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THE CONSTITUTION BUILDING
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
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When Ho Women Get Old?
RELIGIOUS institution in Philadel
phia has been the means of reviving 1
a moth-eaten controversy, and light
ening up the blistering “silly sea
son” in truly refreshing style. The
management is reported to have
drawn the dead-line of youth at 35
years of age. When a woman has
reached that milestone, she is con
sidered as no longer “young,” and
will be requested to “skidoo,” “bun-
kidoodle,” “beat it,” “vamoose,
“light a rag,” “shake a bush,” and
various other choice selections from
the Great American Vocabulary of
Slang which—being compressed into understand
able English—means to seek other headquarters.
It is a tremendous responsibility that these parties
are placing on themselves. It is singularly fortu
nate that they are women,, since it is certain that
no crawling worm of masculinity could be bribed,
forced, cajoled or hypnotized into the role of arbi
ter in this most maddening issue. We can easily
imagine some of our trousered friends holding up
a weather-beaten set of skirts at the end of a gat-
ling gun, inspecting her teeth, examining her
wrinkles under a high-power microscope, getting
down to the real cuticle beneath a coating of art
fully applied cosmetics, putting those questions
which embarrass when they do not enrage the lady
of “uncertain” age—and employing divers other
tests to determine whether or not she had reached
the limit when she should be shot forth from the
doors of her cosy home.
But just WHEN does a woman become OLD,
in the sense we usually use that term? It is an ap
palling question to ask and to ansyer. There is
the proverb which declares a woman as old as she
looks and a man as old as he feels. Within our own
observation, it is a first-claSs, self-acting, putty
faced. atrocious pnevaricatiou, founded only on the
eternal conceit of man and the eternal martyrdom
of SOME women. There is evidence in the experi
ence of all people to refute such philosophy. But
there is nothing to be gained by disputing a cyni
cism which has become imbedded in public usage.
A woman becomes old, it seem to us, when she
allows herself to drift in that direction. She be
comes old when she neglects her health, slaves
away her vitality on housework with no. out-door
recreation, forms the pernicious habit of going to
excess in the drinking of coffee and tea, overeats
(and although the suggestion is not poetic, that is
the weakness of a great many women), and permits
her mind to grow so absorbed in the worries of
other people as to well night make them her own.
She becomes old when she, by indolence, indif
ference or through choice, refuses to admit outside
interests into her life, living constantly in a petty ir
ritating, fruitless round such as would sap the
virility from any individual. She becomes old
when, having reached mature years, she attempts
to appear kittenish, aping the airs of girls in their
teens, indulging in^frivolities admirable only on the
threshold of young womanhood. She becomes old
when she admits to her heart the emotions of jeal
ousy, envy, anger, and malice. She becomes old
when she gives herself over to scheming, to decep
tion, to the harboring of plots in which self-inter
est plays the predominating role.
All of these influences, the psychic as well as
the physical, act as the busy little chisels of Old
Father Time, striking wrinkles into the faces of
women, and chipping away the youthful blitheness
from their hearts. . They make of the women, of
twenty-five, a creature who appears forty. The
qualities of self-control, of endurance, of observing
the rules of hygiene and commonsense may keep
their corroding teeth at bay, and cause the women
of forty to appear twenty-five or even younger.
Some women grow prematuerly old by a life of
self-sacrifice, of absolute relinquishment of their
own ease and pleasure and privileges and opportu
nities that those they love may profit in mind, body
and spirit. With these women gray hairs are a
crown of glory, more beautiful and carrying a
larger meaning than the laurel of the ancient con
querors.
At the last, it is a cruel subject—this. Woman
is the one thing in creation we do not like to con
sider as the victim of the cynical sacrilegious touch
of time.
