Newspaper Page Text
SATURDAY, SEPT. 85.
Health of Augusta.
W« dislike to be reform* to tbi* subject so often,
but as thoughtless and malicious people seem dis
ced to circulate unfounded reports, we must fo
£w them up with prompt contradictions. We as
sert, without the fear of contradiction, that this
eitv nerer was healthier at this season of the year;
nor never, since its foundation, more free from
epidemic disease.
Our priTate citizens and merchants, who left
here in the summer for business and pleasure,
have nearly all returned; and our streets are
crowded with strangers, country merchants and
P Tt| t e report of the Board of Health will be found
in another column.
Heaven Bless the I.ady.
The Charleston Mercury, of Thursday, says:
" We are informed that a young lady from Balti
more arrived in this city yesterday to lender her
services as nurse to the Howard Association; and
that, in case her services should not be required,
she will proceed to New Orleans for the same pur
pose.”
The New York Daily News.
This paper has been much enlarged within the
past few months, and with an able and experienced
corps of editors, may now be regarded as among
tbe best, most valuable, and most reliable news
papers issued in New York city. Pert ons who
have not seen the improvements in this paper, w ill
perhaps be pleased to learn that it ia now fully
equal to the //< raid , Timet, or Triftmie, in editorial
ability, newa facilities, and everything that makca
the New York dailies prominent and desirable pa
pers. We wish our friends of the Xnce much pros
perity in their enterprise. It is a sterling Demo
eratic paper, printed in large quarto form, at six
dollars per annum.
Mount Vernon Record.
We have received a number of this small quarto
publication. It is piloted at Philadelphia, month
ly, at one dollar per annum. It is “ devoted to
the purchase of the Home and Grave of Wash
ihotox .’
Geuiitliins from Home.
At t'lty. Sept. 81.—M. Stanley and
lady, J. Marshall McCuc, 11. C. Ilootten and lady,
B. King and lady, T. Knmpshall, Thus. 11. Dull,
G. Sorrell, and Henry DeLuigle.
At KathciUe, Ttnn. —G. C. Osborne, of Colurn*,
bus.
At jVeio York, Sept. 20.—A. J. Karn, Dr. Walk
er, J. A. Villalong, W. W. Woodbridge, O. P.
Daniel, L. Spencer, K. Lockett, M. A. Wilder, 11.
11. Scranton, George K. Marshall and lady, S. K.
Marshall, K. W. Harkins.
At New York, Sept. 21.—Mr. and Mrs. Thomas,
T. S. Mclntosh, C. 11. Way, A. Shorter, Miss E. E.
Cooley, Dr. Willis and family, N. Dickenson and
lady, S. N. Barrington and lady, E. Remington
and lady, K. Kirtland and lady, C. W. Ellis, H. 11.
Baker, Mrs. 11. W. Kargo, ,1. C. Fargo, Geo. A.
Oates and lady, K. Cohen, Charles K. Bathe, J. A.
Hayden, and V. W. Skipp.
At Wimhinijloti City, Sept. 22. —W. C. Torrance,
A. Poullam and lady, and J. W. Ensign.
(Jen. Walker of! lor Nicaragua.
A telegraph dispatch received Wednesday, an
■ounces that Gen. Walker has left New
York for Aapitiwall, in the steamship Star of the
West.
We have no doubt but ample arrangements hare
been made to supply men and ammunition for
another effort to restore to (Jen. Walksr the reins
•f government in Nicaragua.
The dispatch stales that the opinion was enter
tained that small canal steamers, with army
stares, had left for some point or destiualiou to
cooperate with Urn. Walksr.
The Norfolk Arg ma status thut n new Nicaragua!!
steamer, the Laura Frances, commanded by Cnpt.
James 11. Gordon, put into Norfolk, a few (lays
ago, to procure a new feed pump. Thia is, very
probably, a strainer conneeted with tho present
movement.
NnasmchuitcttM Drmocriicy.
We have read in the lloston /W, of the 21td
inst., the proceedings of one of the largest and most
enthusiastic Democratic rallies, which ever took
place in the old Hay Stuto. When we uotico such
stciling political sentiments, such noble princi
ples, and such devotion to the Constitution and
the Union, and proclaimed at Hunker Hill city,
wo feel that there must be “ a good time coming"
wlicu Massachusetts and Georgia, aud the East and
the South, can again unite in political cordiality
and social confraternity.
The meeting was addressed by Kiiwaho Hiddi.s,
K. D. Brach, (the Democratic uomince fur Gover
nor!, Jambs Gardner, of Georgia, T. S. Lamiikht,
of New York, Dr. John B. I.ohinu, G. W. War
aa.v. Dr. llall, and others.
We will endeavor to tiud room, in a few days,
for a portion of the proceedings on this occasion.
Howard Association of Charleston.
We received on yesterday twenty dollars for
transmission to the Secretary and Treasurer of tho
Howard Association of Charleston. Wo ask of
the benevolent and opulent—of the healthy, and
comfortable, and blessed cititens of Augusta, to
come forward with their generous and timely con
tributions to the aid of the devoted, fearless aud
philanthropic members of that Association iu
Charleston.
Our time is constantly employed at our desk, and |
we have no opportunity to make a personal so
licitation. Send in, theu, your contributions to so
worthy a cause, that we may convey to our ueigh- •
bora and friends in Charleston, some substantial '
svidence of our aym|>aihy and regard in their pre- 1
sent dark hour of allliciiou.
