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SK ccivil) (<raustitntiomil isi
BY JLIVIES GARDNER.
TUESDAY MORNING, JAN. 10.
The SontherD Field and Fireside.
We are rejoiced to knpw (as we do) that no
southern or western mail has reached our post
office, since New Year's dar, without bringing
scores of subscriptions for the Held and Fireside.
This is a good, a glorious sign. It is a sure indi.
cation that the great southern heart is in the
right place—that the sons of our own sunny
clime are appreciating home talent and home
enterprise, and are determined to sustain home
efforts in literature. We are encouraged to be
lieve, in the language of a contemporary, that our
titate will support their own literature with the
same liberality that they have manifested on the
subject of education, and press the claims of
southern authors with the same energy that they
have prosecuted internal improvements. Georgia
has proven to the rest of the world, that she has
r capacity and ability of no ordinary character, and
-a energy and perst erance adequate to their sup
port and success.
The thirty-third number of this excellent jour
nal before us, is replete with good things, suited
to varied tastes. On the first page, Indamird, the
graceful poet of Savannah, drops the tear of affec
tion for the sorrowing blit “winsome Saxon mavd,’’
telling us how “ the sweet flowre drooped in the
deadlie shade.” Then, Jons Esten Cooeb, the
talented Virginian, makes his debut in these eH
umns, by contributing a very beautifully toffli
reminiscence, entitled “ Phoebe's Wedding Night,”
in which he dreams again the rosy dreams of
youth, summoning, with magic pen, from the
misty shadow land of memory, the gracious figures
and supreme eights of earlier rears. “ The
Spectre,” by charming Elsie Earnesv, completes
the first page, and in which domestic sketch an
useful moral to the gentle sex is happily conveyed.
“A resident American” continues his interest
ing “Travels in Paris,” showing the weader the
lights and shadows of life in that celebrated me
tropolis, interspersed with running commentaries,
evincing the writer to be in possession of a philo
sophical and witty mind. “ Literary Fame,” by
IT. L. 0., is worthy of perusal, leading the reader
to hope that the critical writer (who essays to
show who will and who will not enter the temple
gates of Fame) “ shall drink in the Valhalla from
the cup of undying renown.”
We notice, also, two other poems in the present
edition —“Funeral Thoughts,” by the versatile
May Myrtle, and “Mary and I," by Anon, tioth
of these contributors have improved in style since
the volume began, and it is not at all hazardous to
predict for each a successful future. The thous
ands of lady readers of the Field and Fireside will
do well to adopt the suggestions of Katy-Did (a
favorite contributor) iu the closing paragraph of
her “Farewell to the Old Year, and Welcome to
the New, (Leap) Year.”
We have thus rapidly glauced at the original
articles in the literary department—taking no heed
of the several choice miscellanies, excerpts, etc.,
which grace every number. Among the latter may
be mentioned the glowing tributes to the memory
<.z luyiAi: recently recited by Messrs. Everett,
Longfellow and Holmes, ai a -atw of
the Historical Society. The “Personal” column is
peculiarly interesting, while the space devoted
to “Fun Fact and Philosophy,” “Chess,” “Enig
mas,” Ac., is well filled.
The limits assigned us merely allow a brief
mention of the merits of the agricultural and hor
ticultural departments. The editorials of Dr. Lee
are always read with interest and profit by the
large and intelligent class of citizens for whose
benefit they arc indited. Os themselves, they are
confessedly worth far more than the subscription
price of the journal in which they appear.
We cannot too Earnestly urge upon the southern
people the importance of sustaining this truly val
uable weekly visitor, the only one of the kind in
the South. We know of no paper that is more
deserving of success, not only because it is a home
enterprise, but it isjust such a weekly messenger
as should be found around every southern fireside.
“justice” Again.
Our correspcv-dent “Justice,” asks to be heard
again, and ar lie says that it will be his last, we
readily accede to his desire, by publishing his
communicriion.
In read’ag his remarks, we do not recognise any
“correctfon” of the points in our editorial of
Thursday. If the laws of the land allow peddlers,
by having a license, to undersell all the business
ibises in Georgia, we know of no way that it can
,'e stopped, but to prohibit peddling altogether,
as soon as legislation to that end can be accom
plished.