The Folly of “Moods 99
T
EMPERAMENT has a great deal to
do with success. It is the quality
which mot only governs many of our
inner thoughts and motives, but
through which we express ourselves
to the exterior world. An equable
temperament is to be desired above
luck or great riches, since it not only
assures us that plans carefully laid
in the past will not be upset through
any self-caprice or indifference when
the time comes for their fulfillment,
but that we will be kept in an even,
stable relation to men and women
with whom we are every day
brought in contact. On the other hand, if we are
moody one day, optimistic the next; energetic dur
ing one hour and sluggish a few hence; courteous
and cheerful toward one man, snappish and over
bearing toward another—we may expect to give
ourselves quite an amount of unnecessary trouble
and inflict many wounds where we should have
extended a helping hand.
Very few of us there are who do not know one
or more members from this type. One day a
friend will meet us with a broad smile and cheerful
slap on the back; when we encounter this same
party again often his face is pulled into a scowl
which resembles a stormy day in midwinter, his
manners are abrupt and repulsive, and his sen
tences, if any, snappish and expressive of a desire
to be left entirely to himself. We also know the
man who is cordial and condescending one day,
and the next so haughty and top-loftical that we
are hardly sure of his identity. His twin brother
is the friend who tells you one day what a really
clever fellow you are .and the next time he meets
you is just as liable to label you in a manner more ]
picturesque than gratifying.
We are too often wont to excuse these little
eccentricities on the plea that the offender may
have “gotten out on the wrong side of bed” that
morning, or that his unpleasantness is the result
of a trifling physical derangement, perhaps of a
temporary nature. It is a question, however,
whether we are not doing the man himself an in
justice in thus excusing what hardly amounts to
more than a foible at first sight. Granted that the
first proposition is correct, and that the disagree
able attitude of our friend is only the result of
some misplacing of the system’s intricate nervous
arrangement, we are pampering a deplorable lack
of self-controll, and encouraging others to whine
and vent their spleen on the nearest convenient ob
ject. Whether this will conduce to our own or
others’ happiness is a matter for grave doubt.
We have always been of the opinion that the
“sometimey” man either held an exaggerated esti
mate of his own importance to the general scheme,
or lacked the ability to combat small obstacles. If
you have a tinge of this complaint, you may satisfy
yourself that it does mot render you. very popular
with your friends, and if an applicant for the
world’s favors, that you are imposing a serious
handicap upon yourself.
Boston Bold.
“Polly want -a cracker?*’
The bird cocked his head meditatively.
“If you refer to one of those villain
ous detonations -wrapped in red paper
ar.d associated .inevitably with a .wanton
youth,” toe replied. “I am forced to an
swer your courteous inquiry with a de
cided negative.”—Philadelphia. Ledger.
The Retort Chuaxshly.
“Judging from Miss Thumper! on'a
treatment of the organ.” sarcastically
remarked the choirmaster, who objected
to the new organist engaged by the reo-
6or, "you prefer to buy your music by
■the pound.”
"Well,” replied the rector, quietly, "it
isn’t always supplied by the choir.”—
The Catholic Standard and Times.
Essential Knowledge.
"What is the most important thing
about handling a sailboat?”
The old salt looked the novice over
thoughtfully and then replied, "Know-
Ins how to swim.”—Washington Star.
The Shirtt of Nlessus.
“Try the H Improved shirt and
you'll stick to it.”
This is bad news for the hot weather.
—.Comic Paper.
A Dumas Story.
In connection with 'the recent com
memoration of Alexander Dumas his’
birth, one of his admirers 'has Just pub
lished a selection of witty remarks which
the author of “Da Dame aux Camellas”
is said to have made. One of his jokes,
which has the advantage of being true,
is not among the collection. It is worth
relating. One day Dumas was enter
tained 'by a pompous parvenu, who took
'him over his country house. In the
center of ttoe .park was a tiny pond,
which the owner proudly called “the
lake.” “Last month a man called on
me,” the host remarked in an important
voice, “and was drowned In that lake.”
“That man was a flatterer,” replied Du
mas.—Bystander.
Diamond Cut Diamond.
Question for debating societies: When
life insurance agent tackles a 'book
canvasser, will the canvasser get his life
insured, or will he sell a book?—Somer
ville Journal.
Pood.
“But food value. Has your compound
a food value?”
