Newspaper Page Text
(Meek Id) Constitutionalist
by JAJVLES GARDNER.
From, our Milledgeville Correspondent.
MILLEDGEVILLK, Nov. 18. 1858.
Senate.—After the usual prelitninaties, Mr.
Stubbs of Bibb, moved to reconsider the loss es a
J bill to increase the salary Superintendent of the
Western & Atlantic railroad—lost.
Mr. Sutton of Dade, moved to reconsider the
loss of a bill to allow the Wills Valley Railroad
Company to use a form of order—agreed to.
The rules were suspended to take up a bill to
allow the Wills Valley railroad to use a form of
order in this State. The individual liability clause
was stricken out, and the bill passed.
Several members were given leave of absence.
A resolution was passed calling on the Governor
for information as to which banks in the State had
failed to complv with the law.
The call of counties were then in order, and the
following bills were introduced and read first
lime:
By Mr. Adams, of Elbert—To request Ihe Gov
ernor to give James A. Greene the use of certain
papers, Ac., to make out his claim on the United
States.
By Mr. Arnold, of Decatur —To incorporate the
Planters’ Bank of Bainbridge.
liv Mr. Bloodworth of l’ike—To cause a census
to be taken after the Ist of January next. This
is a good bill.
By Mr. Gordon, of Walker—T*encourage in
ternal improvements in this State—eight thousand
dollars per mile aid; also, that in certain cases
the bonds of defendants under the degree of felony
shall not be forfeited.
By Mr. Bullard, of Campbell—To regulate the
agencies of insurance companies not chartered by
thisSt%te; also, to render more certain the con
struction of deeds and wills; also, to make all
banks and bank agencies, foreign and domestic,
pav a county tax.
By Mr. Josser, of Spalding—To repeal all laws
requiring promises to pay, Ac., to be in writing.
By Mr. Overstreet, of Emanuel—Repealing all
lans making Tux Collectors liable for costs on tax
ji. fte.
By Mr. Slaughter, of Dougherty—To permit the
Supreme Court to withhold their decisions longer
than the sitting; also, to allow the Supreme Court
to continue cases.
By Mr. Gibson, of Richmond—To amend the
act incorporating the Independent Mechanic Fire
Company of Augusta.
By Mr. Stubbs, of Bibb—To incorporate the
.Merchants’ and Mechanics’ Mutual Insurance Com
pany of the city of Macon.
By Mr. Ward, of Butts—To allow the Treasurer
to sign the coupons of the old six per cent, bonds.
Mr. Harris, of Merriwetber, moved to suspend
the rules to take up a House resolution refusingto
receive all new matter after the first of December
—taken up and agreed to.
Third reading of bills being in order, a bill to
define the liabilities of drawers of checks, Ac. A
ailsitute of Mr. Stubbs, of Bibb, making them
liable as joint promisors, or as principal and se
curity ; and may, at the option of the plainlitf,
sue them in the same action with the acceptor, and
in the county of the acceptor—was passed.
A bill to allow bail to slaves and free persons of
color —laid on the table for the present.
A bill to make stockholders in corporations lia
ble after the expiration of their charters—passed
unanimously.
A bill to allow the tax receiver of Richmond
the game fees as the tax collector of Richmond—
passed.
A bill to allow the jailor of Richmond county to
collect fees from persons.at whose instance anv one
is imprisoned for debt—passed.
A hill to allow guardians, executors, Ac., to in
vest the funds of their wards, Ac., in the bonds of
tluwcity of Augusta—passed.
A bill to add the county of Wilcox to the second
Congressional district. Mr. Harris, of Merriwetber,
offered to giaeati ba adding lhircouoty of Carrol
to the fifth—Tost. The bill then passed. After
which several local b>l's were read and passed.
A bill was then read to prevent the sale of intox
icating liquors to minors. Mr. Harris of Worth,
moved to lay the bill on the table for the balance
of the session. After some discussion, the motion
was withdraw n, and, on motion of Mr. Thomas, of
Gwinnett, referred to a special committee of five,
consisting of Metsrs. Thomas, Harris, of Worth,
Cochran, Paine, and Shropshire, who, by the way,
was the introducer of this bill. It provides for
the fining of any violator three hundred dollars,
or sixty days imprisonment in the county jail.
'Senate adjourned until 3 P. M.
Times o’clock, P. M.
The Senate did little else this evening but read
bills a second time. A bill to incorporate the
Bank of Marietta, was read third time and lost by
a largt* majoriety. This bill vras encumbered by
the individual liability clause, and also the for
feiture of the charter, if its stock was purchased
by citizens of other States. If this bill don’t suit,
then no bank bill will. •»
The Senate then adjourned until lialf-past nine
o’clock, to-morrow morniug.
House. —After the usual preliminaries, Mr. Luff
man moved to reconsider the bill lost yesterday,
in relation to imprisonment for debt and ca. sa.
law—carried.
Mr. Irvin, of Wilkes, moved to reconsider the
hill lost yesterday, in relation to the Supreme
Court, as it had been lost by only heu votes. Af
ter a few remarks by Mr. Irvin,"the motion which
was made by him was carried.
Third Reading of Dilb. —To amend the second
clause of iwenty-third section of first article of
the Constitution of Georgia. It provides that
making new counties and altering county lines
can be done only by a two-thirds vote of both
branches of the General Assembly.
Mr. Wilkes, of Lincoln, who had offered the
bill, said he was opposed to this wholesale way of
making new counties—he was not sectional—he
was opposed to making new counties in Middle
Georgia. There were men residing near the lines
of counties who were often troubled and harrassed
about the lines, Ac. The bill was lost, not receiv
ing a constitutional majority. Yeas S 3; nays 57.