“Justice” refers to a matter “self-evident to the
inind of every political ecconomist.” Goes he be
lieve that Sav, Malthus, Ricardo, Cooper, and
other writers, confined their observations on polit
ical economy solely to sellers or merchants ? Are
not buyers to be regarded ? The science to-which
he refers “comprehends all the measures by which
the property and labor of citizens are directed in
ihe best manner to the success of individual in
dustry and enterprise, and to the public prosperi
ty.” This definition of political economy certain
ly includes buyers as well as sellers. If persons
prefer to buy their goods, wares or other notions,
from peddlers, auctioneers or others, “Justice”
cannot prevent it. Buyers make their purchases
where they please, and of whom they please, and
if, by doing so, some of our dealers may not re
ceive as much patronage or trade as they desire,
there 13 no way to force a different result.
“Justice” must study philosophy, and let his
political economy alone. There is a world of con
solation in the reflection, that what we are unable
to change, it is incumbent on ns to endure, and
folly to oppose.
[communicated.]
Starr House.
Hr. Editor : I was tempted to give the Starr
Hotels trial after readiug the advertisement in
the papers. It is a superb house, I assure you.
I am not disappointed imihe least. I find it quiet,
genteel, clean, and as nice as a new pin. Mrs.
Stars has neyer been known to keep any thing
but a first class hotel. Her prospects are flattering.
Her boarders, both permanent and transient, are
convinced that she has a first class hotel. May
the Starr house continue to shiue.
, Edgefield.
SrALDiNG Cocstt:—We are indebted to a friend
for the following result of the election, on Monday
last, in Spalding county:
Sheriff— Coppedge, (Am.)
Clerk of the Superior Court —o. 51. B.oodworth,
Ordinary—J. D. Stewart, (Am.)
Treasurer—W m. Hancock, (Artfc)
Tax Receiver—S. D. Hammond, (Dem.;
Tax Collector—W. U. Poweli, (Dem.)
Clerk Inferior Court—Hicks, (Dem.)
Surveyor—Buntyne, (Dem.)
Coroner—Statham, (Dem.)
Atlanta American, Jan.s.
The Peddling Act.
We respectfully call the attention of the busi
ness community to'the forty-seventh general acto.
the last Legislature, entitled “an act to levy an ex
tra tax on all goods peddled in this State, or sales
by samples or otherwise, by itinerant drummers,
or other persons, and for other purposes;” which
became a law on the 15th December, 1559. 'The
law forbids any itinerant persons to vend or sell \
any article or thing of value not manufactured in
this State.
Noah Webster defines an ‘itinerant,” to be
“one who travels from place to place, particularly
a preacher; one who is unsettled.” Therefore, a
citizen of Augusta, who goes from one store to
another, might be called an itinerant, there being
no rule defining what shall be tHe extent of the
travels.
Our judgment is, that salesmen are limited by
this law to one house in one place, and that all or
ders solicited beyond the limits of the store are
criminal. ~
There has beer, a slight disposition to -quarref
with the Legislature, for including the people of
the South, and, especially, Georgians, in an act
made to stop incendiaries; such persons
have never read, or, have forgotten the second
section of the fourth article of the Constitution of
tne\Jnite3 which provides that “the citi
zens of each State shall be entitled to all privi
ks and immunities of citizens in the several
es,” and no law can be made to discriminate
in favor of our own citizens; for unrestricted trade
is a “privilege” and exemption from taxation is cer
tainly an “immunity.”
The term “manufacture” is not qualified, save
by State boundaries, and is a term of very wide
meaning. Webster defines it thus : “The oper
ation of making cloth, wares, utensils, paper,
books, and whatever is used by man—the opera
tion of reduciug raw materials, of any kind, into a
form suitable for use, by the bauds, by art, or ma
chinery.” Now at what point does cotton cease
to be “raw material?” Is it when by the “machine
ry” of the cotton gin, it is separated from the seed
for the purpose of being “used by man” for any
purpose? If yea, then cotton ginned iu South
Carolina cannot be gold by men going from one
warehouse to another, in this city, for the purpose
of getting the best prices; for no “article or thing
of value not manufactured iu this State,” can be
sold by persons “traveling about” or “unsettled,”
“by sample or otherwise.” It may be that the
courts will decide that cotton is not “manufactur
ed” until spun or woven ; but take another in
stance.
The city of Augusta uses a great deal of wood
fur fuel; that wood when severed from the soil and
cut into cord lengths, is reduced by “the hands”
into a “form suitable for use,” from the “raw ma
terial,” and if the courts should decide on demurer
that going about the streets selling South Carolina
wood was not indictable, it would still be difficult
to make out a case of “malicious prosecution”
against a citizen of Richmond county, who might
not desire competition in that business from over
the river. Th© r««*mrk« may apulv to lum
ber or other commodities. These are extreme
cases—let ns come to something more likely to
happen. The North has always been ahead of the
South in patent articles, and even those contrived
by southern ingenuity, are generally manufac
tured in the North; therefore, all drummers and
agents for sewing machines, agricultural imple
ments, in short, all itinerant vendors of articles of
value, not manufactured in this State, must be
called in, and we publish the fact, that large firms
may take doe heed thereof, and govern themselves
accordingly, it being our duty to warn them of all
impending danger.