“'Certainly. Don't I tell you it can be
cooked in less than one minute and eaten
in less than another?'.Exchange.
August
A day of torpor in the sullen heat
Of summer’s passion; in the sluggish stream
The panting cattle lave their lazy feet,
With drowsy eyes, and dream.
Upon, the gleaming harvest field remote
The thresher lies deserted, like some old
Dismantled galleon that hangs afloat
Upon a sea of gold.
The yearning cry of some bewildered bird
Above an empty nest, and truant boys
Along the river's shady margin heard—
A harmony of noise—
A melody of wrangling voices blent
With liquid laughter, and with rippling calls
Of piping lips a/ml trifling echoes sent
To mimjc waterfalls.
The dusty highways, like a cloud of dawn,
Trails o’er the hillside, and the passerby,
A tired ghost in misty shroud, toils on
His journey to the sky.
And down across the valley’s drooping sweep,
Withdrawn to farthest limit of the glade,
The forest stands in silence, drinking deep
Its purple wine of shade.
The gossamer floats up on phantom wing;
The sailor vision voyages the skies
And carries into chaos everything
That freights the weary eyes.
Till, throbbing on and on, the pulse of heat
Increases—reaches—passes fever’s height.
And Day sinks into slumber, cool and sweet,
Within the arms of Night.
—JAMES WHITCOMB RILEY.
Leaves from an Oldt »Scrap BooK
Chari varia.
In consequence of medical strictures a
new form of stocking suspender for
children is about to be placed on the
market. After being fastened to the
stocking, it passes twice round the waist,
onco over the shoulders, once round
each arm, _ twice around the neck, and
once over the head, and the strain is
thus fairly distributed.
We fancy that after what has hap
pened to a Mr. Kraus, of Budapest,
thefts of crocodiles will become less com
mon. Mr. Kraus broke into a circus
at night time to steal a crocodile, but
when, in consequence of Mr. Kraus’
squeals, assistance came, it was found
that the crocodile was stealing Mr.
Kraus.
Motorists are still expressing their In
dignation at a recent disgraceful inci
dent when one of their number, because
lie could not pay a fine at once, was
taken to prison and forced to don ugly
convict garb in the place of his becom
ing goggles and motor coat.
Few of us achieve our ambitions. Dur
ing his recent visit to Kiel, the kaiser
several times conducted the special or
chestra on board the Hamburg. At one
time, it will be remembered, he con
ceived the idea of directing the concert
of Europe.—'London Punch.
The Flight, Capture and Imprison
ment of Jefferson Davis
IN THREE PARTS—PART I,
By HELEN HARCOURT.
Written for The SUNNY SOUTH.
By A GEORGIA COLONEL.
T WAS thought at one time
that the confederacy
would receive substantial
help from the Choctaw In
dians, a lazy, worthless
tribe that infests the Mis
sissippi valley on IPearl
river.
I find the following
about the Choctaws in the
old war scrapbook:
“A gentleman from
northern Texas, says Tho
Mobile Register, has Just
left with us the annexed resolutions re
cently adopted by the Choctaw council.
We publish it with much pleasure, as no
people have shown more devotion to the
southern cause than the Choctaws.
“It seems, from his statement, that ru
mors were afloat to the effect that some
few of that 'people were talking about
the propriety of the nation assuming the
•position of neutrality in the present war.
The commissioner of Indian affairs. Colo
nel 8. 8. Scott, hearing the report, pro
ceeded at once to the Armstrong acade
my, the capital of the country, where
the council was at the time in session,
and made them a speech. If any dis
satisfaction really existed In the nation.
It was entirely removed by his state
ments to them. In regard to the matter
of neutrality, the resolution in question,
which had been passed (previous - to the
arrival of the commissioner, shows that
even allusions to suoh a subject by one
*f the nation are denounced by the coun-
*— «.s tra-tarmiB.
