Newspaper Page Text
Weekly Constitutionalist.
JAMES GARDNEE.
From the iV. Y. Journal of Commerce, Sept. 22.
Additional by the North Briton.
The steamship North Briton, from Liverpool
arrive.d at Quebec yesterday morning. She brines
dates to tke Bth inst.
Steamship Northern Light, on the Bth Septem
ber, from Southampton, with four days’ later news
from Europe, arrived here last evening.
The steamship Niagara arrived at Liverpool on
Saturday, 4th September.
Thd%teamship Europa arrived at Liverpool on
Saturday, Sept. 4th.
The screw steamship Great Britain from New
York, arrived at Liverpool on the 7th inst.
from the London Timts, Sept. 6.
The Chinese Indemnity. —A mercantile letter from
Chinagtves particulars of thejlatest reports current
at Hong K-»ng regarding the new treaties. The
English treaty was said to be much more lengthy
than the others, and tins may, perhaps, partly ex
plain the delay in its receipt. The accounts re
ceived .i few days back, from Paris, said that the
indemnity to be paid was one million two thousand
pounds sterling, but failed to mention whether
this was to be shared between the two powers, or
was merely the amount for France. According to
the present communication, while one million two
hundred thousand pounds sterling is to be paid to
Frauce, England is to receive three million two
hundred thousand pounds sterling—a difference
which, should it be confirmed, will have a most
important effect on our future specie move
ments. Moat of the advices seem to agree that
these inde unities are to be paid out of the cus
toms’ duties at Cauton, and there likewise appears
to be a general impression that, although the Em
peror has succumbed to all demands, he will en
deavor to tiod means of evasion, as soon as the
immediate pressure upon hioi shall have been re
moved.
Tue Herald says: It is stated that the treaty be
tween England and France on the one hand, aud
China ou the other, contains fifty-seven articles,
and that the indemnity to be paid England and
France amounts to live hundred million francs.
From the Times.
The Chinese Treaties. —Within the last few hours
we have been put in possession of several private
letters written from the Peiho to persons in Lon
don, and these enable us to understand in more
detail the negotiations that have taken place be
tween the European powers and the Court of
Pekiu.
Our readers were previously informed that on
the 4th of June two Chinese ministers of high rank
baa arrived at Tien sieu. One of these was a Chi
naman, the other a Tartar. The senior, Kwei
liaug, is described to be about seventy-three years
of age, a benevolent, looking old man, not over
bearing in speech or manner, and evidently a
“ Soother of barbarians.” The Tartar is a quiet
Tartar, thoughtful and intelligent, and in the pos
session of a feature unusual in a Chinaman’s face—
a very large nose. One of the letters from which
we quote describes him as not unlike our Oliver
Cromwell. These people declared themselves
upon their cards to be “plenipotentiaries,” and
upon the faith of this declaration the English and
French Ministers consented to meet them. An
isolated joss house on the steppe South of Tien
»iu was t..e appointed rendezvous. It was arrang
ed that Lord Elgin should have liis interview first,
and then Baron Gros; the Russian was to come
third, and tbfe American last. All this took place
according to the programme. On June sth, while
the thermometer in the sun stood at one hundred
and thirty-seven degrees, Lord Elgin and his en
tire suite, with not a few naval officers as specta
tors, and with a guard of one hundred and fifty
marines, p~oceeded in long procession of palan
quins to ihe b» I f c reference. T* c Chinese were
civil t»nd ceremonious, and after tea and compli
ments Kwei-liang opened the Duri/ar by saying
that tiis imperial master hud received Lord Elgin’s
letter, and had, instead of answering it, deputed
bis servants to arrange matters speedily. Lord
Elgin replied that he was glad to see the Imperial
ministers, and that his Queen had granted hint
Certaiu powers to arrange all matters on a safe and
proper footing, lie added that he was prepared
to show Ins credentials publicly if the Imperial
Commissioners would do likewise. The man
darins ass -tiling. Lord Elgin’s powers were
prod .«• d, and a Chinese translation was read
aim Mr Wade. The scene is described to us
to b —: an at ibis moment very interesting. The
minis'. * re eager in their attention, and a
troop of s. cr«-tunes aud clerks who bad been
taking notes in the back-ground pressed forward
to tlitTtable There was evidently more surprise
than pleasure in the effect produced by the a tuple
ter os of the document. It was now Kwei
liaog’s 'urn to show the commission tinder which
be aud hts brother Commissioners were to act.
A piece of vellow cloth was first produced by a
verv intelligent looking young Mandarin called
“iVn,” sub-prefect ot some district in Chi li.
Kwei-uaiig received it most reverentially, held it
above his head for a moment, then opened it, aud
took fr. in it aver y scrubby bit of paper, which he
banded to Mr. Wade. While Mr. Wade read off
in English lie contents of this paper, we are told
the scene was as dramatic as a Chinese sing-song.
Every Mandarin’s eye was silly watching the ex
pression of Lord Elgin’s face, and as that, expres
sion grew more severe as the reading progressed,
exclamations were interjected by Kwi-liang,
“ Such power* aa Lord E»gin possesses are uu
known tu Chiu*;” “Seals are never attached to
commissions in China,” and so on. There was
good re i- n tor Lord Elgin’s grave displeasure,
for the edict ran somewhat as follows: “ Kwei
liang an t liwa-shana, &e., were directed to pro
ceed !■> meet ilie strangers of England and France
and to itiqu re into their purpose in ascending the
Peiho. It hey found them sincerely desirous of
putting mi end to Hie war, the Commissioners were
to grant them their demands, provided such de
mands did not infringe the customs of the Celes
tial Empire,-lie dignity of the Emperor, or the
will of Hi- p-ople; and in the event o. the demands
bein/ ot su :h character, they were to refer them*to
the Emperor or his pleasure to be made known.