The following is a copy of the letter we received 1
on yesterday from one of our ciliicns;
i
Augusta, Sept. 24th, Issß.
Messrs Editors— (iiutlrmen: 1 noticed a few
days since that you proffered to receive aud re- 1
mit to “ Howard .Association" of Charleston, any (
funds that might he sent you for that purpose. 1
have watched your columns, hoping and expecting
to see some acknowledgements of contributions.
Enclosed, I send you twenty dollars which, if the 1
first, X trust will be the commencement of a geu
rrous contribution from our cititens. While we (
are so free from pestilence. Oh! let it not be said |
that we are entirely unmindful of the sufferings of ,
our afflicted neighbors.
Respectfully, yoore. *
lteparlure of the African*.
The Charleston (burier, of ihe Sind inst., states
that the United States steamship Niagara took her
Le departure on Tuesday afternoon, slat inst, from
off the bar, for Africa. The negroes appeared in
‘'.’y , , good spirits and arell pleased with their quarters
' \ in the N lagara. The ship is fully supplied with
provisions for twenty days.
Suspension of Chubb Brothers.
The Washington Cnicn of the 21st met., says :
" Ths well known banking firm of On inn llßoratks
suspended yesterday in consequence of the pre
mentation of serural very large drafts from the
West. They express their ability and inteutien
to pay tbetr indebtedness; and, from their energy
and faiivdealiog in the past, we fully believe they
will do so. It will be recollected that this firm
withstood the Shock in October lest, which pro
duced so great a convulsion throughout the Union.
t# There were eighty deaths by yellow fever
® Orlosss on the 21st inib
Senator Brown of Mississippi, and Sena
tor Douglas.
We find in the Jsckson Mittinippian, of the
14th inst., a full report of tbe speech delivered by
the Hon. A. G. Bsowx, at Hazleburst, on the 11th
Inst., upon tbe occasion of the complimentary din
ner given him by the citizens of that place. The
Mittittippian. introduces it with tbe following re
marks :
Bast Saturday, the 11th, was tbe day set apart
for the barbecue at Hazleburst, complimentary to
Hon. A. O. Brown. It was a demonstration large
in numbers, and marked by tbe good feeling and
generosity, which so eminently characterise tbe
people who originated and consummated it. It
wascreditable alike to them and tbe eminent states
man who wag tbe recipient of the honor.
When tbe Jackson train reached tbe scene of
the day’s entertainment, a large crowd of people
of both sexes and all ages, bad already assembled.
A noteworthy feature of the day was the atten
dance from regions hitherto remote from each
other. Thanks to the iron highways that permeate
our State, people who hare been heretofore stran
gers, scarcely feeling a common interest, now
mingle together on the same pleasant occasions,
without personal inconvenience or long absence
from home, feeling themselves members of the
same neighborhood and united by the same social
ties. The counties of Pike, hawrence, Simpson,
Warren, Claiborne and Hinds, were well repre
sented, to say nothing of Copiah, whose popula
tion seemed to have turned out en matte.
Hazlehurat is a handsome village, appropriately
named in honor of the distinguished engineer,
George 11. Hazleburst, Esq. It is located forty
miles South of Jackson, on the line of tbe great
highway which connects the interior of our State
with New Orleans. A few months ago, the site
which it occupies was a forest; now it is u flour
ishing seat of trade, and large and beautiful buili
ings, almost palatial in their proportions, have
usurped the places where the grand old trees low
ered in their glory and strength.
At 12 o’clock, trie company repaired lo a grove
skirting the village, where seats for the audience
anil a stand for the orators were prepared. Mr.
Ellis, of Copiah, in behalf of the old neighbors
anil friends of Senator Brown, delivered ao appro
priate and eloquent speech of welcome. lie re
marked upon the occasion of the assembling, and
alluded to the public career of tbe honored guest,
touching, as be proceeded, upon the mam topic of
the times, the question of our domestic institutions.
Senator Brown responded at length, and with
out reserve, upon the topics which are now upper
most in the public mind. Him speech was listened
to with greut attention, and portions of it were
greeted witii applause.
Kroui this speech of the Mississippi Senator, we
make tbe following extract:
And now, fellow-citizens, having mentioned the
name of Douglas, allow me to digress so far as to
say my sympathies ure not with those who indulge
In wholesale denunciation of bitn. He is more
honest, more consistent, more the friend of the
Constitution and the rights of the Slates, and a
better Democrat than nine-tenths of those in the
free States who abuse him. He is a giant in in
tellect, a giant in will, a giant in eloquence, a giant
in everything tint makes up the characteristics of
a great man, and I hope he may thrash Abolition
Lincoln nut of his hoots.
I need not say that I differed with Douglas on
the Kunsas-LccnmoUin question. We met in de
bate- -we discussed the question, I hope like Sena
tors—we differed in the end as we had differed
in the beginning—but we parted as we bad met,
friends.
If 1 could get a man of my own faith, I would
gladly take linn, lint God fnrbul that I should
discard a great man like Douglas, who differs with
me on one point, and take a small man like Lin
coln who agrees with me in nothing.
Judge Dougins—Cuba and Slavery.
In his speech delivered at liellville, Illinois, on
the 10th inst., Judge Douglas, speaking of the
’ inevitable expansion of the Union, said: “When
' we get Cuba, (and get it we must, sooner or later,)
/ am willing to allow her people to tag whether they
i wilt hove eta very or tu4 ; ami / have no ilouht what
• their decision will be, tinea they will never turn
\ loote a milium free urgroet to Attolale IhatUauttful
itlonJ."