'Be it resolved by the genera! council
of the Choctaw nation assembled, That
any person speaking sentiments of a
character tending in anywise to desiroy
tr,^ eiSifidence of th« Choctaw people Is
foe ability of the confederate states to
sustain themselves In the present strug
gle, and advising the people of this na
tion to take any steps tending in any
manner to induce the (people to occupy
a position of neutrality ,or withdraw
their united support from the confeder
ate states shall be deemed and considered
an enemy to his country and Interest,
and deserving tho death of a traitor,’
eta.”
TOMB OF JOSEPH DAVIS.
Thare was much affection felt for the
young eon of President Jefferson Davie,
who was accidentally killed. I find the
following in the scrapbook about erect
ing a monument to the boy's memory:
A handsome monument has been erect
ed over the grave of Joseph Davis, the
son of President Davis, accidentally kill
ed during the war by falling from the
porch of his father's residence. The
monument Is chasto and elegant In de
sign, and was elaborately decked on yes
terday with rare and beautiful ilowers
and evergreens. It bears the following
inscription:
JOSEPH,
Son of our beloved President,
JEFFERSON DAVIS,
Erected by the little boys and girls of the
SOUTHERN CAPITAL.
The feeling that prompted this tribute
of affectionate regard will be appreciated
by every generous mind. He who would
with tender care have guarded zealously
the spot where lie the remains of his
darling child. Is a primmer, suffering the
penalty of the action of his people. To
every magnanimous man, fhe solitary
prisoner, pacing with weary steps the
narrow casemate in Fortress Monroe, or
feebly walking across the enclosure of
Ills prison, will be a greater object of
sympathy and reverence than when three
millions of men were guided and directed
by his loftey will. To him. In ht s dreary
incarceration, it will be a consolation be
yond all price to know that he is loved
and remembered by those whom he still
represents, and It will bring a thrill of
pleasure to his aciiing heart, and to that
of the noble partner or his Joys and sor
rows, to know that the people of Vir
ginia have taken under their protection
the last resting place of their son, whose
voice is now pleading before the throne
of God for that mercy to his earthly fa
ther which vindictive, fanatical men are
not willing to bestow.—Richmond Dis
patch.
CAPTURE OF MOBILE.
The following telegram appeared in
several of the war paper*:
“New Orleans, April 10, via Cairo,
April 16. 1865.
“The Times publishes an official dis
patch of the capture of Spanish fort, and
of the town of Blakely.
‘The former was captured at 10:30 on
the morning of the 0th, with 700 pris
oners.
“The latter wm captured on the same
day by assault, with over 5,000 prisoners
and a large amount of ordnance stores.
“Our gunboats and troops were pro
ceeding unresisted toward Mobile, which
place was captured last evening by a
portion of General Smith’s command, as
sisted by the light draught gunboats,
after a short resistance by the enemy.
NEW ORLEANS MARKETS.
“The cotton market Is very unsettled
under the recent news. There is some
inquiry at a heavy reduction in prices.
Middling Is selling at 30c. Sugar and
holasses, retail sales cannot toe made at
greatly reduced prices. Flour, sales of
fair extra at SI0.25. Freights to New
York—mail steamers are taking cotton at
2@2%c. per pound, sailing vessels to New
York and Boston are taking flour at 50c.
per barrel.”
GALLANT COLONEL CAPERS.
The following) appeared in the Rich
mond Enquirer in 1864:
“The following note was brought to the
Stuart hospital by a lady from the bed
side of the author. It contains so much
manly sentiment and true sympathy that
we presume upon the liberty of publish
ing it for the benefit of the wounded of
the gallant 'colonel's command who may
be located elsewhere. The effect of such
evidence of regard from commanding of
ficers can toe better imagined than de
scribed:
‘My Brave Men: I am grieved to
learn that so many of you are among tlM
wounded. It speaks well for gallantry.
Keep your manly courage, and you'll
soon again rejoin your comrades around
our glorious old battle flag.
My wounds are not dangerous.
Thank God, I shall yet lead my gallant
men against the enemy of our common
country. With such ministering angels
as the ladles of Richmond to minister
! to your wants, you must discover lhat
the wound of a musket ball but intensi
fies the ardor of your patriotism.