To authorise witnesses living out of this State
to authenticate deeds or other instruments in
writing—passed
In Variation to the charges of judges to juries,
the charges shall be written out and read by the
judges—host.
To compel and authorise constables to collect
on Justices’ Court ft. fas., and for other purposes
mentioned—lost.
For the relief of the Union Branch railroad—
read first time.
Bdl* dec., introduced —By Mr. Harrison of Chat
ham—A resolution requsting our delegation in
Congress to use their influence for the purpose
of notifying Great Britain that our treaty in re
gard to keeping a fleet on the coast of Africa, be
:It an end; that the fleet be withdrawn, as the
object of the treaty has been defeated, and keeping
the fiact there is a drain upon the national treasury
to the amount of from seven hundred and fifty
thousand dollars, tonne million dollars.
By Hr. Frederick of Macon—Tojexempt one
slave for each head of a family, from levy and
■sale.
The rules were suspended in order to act upon
a resolnticn introduced by Mr. Kendall of Merri
wether in relaaiton to the management of the
State road,during the years 1356 and 1857. This
resolution -reprehends the managers for having
practised an unbluthinofraud upon the State in
borrowing money from the banks, at the same time
paying arooutvts "greater or less in the State Trea
■S'.trys, Ac.
Mr. Smith, cf Towns, wished to inquire into
this subject, exfcmtnc the report of the committee,
and moved that .the resolution remain upon the
table till to-morrsw—agreed to.
Bv Mr. (folmaß, of To alter and amend
the "Constitution, dieventh section, third article, in
relation to electing-sheriffs.
By Mr. Mtlledge, sf Richmond —To repeal the
second section of the act of 1527, fixing the dam
ages on foreign bills of exchange in certain cases,
and to reduce the same to two and, a half per cent.;
also, to repeal an act, isnfitled an act, to amend
the tenth section, tenth division, of the penal
code.
By Mr. Roberts, of Striven—To prevent persons
from lishingh in the Savannah river with gillDets.
By Mr. Cannon, of Wayne—T«> amend the Con
stitution in regard to the time of .holding elections
for Governor, Congressmen, Ac.
By Mr. Irvin, of Wilkes—To amend the law in
Tegj.rd to citations; also, to amend art act amend-!
ing the penal code of Georgia; also, to allow ad
ministrators to keep estates together on certain
conditions.
By Mr. Taliaferro, of Whitfield—To amend the
law'in relation to securities on appeals.
By Mr. Lewis, of Hancock—To incorporate a
military academy in Hancock.
A motion was made and agreed to, and the clerk
proceeded, in accordance with the same, to the
reading of bills for the second time.
Third Reading. —To appropriate money for the
removal of obstructions in the Great and Little
Canoochee rivers—laid over lor the present.
To authorise Justices of the Peace to exercise
jurisdiction over the whole county, i. e., out ol
their district—lost.
To amend the laws in relation to consanguineous
marriages, inheriting property, Ac.—referred to
Judiciary Committee.
To increase the salaries of Solicitors and Attor
neys General—referred to the Judiciary Commit
tee . .
In relation to property in the hands <ff adminis
trators, Ac.—passed.
Ts vest life estates—referred to Judiciary Com
mittee.
In relation to issuing executions, providing that
they may issue as soon as the verdict is delivered
—passed.
A communication from his Excellency, the Gov
ernor, furnishing certain information in relation
to the State road, giving several statistics iu rela
tion to the monetary arrangements.
For the appointment of Auditors in certain equi
ty cases, whose duties shall he to make calcula
tions, Ac. —passed.
To abolish the Penitentiary from and after the
first day of January, 1859, and a new penal code
to be framed, and a plan devised by a committee,
who shall be appointed for the purpose, to dispose
of the convicts now there—made the special order
for Monday next.
To amend the laws establishing the Supreme
Court—referred to the Judiciaiy Committee.
To expedite the collection of moneys due on ex
ecution-referred to the Judiciary Committee.
To curtail the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
in relation to criminal cases—passed.
The following Senate bills were read, upon mo
tion, for the first time:
To alter and amend the laws in relation to no
tice bv insolvent debtors to their creditors, pro
vides for publication of notice in gazettes.
To lay out a new county from Lowndes and
Thomas.
To collect interest on open accounts.
To lay out a new county from Stewart and Ran
dolph.
To change the time of holding the Superior Oonrt
of Glynn countv.
The House adjourned until 10 o’clock to morrow.
Milledseville, Nov. 19,1558. •
Senate. —After the usual preliminaries, Mr.
Roberts, of Cobb, moved to reconsider the loss of
a hill, on yesterday, incorporating the Bank of Ma
rietta. Contrary to expeciation the bill was recon
sidered by a large majority, without any opposi
tion. This is strange legislation; on yesterday
the majority against the bill was—yeas 38, nays
49; 11 majority against.
Third Reading of Rills. —To make uniform the
rules of criminal practice in this State. Amended
by the Judiciary committee—as amended passed.
To regulate order in which criminal cases shall
come up—passed.
To prescribe the manner of perfecting service of
scire facaia on non-residents; requiring publica
tion for thirty days in the paper in which the
Sheriff of the county in which the case is sued,
usually advertises—passed.