The old negro bred Scott died at St. Icons,
Missouri, on tho ISth inst.
t-W~ Forty cents per bale is now the price
charged on cotton from Augusta to Suvunnab.
tW The dcuths in New Orleans on Saturday
lost, by yellow fever, were seventy-four, and for
the week four hundred aud sixty.
Samuel Austin, a very opulent and exten
sive merchant, in Boston, died recently in that
city.
t-ST" Ttie Hon. Henry G. I, amah presents his
name to the voters of the Macon Judicial District
as a candidate for election to the office of Judge,
which he now holds. T. W. Montfoht, Esq., the
Solicitor General of the Circuit, is a candidate for
re-election.
wr l’arson llrownlow passed through Lynch
burg, Va., a few days ugo, on his way to Knox
ville. He mol his talking competitor in l’hiladel
phia, but as tho public took hut little interest in
the discussion, we do not know winch talked the
longest aud loudest.
rr We call attention to the advertisement an
nouncing the opeuing of the 41 Femule High
School,** under the charge of the Rev. Jno. Nkki.t.
.Mr. Nkki.y is well knowu in our comuiunity as an
accomplished scholar, and we deem it unnecessary
to do more than refer to his advertisement, which
will bo found among our spoeiul notices.
We notice that our frieud Jons Rridc.ks 19
making preparations to resume his old business,
on tho second floor above Volokh's tobacco estab
lishment, and near the (XtnstUtitUinulUt building.
His experience and reputation as an accomplished
merchant tailor, is well knowu throughout Georgia
and South Carolina, aud wilt contribute much to
his success iu business.
t*r Gov. tSiYHoi-R, in his late speech at the
Syracuse Convention, said there were more free
negroes in the small border slave State of Mary
land, than are to be found in New York, or all
New England. The reason for this is that the
free negroes prefer living in a slave State. Among
“ their philanthropic friends," iu the free States,
the colored man has a “ hard road to travel.”
Cotton in tiie Mississippi Prairies.—The -Sun
ny South estimates the average crop in its section
of the Stale at a bale to four or fire acres.
The wheat crop of Wisconsin has turned out
better thau was expected. Oats also is said to be
au average yield.
Tbs Latin Language Proscribed. —A ukase has
been promulgated prohibiting the teaching of the
LaUn language in all the colleges of Ihe Russian
empire. The hours hitherto deroted to thst study
will bj devoted u> other pursuits.
Tux Corn Crop in Ohio.—The Shelby county
(Ohio) /Vwocntf says the Ohio crop will he au
abundant one, and thinks that the farmers who
anticipate a contrary result were more scared than
hurt.
The town of Ambalnma, in New Grenada, was
visited with a destructive fire on the 4th ult., two
hundred houses having been burned. The place
had become important as a centre of the tobacco
trade. It will hardly recover from this calamity
for years.
ale or a Large Cotton Factory.— The Provi
dence iR. I.) Journal reports that the steam cot
ton mill in that city was sold bv auction on
Thursday last, for fifty-two thousand dollars,
and the taxes assessed upon it the present year'
amounting to about one thousand dollars more!
Messrs. A. D. A J. Y. Sana were the purchasers.
There are fifteen thousand spindles and three hun
dred and sixty-eight looms, with all the usual pre- j
para lion. The assessed value of it last year was !
one hundred and sixty thousand dollars-
' “Judge Douglas Repudiates the Dred
Scott Decision.”
This is the caption of an ariicle in a recent is
sue of the Washington Union, which some of our
Democratic contemporaries in this State, «[e ob
serre, hare re-produced in their editorial columns,
1 thus endorsing the news which it contains and at
the same time innting to them the attention of
their readers. We subjoin an extract which em
■ braces the gist of this article of the Union :
, Mr. Lincoln, his competitor for the Senate in
[ Illinois, in their discussion at Freeport on Friday,
, the 27th ult., propounded categorically to Judge
[ Douglas, among other interrogatories, this one:
“ Can the people of a United Slates Territory, in
any lawful way, against the wish of any citizen of
■ the United States, exclude slavery from its limits
, prior to the formation of a State Constitution ? ’
The Judge replied at length in language from
' which we extract below. The reader will discover
, from it to bis surprise, that its author hacks out
, from the doctrine of the Nebraska-Kansas bill,
' abandons the Cincinnati platform, and repudiates
' f the Dred Scott decision ; and that he does so by
re-asserting the odious s/jualUr eoeereignty doc
’ trine in its most radical and obnoxious form. Here
B are his words:
I The next question propounded to me by Mr.
Lincoln is, can the people of a territory in any
* lawful way, against the wishes of any citizen of
| the United Slates, exclude slavery from their lim
its prior to the formation of a State Constitution ?
I answer emphatically, as Mr. Lincoln has heard
me answer ahundred times from every stump in 111.,
’ that in ray opinion the people of a territory can,
( by lawful means, exclude slavery from their lim
its prior to the formation of a State Constitution.
" , enthusiastic applause.] Mr. Lincoln knew that
_ I had answered that question over and over again.
He lieurd me argue the Nebraska bill on that prin
j ciple all over the State in 1854, in 1855 and in
] 1856, and he has no excuse for pretending to be in
doubt as to my position on that question, it mat
, ters not what way the Supreme Court may hereaf.