“ ‘Your affectionately attached colonel,
“ ‘H. D. CAPERS.’ ”
A HERO AND PATRIOT.
The following was published In The
Chattanooga Rebel under the headline
"Example of a Hero and Patriot:”
‘ General Lee has set a truly patriot'c
example to those officers who avail
themselves of hardships in the army to
Continued on fourth Page.
Traits of Well-Known Authors.
(A la the literary magazines.)
Edith Wharton always likes to see her
novels, when published serially, appear
in consecutive numbers. There is noth
ing distresses Mrs. Wharton so much as
to have an installment crowded out by
advertising.
Jack London usually cashes or depos
its all checks lie receives from Ills pub
lishers. Mr. London has no sympathy
with the custom of framing checks for
the adornment of cozy corners.
\ peculiarity oif William Dean Howells
is that he persistently avoids the use
of more than one climax to a chapter.
Mr. Howell rigidly adheres to this rule
even when writing essays.
When Hall Caine is engaged in writ
ing a novel he always works either In
the morning, afternoon or at night. Mr.
Caine says lie can do his best work only
at these times.
Mr. Booth Tarkington is sojourning In
Italy at present. We understand that
Mr. Tarkington's next novel will be a
piece of fiction.
An odd but interesting fad of Kath
erine Cecil Thurston’s is her fancy for
seeing her latest novels among the six
best sellers.—Puck.
Room for On© More.
A visiting bishop in Washington was
arguing with a gentleman friend of his
on the desirability of attendng church.
At last he iput the queston squarely:
“What Is your personal reason foT not
attending?”
The gentleman smiled in a non-of-
'fenslve intended way. as he replied:
"The fact is one finds so many hypo
crites there.”
Returning the smile, the bishop said:
"Don’t let that keep you away; there
is always room for one more." Ex
change.
As She Is Spoke in Halma.
T. Spilde Is a doing some fine work on
his houee this week; he will have the
best looking house in town when he gits
finished,
We hear that the Halma nine is a
going down to play the Deer nine: Now
boys you must do better than you did
at Bronson the other day: Just give
them a good hot game and beet them In
good shape for once.
Olllver Folland is kept busy these
days a sitting up cream eepraters. If
you would like to have one of the best
cream Seprators that money can buy.
Then you will do well to call on Oliver
Foliand, Halma, iMJnn.
The People here come out In large
crouds to attend church for we have a
Preacher that comes a mong us with
a smiling face and kind words to all
who he speaks to and he also preaches
good surmens for us.—Halma (Minn.)
Pilot.
Tco _ Mild.
Stella—Isn’t that Mr. Bachelor kind
and gentle?
Bella—That’s Just the trouble: he
otando without hitching.—Brooklyn Life.
EW men have been more
noted, and more critielzei
and misjudged than was
Jefferson Davis, from the
moment that he became
president of the confeder
ate states. Many years has
it taken to erase from the
minds of our now forever
united country, the tense
feelings of the so-called
“sectional’’ intolerance,
and personal hatred that
were aroused during that
terrible period of onr nation's history
embraced in the stirring events of the
years from I860 to 1865. But, thank
God, those turbulent times that tried
men’s souls, are done with long ago.
“Let the dead past bury Its dead,” and
let the living present view with honest,
dispassionato eyes, the deeds and beliefs
of the many heroes who fought for their
■principles on botli sides of that most
inappropriately named “civil war,” for
in truth, it was a very (uncivil war in
deed.
First and foremost among the promi
nent men of the south at that time, as
to the rank conferred upon him by his
fellow citizens, stood Jefferson Davis,
the first and the last president of the
Confederate States of America. But
revered as his memory still is to day
by tlie thousands of survivors who per
sonally love him, there are other thou
sands of tiie later generation who are
“groping in the darkness” as to the
true inwardness of the events that
closed the public career of the president
of the “lost cause.” From some of these
among our subscribers comes the request
that we take a backward glance at the
stirring incidents that attended the fall
of the confederate government, and the
flight, capture and imprisonment of Us
chief executive.