When this d cumeut had been read to au end
Lord ELiu arose, and ordered his chair to be
brought, v.tvtng to Kwei-haug, in a curt manner,
that me powers of the Imperial Commissioners
were un>aiisfaetory. The Earl’s chair was hur
ried up, me guard presented arms, the band
played “ God s .ve the Queen,” the staff entered
their i hairs, and the Mandarins were left making
Ape**-lie* to demonstrate that it was quite impossi
ble th i to y could ever receive larger powers than
those 11 iey Pad just opened.
Tints ended the first act of this comedy. The
circu.ii» .tmes.ne worth recounting, for they show
the char.tc *-r of the people with whom we have
todeil; iheir impudence and their duplicity. No
alsehuod is too bold, no subterfuge too transpa
rent for them They ob ain the interview upon
the solemn assurance that they had full powers ;
they Hen . x..tbit a mere commission to receive
-demand-, amt there can he no d>?ubt that they had
behind totier seia of powers increasing in degree
up to any nece.4s.ftiy point. The next act was of a
very similar kind. On the Bth of June it had be
come known iti-it Keying, our old friend of 1842,
who deceived Sir Henry Pottinger into a belief
ilia* he (Keying) entertained a friendship for all
the barbarian race, and a private and personal
frieo lM»*p f r Sir Hearv himself—dt became known
that thiS'Kevmg hud arrived at Tieo-sen. Keying
Lad beeu degraded on account of the treaty ot
Naukin ; be was now gent down to redeem his
credo bv coni- undtng the barbarian councils.
.Poor Kev Di’s tactics were only an imitation of
those win h he had sees succeed for a while at
Canton. He intrigued to get himself appointed a
co-coumin-*jone', and succeeded. He tried through
the Aim nc ns to induce the English toenove the
ships “ever >o little wav” down the river, promis
ing that upon that he should obtain mastery of
the negotiations, and would settle all things. *At
the same time he ordered the populace to manifest
ill will to rue strangers, and as at Canton so at Tien
sm,quiet E iropean- were insulted and stoned. But
Keying was not so fortunate as Hwang, in having a
Stiaut'e- zee to deal with. Lord Elgin and Sir Mi
chael Se% uiour were equal to the occasion. Captain
Shenard Osb«*ni, with his galley’s erew. and with
Captain Detr and Mr. Oiipbanl helping him as vol
tinte- rs. scaled the grea gate of Tien-sen, kicked
the Tartar post before them, aud let in one hundred
mantles who were in march upon the city. This
force marched through the city with a band and fl
couple of howitzers, administering a good fright
to six delinquent householders, who bad en
couraged the mob, and quieted Tieo-aro for the
j res * °f the English occupation. Keying’s indus
try was not confined to this imitation'of the great
\eh and his successor Hwang. Ho eutered into
strict relations with the Americans and the Rus
sians. Some of the letters before us speak confi
dently to the truth of reports current in the expe
dition that the Americans bad offered to guarantee
that if Lord Elgin would not insist on opening
the Yang-tze, aud would give up the demand fora
minister at Pekin, a treaty should be at once ar
ranged. The Russians, on’the contrary, were said
to be doing the utmost to preveut any Europeans
but themselves being tolerated at Pekin ; and the
Americans, who, to do them justice, have not
much secresy in their diplomacy, were loud
in their expressions of a virtuous horror of
the opium trade, and urged the Commission
ers to stick to that as tlieir point of con
flict. Keying was becoming embarrassing. For
tunately, however, Mr. Wade had found among
Yeh’s "papers a report from Keying to his mas
ter, urging him to make no account of the treaty
of Nankin, and describing it as a mere snare to
delude the barbarians. The next move in this
plot and counterplot was to send Mr. Wade and
Mr. Lay to the two ministers to read this docu
ment in their presence, and to declare that Lord
Elgin and Baron Gros could hold no communion
with a man who had officially put forth these dis
graceful counsels. This coup was decisive. The
two Commissioners, who had their own reasons
for hating their new colleague, communicated this
intelligence to Pekin, with the further information
that the confidence of the barbarians in Chinese
Commissioners was now so much shaken that
there was much danger they would soon believe
in nothing but the sign manual of Hien-fung him
self, aflixed in their presence. This opened up
the difficulty of the Kowtow, which is still said to
be so strong a point with the Emperor that he
would rather lose his throne than waive it. We
shall probably see how far this is true. We have
heard these tales of Chinese obstinacy and devo
tion too often now to be much guided by them.
However, the terror was great enough to induce
the Emperor to recall Keying to Pekiu, and to au
thorise his Commissioners to sign a letter promis
ing a treaty in the terms of Lora Elgin’s demands,
and couched in language dictated by Mr. Lay.
This letter forms the next important step in these
negotiations, and marks the term of their progress
when our last news left. It is not now we hope
the mostimportant document ever signed in China,
for its importance has now been superseded by the
treaty, but up to the evening of the 11th of June,
when that letter was written, no such concessions
had ever been dreamed of by a Chinese minister.
Our correspondent’s knowledge of this official
document is necessarily not exact, but we believe
it will be found that the conditions which this let
ter promises as the basis of a treaty are as follows :
First: The residence of a British minister at
Teiu-sein, with access to Court, and direct commu
nication with the ministers. An official yamun for
him during his visits to Pekin. All official docu
ments to be written by him in the English lan
guage (to be accompanied by Chinese translations
until the Court of Pekin has procured interpreters).
An English college similar to that kept up by Rus
sia to be allowed at Pekin.
Second : China to be ppened to all the world;
persons to go whither they please, aud do wliat they
please, under a passport system.
Third: The Yang-tse to be opened to its com
merce trom its mouth to its source.
Fourth : Christianity to be tolerated.
Fifth : Indemnity for the war and losses at Can
ton to be paid for by the two Quangs, the asioUnt
to be agreed on by special commissioners at Can
ton. The tariff to be corrected, the custom house
system reviled, and the English to aid the Chinese
sjppressiou of piracy.
