Resolutions offered in the Semite last year, by
Col. Lawson, of Burke, were under discussion, no man up
posed them with more violence than Judge Doughertv. He
went the whole amount for the Pel Bank system,’and there
by keeping up a connexion which had already proved most
disastious to the country.
Judge Dougherty moreover prefers Mr. Clay to Mr. Van
Buren, and it is not to be wondered at, when the leading pre* a
on his side of the question declares, that “ Mr. Clay ba* ma
ny and warm friends in Georgia.”
In view of all these things, let us be up and doing. Lei
every man feel that he has a duty to perform, and he upon bi*
post. Let no democrat be found at home on the day of elec
tion—and all turn out on the day, the Ballot-Box will tell a
tale which shall make modern whiggery tremble.
We know they will do it. The sea-coast will be firm— the
middle country will do its duty, and the great west mill com
down upon the enemy like an avalanche.
VERMONT ELECTION.
The \\ hig-aholition federalists, of Vermont, have scarcely
made enough, in the late elections, iu that State, to get up *
shout of victory.
The progress of sound principles can no longer be staid
by the violence or cunning devices of the Whigs. The
eyes of the people are opened, and the elements of democra
cy are concentrating themselves fora shock, which will scat
ter the piebald combination to atoms, in 1840.
The elections w hich have taken pl ice since August, fur
nish the happiest evidence of the growing eoiifideuce of th*
people, in the leading measuresof the present administration*
The Independent Tteasury and a National Bank hav*
been the leading points upon which the battle has been'
fought, and what is the result?—ln Tennessee, a popular
gain of twenty two thousand. In Indiana, ditto, of thirty
thousand. Iu North Car dina,of at least ten thousand.— l*
Maine, Vermont, and Rhode Island, of about ten thousand
more, making an increase in those States, to the cause of
the Administration of seventy odd thousand votes.
Thus it is manifest, that Mr. Van Buren's Admiuistration
is increasing in popularity with the people, at a rate almost
unexampled in out history; and if there is a man, in th*
Union, of ordinary intelligence, who doubts his re-election
we should call him a pretty fair candidate for a Lunati*
Asylum.
“ The Campbells art earning.''ll!