LEAVING RICHMOND.
First of all, let us note the events that
led to the necessity of abandoning Rich
mond. the. capital of the confederacy.
When General Grant began hts campaign
of 1864, it was with the set ,purpose of
capturing Richmond. Keeping this ob
ject ever in view, he crossed the Rapidan
with a large army, fighting battle after
battle between that river and the James.
Finally he attacked Petersburg, toeseig-
ing it, and presently captured it. The
totvn was not so Important in itself .but
rather as being on the line of communi
cation with the other southern cities,
and because it offered another approach
to the quarry, Richmond. It had not
been an easy task, this advance and
final selge of Petersburg. Every foot
of the way had been hardly disputed.
Months had been occupied before the
end of the struggle came in sight. But
at last General Robert E. Lee, shut up in
Petersburg, was compelled to abandon
hope of further successful resistance.
The evacuation of Petersburg was in
evitable, and so he informed President
Davis, in a conferenee held in the early
part of March. It Is only a question of
short time," he said. This meant of
necessity, that Richmond also must fall
into the hands of the federais. The loss
of the capital would be the more severe,
as the workshops and foundry located
there, had been the chief reliance of the
confederate states for the making and
repair of ammunition and arms in all
lines of the service. The only silver
lining to this cloud lay in the fact that
the Richmond foundry and workshops
were not quite as important as they had
been, since some smaller establishments
of the same kind had been erected at
Selma ,Ala., Augusta, Ga., and Fayette
ville, N. C. A large armory had also
toeen established at Macon. Ga.
In this conference between General Lee
and President Davis, it was acknowledged
that Richmond must toe very soon aban
doned. It was arranged bhat the army
was to retire to Danville .and there Join
the troops under General J. E. John
ston. Then the combined forces were
to march /to meet Sherman In North
Carolina, In the hope of defeating hlm
before reinforcements could be sent to
his relief. From this statement it will
toe seen that even now. In the face of
i.'he dark cloud closing down on the con
federacy, hope of ultimate success was
by no means abandoned.
But “the best laid scheme o’ mice and
lyen oft gang aglee,” and this Is just
Johnston to give, battle to Sherman in
North Carolina, he never even reached
his starting point, Danville. A series
of unexpected reverses on the one side,
of successes on the other, of 'the con
tended armies ended in the surrender
of Lee at Arpomafox court house. Be
fore this momentous event occurred, how
ever, the main line of the defenses at
Petersburg being broken, and the confede
rates .driven back to tlieir last entrench
ments in the city itseif. General Lee sent
a telegram to the president at Richmond,
advising the evacuation of the latter city
simultaneously with that of Petersburg.
The latter was to take place that night,
longer delay being impossible if the army
was to escape capture. All that couid
•be done under the circumstances was to
hold the inner lines during the day, while
hasty preparations were making to re
tiro after nightfall.
Lee’s telegram reached Richmond on
the morning of Sunday, April 2. Presi
dent Davis was at service in St. Paul's
church when the message was handed
to him. He rea'd it, waited a few too
roents, so as not to excite 'the congrega
tion toy the appearance of urgent haste,
and then quietly rose and leflt t'lie build
ing. lie hastened to his office,, and ifnence
sent out in all directions the needful
orders for the evacuation of tho city that
night. The most difficult point to meet
■was that of t’he transportation of the
troops guarding the defenses east of the
city, and along the line of the James
river.
THE CAUSE.
All was hurry and confusion. Tihe evac
uation, although, as we have noted, for-
seen, had become necessary much sooner
than either Lee or the president bad
anticipated. General Lee had never for
a moment harbored the thought of a
surrender of his army. He believed that
no conditions could arise which he could
neither retreat nor fight. If forced to re
treat to the Virginia mountains, it was
his avowed belief that he could there
“carry on t'he war for twenty years, if
need he.” Neither had he contemplated
the sad ending of his military career
under the confederacy, when lie sent the
telegram giving notice of the impending
evacuation of Petersburg. Yet, within a
few days thereafter ,the blow had fallen.