Sixth: in proof of the friendship and good will
of the Emperor of China towurds the Queen of
England, a special embassy shall be sent to Eng
land forthwith.
If we are justified tn our confidence that these
are the terms of the treaty which was signed at
Tten-sen, on the 28th of June, seventeen days af
ter the signature of the letter, Lord Elgiu has ful
filled all our desires, and has surpassed all our
expectations. The terms are familiar to the pub
lic as identical with those the necessity of which
has been so importunately urged in these columns.
So far as diplomacy is concerned, we shall have no
more to say in this matter than to speak words of
thanks and welcome to the man whose sagacity
and unswerving purpose have brought about such
great results. Os course, we know that all these
conditions, though signed and sealed and ratified
with all solemnity, are but points of departure
whence the Court at Pekin will shuffle: but this
is another matter, and lor oilier men. The game
has been brought down; it is for the cooks to pre
pare it for the table.
The Atlantic Cable. —The stoppage of the sig
nals through the Atlantic cable was announced in
the English papers of the fith, in the shape of a
letter from the Secretary of the company. The
letter says that intelligible signals ceased to be re
ceived from Newfoundland at one o’clock on the
morning of the 3d, from some unknown cause.
The Directors and a corps of scientific and practi
cal electricians were at Valencia investigating the
matter, with a view, if possible to remedy the dif
ficulty. The quotations for shares immediately
became quite nominal, the only price named being
four hundred to five hundred, without any opera
tions.
The London Times says that a similar difficulty
is understood to have occurred temporarily a short
time back, and the hope is that the accident is
merely one of those to which the cable must be
liable until the necessary measures shall have
been completed for protecting the portion near
the shore. Some disagreements between the elec
tricians and the Board of Directors have latterly
existed, and these, it may be presumed, tend to
embarrass the general proceeding** Mr. White
house, who styles himself “ Electrician in Chief,
aud one of the four original projectors of the At
lantic telegraph,” writes to the Times that he be
lieves the injury to the cable to be in the home
end, which he had foreseen, and had on one occa
sion repaired. U-* apprehends that there is little
cause tor anxiety, and thinks there is nothing in
the obstructions calculated to damp the most san
guine hopes of ultimate and complete success.
Mr Whitebouse complains of the summary man
ner in which he has been dismissed from the ser
vice of the company. A banquet took place at
Killarnev on the 7th inst., in honor ot the cable.
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland attended. lie
emphatically denied that he absented himself from
the Dublin banquet from sectarian bigotry or per
sonal hostility to the great enterprise. Official
necessity was the sole cause of bis non-attendance.
The toasts included the President of the United
States, Cyrus VV. Field, and Capt. Hudson, the
officers of the Niagara, Ac.
Wrecks. —The Shipping Gazette says : Daring
the mouth of August the number of wrecks re
ported in our columns was one hundred and twelve,
making a total duiing the past eight months of
one thousand and eighty.
The Daily New*, Sept. 0, says: Sir Colin Camp
bell (Lord Clyde): In a letter’received from Lord
Clyde on Friday, the gallant Conitnander-in-Chief,
refers to the hope “that bis swoifl will soon be re
turned into the scabbard for the last time, never to
be drawn again.”
Cardinal Wiseman in Ireland. —The Freeman*s
Journal of Saturday, chronicles at great length
the movements of the Cardinal since bis arrival at
Dundalk. His reception in that town appears to
have been a perfect triumph. The houses and
streets were decorated with flowers, arches and all
the other paraphernalia to be seen on a day of gen
eral jubilee.
Homage to Science. —The Times says: It is stated
that the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland will confer the
honor or knighthood upon Mr. Charles Bright, the
successful projector of the great link between the
i W L d ' i ' A c,jrk states that
. r al? been reee ' Ted bj 'be committee
of the intended banquet to be given at KiUarnev
JESSS T U> the Chairs rff
the Atlantic Telegraph Company, and that the
gnCe tbe fea,iTi, >- wth Lis
Wfd-wtday.Sept. B.—The luiih,
Aeicm city article, of last evening, save • “ The
funds were strengthened to-day by an extraordi
nar> nin the Paris Bourse, coupled with tbe
satisfactory progress of tbe monthly settlement of
console, and that there was a fair demand for mo
ney in commercial channels.”
The Montgomery liquidation is expected to prove
unfavorable.
AUGUSTA, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1858.
From the Columbus Times, Sept. 24.
iteturu of -Ur. Forsyth, Minister to
Mexico.
A good deal of speculation has appeared in the
public press, for the last two months, in relation
to the return of our Mexican Minister to the Uni
ted States, and the causes and circumstances of his
withdrawal from the Mexican Court It has been
sometimes asserted that his recognition of the
Zuloaga government of Mexico, was disapproved
by the President of the United States, and that he
was recalled on that account. It has again been
said that, haying himself suspended his diplomatic
relations with the Mexican authorities, his conduct
had not met the approval of his own government,
aud that he was ordered home, in consequence.
We have it in our power, from an authentic source,
to contradict both statements. The recognition
of the authority and government of Zuloaga, as
President of Mexico, by Mr. Forsyth, was ap
proved by the Administration at Washington,
and that government was recognised by our own
in ail the forms of diplomatic intercourse. Nor
has the conduct of Mr. Forsyth, in pnplstiug
against the forced loan imposed by Zuloaga upon
American citizens resident in Mexico, and the sus
pension of his ministerial functions by him, in con
sequence of the arbitary and tyrannical enforce
ment of that decree, been either condemned, dis
avowed or disapproved by the President of the
United States. On the contrary, Mr. Forsyth’s
conduct has been approved by our Government,
and he has been directed to speak to the Mexican
authorities the determination of the United States
to protect its citizens against the unjust, illegal
and arbitrary exactions of Mexico. In sending a
national vessel to conduct Mr. Forsyth to the
United States, our Government has given a public
manifestation of its regard for the firm and truly
American conduct of our Minister under the criti
cal circumstances in which he was placed. It is
true that many persons, both in the United States
and Mexico, believe and assert that this "approba
tion” and this ship of war are all sham—a clever
piece of diplomatic finesse, to recall an unaccepta
ble Minister without giving him and his friends
offense. Why, they ask, if the United States
Government is really offended with Mexico, and
is determined to take effective measures of redress,
why was not oiir Minister instructed to preseut an
ultimatum and then withdraw, if it failed? Aud
why withdraw its legation from Mexico and yet
permit the Mexican Minister, Gen. Robles, to re
main at Washington ? Why does it not semi him
home at the same time it recalls our own Min
ister?