To alter the divorce laws of this Stale, so as to
permit any one against whom a verdict bus been
obtained, divorcing them, even a ninculo matrimo
nii, to marry again. Mr. hi taker, of Fulton,
opposed the bill. He said, arc wo sent here to
pass laws which will most assuredly inetease the
number of divorces in the State? His opinion
wus, that every guard, every protection, ought to
be thrown around this, the most sacred of all rela
tions in life. Would the legislature interfere to
cause dissensions in private families ? The re
straints now thrown around the institution of
marriage were for the protection of helpless
women and children. Should the legislature
break down the barriers erected in the wisdom
of former legislators for their protection? Hold
iout the idea to persons not exactly satisfied
with their lot, that at any time they may cause a
verdtet to be obtained against them, by doing
some act alike contrary to law and morality. It
may be that these same persons desire to tnarry
some other lady. Will we hold ont such an in
ducemeut to those inclined to commit crime ? He
hoped not. .These penalties had been attached to
divorces as a punishment to the party in fault, the
law considers that party as having committed a
crime and treats, him or her, as a criminal. Shall
we declare that to be no crime—to meet no pun
ishment, which is alike contrary to, and consider
ed criminal by the laws of God and man? Shall
Georgia follow the example of Indiana? Look at
her, she now stands a mark for the rude jest and
the cutting sarcasm of all. Do Senators desire
Georgia to occupy such a position, was the only
question ? He hoped not. Mr. Bloodworth, of
Pike, said he thought the law was a good one.
As the law now stands, a great many were com
pelled to live together, who unlike, unsuited and
ought not to live together. Again, a great many
obtained divorces and again desired to marry the
same persons; it was then necessary to come to
the legislature to obtain relief. Let them re-marry
if they desired. Every one of these bills which
came before the legislature either for permission
to re-marry or for relief from the oppression of
the law, cost the State from fifty to seventy-five
dollars. He was opposed to thjs local legislation.
He called for the \ ..as and nays. The yeas are 83,
the nays are 34—so the bill passed.
To allow Attorney’s at Law to control executions
in certain cases—laid on the table for the present,
on motion. .
To point out the rights of aliens, allowing them
to buy and sell real estate. Mr. Young, of union,
ntovwl to refer the bill toaspecial committee of three.
Mr. Dawson, of Green, opposed the motion, on the
ground that it had been before the judiciary com
mittee; and he thought it disrespect to that
committee to re-refer the bill to another. Mr.
Stubbs, of Bibb, said he, as chairman of that com
mittee, had no objections to the bill being refered
to a special committee. The judtciarv committee
did like the bill as it was framed, and’he was will
ing to let the gentleman so frame it as to meet the
views of all. Mr. Ward, of Butts, also spoke in
favor of its reference to a special committee. Mr.
Young, of Union, also stated that, before making
the motion to refer, he had consulted the Chair
man of the judiciary committee. He did not wish
to be misunderstood. The motion to refer was
then agreed to. The committee are Messrs. Young
of Union, Stubbs of Bibb, and Ward of Butts.
To limit the time of application for writs of cer
tiorai in the Justices’Courts to three months, in
stead of six months, as formerly—passed. Sever
al local bills were also passed.
To allow Ordinaries to issue fi. fag. in certain
cases, for the purpose of collecting fees—laid on
fie table for the present.
To repeal all laws allowing the Inferior Courts
to change names, create incorporations, Ac. —laid
ge the table for the present.
To alter the law in regard to carrying cases to
the Snpreme Court. This refers to the progress of
the case in the Court below—passed.
To allow the law in regard to damages and
breach of warranty in the sale of slaves—lost.
To render void all contracts of minors, except
for necessaries—passed.
To alter the iaw in regard to duties of trustees
—laid on the table for the present.
To ailew sheriffs to make titles to land in certain
cases—passed.
To fix the times of holding the elections of
Judge of the I’ataula Circuit—passed.
To change the times of holding the Superior
Conrts of the Middle Circuit—laid on the table for
the present.
To incorporate the town of Thompson, *jn the
county of Columbia —passed.
To allow the administrator of Alexander Main
ing to sell certain wild lands it pri rate sale. Mr.
Paine, of Telfair, offered a substitute making the
bill general in its provisions, allowing such rale
wheaeverthe interests of the ward Ac. shall require
it. The amendment wu agreed to, and the bill as
a mesdeff passed.
-A-XJGrXJSTA, (tA., WEDNEBDAIT, NOVEMBER o 4? 1858
Mr. Cone, of Bulloch, gave notico to the Senate
that the artist who had been employed to paint
the portrait of Gov. Clarke,had finished the work,
and was ready to place it in its appropriate posi
tion in the Senate Chamber, to do which it was
necessary lor the Senate to udjourii until half past
nine o’clock to-morrow morning. He moved that
when the Senate does adjourn,it adjourns until ti*
morrow morning at hall past nine o’clock—which
motion was agreed to.
Mr. Atkinson, of Camden, introduced a bill to
prevent the Supreme Court from deciding any
point in a case that has not arrived at final judg
ment in the court below—read first time. 7
A resolution was agreed to and transmitted to
the House, that all bills in relation to the Supreme
Court should be referred to a committee to be com
posed of the Judiciary Committees of both Houses.
A resolution was adopted inviting the Hon.
Henry R. Jackson to take a seat upon the floor.
Messrs. Colquitt, Billups, and Grifhn of Twiggs,
were appointed a committee to inform him of the
action of the Senate. Bills were then read second
time.
The Senate adjourned until half past nine o’clock
to-morrow morniug.
House. —The House met pursuant to adjourn
ment, and proceeded to business.
All bills which contemplate changing county
lines, were referred to the Committee on consoli
dation.
A resolution requesting the chairman to appoint
a committee of five to examine all applicants who
apply for leave to practice medicine, was read and
lost.
Jlills on Third Reading. —To render certain the
compensation of teachers of poor children—lost.