' ter decide as to the abstract question whether
slavery may or may not go into a territory under
' the Constitution, the people have the lawful
means to introduce it or exclude it as they please,
for the reason that slavery can not exist a day or
[ an hour anywhere, unless it is supported by local
police regulations. [Right, right,] Those police
j- regulations can only be established by the local
legislature, and if the people ure opposed to slave
ry they will elect representatives to that body who
’ will, by untriendly legislation effectually prevent
the introduction of it into their midst. If, on the
contrary, they are for it, their legislation will fa
vor its extension. Hence, no matter what the de
cision of the Supreme Court may be on that ab
stract question, still the right of the people to
make u slave territory or a free territory is pel feet
and complete under the Nebraska bill. I hope
Mr. Lincoln deems my answer satisfactory on that
point.
Thus does Judge Douglas boldly and unblush
ingly repudiate the Dred Scott decision.
Thus does the Washington Union "boldly and
unblushingly” pursue its unprincipled and unpro
voked war upon the distinguished leader of the
Democracy of the North-west. Judge Douglas
has not repudiated the Dred Scott decision—has
not backed out from the doctrine of the Kansas-
Nebraska act—has not abandoned the Cincinnati
platform—and there is nothing in the extract from
his Freeport speech, quoted by the Union, to jus
tify these grave charges against his fidelity to the
party creed, upon the subject of slavery in the
Territories.
What was the decision of the Supreme Court in
the Died Scott case ? The Supreme Court, in that
case, decided that African slavery was recognised
by the Constitution of the United Stales, as a le
gal institution, in a majority of the States of
the Union at the time of its adoption, and
that the citizens of the slaveholding States
had the right, under the Constitution, to curry
slaves into the common territories of the Union.
It decided, consequently, that Congress had no
power to take this right from slave holders, by
abolishing or prohibiting slavery in a Territory,
and us it did not have this power itself, that it
could not confer it on any local government, es
tablished by its authority. The court decided,
in that case, other points in reference to the polit
i leal status of the negro, and the constitutionality
of certuin legislation by Congress, but that which
we have stated is practically the most important
part of its decision. It confirmed the Democratic
doctrine of popular sovereignty, illustrated in the
Kansas-Nebraska act, and asserted in the national
platform of the party at Cincinnati, before the
Dretl SniU decision was pronounced, and it is this
part of the decisionwhich.it is charged, Judge
Doi olas lias repudiated. There is no evidence to
sustain the charge, either in his Freeport speech,
or in any other which he has ever made.
The doctrine of the Deed Scott decision is that
slave properly, so far as federal laws operate in
the Territories of the Union, is on the sutne foot
ing with any other kind of property, and that
neither Congress, or a territorial legislature estab
lished by its authority, can enact luws to exclude
it, or do anything which shall interfere with the
right of slaveholders to carry this property into
a Territory, which is recognised by the decision
as constitutional and inviolable. Hut, in reference
to this right to carry slaves into the common ter
ritories of the Uuion, the decision is simply a ju
dical declaration of its existence, and all that Mr.
DortiLAs has asserted whilst admiting this right,
and denying that Cougress or a territorial legisla
ture can do anything to impair it, is that it may be
practically nullified “by lawful means.” In other
words, his position is that the character of a Ter
ritory. as flee or slave, will be determined by the
character of the people who settle it, and that the
people may make it a free Territory without de
nying the right of slaveholders to carry their pro
perty there, which is ulKrmed by the Supreme
Court of the Uuiled Stutes in the Dred Scott deci
sion, or using any unlawful means to hiuder them
iu the exercise and enjoyment ot this right. This
is illustrated in the history of the Territory of Ne
braska. That Territory has been settled by peo
ple hostile to slavery—they have elected Repre
sentatives who have been hostile to it, and who
consequently have failed to enact police regu
lations, or any other laws for the protection of
slave property. They hare not excluded it,
but they have not encouraged it, by afibrding it
the protection which it peculiarly needs; and thus,
by doing nothing upon the subject, by letting it
alone severely, they have, “by lawful means,”
excluded the institution of slavery from the Terri
tory. The right to carry slaves into it is perfect,
unqualified and unquestioned, but they are not
carried there, because the local law does not fur
nish remedies and means to enforce this right and i
secure its enjoyment. The people have excluded i
slavery and made Nebraska free, without the use
of any unlawful means. This is what the people <
of Nebraska have done —this is what Senator !
Douglas asserts that the people of any other Ter- '
ritory may do. Is this a declaration of the doctrine t
of squatter sovereignty ? or a repudiation of any z
principle established by the Dred Scott decisiou *
Bv no means, but simply the statement of a legal [
proposition, which has never been controverted, 1
eveu by statesmen of the most ultra Southern s
Rights opinions, who have many of them asserted
it themselves, and upon it, demanded that Con
gress should relieve the slaveholding States from ‘
the practical wrong, which it worked them by the *
positive legislation which would effectually pro- '
tect slave propertv in the territories, and vitalise '
the right to carry it there—make it practical and 1
substantial, by furnishiug remedies to enforce it. *
So muck for this latest charge of the Washing
ton Union against the distinguished Senator of {
Illinois. U« has not repudiated the Dre,i Scott \
decision, or uttered one word tn his Freeport i
speech or elsewhere, inconsistent with the princi- 1
pies established by it.