We confess that there is something mysterious
in the action of our Government in this matter;
nevertheless, we oannot suppose that the Admin
istration has resorted to a trick to get rid of a
minister who, if distasteful to it in any respect,
ought to have been recalled in an open aud man
ly manner. We shall be very slow to believe that
Mr. Buchanan, or Gen. Cass, has lent himself to
an intrigue to make Mr. Forsyth a victim to ihe
malevolence and spite of other parties. We
know that it lias been currently reported, for more
than a year, that certain parties, high in the esti
mation and confidence of the President, have been
moving heaven and earth to obtain the re-call and
disgrace of Mr. Forsyth. They have had, and,
perhaps, yet have important ends to effect in
Mexico, and may not have found our present
minister as pliant to their purposes as was neces
sary or desirable. It was natural that they should
be anxious for a change and the substitution of one
more manageable and favorable to their views. If
these things be so, (for which, however, we do
not vouch—we only give the current rumors of
the dav,) doubtless,' efforts, and it may be repeated
and constant efforts, have been ma-ie to prejudice
Mr. Buchunan against Mr. Forsyth, and induce the
President to remove him and fill the vacancy with
a Minister who may be more compliant to their
will. At present, however, we have no reason to
believe that the President lias been influenced by
any such unworthy motive in re-calling Mr. For
syth. We feel confident that the step taken, whilst
it deprives the United of the services of an üble,
honest aud faithful representative, was deemed
necessary to vindicate the rights and honor and
promote the interests of tbe country.
We are informed, from reliable authority, that
Mr. Forsyth will return to the United States in
October," and that his numerous friends, iu this
city, will have the pleasure of giving him a hearty
welcome in a community of which he was once a
highly esteemed and distinguished member.
From the Baltimore Sun, Sept. 23.
Additional by tlie Niagara.
Halifax, September 22,—The steamer Niagara
arrived here this morning at an early hour, with
Liverpool dates to the 11th.
The steamers City of Washington and Nova Sco
tia arrived out on the 9th inst.
Heavy reinforcements for the Indian army had
sailed.
A convention has been concluded between Eng
land and llrazil for the settlement of the outstand
ing claims of either government.
The ship Ann had arrived from Australia with
nearly two millions dollars value in gold.
The forcible abduction by the Roman inquisition
at Rologne of a Jewish child, under the pretense
that it had been baptised secretly by a nurse, had
created a painful sensation throughout the Jewish
world. The Jews of Londou have taken the mat
ter up.
England . —There is nothing new in regard to the
cable. The directors were to meet on the 11th to
discuss future action, and the shipment of the
shore ends from Plymouth to Valencia was sus
pended.
The London Times says that the condition of the
Atlantic cable is unaltered. Signals continue to
be received, but they were too uncertain and faint
to be intelligible. Continued experiments still in
dicate that the injury is near the Irish coast—pro
bably within three miles.
The Liverpool Post says that the experiments
prove beyond a doubt that the defect arises from
leakage, at a distance of two hundred and forty
miles from land.
Queen Victoria visited Leeds on the 6th, and per
formed the ceremony of opening the town hall in
that city. The Queen had an enthusiastic recep
tion, and the decorations and illuminations were on
a splendid scale.
The Daily News 9 city article says ihe funds were
strengthened on the 7th inst. by an extraordinary
and rapid rise in the Paris Bourse, coupled with
the satisfactory progress of the monthly demand
for money in commercial channels.
The stopage of the house of John Plows Sc Co.,
of London and Rio, with considerable liabilities,
has been announced.
There was a remarkable increase of ease in the
discount market, and it was difficult to obtain any
terms for short loans. Messrs. Archibald, Mont
gomery A Co., Australian merchants, had sus
pended for about sixty thousand pounds sterling.
Gold was flowing into the Bank of England.
The telegraph between England and the Chan
nel Islands had been formally opened.
The ships Abby Langdon and Harriet Frances,
befi re reported ashore, are total wrecks. The for
mer has gone to pieces.
Prance. —The latest accounts from the depart
ments announce a gradual improvement in com
mercial affairs. The Paris flour market was quiet
but firm. Wheat was dull, and buyers demand a
reduction. The French wine and brandy market
bad a drooping tendency.
A telegraph dispatch from Paris reports a dread
ful railway accident on the Heights of St. Ger
mains, killing seven and wounding fifty persons.
Prince Napoleon went to Algiers about the 2oth
of August.
Germany. —The German papers give a rumor
that Queen Victoria will visit Berlin, to be present
at the accoucbment of her daughter.
Jiiusia. —Letters from Warsaw mention that
three ships of war are on their way from St. Peters
burgb to the Gulf of Tartary, in order to join the
squadron on the Amoor river, which has recently
received reinforcements of several vessels.
A lawyer not over young or handsome, examin
in K a young lady witness, determined to perplex
her, as he thought, and said :
" Miss, upon my word, you are very prePy!”
“I would return the compliment if I was not on
oath ! said the young lady.
New Orleavs, SepL 21. —The deaths from yel
low fever, during thirty hours ending yesterday
at noon, numbered one hundred and seven.
from the X. Y Etching Poet.
Pant Morphy iu the Old World.