To provide for the appointment of a board cf,
visitors to Franklin College. The bill proposes to
allow the Governor to appoint one member of Dies
legislature from each Congressional District, who
shall receive a per diem and mileage, the same as
now allowed the members. An amendment was
offered and adopted to make their compensation
the same as that now received by the visitors tq
the Georgia Military Institute. This, and another
of the same nature in relation to Franklin College,
was made the special order for Tuesday next. j
To alter certaiu portions of the Constitution—r
special order for the 24th.
To compensate the committee from the Senate
who examined into the affairs of the Western A
Atlantic railroad, at ten dollars per day ; amended
by saying six dollars per day, and passed.
To alter the first section, thud article, of the
Constitution—referred to Judiciary Committee.
To add an additional clause to the thirteenth
section, fourth article of the Constitution—made
the special order for Tuesday next.
To incorporate the Cotton Planters’ Convention
—postponed for the present.
To refer the question of abolishing the Peniten
tiary to the people of this State—lost.
To allow compensation for the consolidated in
dex of certain books in the Surveyor General’s
office—passed.
To compensate certaiu persons for apprehending
Radford Crocket—passed.
To appropriate fifteen thousand dolle.rs to endow
Oglethorpe Medical College—luid on the table,
subject to the call of Mr. Gordon, the introducer.
To alter und amend the fiftieth section, fourteenth
division of the penal code, in relation to joint in
dictments. Mr. Wulker, of Clarke, made a few
remarks—bill passed.
To amend tiic eleventh section und fourth article
of the Constitution—lost.
To appropriate money to build a Court House in
Dade county—passed.
To amend an act to carry into effect the eighth
sccitcm and third article of the Constitution. It
relates to property, Ac., in cases of divorce—the
bill was lost: yeas’ 18, nays 101. \
To repent *ll acts In relation to the Supreme'
Court. The bill contemplates the total abolition
of the institution.
Mr. Mintz of Jackson, was neither in favor of,
nor opposed to the Court. He had promised his
constituents to introduce a bill to this effect, and
In obedience to their instructions and wishes, he
had done so.
Mr. Hardeman wished the hill postponed for the
present. The people were dissutished with the
Court, as it now stands ; hut he was not for aboli
tion but reform. The yeas and nays, on indefinite
postponement, stood : yeas 24, nays 97.
The motion for indefinite postponement being
lost, Mr. Minlz moved to postpone for future con
sideration, which was adopted.
To appropriate money for the Medical College of
Georgia; the amount asked is fifteen thousand dol
lars.
By Mr. Burton, of Richmond—lt was only jus
tice to present the claims of this College. She
was started as an experiment that sustained her
self nobly; now she stands upon a ground which
bids fair to he second to none in the Union. As a
State policy it would be wise to liberally endow
this institution, and place it beyond any contin
gency. She saves the State thousands every year
in stopping tire young men of the South here.
There is a source’of specific income to the State
every year, froth the medical profession to the
amount of twenty-live to thirty thousand dollars;
we demand the right to ask the small sum we do,
to place her on a firm basis. Mr. Milledge said
he would not detain the attention of the House
long. Those persons who have presented the
memorial accompanying this bill, are known per
sonally to many members of this House. There
is now a large judgment against the institution.
The interest on this judgment is paid from the
pockets of the professors who, without aid, will
eventually have to pay both principal and interest;
we wish to relieve them.
Many improvements have been made in the va
rious, branches of the profession, and there were
appartns, which were Deeded but could not be
purchased for want of money. It has been said
the institution has been liberally helped by the
eift of one hundred Augusta city lots ; these have
een of no use. He could not let the bill be put
upon it* passage without explaining it to the
House. Mr. Taliaferro opposed the bill. Mr.
Kenan, of Baldwin, thought enough had been
given to the college already. Why did not the
college make use of those lands given to her?
Only because of the contentions among citizens of
Augusta. The State bad given this college ten
thousand dollars already, and now she asked for
more. He was opposed to the motion in to-to; it
would break attempt to pay all of these
colleges ten thousand or lifteen thousand dollars
each. The yeas and nays were called for. The
question was called for, and, after some confusion,
the clerk read out the yeas as 54, nays Cs—so the
bill was lost.
To alter and amend the eighth section, fourth
division of the Penal Code, ft provides to pun
ish voluntary manslaughter not less than two, nor
more than twenty years—referred to judiciary
committee.
To repeal the first section, tenth division of the
Penal Code, so as to substitute a punishment of
fifty to five bundled lashes for vagrancy—laid on
the table.
To authorise aliens to receive, hold, and sell real i
estate—referred to judiciary committee.
To provide for the sale of two thirds of the stock
of the Western and Atlantic railroad, Ac. (I have
before given a synopsis of this bill;—laid on the
table for the present, the introducer being absent.
To prevent the use of any iMtin phrase in any
and all of the legislative acts of this State, and to
abolish them iD any new codification of the same—
referred to judiciary committee.
To compel all persons owning land in this State
to return such land in the county where it is locat
ed—referred to judiciary committee.
To prevent the keeping of eatiDg houses by ne
groes, or free pers< ns of color, in the town of
C.-awfordville—passed. RspoaTEß.
JSC” Xews items from the Upson Pilot, of Jfov,
16th:
Pire in Upton Ojunty. —We learn that the ware
house attached to the Wavman Factory, on Tobler
Creek, in this county, was destroyed by fire on
Wednesday morning, the 10th inst. About seven
ty-five bag* of cotton were consumed, and the
whole loss is estimated at four or five tbousand
dollars.