The Circuit Court of Portsmouth, Va., has de
cided that the ordinance of that citv, closing bar
rooms on the Sabbath, cannot be e»‘ ~*ced, as it is ,
'in conflict with the State law.
Yellow Fever in Savannah.
The article which appears on our first page this
morning 'taken from the SavanDah Republican, of
22d inst.,l may mislead the public in relation to
the health of that city, when taken in connection
with the report of the Board of Health, which we
publish under our telegraph bead.
It appears to us that the editor of the Republi
can must have been misinformed as to the number
of interments at Laurel Grove and at the Catholic
Cemetery, daring the six days from the 15th to
the 2<nh of September, both inclusive. If the
editor was not misinformed, then we must con
clude that there were several deaths in Savannah
and the interments not made at either of those
cemeteries, and consequently those deaths were
not reported to him.
The Republican reports the number of deaths for
f z days at twenty-eight, and the Board of Health
aeded one day and their report was forty. We
ave no idea there were twelve deaths io Savan
nah on Tuesday, and nine of the number by yel
low fever. And yet, if we admit the statement in
;he Republican to be correct, we are compelled to
believe that the mortality ou Tuesday was to that
extent.
It is not generous to intimate that the Republi
>in intended to deceive the public by its statement,
for the very appearance of the tabular report in
dicates that care was taken to give the readers of
that paper reliable facts. We repeat, that there
must have been interments last week for deaths in
Savannah, in other burial grounds than at Laurel
Grove and the Catholic cemetery, and that the
mortality on Tuesday, the 21st inst., was not so
great as the report now indicates.
We have copied alt the articles, from the Savan
nah press, in relation to the health of that city,
and contributed our efforts to keep down the idle
rumors in circulation about the extent of the sick
ness there. We felt satisfied that the reports were
greatly exaggerated.
If the Board of Health will make reports daily,
there will be no occasion for a conflict in state
ments ; and the public will be satisfied.
Savannah Republican, of the 22nd inst.,
say*: “We hear that a despatch was received here
yesterday from New York stating that quarantine
exactions had been removed from vessels leaving
this port.”
W. Young, of Virginia, has been appointed U.
S. Consul at Stuttgardt.
Benj. Salter, Esq., formerly a merchant in
Apalachicola, died in New Vorlc recently, in the
sixty-sixth year of his age.
Rev. John Strat, aged one hundred years,
preached in Galliopolis, Ind., on the 31st ult. He
was a soldier of the revolution.
Liberal. —The family of ffs. P. Molett, Esq.,
of Dallas county, Alabama, consisting of the
father, mother, son, daughter-in-law and seven
grand children, have given fifty dollars each, or
five hundred and fifty dollars in all, to the Moun
Vernon fund.
A Desperate Murder.— We hear a report, says
the Kemper (Miss.) Democrat, of the 9th, “ that
John M. Steel, who killed Hudnall, was taken
recently in Newton. It is said he shot the sheriff
and two other men dead, before he was taken.”
Long Train. — A ti am of ninety-seven cars, drawn
by engine number seventy-one, reached Cumber
land, on the lialtimore and Ohio railroad, in the
early part of last week. The train was composed
mainly of coal hoppers. It is said to be the long
est train that ever passed over the road.
The shade trees in New Haven are rapidly dy
ing. Twenty-five on Wooster Place, some of them
twenty-five years old, have dißd; and in other
parts of the city trees are either dying or have a
sickly appearance. It is feared that the gas pipes
have got out of order and that the earth from
which the roots draw their nourishment has be
come poisoned.
The Wilmington (N. C.) Herald states that a
disease prevails among the oysters and clams
found in such profusion along the coast. On open
ing them, the conteuts are found to be perfectly
black and shriveled up, presenting a singular up
pearauce. In consequence of this, the sounders
have stopped eating them altogether.
Cotton.— A correspondent of the New Orleans
True Delta, writing from Port Hudson, 13th inst.,
says he has travelled over most of East Feliciana
and not found a plantation where cotton has not
been destroyed by the army worm. They have
eaten into the cotton bolls which were the size of
a hickory nut, and now they have webbed into the
potato leaves. He thinks not more than half
crops will be made.
The Alabama river, says the Selma Sentinel of
the 15th inst., at this point, is very low at this
time, much lower than it has been this year; not
too low, however, for the smallest class boats—
there are some three or four of the smallest boats
they have, and are now making regular weekly
trips. The Illinois Belle passed up on vesterdav,
and the Coosa Belle passed down.
David L. Miller hus invented a machine, em
bracing the three principles of wedge, lever, and
screw, with which a workman at the Norris Loco
motive Works, Philadelphia, weighing one hun
dred and fifty-six pouuds, lifted with facility the
enormous weight of thirty-seven thousand three
hundred and thirty-two pounds—more than eigh
teen tons—merely by the application of his
strength through his hands to the lever.
English Visitors to the United States.—
Among the passengers arrived at New York in the
Persia is Mr. James Caird, member of Parliament
from Dartsmouth, the well known statistician of
British agriculture. This is Mr. C.’s first visit to
the United States, and we understand that be pro
ceeds at out* on a tour through the great wheat
and corn growing districts of the North-west.
Mr. Andrew Arcedeckse, the commodore of the
Royal London Yacht Club, arrived in the same
steamer.
Cotton. —The Holly Springs (Miss.) Herald says
the prospect for a large cotton crop in Marshall
county was never more flattering.