In the vear 1575 Paoli Boi and Leonardi da Cu
tri, two cltiess players of Italy, went to Madrid to
encounter Ruy Lopez and Xerone, the cliampious
of Spain. Tile Italian strangers were introduced
by ambassadors to the royal Philip 11, in whose
presence the famous chess joust was held. A few
years after the commencement of the seventeenth
centurv, Gtoachina Greco left the sunny regions of
Calabria, crossed the Alps, und begau, in the capi
tals of England and France, a long and splendid
chess career. Still later, in the year 1534, La
Bourdonnais, the Frenchman, passed the English
Channel and boldly defied the chess athletes of
Britain to meet him in the chequered field. But
neither the adventurous spirit of the Italian
knights, nor the zealous ardor of the Calabrian,
uor the boldness of the great Gallic chieftain, can
compare in chivalric daring with the exploits of
our young aud distinguished countryman, Paul
Morphy. They had only to sail overall inland sea
or a narrow channel, or climb a chain of moun
tains, to meet one or two adversaries; he has cross
ed an ocean to encounter a multitude of celebrated
opponents —opponents whose natural talent has
been improved by years of study and practice,
and ripened by the wisdom of manhood. Our
country, whose "chess history begins with Franklin,
lias never been able to boast, hitherto, of any
players who could venture to meet the skillful
practitioners of the Old World. But in Mr. Mor
phy she now possesses a champion who, we are
confident, will everywhere assert, with success, the
chess supremacy of America.
Paul Morphy, as we learn from his biography in
the Chess Monthly, was born at New Orleans, the
22d of June, 1837, and has, consequently, just at
tained his majority. His father was a native of
South Carolina, but of Spanish parentage. Paul
graduated at St. Joseph’s College, near Mobile, in
1854, and bus since been engaged in the study of
the law in his native city, lie is of short stature
and slender form, and possesses the dark hair and
eye of the South. In manner he is eourtcous and
gentlemanly, and in conversation agreeable and
refined. As a chess player he is distinguished above
all living players by the rapidity and depth of his
combinations, by the unering accuracy of his
memory, by his thorough knowledge of the theory
of the game as elaborated in books, by perfect
self-possession, and by his unvarying and studi
ous courtesy to his opponents. In short, ns a dis
tinguished adversary remarked, he is the very
Crichton of chess, as chivalrous as he is bold and
skillful, and we doubt whether the past would be
any more successful than the present, in furnish
ing his superior. The commenced the practice of
chess at the age of eleven, and in a few months
was contending, with uniform success, against the
best players of the Crescent City. He victories
at the National Chess Congress, last fall, are well
known. In June lie left tins country for Europe,
and has since played with many of the foremost
members of the British chess community. His
score at the last accounts, stood as follows:
Keen, (lames.
Barnes 7 M0rphy....19 Drawn 0
Bird 1 “ 10 “ 1
Boden 1 “ .... 5 “ ....8
Hampton 0 “ .... 2 “ ....0
Kipping 0 “ .... 2 “ ....0
Lowe 0 “ .... 0 “ ... .0
Lowenthal 8 “ .... 9 " ....8
Medley 0 “ .... 3 “ ....9
IMougredien... .0 “ .... 2 “ ....0
Owen 1 “ .... 4 " ...,0
Pawn ami Move.
Owen 0 Morphy....s Drawn.... 2
Blindfold —Eight Games at Once.
Opponents.. 1 Morphy..6 Drawn.. 1
Consultation Games.
Staunton » „ Morphy, i 2 Drawn.. 0
Owen... f Barnes.. )
This is exclusive of a host of panics at the odds
of Rook and Knight with inferior players, of which
Mr. Morphy has not yet lost one. The games with
Lowenthal were in a match for five hundred dol
lars. Staunton, whose arrogance and conceit were
strikingly manifest in his comments upon this
match, has since encountered Lowenthal in the
tournament at Birmingham, and failed either to
win or draw a single game. The unfairness and
want of courtesy, and perhaps honesty, which
Staunton has displayed for years towards every
prominent member of the chess world, have left ,
him few friends, even in England, und good judges
are confident that Mr. Morphy could, with ease, give
him the odds of pawn an ’ move. Mr. Morphy left
London for Paris on the 31st of August, to meet ,
the celebrated Hurwitz. He will also play a match
with Anderson, the chess-king of Germany, in
October or November, and will not return to
America until he has successively overthrown all
the magnates of Europe. No American can look
with iudifference upon Paul Morphy’s marvellous
efforts to confer upon his country the fame of su
perior excellence in that ancient, subtle und scien
tific pastime, which kings, statesmen, warriors
and sages have for ages delighted to practice, und
which alone of all games bus received the sanction
of the priesthood of every church—Catholic, Pro
testant, Moslem and Buddhist.
The Cireat Conflagration and Explosion
at ANtrachan*
Concerning the great calamity which has befal
len the flourishing commercial city of Astrachan,
of which the English papers by the last arrival
furnish so meager an account, we find full details
in our German files. According to the Cologne
Gazette, the fire broke out about 10 o’clock on the
evening of the 12th of August, in a warehouse of
cooper’s hoops, on the left hank of the Volga. In
less than fifteen minutes the flames extended to a
neighboring lumber dock, which was totally de
stroyed. Meanwhile a high wind having arisen, by
half past ten another dock and several dwelling
houses were in flames; and the fire rapidly spread
ing, it was found neccessary, in order to arrest its
progress, to tear down the buildings in its course.
This apparently checked the conflagration in the
direction of the wind; hut about three o’clock some
burniug brands were blown upon a lumber loaded
bark lying in the harbor, and in a few minutes the
flames shot up mast high, communicating to other
vessels lying near, and soon a whole fleet of burn
ing vessels parted their anchors and floated down
the Volga, in their course setting fire to others.