Post Office Bemud.—Vie. learn that the post
office formerly known a* Hootonsviile in this conn
tv, has been removed, acd fs now called the ‘'Flint
River Factory.” j
from the Federal Union. ,
Common School education. i
MiLLBDCiKTtUB, Not. 9th, 1858. 1
Mestr*. Fitters : May I ask the insertion of the
following patriotic and liberal views, of the nole
and distinguished President of Oglethorpe Uni
versity? They are worthy of the source tiom
whence they came. Respectfully,
Tnos. fe R. Conn.
T. R. R. Cobb, Esq. —My Dear S r: You ask for
a brief and summary expression of my views as
to the relation which education bears to the State
and church, respectively, and the proper basis on
which educational systems should be organised
and conducted.
These are grave questions, worthy of the pro
foundcst reflection of the patriot and the Chris
tian.
Their bearings are far reaching for time and
eternity.
Some of the principles bearing on this subject
seem to uie to be very obvious. Ilut as to the
pntcticnl details that should guide the action of
civil governments, I am looking with intense in
terest after the resultyet to flow Irom experiments,'
now’ in operation in various States of the Union.
The State aud the Church are both divinely ap
pointed ordinances—both indispensable to the well
being of mau. The State looks after the tempo
ral interests of society; the church mainly alter
its spiritual and eternal, aud subordinated, after
its temporal welfare.
The State—and especially a Republic—depends
for its happiness, upon the virtuous intelligence of
its citizens, and must therefore, ex necessitate rei
cherish education as its life’s blood. The church i
again cannot enjoy enlightened piety in her mem- '
bership unless she cultivates the minds, as well as i
die hearts of her* offspring; and she must have '
■flume authority to direct education within her own
Ibid, or she ha’s no guarantee for sound religious i
Instruction. Fatal error may sap her sacred foun- I
dations if she cannot direct the teachings of her i
Children. “ I
J. llow then shall we harmonise and reconcile the
liwo, and make them co-operate for the attainment '
4r>f the greatest good ? Here lie* the practical dis- 1
flcnlty, viz : To secure educatioh for the greatest
number and to the highest extent, and yet to guard
the Temple of Science from false teachings and 1
corrupt seutiments.
There are many districts in every State where
the church has but little power—where, from the '
fewness of church members, or their divisions as
different denominations, they cannot systematical
ly and harmoniously co-operate effectively. Here
the State must do the work of education, or leave i
it undone. Again, in the highest departments of
art and science, State endowments seem to be
called for, to secure the largest facilities for in
struction.
My conclusion, then, is, that both church and
State not only have a right, but are bound to
teacb, or to secure its being done; and that it is a
narrow an'd bigoted ultriusm to discouruge the
one or the other from the work of teaching.
Let them both act; there is abundant room for
both. I<ct neither be discouraged. There need
be no collision—no jealously—no antagonistic
movements. There has been unfounded jealousy
against denominational education in Georgia. It
is giving way before the happy results which arc
flowing from these institutions, in the elevation
of the standard of enlightenment in the ohnrches,
the increased supply of good teachers— the en
larged intelligence of the Christian ministry—the
impulse and quickening imparted to the cause of
education generally.
*; As tne churches’are aiding tho State to educate
-{■hitherto entirely without expense to the State,
Whilst church members have been amongst the
Unrest tax payers, the State Bear now, in return,
t Well amrereaelyy afford to «td rbnrch-insttlulions
and make them her agents to a very large and in
creased extent, in benefiting both church anil
State. And as the churches are Interested deepljr
in the welfare of the Slate, the vurious denomina
tions may wisely encourage their members to aid
the Stute" in doing, for the enlightenment of the
people at large, what tho denominations cannot
do as separate bodies.
Georgia has now in her hands (ho facilities for
making the most enviable educational endowment
of any State in the Union, and of becoming em
phatically the model State of ' the nation. Sow is
the golden opportunity, and if not improved, it
will depart from us, probably never to return.
And shall any citizen of Georgia, from the paltry
consideration of the few dimes or dollars to be
retained annually in his cutlers, by the lowering
of the luxes, oppose a grand educational scheme?
The man that has one spark of honorable Stute
pride, cannot be so recreant as to trifle with this
opportunity to aid in promoting the lasting glory
of his State—such a man is unworthy of the
bright heritage with which God has entrusted
him.
Let the income of the State road—as the Gov
ernor, and other noble advocates of education has
suggested—be inuinly devoted to the cause es edu
cation. Let all parties and interests unite in
building up a free school system that will guaran
ty a good education to every child in the State,
encouraging the counties respectively, by volun
tary taxation, to add to what the Treasury of the
State may give them. Lot the denomiuntional
colleges be well endowed, and give education to
undergraduates. Let all interests unite for a mag
nificent endowment of a State University, and let
all its teachings be confined to those who bring
diplomas—except in case of those who confine
their studies to a scientific course.
I do not mean by this suggestion to imply the
abandonment of the collegiate department at
Athens—but the establishment of a separate and
distinct Univeisity system. I have no prejudice
arising from the proximity of location to Franklin
College, provided the graduates from all the de
nominational colleges shall enjoy its privileges up
on an equal footing. In this connection, I would
add, that in providing for the education of
poor young men for teachers at the expense of
the State, 1 see no objection to the State giving
a preference in numbers to her own college. The
several denominational institutions are sustained
and supported bv the religious seutiments of their
respective churches. The State should foster her
owd, at the same time acknowledging the useful
ness and efficiency of the other colleges, by en
tiusting to their care also, a portion ol' the teach
ers thus to be instructed.
I will add, that after the most mature reflection
I have been enabled to give this subject,-I consid
er it important to the citizens of Georgia, that
there should be a'State college for undergraduates.