The Aberdeen (Miss.) Sunny South says the
crops on the large prairies near Aberdeen, in
Monroe county, are almost completely ruined.
The boll worm is still at work, and thousands of
acres of the richest land will not yield more than
a bale to tbiee acres.
The Grenada (Miss.) Republican says the rust is
prevailing in cotton in many localities in Yala
busha county, and much complaint is made of the
sheddiug of cotton squares.
The special Illinois correspondent of the
Evening Poet, refering in his communication of
the 14th inst., to the letter of the Hon. Sidney
B reesk, an anti-Eecompton and anti
bratia Democrat, in which he declares that he has J
retired from the Senatorial can Tass, but is willing
to be used as a candidate agaiust Douglas, says: i
" This letter of the Judge has alreadv raised a '
mete in the Administration ranks, which threatens '
to become a whirlwind, and is another proof of 1
the very slender straws to which drowning men 1
attach themselves. As a matter of influence in 1
the campaign, it can make very little difference 1
whether the Administration men have a Senatorial
candidate or not. The party will have, at the best
onlv a small vote, unless some unexpected “ revi- i
val ’ recurs. The Illinois Democracv are too firm
ly wedded to Douglas to be moved' by ordinary
political motives. Ide not see that recent devel
opments produce any marked impression upon
their serried ranks.”
(COMHCKICATXD.)
A few Considerations npon the Supreme
Conrt.
What has already been said relates not to the
intrinsic uses of a Court for the correction of er
rors, but to the ideas entertained of its necessity
by those whose opinions are entitled to receive
from us the highest degree of respect. They are
referred to because it is the part of wisdom to seek
light for its direction from all quarters where it
may be found; and there is a special propriety in
looking for it outside of the generation in
which we live. For, as, by means of the individ
ual, local, or party prejudices which must meet
him, no man is competent to write cotemporaneons
history ; so also it is exceedingly difficult by con
sulting only the sentiments of the existing gener
ation, on questions about which its suffrage are to
be exercised, to arrive at a candid conclusion. The
future is not open to our inspection—a scrutiny of
the past then is the only aid within our reach on
which to base the decisions of our sagacity and
experience. We are happy in that the men of
that time, whose opinions we evoke, were men
exalted, not in station only, but in mind and mor
als, integrity and worth. Let me accept their les
sons, not as instructions which we must of com
pulsion obey, but as auxiliaries.to our own research
after truth.
Proceeding in these, it will be proper to divide
our inquiries into several classes. First: The uses
of a Court for the correction of errors, growing
out of the dishonesty or incompetency of the
judges of minor tribunals. Second: Those grow
ing out of local constructions and practice. Third :
Those growing out of local interests. Fourth:
Those growing out of the native imperfections of
the human intellect.
Os the first: The people of Georgia have, up to
this point, been blessed by that kind Providence,
which has so graciously ordered all their affairs,
with pure and enlightened judges. All who have
occupied seats upon the bench of the Superior
Court, have not been alike gifted with mental ca
pacity. Yet, it is believed, that none have fallen
so low in that respect as to be disqualified for hold
ing their position ; and, so far as the writer is in
formed, the charge of corruption has never been
successfully made against any of them.
While we have cuuse for rejoicing and devotion
in this, we cannot close our eyes to the fact that
station is not a talisman by which licentiousness
is transmuted into virtue, or ignorance into know
ledge ; nor can we forget that the judge is first a
man, in whom, as in others of his kind, vice and
tguorance inhere. To do so would be to become
oblivious of the plainest teaching of history; and
it is impossible, after learning its lessons, to sup
pose that the golden age will be of everlasting du
ration. The observing mind sees in the increasing
wealth and cupidity of the times, the corrupt con
dition of the political parties, with the attendant
unscrupulousness of their leaders, and the general
condition of national politics, cogent reasons for
preserving with vigilant care all the safeguards
afforded by a souml judicial system agaiust op
pression under the form of law. It has been found
that, when no supervenient cause existed to pro
duce the contrary course, professional pride has
generally excited even dishonest judges to pro
nounce correct decisions. We know also that
men who have been habitually honest—men,
thought by themselves and their neighbors, pure
and incorruptible—have fallen under the pressure
of temptation. It is, then, safe to conclude that,
whether dishonesty accepts the wages of sin from
its ran proclivity to vice, or honestyyields to solic
itations which it lacked strength to resist, the
occasion is equally chargeable; so that, whether
men be classed as one or the other, the necessity
' is in the suuie degree laid upon such as have an
interest in their continued well-doing, by all con
trolable means, to avert temptation from them.
That the forms in which this presents itself are
manifold, need not be told. It may come in the
shape of the holiest feelings of the heart—it may
be degraded to base coin—it may assume the guise
of honor, conferred by party, or the punishments
she has for those who refuse to do her bidding;
tile love of popularity or hate of an enemy, may be
the buit. In short, there is no sentiment oftbe
human nature which is Dot capable of becnuiioga
means for the purchase of integrity; while, so
broad is the distance which lies between the quali
ty of these sentiments, tiiat he who would spurn
an attempt to influence him by one of the baser sort,
would, readily yield to the enticements of the more
exalted. So'subtle, in truth, are many of these
influences, that they operate without the knowl
edge of their subject. Such are always at work.