After floating some five versts, the burning mass
brought up at in uninhabited island, where some
of the vessels sunk, others burned to the water’s
edge. Near this island, however, two of the ves
sels came in contact with a bark loaded with pow
der, which had arrived the previous evening, and
a tremendous explosion ensued, setting on fire a
large government provision warehouse and a pri
vate lumber depot, which were entirely destroyed.
At ten A. M. on the 13th, several of the burning
vessels left their anchorage and floated towards
the so-called Czar’s Roadstead, where the flarm s
communicated to seventeen government vessels,
loaded with provisions. A bark, with a cargo of
ammunition, and three ships freighted with cloth,
all belonging to the government, were likewise
consumed. The property destroyed in the city
comprised one hundred and twenty-one dwellings,
eleven docks, many of them full of goods, and a
stone church dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The
number of vessels lost, and the value of the prop
erty destroyed, have not yet been ascertained.
Astrachan is the capital of a province of like
name, and is situated on an island in the Volga
river, about forty miles above its mouth. It has
a population of about seventy-five thousand, em
bracing Russians, Armenians, Tartars, Persians
and Hindus. The surrounding country is very
fruitful, and abounds in gardens and vineyard*,
while the river is well supplied with fish, a staple
article of inland trade. Astrachan has been for
many years the seat of a flourishing, if not an ex
tended commerce. Its exports comprise leather,
linen, woollens and other European manufactures ;
while its imports, mainly from Persia, consists
of raw silks, manufactured silks, scarfs, goods of
cotton and silk, cotton, rice, rhubarb and other
drugs. —New York Post
Jerrold went to a party at which a Mr. Pepper
had assembled all his friends. Jerrold said to his
host, on entering the room :
“My dear Mr. Pepper, how glad you must be to
*e£ all your friends muttered P*
Utica, N. Y., Sept. 21.—The Republicans of the
twentieth congressional district have nominated
Roscoe Conk ling for Congress, in place of C. B.
Matteson.
Official Report of Interments.
Savanna u. Sept. 23 I
7 o’clock P. M. ’ \
The following is a list of interments in the citv
cemeteries for the last twenty-four hours : J
IN LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
Frank Floris, nineteen years, bilious remittent
fever, Portugal; John Uyer, twenty years, chronic
hepatitis, Germany. Both these men were from
the Poor House and Hospital.
IN THB CATHEDRAL CEMETERY.
Thomas Lyon, forty years, congestion of the
brain, Ireland. W. T. Thompson,
Chairman B. H.
Savannah Fetes, Sept. 24.
From the Baltimore Sun, Aug. 23.
Terrible Adventure—A Man Seated on
the Valve of a Balloon Carried into the
(IClouds.
We have already given a brief account of the
recent balloon ascension at Adrian, Michigan its
subsequent descent and its second ascension*and
runaway with the aeronaut while beyond his con
trol. The Detroit Tribune has the follow ing thrill
ing uarrative. It makes the flesh creep and sends
a shudder through every nerve:
The first ascension took place about, nine o’clock
in the morning. It was on the occasion of a large
Sunday school celebration at Adrian. The batloou
was a very large and well-constructed one, being
about the height of a two-story building when
inflated and ready to cut loose from its astenings.
Messrs. Bannister and Thurston took seats iu the
car attached to the balloon and ascended safely
and steadily. After remaining about forty nifeutes
m the air. sailing towards Toledo all the time/, i t*v
alighted in the woods in the town of Riga, in
fant about eighteen miles West of Toledo. Severa.
men came to the assistance of the adventurers,
and they proceeded to prepare the balloon for
packing"to be tuken back to Adrian. In doing
this, the monster balloon was turned over and par
tially upside down to disengage the netting and
to reach the valve. To do tliis, Mr. Ira Thurston,
one of the aeronauts, took off his coat and got
astride of the valve block. He then suggested
that the car be detached from the balloon while
he should hold it down w’ith his weight.. This
proved a feat fill calculation, for no sooner was the
still inflated body relieved of the weight of the
cur thun it shot into the air with the suddenness
of a rocket, taking Mr. Thurston along with it,
seated upon the valve of the balloon, and holding
on to the collapsed silk of the uir ship in that por
tion of its bulk. In this perfectly helpless condi
tion the ill-futed man sped straight up to the sky,
iu the full sight of his companions, even more
helpless than himself. So lar as is known, there
was no possible means for him to secure his de
scent, whether safe or otherwise. The part of the
balloon tilled with gas was full twelve feet above
him, so that there was no chance for him to cut it
and escape. He could only fling to liis precarious
hold and go whithersover the currents of the air
should take him.
Without regulation or control of any kind the
balloon continued to mount upwurd, sailing oft' in
the direction of this city und Luke Erie. The fatal
ascension took place übout eleven o’clock, and at
a few minutes past noon it was seen in the town of
Blissflcld, Lenawee county, apparently three miles
high, and about the size of a star in nppcurunce.
It was still going up and on! At a quarter past
one o’clock it wus last dimly visible, going in the
direction of Malden, as ascertained by compass
bearings taken by parties observing it.
What is his exact fate bullies conjectnr. hut that
it is horrible, almost beyond precedent, there can
be no doubt. There is not one chance in a million
for u successful escape. Whether the unfortunate
irian/mts ramed up so high to become bo
ii(iin bed and senselem*, death ensuing, or w hether
he fell off’at length from his tremendous altitude,
to have his breath sucked from him in liis fearful
descent, and to be sunk in the lake or dashed into
a shapeless mass upon the earth, it is doubtful if
any save God will ever know.