The Episcopalian, the Lutheran, the Roman Catho
lic, tile Jew, and others should not be forced to
the necessity of sending their sons beyond the
bounds of the State, or else placing them under
the care of denominational institutions to whose
tenets they may object. For while I know—from
long connection wtlu one of these colleges—that
no such interference is exercised with the religious
opinions of students, as would be objectionable to
the most fastidious, yet lam aware of tbe exis
tence of such scruples, and 1 would not put it be
yond tbe power of any parent to respect them.
The Virginia University is doing a great work,
and yet there is one sad defect in ns organization.
It encourages uneducated young men, to resort to
the teachings of its learned professors, who are
Utterly unqualified in attainments of age, to be
benefited by the lectures. Not more than one
fourth of the pupils are the better for their oppor
tunities. The remamder leave those walls nearly
as uneducated as they were when they repaired to
them, and are cut off from ever gettiug a good
education, by having been tempted to undertake I
wbai they were utterly incompetent to do.
The wisest heads and the maturest and soundest
experience are eminently called for to device a
plan of education for Georgia. Empyricism here j
should have no place.
Education should be sound and thorough, and
great puinsjtmuld be taken to secure proper mor
al and religious influence in tbe teachings impart
ed ; lor education, without religions influence,
would prove a curse rather than a blessing.
If the mam portion of the income of the State
road could be set apart to promote some judicious
system of public education, it would prove the
greatest pos-thle Messing to the State. Indeed,
tbe road can be made no exhaustions mine of
nches to the people, not only by imparting a j
General spirit of internal improvement which will j
evelop the boundless resources ot the State, but I
by pouring out its treasures to the enlightenment |
of the public mind, and giving mental power to I
the rising generation to mould wiselv the rich f
materials that God is putting into their hands for j
the promotion of His glory and the good of hu
manity. “ L
Itis an auspicious sign to see so many of our i
legislators and citizens interested deeply in the
noble cause of education, and to see our excellent ,
Governor leading the way in enlarged educational '
suggestions.
Icannot close without expressing mv high grat
ification with the views I had the pleasure of
hearing you express on Saturday night in the Rep
resentative Hall of tile State UMse. I believe Ido
not dissent from a solitary view presented by vim
on the occastou. And I feel that in common with
my fellow-citizens of Goorgta, I owe you a debt of
gratitude for yoitr noble exertions in behalf of tbo
cause of education.
I am, nty dear sir, truly, yours, .
Sam’l K. Talsiauk.
the A’ew York Journal of Commerce.
Approved by all Parties.
It is seldom that a speech upon an exciting topic
like the question of slavery meets with commend
ation front all political parties, butGor. Hammond,
of South Carolina, appears to have had the re
markable fortune to nave made snch u speech, or
at least to have won from all parties the credit of
having delivered a candid, impartial and manly
address, which is entitled to respect, if not to en
ure approval, in all sections of the country. We
have felt interested in watching the reception of
this speech, and the impression it has made in
different parts of the Union, and among men rep
resenting different political views uud so far as
our observation goes, tt is everywhere pronounced
a production of great power, and of great fairness
to all.
We expocted for this effort of Senator Hammond
a good reception among the moderate men at the
South, and of the North, and we hoped that its
self-evident truths, and its undoubted candor and
fairness, would command the respcot at least of
the uliraists in both sections of the Union. In
this tic have not beeu disappointed. While ex
ception is taken by the Charleston M*rcnru, and a
few other southern papers, to some of the posi
lions in the speech, we appreheud that these ex
ceptions ure so few and so unimportant that the
doctiines there laid down may be assumed to be I
the doctrines of the Mouth, speaking of that part I
of the confederacy as a whole, and that the dts j
settlers among the public men and the newspapers
will not amount to a formidable ahow of hostility
to this southern platform, laid down by one of the
ablest of southern statesmen.
At the North, the views of Mr. Hammond have
excited mingled feelings of surprise and of admi
ration. They have shown, not that the spirit und
temper of the Mouth is broken ; not that their peo
ple do not mean to assert and maintain their rights,
but that in asserting sod maintaining them, they
understand and appreciate their true relations to
the other sections of the Union ; that they base
their dentunds on no frivolous pretexts, and ask
for nothing to which they are not entitled under
the Constitution. They have confirmed the con
servative portion of our people, in the views they
)invo long entertained on the question of State
rights, and they have established the conviction,
already widely entertained, and by this able argu
ment rendered far more general, that there is not
such an antagonism botween tin; slave und the
free Slates us to prevent them from existing to
gether in the Union.
It is not to be supposed that, Governor Ham
mond's views will every where be endorsed, in all
their length and breadth, for thin would be im
possible; but it is fortunate, not only for the states
man who uttered them, but for the country, at
large, that they were presented in such form as to
eouim*n(t lestpijf, h b seldom tiiat..oa
southern martlets n crttraunioAringitt the
when his theme is that of slavery; and perhaps we
should add, that northern men find the saute ditii
culty in getting the ear of those in the South. Hut
Senator Hammond has been singularly fortunate
in this respect. The tone and temper of this
speech, its candor, its frank ad mission* and up
purently sincere declarations, have gained, lor it a
hearing, and a circulation throughout the country,
more general than is often accorded to a docu
ment of the same length. Tho Republican papers
are many of then) publishing it, nni ] their comments
have in most instances been such as to afford no
cause of complaint by the author or bis friends.
We are glad this question has thus been brought
to public notice. It cannot fail to lend to its bet
ter understanding ; and notwithstanding the un
fortunate address of Gov. Seward, delivered ul
most simultaneously with that of Gov. Hammond,
and which breathed a spirit so greatly in contrast
with thut of the latter gentleman, will, beyond all
question, hare a salutary influence upon the pub
lic mind. •
The foregoing has bean several days in type,
waiting room for un insertion. Meantime we meet
everywhere with additional testimonials to the
power and the wisdom of Mr. Hammond's address.