But allusion has been made to certain character
istics of the time, which, it is supposed, carry
with them peculiar danger. Wealth, accustomed
to the maxim that everything has its price, will
hesitate little to offer from its overflowing coffi-rs
to cupidity, when it shall be found in judicial sta
tiuns, what its cravings shall demand as the price
of its corruption. The times which have come
upon us exhibit, as one of their leading qualities,
not an increase in the amount only of the wealth
of the world, but, in greater proportion, in its
power over the world. A desire alter it rules the
tires of men—and, it is nut too much to say, that
no other thought enters the minds of a large part
of mankind than how they shall accumulate it.
Who shall tell us where to fiud men above its in
fluence ?
Party, seeking to perpetuate its power, is a ty
rant not less exacting than many of its class that
have worn crowns and claimed to reign pure di
cine. It has, as its royal cousins have had, friends
to reward, and enemies to punish. Like them, it
held the ermine robes in its hand to he disposed or
withheld, as obedience or disobieDCe is to be re
warded, besides many other honors whicli ambi
tious men court. She has not yet, in our country,
laid her corruptions upon the judiciary, but her
forbearance has been voluntary and may be near
its close, for the political aspect of the times is
troublous. State trials may, within the next ten
years, become as common as they are now uncom
mon. In every such case brought before the Court,
party will be directly urrayed against party —the
party in power against the’ party out of power—
the majority against the minority.
Who would he willing to risk his life or his lib
erty upon the lips of a single Judge without liber
ty to appeal from his decision—save to the Sover
eign Ruler of the world, under such circum
stances ?
But will party spread its contaminations even to
the judiciary ? Who can foresee the events of the
future or tell what her stores contain ? In another
land, whose laws we have adopted, we know wbat
enormities were perpetrated by partisan judges
under the shadows of the law. Is party purer or
more humane now than then, or does it only lack
occasion and opportunity for the exercise of its
passions? Every line io the statute book is a per
petual memorial of the wickedness of mail. It is
well said, “ That, which hath been, again shall
be.” Hazael replied to the warning ot the pro
phet: “Is thy servant a dog that he should do this
thing?”—yet be none the less fulfilled the pro
phecy.
Wise legislation does not watt for the evil to
overpower the State before it provides agaiust it;
b«t, prudently as it builds forts in time of peace,
and furnishes them with munitions for defense
against the publiceuemy when hesball attack them,
erects in its laws, without waiting for the practical
need of them, barriers against the wrong doer,
comes he furtively to commit a larceny, or with
the high hand of power to master the government?
Nor will it better the condition of the suitor,
writhing under a sense of the wrong which he is
compelled to suffer, that its cause is ignorance,
rather than dishonesty. True, the former quality
is not criminal, but one smarting under the injury
inflicted by an erroneous judgment will not nicely
discriminate into causes. The effect will be suffi
cient for him perceive; and that will be the
same whether one or the other produce it. Natu
rally, for men will, when violence is done to their
rights, assume that its perpetration is willful; cor
ruption will be charged against the judge who so
errs; and the results will De that men, distrusting
the public justice, will be inclined to take their
rights in their own keeping; the popular respect
for the laws, which is tne bulwark of our govern
ment, will be greatly weakened; and disorders
will be introduced, the same in character, though
probably more limited in degree, as would be pro
duced by judicial dishonesty.
If there be above the judge to whom, through
these remarks, reference has been mafie, a tribunal
composed of several members, each selected from
the most learned of the legal profession, sitting in
review of his judgments, is it necessary to say
that .the temptation to dishonesty will be" happily
removed from him and the errors o£ his judg
ment corrected ? G.
A Rapid Flight. —A German paper savs the
quickest rate of locomotion, after the electric spark,
light, sound, and cannon balls, is ascertained to
be the flight of the swallow. One of these birds,
liberated at Ghent, made its way to its nest at
Antwerp in twelve and a half minutes, going at
, the rale of four and a half miles per minute.
BY TELEGRAPH.
ARRIVAL
0F THE ste amship
NIAGARA.
THREE DAYS LATER FROM EC ROPE.
Cotton Advanced l-Bd. during the Week.
Halifax, Sept. 22,-The British and North
American Royal Mail steamship Niagara has ar
rived with Liverpool accounts to Saturday SeD
tember 11th. ’ *
Commercial.
Liverpool Cotton Market —Sales of cotton for the
week 67,000 bales. Middling qualities had ad
vancea >£d., and the market closed firm.
The sales on Friday were 12,000 bales, and the
trade closed buoyant.
Breadstuffs were quiet.
Consols were quoted at 97.
SECOND DISPATCH.
Halifax, Sept. 22.—The news from India and
China is unimportant.
Nothing new had transpired in relation to the
cable. The Directors of the company were an
nounced to hold a meeting on the 11th inst. to
discuss their future action. The shipment of the
shore ends from Plymouth to Valencia had been
suspended.
The cession of the port of Villafranca, in the
Mediteranean sea, to Russia, had been confirmed.
The bullion in the Bask of France had largely
increased during the past month.
A Nicaragua Steamer.
Savannah, Sept. 22.—The steamer Catharine
Maria, from New York, for Nicaragua, put into
this port to-day for coal.
mortality in Savannah.
Savannah, Sept. 22.—Mr. Wit. T. Thompson, the
Chairman of the Board of Health, reports that
there were forty deaths in that city during the
week ending the 21st inst., and of this number
twenty are reported by yellow fever.
F. S. Robehts, Church Clerk at Sardis,
Hart county, Ga., in a lettler in the Christian In
dex, cautions the public, and particularly the fe
male poition, against a man who said that his
name was Wesley Williams, and that he was
raised by a Baptist minister in East Tennessee.