Falling of the intended junction with
Gordon's army, which was intercepted by
the enemy, and himself surrounded by
a force of eighty thousand men, there
was nothing left for the great general
tout to surrender. Retreat was impossi
Me, resistance meant only the destruc
tion of thousands of lives entrusted to his
care. And so The offered terms of sur
render were accepted, since they were
'generous terms, suoh as an honorable sol
dier could accept without shame.
Quietly and calmly as the president had
left the dhurch on receipt of Lee’s tele
gram, his action had been noticed, and
several of the leading men of the city
soon followed him to his office. It was
well that they did so, for he needed their
'help. Being Sunday, the offices of the
departments were closed, and their heads
and clerical force had to be hunted up
■from all over the city. Their offices
were thrown open for business and that
too, t/he most hurriedly important that
'had ever been transacted. Some prepara
tions had been made, it is true, for the
coming evacuation, but the necessity had
not toeen anticipated so soon, and much
remained to be done. Mr. Davis and his
staff wore occupied until late in ttoe after
noon in arranging and packing the most
important executive papers. The othej
beads of the government were equally
Z5f>e Busy World
and DUKE NICH
OLAS NICOLAIE-
YITCH, uncle of the
reigning Russian em-
j eror, who was fired
at by soldiers recent
ly at Krasnoye Solo,
Is the real head ef
the Romanoff famiry
rid by his firmness
cf character has
made himself even
r jo re hated by the
revolutionists than ’»
Duke Nicholas the czar himself.
Outside of General Tre.ooff he is prob
ably tho w»>rst hated man In Russia by
l‘ho liberal elements. The czar and him
self are represented as having diai<-
g.-od, within the last few days. ov<?
methods for suppressing the incipient
revolution.
' ‘ 'll AID STRAUSS,
who is provoking
wonder, anger and
s' :-prise by the mau-
i, . r in which he is
training bis orches
tra at Prague for the
jroduction of his
f.jora, “Salome." hag
2 mg been eminent a3
p composer. The
>:>ora is based on
Uscar Wilde's orien
tal drama, and the
Richard Strauss theme by Strauss is
bp-14 to have caused a rupture between
him find tho German emperor. Herr
g-mura bus bean conductor of the Berlin
Royal orchestra for several years. Four
years aso h» was sought by the Met
ropolitan O. era Company of New York
tts the successor of Maurice Grau. but
declined for financial reasons. He has
been a prolific writer of high-class mu-
etc, but a large part of his fame rests
llpoh his interpretation of Mozart and
Wagner. His wife is Pauline de Ahna,
a famous singer.
T7.ABETH, queen of
Roumania, who is
building a city for
the blind at Bucha
nst, is known to tho
Roumanian people ns
“ilieir mother, their
queen and their poet,
the triple-crowned
t oman.’’ As a writer
•f stories and verses
he ha? won world
wide fame under the
pen-name cf “Car-
Queen Elizabeth men Sylva,” and sh
ims toiled unceasingly to hotter the con
dition of her sex in her adopted count! y.
Queen Elizabeth, the daughter oi tea
late Prince Herman of Wied, was born
in Neuweid in 1843, received a thorough
education, and is noted as a linguis
After she was married to Prince Chare s,
now king of Roumania, in 1869, she
speedily won the love of the ; eople. . i.d
during the Russo-Turkish war she ten
derly nursed the wounded soldiers, but
at al! times has been known as an au-
gel of mercy to the poor and sick.
E decree granting
Vaud Gonne Mae-
Sride a judicial sep
aration from her hus
band, Major Mao-
Pride, has been con
firmed in Paris by
the civil tribunal.