The New York Tim?* not only coincides substan
tially with the mam points in Gov. Hammond’s
speech, but actually hints thut he may have the
support of that journal for the Presidency. Is it
not rather early for the Time* to bring out its
Presidential candidate V
From lite ProviiUnce ( It. /.) pn*t, Nov. 10.
Disastrous Conflagration—The Theatre
and liowurd lllock again in Ashes.
l.ast evening, about half-pust seven o’clock, a
fire broke out in basement room in the North
west corner of Howard block, used by Messrs. An
thony, Denison k Co., as a glazier’s room.
The theatre building, adjoining Howard block
on the East side, was also entirely destroyed.
The one slnry wooden building next East of the
theatre, belonging to Walter R. Dunforth, was
badly crushed by the falling walls. Most of the
goods had been previously removed. t
Howard block was a live-story brick building,
, extending from Westminster street to Exchange
Place. There were about a dozen stores in the first
storj, some of them, however, unoccupied. Three
of the stores were occupied by G. k V. P. Hutchins,
, for the sale of gas fixtures, china, glass and crock
. ery ware. A portion of their stock was removed,
but their loss will be heavy. Their stock wus
worth about thirty thousand dollars.
W. H. k F. C. Adams, book-binders and sta
tioners, occupied another store.
Wm. 11. Hudson A Son, dealers in laces, fringes,
embroideries, Ac., occupied a corner store.
The piano forte warcroom of Albert It. Peck
was in the seednd story. We believe all but two
of his instruments were removed.
Howard Hall, by far the largest and most beau
tiful ball in tbe city, measuring about one hundred
and ten by sixty-five feet, occupied the third story,
and a large portion of the rest of the building was
occupied by Anthony, Denison A Co., manufac
turers and dealers in 'furniture.
The Theatre building was mainly unoccupied,
except the first story, which was occupied by
Strauss A Co., dealere in dry goods; Tabor A Co.,
dealers in musical merchandise; and Henry Whit
man A Co., clothiers.
The following named establishments on West
minster street, suffered great loss from water and
the hasty removal of their goods, although the lire
fortunately did not reach them :
HtAnphrev A Co., confectioners ; Charles Sisson,
confectioner; A. JJ. Curry A Son, furniture dealers;
Geo. W. Sleeper, tea store; Win. H. Low, shoe
store; George Snow, shoe store ; Richard Davis,
dry goods; and Clapp A Cory, music dealers.
Several other dealers moved their goods or put
them in a moving condition.
Howard Block and the theatre building were
both owned by Geo. A. Howard. The former was
worth eighty thousand dollars, and the latter thirty
five thousand dollars. The block was insured for
about fifty thousand dollurs, and the theatre, it is
understood, for twenty thousand dollars.
Five years ago last October, two buildings of
almost precisely similar form and construction to
those burnt last nignt were destroyed on the same
site, in the great conflagration that opened Dor
rance street.
A correspondent of tbe Washington Univ,
writing frdln Springfield, Illinois, announces tbe
very serious illness of the Hod. Thomas L. Hak
his, of that State. The writer feats that be will
n ver be able to leave bis bed ugain. T 6 his
many friends throughout the country this an
nonneement will give great pain.
VOL. O. 48.
From the Charleston Mercury, Xov. 17.
Statement of Captain Gage, of the Ketch
Brothers*
Tbe ketch Brothers cleared from Havana on the
first of July, and sailed on the morning of the
second, hound for a trading voyage to the coast of
Africa, with a crew consisting of captain, super
cargo, two passengers, three .seamen and cook.
The voyage being legal, nothing of importance oc
curred on the passage until the morning of the
eighth of September, when I made Maunroba
l’oint, on the West coast of Africa, and shortly af
ter made a sail that proved to be the United States
frigate Marion, and was boarded from the same by
Lieutenant Stone, and requested to prodace my
papers; he then wished to look at my hold, an*d
did so, and informed me that my papers were all
correct, and he would go on board of the frigate
and report to the captain; and then, if thev made
aatl, I could do the same. Shortly after the "boat re
turned with the oaptain of the frigate—he asking
me for my papers, and at the same time sent his
men into the hold, broke a case out, and hoist
ed it on deck and broke it open, and tound the
: contents of the same to be an iron cheat, and then
- informed me that he must make a seizure of mv
• vessel. The vessel was then run further in shore
■ aud brought to an anchor, and laid there for twen
' ty-four hours; during that time there was a search
r made, fore and aft, and a part of my cargo taken
• on board of the frigpte and remained there. The
■ captain was wrdereoko leave my state room, and
did ho, .having a berth in the cabiD, the super-car*
go and passengers being ordered into the hold,
there being four spare berths in tbe steerage.
Nothing of importance occurred on the passage
but hard living and petty insults, until we were
standing in off Cape Fear, when Lieutenant Stone
called me aft, and told me that if I would give
him a note, purporting that the vessel was in bad
order, her sails and rigging bad, and no Others to
replace them if they blew away, he would go into
Wilmington, and 1 refused, there being u fine,
whole sail breeze. Two days after tpe.arrived in
t’harleeton, and the rest the citizens of/Uharleston
are aware of.
■From the Lmtrick Munster Xews, Xov. 2 .
The Atlantic Cable.