All tobacco wagons, jug and whisky wagons,
Ac., are stopped unless the articles vended are
“manufactured in this State.”
The law may be of use in the encouragement of
home manufactures, but what the difference is be
tween taxing an article after it gets into a State,
and raising a county “ revenue ” therefrom; and
taxing, an article by duty at the “ports” of a
State, it is rather difficult to see. (Vide Constitu
tion U. S., art. 1, sec. ix.) Hut, if the purpose of
the law was to keep northern drummers out of the
State, in order to prevent persons from tampering
with slaves, then this and all other laws for that
purpose will he failures.
If northern men want to send agents here to
hatch treason, they have got money enough in the
same treasury that paid for “ Beecher's Bibles,”
to send men here without any business. We should
sooner look for them to come as southern men, or
independent seekers for truth, even like Milton’s
Satan, who conversed with the guardian angel o
the sun, in the guise of 4 young cherub. And we
know' that northern firms always prefer southern
men of good families, as drummers, on account of
acquaintance aud personal influence.
The law, however, chiefly benefits the country
merchant, by preventing the city merchant, who
sells him goods, from competing with him at
home by peddlers. It will, no doubt, work bene
ficially in many instances; but it is a question
open to doubt, if it will not .work hardships to
southern men in still more instances, as it stops
the drummers of Charleston, Mobile and New Or
leans, as effectually as it does those of Boston and
New York.
We offer these remarks for three purposes, first,
that our citizens may not unintentionally
the law. Second, that the Inferior courts may
consider, whether under the general language of
the act, fixing the county license at “one hundred
dollars, or other sum,” they have a right to
take less than thaf sum; and if so, would
it be expedient so to do ? Third, that our legisla
tors may consider.if the law is a good one. Is it
sound Democratic policy to place restrictions of
any kind upon commerce ? Is it not better to
let trade, like water, find its ow*n level V Is the
free trade motto of our flag, limited to the ocean,
or does its sunshine bless the continent as well as
the sea ?
Alabama Democratic Convention.
The Democratic State Convention of Alabama,
meets at Montgomery on Wednesday, the 11th
instant. It is thought our Democratic friends will
have a lively time, but we trust that bur oppo
nents will be disappointed.
We are experiencing cloudy, rainy, and, as
some of our cotemporaries would express it,
“ muggy weather.” The rain descended, gently,
nearly all of yesterday, and has caused rather
muddy streets.
The gin house, together with the entire crop of
cotton of James B. Deel, in Scriven county, was
destroyed by fire last week.
To Cure Sore Throat. —Take the whites of two
eggs and beat them, with two spoonsful of white
sugar; grate in a little nutmeg, and then add a
pint of lukewarm water. Stir well, and drink
often. Repeat the prescription if necessary, and
it will cure the most obstinate case of hoarseness
in a short time. So says an exchange.
A.TJQTJSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11, 1860.
Personal.
The Atlanta (Ga.) Rational American , of Janu
ary sth, says : Hon. C. J. Jenkins, of Augusta,
passed through this city this morning, with his ;
family, en route for New Orleans, where they con
template passing the winter.
The same paper says that Mr. Floyd, the run
uer of the engine which exploded on the 3tate
road last week, died on Sunday morning last. His
remains w r ere taken to DeKalb county for inter
ment.
Hon. Judge Mason, of lowa who made himself
so popular with the inventors of the couotry while
he held the office of Commissioner of Patents, lias,
we learn, associated himself with Minn A Co., at
the Scientific American office, New York.
The Orangeburgh Southron says: There seems
to be, from what we could gather on Monday, a
very wdrm and wide-spread desire on the part of
the constituents of Col. Keitt, in this district, for
him to enter the field again for a re-election it
Congress.
The Charleston Me?cnry sa*** that Helper has
sent a splendidly bound copy of his ‘ fmpenaiog
Crisis” to Missouri Clark, with a letter, returning
that gentleman his sincere thanks for the magnifi-,
cent advertisements lie has bestowed, free of
charge, upon his book.