A dispatch published in yesterdays’s Sun, an
nounced that she balloon came down the same ,
day if ascended, on Baptist i reek, Canada, und ,
that Mr. Thurston was seen on it a short time be
fore. Search was making for Ins body in the mul shes
near t It< * i. k**
Mr. T .iir n was an experienced balloon
having l#eii* several,and this being I is fhirly-M
enth ann o ion. He was former! resident hi ,
flie vicinity of Lima and Roches' *r, in western ,
New York, but has laffeily resided in Adrian, |
where he was extensively engaged iu business as ,
a nurseryman. He was a widower, having lost v
his wife last winter. He leaves an interesting v
daughter, about seventeen years of age, to mourn j
her father’s unknown, terrible fate.
|
The Florida Boats.-— The steamer St. Johns, v
which should have reached here on Tuesday, did l
not ar.-ive until yesterday morning. The long de- i
lay she made, created an impression that she had )
been quarantined, which we learn, was not the r
case, as she had been kept back by bad weather. 1
That she was not quarantined, however, is not due
to the authorities, but simply to the fuel that (/’apt. i
King did not a tempt to stop at any port where he
was informed that he would be muuo to undergo
any delay.
A gentleman who arrived here the morning the •
St. Johns sailed ami went to the boat from the *
cars, was not allowed to laud ut St. Marys, even ‘
Ito pass through, though the landing ot freight j
was permitted, consequently he had to make an ■
entrance on the return of tin* boat which was al- 1
lowed. At I ernandina they were met. with a small 1
boat, the occupants of w l.i' h informed Cupt. King
that Ins boat would hayo to perform twenty-one
days quarantine before she could approach the
wharf at Yellow Bluff* landing. Below Jacksonville,
they were informed that, five days quarantine was
necessary before they could approach the what for
land any freight. Capt. Km*, however, went up
the river as far an Palatka, and left all his freight,
except that for Jacksonville, which was brought
back to Savannah. Owing to these impediments
the St. Johns, which leaves this morning, will on
ly go as far as Fernundinh, us pet card of agents.
>nvdtnuih ttepuhhmn, S'-pt. 24.
A Catholic Pkust Appointed Chaplain to thk
Oregon Ahmy. — We learn that Father deSrneihas
received a despatch from Washington, requesting
him to join General Harney at New York, ns chap
lain to the army in Oregon. A part Irom all con
siderations of a religious or spiritual character,
there is eminent propriety in the selection of Fath
er de Smet for this position. It was he who first
preached the doctr» ..*s of Christianity to the
northern (Jltrunr n'.iiie India's, and he is conse
quently regard'd wilh especial reverence by those
tribes who dwell in the country which is the thea
tre of the Oregon Indian war. There cun be no
doubt that his influence over them will facilitate
the realization of the purposes of the government.
In no part of Oregon is the “ Big Black Gown”
unknown or unappreciated. His influence over
the Black feet nation is supreme,'and the Flat
heads and adjacent tribes arc scarcely less submit*
sive to his counsels. The government has, there
fore, consulted its owrn interest in his appointment
to the chaplaincy of the Oregon army. If he shall
not be able to array these and other tribes on the
side of the authorities, he will at least secure their
neutrality. As we have observed, he is known
among all the Indian nations in the Territories of
the United States a* the Big Bl ck Gown; and from
the hanks of the Rio Crande to the banks of the
Colombia, that title is recognised. He will,
therefore, be able to render important services in
the pending campaign. The subjugation of the
Indians, is, it is to be presumed, the policy of the
government, and Father de Smet will be an effi
cient agent to carry out that plan.
St. Louis Demncnrt.
The Cp.ew of the Dolphin.— On yesterday, five of
thecrew of the Dolphin, witnesses against the sla
vers, and one of the slavers, was brought up from
Charleston and lodged in jail. We learn that Sheriff
Dent has given the witnesses six rooms on the lower
floor, known as the debtors' rooms. It is greatly
to be regretted that the government deems it ne
cessary to resort to such stringent measures to se
cure the testimony of these men. It really appears
a hardship, that men who have simply discharged
their duty should be subject to confinement. We
have no doubt, however, that everything will be
done to secure their comfort.
The other slavers will be brought up on Satur
day.—Columbia Carolinian.
VOL. 37-IN O. 40.
From the New York Atlas.
A Prayer for “ Yom Ki|»i»ur.”
BT R. JACOBUS.
Goa ofJKay.n! lerucl'e father 1
'y children, humbly pray
through thy mercy,
un this great and solemn day.
lhou canst read the fearful history
or each heart before thee bow'd ;
If sin and falsehood, truth or Borrow
linger neath the "cap” and “Bhroutl." •
Morcir.ll an.l kind, 01.1 Father,
Change the heart that falsely criea :
l*hl thy angels aottly manner
l arriimlng anthems from the skies.
Change the soffl,,* lips that jeereth.
At the promise thou ha t given,
" 2 1,1 justice, hilt in mercy
titeml to them one hope of heaven.
T< V l !! h T'“'"Bride they standetb,
r Inn In unbelieving scum
If one prater In truth asceudeth,
t i. 1 S .«“•*> l !>c"> to thy throne,
hasten, I ather, to the sorrowing
Lamentations rent above
TrembHiig lest our sins outnumber
All ruturc hope of pardoning love.
Solemnly the •> Shcpbar" t wumleth
Ttu 'Ti"?' w; ‘ke from sleep
T y'K d . er, yfJ or 5 8 of Buried uillll.ns.
In their vaulted prisons deep:
Kenmnilng 'is that ere the morrow
W e may be summoned to thy throne.
There to fiat re. ording angels
Meeting But our fearful doom.
tlioe, when In mercy
Thou didst set apart this day.
Summoning up thy scattered children
Kound !hy throne to f;u»t and pray.
Mmjt high, and only Qod of Israel,
-‘Ki'ccl atoned for errors past,
rp, ! , ho . doomed for years to wander,
1 ,iOU u claim thy chosen ones at last.
* A white cap and gown used by Israelites on the dav of
ur Y e'n“ g "* t ' * m^craat, «d of death, and thus*
- ME, V, ÜBll> urge them to true repentance.
U nm * sounded on that day, emblemat
, t. the horn to he sounded on the day of Resurrection.
: Fro ™ O ‘"%’s Vegetable and Animal Pht/siologv.
Bathing.