The Bt*g, with seven mites of the shore end ot
Cable on board, lias m-rtvod in Valencia harbor,
and Captain Kell will, no doobt, commence th«
Wtythg of it wiihmit unnecessary delay.. There is
oue mlber dangerous reef of rock* lying about
one mile ami » half or two miles outside the
month of Valencia harbor, colled the Coastguard
Patch. On this rock there are about ton fathoms
at low water, end about twenty-six fathoms
all around it. Unfortunately, as the Agamemnon
entered the harbor, owing to the wind being un
favorable, sho was obliged to lay the cable over
this spot. It tR thought that tbe drifting of tbe
■ cable over this place might have partially caused
the injury which hua stopped the working for
so long a period. From this point it will
of course be removed and deposited in ths
most secure and level channel into the harbor.
With tlie view of discovering such a channel CapU
Kell has for the last few days been closely sound
ing every approach to the bay, both on the Valen
cia and the Lough Kay sides of the lleginish
Island. As there are already between four and five
miles of the shore end of the cable laid down, the
additional seven miles which will be added to it
by Captain Kell will render the rope quite secure
again?! injury from the wash of the tide.
It is understood that Mr. llealy, whose power
ful magnetic-electric machinea have for some time
been used at Valencia, has undertaken to superin
• tend the electric operations at Valencia for a short
■ period. If the next account* front Newfoundland
t should show that the reversals Irrttti Mr. Mealy’*
1 instruments have been received froff Valencia, no
HntAic Gently to Each Other.—“please to help
t hie it miniito, sister.”
j “O don't drstnrb me, I’m reuding,” was the an
i * iver.
“But just hold this stick, won’t you, while 1
i drive this pm through V”
, "I can’t now, I wunt to finish this story,’’ said I
- emphatically ; and mv little brother turned away
, with a disappointed look, ill search of somebody
■ else to assist him.
i Ho was a bright boy of ten years, and my only
brother. He had been visiting a young friend,
t and had seen a windmill, and us soon as he came
■ home his energies were all employed in making a
. small one ; for be was always trying to make lops,
• wheelbarrows, kites and all sorts of things, such
, as boys delight in. Ho had worked patiently all
: tho morning with saw' and jack-knife, and now it
l only needed putting together to complete it—and
his only sister had refused to assist him, and he
had gone uway with bis young heart saddened.
I thought of ail this in the fifteen minutes after
he left me, and my book gave me no pleasure. It
was not intentional unkindness, only thoughtless
ness. for I loved my brother and was generally
kind to him ; still 1 hud refused to help him. I
would have gone after him, and afforded the
assistance he needed, but 1 knew he had found
sonic one else. But 1 bad neglicted an opportunity
of gladdening a childish heart.
In half an hour they canto hounding into the
house, exclaiming, “ Come, Mary, I’ve got it up:
just see how it goes!’’ His tones were Joyous, and
’ I saw that he had forgotten my petulance, so I
determined to atone by unusual kindness. I
i went with him, and sure enough on the roof of the
- woodhouSe was fastened a miniature wind mill, and
- the arms were whirling around fast enough to sail
•ay boy. I praised the wind mill and my little
t brother’s ingenuity, and he seemed happy and
entirely forgetful of my unkindness, .ad i resolved,
t ail had many times before, to be always loving
s and gentle.
e A few days passed by, and the shadow of a great
sorrow darkened our dwelling. The joyous laugh
and noisy glee were hushed, and our merry boy
e lay in a darkened room with anxious faces around
it him, his cheeks flushed and his eyes unnaturally
e bright. Sometimes his temples would moisten
i, an a bis muscles relax, and then hope would come
;- into our hearts, and our eyes would fill with thank
, ful tears. It was in one of these deceitful calms
s in his disease that he heard the noise of bis little
wheel,and said, “I hear my wind mill!”
- “Does it make yourhead ache?” 1 asked. “Shall
we take it down?”
, "Oh no,” replied lie, “it seems as if I were out of
doors, and it makes inc feel better.”
He mused a moment, and then added : “Don’t
> you remember, Mary, that I wanted you to help me
fix it, and you was reading and told me you could
not? Hut it didn’t make any diffeience, for mam
ma helped me.”
O, how sadly those words fell upon my ear, and
what hitter memories they awakened, llow 1 re
pented, as I kissed little Prank’s forehead, that l
had ever spoken unkindly to him. Hours
of sorrow went by, and we watched his couchyt *
hope growing fainter, and fainter, and an
guish deeper, until, one week from the morning
on which he spoke of his childish sports, we
closed the eyes once so sparkling, and folded his
hands over his pulseless heart. He sleeps now in
the grave, and home is desolate: but the little
windmill, the work of his busy hands, is still
swinging in the breeze, just where be placed it,
upon the roof of the old woodshed; and every
lime I see the tiny arms revolving, I remember the
lost little Frank ; and I remember also the thought
less, the unkind words.
Brothers and sisters be kind to each other. Be
gentle, considerate, and loving.— Examiner.
I,a payettr Hall.—There are some reminis
cences, coincidences, Ac., connected with this
building, which we think deserve a passing no
tice. This house was built about the year 1823,
by Col. Seaborn Jones, and first occupied by Wm.
F. Scott, Esq. It is tbe house at which General
Lafayette put up on his visit to this place in 1825.
There was sleeping in it when it took fire, an old
gentleman who slept in it thirty-four years since,
on the first night it was ever occupied as a hotel.
On looking at an old copy of Sherwood’s Gazetteer,
we see its original cost was twenty-fire thousand
, dollare. —Federal Union, Non. 18.
An Irish lady wrote to her lover, begging him
to send her some money. She.added, byway of
l postscript: “I am so ashamed of the request I
i have made in this letter, that I sent after the post
i man td get it back, but the servant could not orer
| take him.”