Jlrs. MacBride was
awarded custody of
her child, but not an
absolute divorce, on
ground of her
Irish nationality. She
has been known for
the Joan of Arc," bo-
Maud Goune
several years as
cause of her advocacy of the nationalist
cause. She Is of English birth, her
father having been the late Colonel
Gonne, and the oppressions of her people
that she witnessed while in Ireland caus
ed her conversion to extreme radicalism
on the home rule question. Her mai-
riage to Major MacBride, who was con-
V-icuous in the Boer war, took (place In
the spring - f 1902, bnt their domesti
happiness was short lived. The divorce
suit was begun early in 1905, and fiut'
ing the trial the accusation was made
that Mrs. MacBride is subject to hal
lucinations; that she thinks herself the
incarnation of an ancient queen, and that
MacBride was the spiritual representa
tive of an old-time hero otf the Celiio
race.
SECRiE/TS OF THE AIR.
(From The Edinburgh Review.)
Among the most fascinating and
elusive of scientific studies is that of the
movements of our terrestrial atmosphere
Ever since men began to go down to
the sea in ships the needs of the navi
gator must have led him to note for his
own future guidance, and for the benefit
of other adventurers, the general direc
tion of the wind at various seasons in
different seas. Gradually as the world
widened the prevailing winds of the
globe became accurately known and tho
common knowledge systematized, so that
now for probably every part of tho
ocean outside the polar circles there are
official and published records of tho
winds that may be looked for at any sea
son of the year. Then, too, the student
of physical geography has noted how
large a part the prevailing winds of any
region play in determining the climatic
■characteristics of different countries.
In recent years, however, science has
not been content with studying only
what are. after all. movements merely
in the lower strata of the great ocean of
air on the floor of which we live and
move, but has sought to penetrate the
mysteries of the upper air and to find
out its secrets.
Both Rotch and De Bort have devoted
considerable private resources and talents
of no mean order of meteorological re
search, and when, in *.toe summer of 1905,
these two scientists united in a joint expe
dition for t'he exploration of the upper air
currents in the trade wind region of the
north Atlantic, the results of their obser
vations were aaited with great interest.
The trade winds are the most Important
of what may be called the “permanent'*
winds of 'the globe. Thus Tn the north
.Atlantic the northeast trades are in sum
mer found in full force about the Canary
islands, and serve until within l~Z degrees
of the equator. In winter the belt shifts
rather further south, but at. all seasons a
wind from at least 25 degrees north lati
tude for fully 1,0OO miles southward. The
busy in their own departments. Mounted j expedition of Rotch and De Bort appears
messengers galloped through the streets, j to have differed in its methods from that
bearing dispatches to and from .the out- of the prince of Manoca in tfie more
. , , ,, ■ Aral lien “halluns qaimIas ” nrhuth vaoji
•posts and government bureaus.
■what they did in the present instance.
Instead of General Lee's marching wit*
The rattle and rumble of heavy sup.-
ply wagons, of artillery, of the lighter
roll and clatter of hurrying vehicles
of all sorts, laden with household goods,
and their fleeing owners, filled the
streets during the latter hours of the
Sunday that had opened so quietly. For
long before the day had begun to wane
the news had gone forth over the doomed
city that it was at once to be evacuated,
and that in a few more hours it would
be in possession of the federal troops.
The weary chief executive, walking heme
after his official preparations were com
pleted, was assailed with questions as to
its truth. His admission of the unhappy
fact was tempered by the expressed hope
that he and the other members of the
Continued on Fourth Page.
eral use of “ballons sorvles." which rose
'to great heights, and by their line of
drift Indicated the direction of the atmos
pheric current at different altitudes. Kites
also were used, but in the trade wind
region no great height can be reached by
their agency.
The northwesterly current was found t»
be drier and more rapid than the main
northeasterly current and there was al
ways a quick rise of temperature as soon
as the level of the anti-trade was reached.
This phenomenon of “temperature Inver
sion” is one of the most interesting to be
met with in atmospheric exploration. To
give a single example: On one occasion,
with a temperature of 70 defrees Just
above the sea the air, at an elevation of
3,500 feet, was found to haare a tempera
ture as high as 86 degrees Fahrenheit.
For our knowledge of the upper currents
outside the region explored by Rotch and
De Bort we are still chiefly Indebted to
studies of the direction of movement of
the Irrus clouds.