Mr. Roberts thus describes the man, and his
conduct in Hart county:
“ He is of rather dark complexion, weighs about
one hundred and fifty pounds, has rather light
hair and a large mouth. He speaks with a slight
Irish accent. He has an extraordinary recollection,
being able to quote from memory a great deal of
scripture, and prides himself on his ability in this
regard. He came into our bounds last spring,
imited with our church at Sardis, Hart county,
Ga., married a very respectable woman in the
neighborhood, and lived with her about three
months, during which time he manifested a dis
position to exercise publicly in Sunday Schools,
prayer meetings, Ac.
“He disgraced his profession by drunkenness,
profanity, Ac., abandoned his wife and left the
country without making provision for the support
of her and her expected child.”
The New York Day Book, in the course o
some remarks in opposition to the policy of sends
ing to Liberia the Africans captured by the Dol
phin, says :
“The negro mother will pine away and die at
the loss of her mistress’s babe, which she has
been the nurse of, while often inditTerent and
sometimes even cruel to her own offspring. The
negroes carried back to Africa by the Colonization
Society, are educated to abhor the ‘ slave ’ trade;
they are also watched over and governed bv the
white agents of that Society, and, moreover, have
a large infusion of white' blood in their veins ;
nevertheless, there have always been suspicions,
more or less definite, that the ‘slave’ trade has
been carried on by these founders of ‘African civil
ization,’ and recent disclosures put the matter be
yond doubt or question, for the entire ship load
that a few weeks since murdered the crew and
surrendered themselves to the British, were fur
nished to the French captain by the Liberian au
thorities, and some of them were expatriated
‘colored Americans,’ and quite possibly part of
the lot sent out by that great-souled philanthro
pist, Mr. David Hunt, of Mississippi. We repeat,
this feature or instinct of the negro nature is as
constant and as much a part of himself as the A
color of his skin, and were the Colonization Socie- w
ty to withdraw its influence and leave them to fol
low their own natural instincts, Liberia would
soon be the very centre and very headquarters of
that trade which ignorance, folly, imposture, and
a total misconception of the negro nature have
united to nullify and obliterate from the earth.”
Bank Case. —The annexed decision is an impor
ant one to the banks of Massachusetts, and to the
public generally, because it settles a question not
before decided by her courts, and about which
there has been considerable controversy, viz:
whether the banks of that State can lawfully
charge exchange for collection of paper discount
ed and payable in New York :
In the case of the Hadley Falls bank vs. Charles
Ely, of New York and West Springfield, for the
payment of sundry notes amounting to five thou
sand dollars—discounted by the bank for the ac
commodation and benefit of Ely. The defendant
resisted the payment or these notes, on the ground
ot usury, because the bank had charged, with the
consent and agreement of Ely, one-fourth of one
per cent, exchange for collection on New' York,
where the notes were payable; and contended
that the whole amount of the notes was, therefore,
void under our usury laws—though the whole
amount of exchange was only twelve dollars and
Gfty cents. The Judge (Bigelow) charged quite
strongly in favor of the bank ; saying that though
the defense of the usury was a lawtul defense, it
is hardly an equitable oue, and is not regarded bv
business men as a reputable defense. The jury
gave a lull verdict for the bank, with interest and
QpßtS.
Senator \\ right's Benevolence. —A correspon
dent of the Concord (X. II.) Democrat , says :
“ Jersey au active work is silentiy going
on, to shape the next legislature, so as to defeat
Senator Wright. As a mechanic and manufactur
er, he has amassed u fortune, and made himself.
One ot the thousand incidents was related to me
of Senator Wright, by a political opponent of his
to exemplify his character. A poor shoemaker
died in Newark, leaving a lapstone, and a wife
and children. T K e day after the funeral the land
lord gave the widow notice to quit the premises.
A neighbor was relating the hard-hearted circum
stance to several friends whom he met in the
street, among whom was Mr. Wright. Mr. Wright
immediately went to the landlord and inquired the
price for the house and lot occupied by the widow
of the shoemaker. The answer was three thousand
five hundred dollars. Mr. Wright ordered the
deed to be made out and enclosed it next day to
the widow, with a check for five hundred dollars ;
and Mr. Wright had never seen the widow.”
The Fever in Baton Rougb.—The Baton Rouge
Advocate, of Wednesday evening, the 15th inst.,
savs:
We have heard of no new cases of fever for the
past two days in our town. The weather this
morning is cool, damp and cloudy, and we much
fear its effects on persons already afflicted. We
learn that five deaths occurred during the last
twenty-four hours, of all diseases.
The New York Uerald's Washington correspon
dent, under date of September IStb, says:
“The case of the captured slaver Echo begins to
loom up in all its bearings in the minds of mem
bers of the government. Cabinet officers do not
hesitate to say that, as a political and internation
al question—as a question for the next session of
Congress—and in its bearings on treaties and laws
i elating to piracy when tested by the Constitution
of the United States, it is of the greatest impor
tance ; and we have not yet by a long way seen
the end of it.
Whats the Matter? —Our Augusta exchanges,
the Cronicle dk Sentinel, Constitutionalist and 2>i#
for the past three weeks have been received
very irregular at this place. What can the matter
be?" They are frequently three and four days be
hind time. Look into it’my friend Smythe, if you
i please.— Edgefield Advertiser, Sept. 22.