The pro* of a healthy skin demands the
removal ot rot ire epidermic layer, by frequent
. ablution, al\vV« accompanied by the liberal use
| <*f that valuable detergent—soap.
For the strict purpose of health, neither a plunge
nor a shower bath is necessary—the latter is even
] obnoxious to some temperaments; the most com
■ sortable and healthful form of bath is at the same
1 time the most facile—a sponge bath—expedition
» in its use being the most important element.
» The bath itself should never exceed five min
utes; the rubbing (the most essential part of the
piocess) occupying another five minutes or more
> —an amonut of time that every one can ufTord at
5 the beginning of the day. This bath should be
' taken immediately on rising in the morning, as ut
such time reaction is greater and quicker than at
any other period of the twenty-four hours.
; It is very necessary to attend to the tempera
-1 ture < f the water, and of the room in which the
* bath is taken. During hot weather, water may be
r used at the ordinary temperuture of the atmos
phere, the room indicating not less than 7u° Fah-
J renheit. But at a less external heat than 70° the
[ water should he warm, or ut least tepid.
* A sudden cold chill on the surface of the body
is prejudicial to health; it checks the circulation
' of the blood to the external surface, interferes with
4 the secretions, and particularly arrests the excre
ting power of the skin.
1 It is a popular belief with mothers, that wosh
! ing young children daily, in cold water, makes
them hardy. This is a grave mistake; the feeble
circulation of a child requires the aid and assis
tance of warmth -warm wat*»r and warm clothing.
The greatest medical man who ever lived—John
Hunter- recommended three rules for the man
agement of children, nod they express the sub
stance of a volume; ho m)*: “Give them plenty
of milk, plenty of sleep, and plenty of flannel.” ’
For udults to bathe after a meal, or after fa
tiguing exercise, is eminently dangerous. Three
fatal cases were recorded by the New York papers,
alt occur ing within a year, from this sole cause;
• he first was the death of an American lady of re
finement and position, fmrft taking a bath soon
alter dinner; » f Sergeant linine, while alone in a
warm hath; and of Lorenzo It. Sheppard, of New
York, and under precisely similar circumstances.
Those persons who do not happen to possess a
pnnge, may rewort to the following plan with
eat advantage : us soon as you get out of bed in
ic morning, wash your hands, face and neck;
then, in the same basin of water, put your feet at
once for about half a minute, rubbing them brisk
ly ut the time j then, with the towel that had been
damped by wiping the face, feet, Ac., rub your
whole body well, (without the addition of more
wuier), fast and hard, mouth shut, the breast pro
jecting. Allow five minutes for this operation.
There is yi t unother plan, superior in some of
its effects to all that has preceded it; at night,
when you go to bed, and whenever you get out of
bed during the night, spend from two to five min
utes rubbing your whole body und limbs with
your hands, as far us you can reach in every di
rectum ; let it be done briskly, quickly und hard.
By this practice the softness and inobiiity of the
skin will he preserved, which too frequent wash
ing lias a tendency to destroy.
Yellow Fever.--By the report of the Hoard of
Ll* alth, for yesterday, it will be seen Ihat there is
at present no increase in the epidemic, not with*
standing reports, current iu the city during the
day, led to the belief that, the number of inter
ments for the preceding day (eight,) would be at
least doubled. It did happen that there was an
unusual number of interments yesterday, including
hi ill born cases, some from rnunia-a-potu, Ac. Ah
these were charged by rumor to yellow fever, and
their number considerably exaggerated besides.
Tlie weather continues much us it lias been, with
u somewhat milder temperature at night:
Office or the Hoard op Health. I
Mobile, September 20. f
The number of deaths from yellow fever for the
tweoty-four hours ending at six o'clock p. m., this
day, is seven.
liaiinky Hlhnoon, M. D., Secretary.
Mobile I Ala.) Mercury , Sept. 21« f.
From the (Mme.) Denpcrat, Sept. 18.
Death of Col. Cobb.
Col. Joseph II Cobb died ut the residence of
Mrs. Moore, in tins city, on Wednesday evening
last, after a long and painful illness. Col. Cobb
was a native of Georgia; be came to this State
when quite young and settled in Noxubee. A few
years afterwards lie removed to this county, which
he made the I dace of his permanent residence’
The deceased, for some twelve or fifteen years, oc
cupied a large space in *he public eye, not only of
dim, but of nil the adjoining counties, and indeed
of the whole State, lie represented Noxubee coun
ty in the lower branch of the legislature in 1842,
and in 1 8- r >3, he was elected to the State Senate
from this county. Hut Col. Cobb, though perfect
ly honest and consistent in his politics, was at
variance with the great mass of voters in the State
on most of the leading political questions of the
day, and hence, notwithstanding bis tine talents,
he was never very successful in his career as a
public man. He was a graceful, fluent speaker,
and a sprightly, vigorous writer. A large portion
of his leisure noiirs he devoted to writing essays
—sketches, stories and critiques—for the maga
zines and reviews, many of which were much read
and admired.
As a fan, Col. Cobb was universally respected
and esteemed for the many excellent qualities
both of bis head and bis heart, and his memory will
long be cherished by hosts of admiring friends.
But we must leave it to some one, longer and more
intimately acquainted with the deceased than we
were, to sketch his oharactcrstics and record his
virtues He was only about forty years old at the
time of his death. Thus has been cut down, when
he had just reached what may be termed the
meridian of life, one who was formed by nature
end bv education to be the pride and ornament of
the circle in which he moved. He has left an in
teresting family, and several children to mourn
his untimely death. “Green be the turf above
him.”
Nothing IK it. —A venerable grandmother, alter
returning from church one night, asked her grand
son for a gourd ot water.
" Give me a light,” she said, wishing to know
what she was drinking.
“ There ain’t nothing in it, grandma,” replied
the voung hopeful.
“ How do you know, Johnny f”
“ ’Cause, \ felt in it I”
The old lady fainted.