The Memphis Avalanche says the name of the
Hon. Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi, will be pre
sented for the consideration of the Charleston Con
vention.
Geiirit Smith has so nearly been restored to
complete health that he has returned to his home
at reterboro’, by the desire of his nearest and
dearest friends, and the approval of histyhysician.
The Charleston Mercury , of the sth inst., has the
following on the same subject: We notice that a
statement is afloat that Gerrit Smith will go to
Europe as soon as he is sufficiently restored to
health to hear the fatigue of travel. The death of
his frieud, Timothy Jenkins, will be a serious blow
to Mr. Smith. The relations of these gentlemen
as friends, client and counsel, were very intimate.
Mr. Sherman, the Republican candidate for
Speaker of the House,’is of Connecticut origin.
Ilis grandfather, Taylor Sherman, built the house
now occupied by Nathan Deers. His father, Ciias.
Sherman, was born in that house, and lived there
until his removal to Ohio, in company with a large
party of Norwalk people, who migrated to the
Connecticut Reserve, iu Ohio. Mr. Sherman
comes houestly by his Republicanism, as the
patriot blood of old Roger Sherman flows in his
veins.
A Georgia Rifle.
The Savunuah Express says : •* Wc publish the
report of the committee appointed by the Governor
to examine into the merits of different rifles, and
the reply of his Excellency thereto, and every
Georgian should be proud to learn that the best
rifle now, is an invention of our own State. We
hope our fellow-citizens, Dr. Gallagher and Mr.
Gladding, the inventors, will reap a rich reward
for all the time and labor they have expended
upon its perfection, and for having done so signa
a public good/’
MiLLEDUBTJLLK, Ga., Dec. ‘2B,
To Jl'u Krcellency Joseph L\ Brown ,
Governor of Gwyia :
Sir : Incompliance with your request conveyed
to us through Dr. M. J. Gallaher and Cupt. J. L>.
Delnnnoy, we, in the presence of several other gen
tlemen, made a trial of the respective qualities of
a breach loading rifle, invented and patented by
Dr. M. J. Gallagher and Mr. W. 11. Gladding, of
Savannah, Ga., and a Sharpe’s rifle of the latest
manufacture.
We had a trial target made of twelve thick
nesses of inch plank, with an inch space between
each, and of lour shots lired by the Gallagher
rifle with a charge of thirty-four grains of powder
and a ball weighing three hundred and eighty-six
grains, cue ball perforated nine thicknesses, two
perforated eleven thicknesses, and one penetrated
the twelfth plank.
The Sharp's rifle with sixty gratus of powder
and a ball weighing four hundred and fifty eight
grains, perforated live planks, and one, seven
planks.
A Minnie musket was also fired with a charge of
sixty-nine grains of powder, and a ball weighing
seven hundred and ten grains, and with two shots
perforated the entire twelve thicknesses, and fell
behind the target.
From this experiment we are compelled to give
the preference at once to the Gallagher rifle, as we
believe would any unprejudiced mind, for the sim
ple reason that with] a charge of little more than
*one half thatfof the Sharpe’s rifle it sent its; balls
through almost double the resistance. And when
we compare the principle of the Gallagher breech,
together with its method of priming, with that of
the Sharpe’s, the superiority of the first is so clear
ly shown, and the experiment so easily tried, that
we have no hesitation in saying that in point of
force, simplicity of consti uction, liability to get
out of order or accumulation of dirt, certainty of
tire, celerity of loading, security from accident,
and indeed in every point necessary for durability
and efficiency, the Gallagher gun is far superior to
any breech-loading arm we have ever seen.
We have the honor to be, sir,*
Very respectfully your obedient serv’ts.
Signed Eli McConnell,
• John Jones.
Executive Department, i
Milledgeville, Ga., Dec. 23. )
Bear Sir : The report made to me by General
McConnell and Captain Jones, alter a trial of your
rifle, is quite satisfactory, and I regret that you
have not such a number now manufactured us to
enable you to furnish a supply for our rifle corps
immediately. The object of the Genera! Assem
bly in making the appropriation seems to have been
to afford an early supply of arms to our volunteer
corps; and as you are not prepared to furnish
such supply within the time which seems to have
been contemplated by the Legislature, I can make
no engagement for a future supply.
As your gun is a Georgia invention, and is, 1
have no doubt, a very superior firearm, I trust our
Geueral Assembly will, at a future session, make
provision for encouraging the manufacture of this
arm within the limits of our own State. I do not
doubt that it is the true policy of the State to sup
ply herself with sufficient arms, of the very best
quality, to enable her people to meet promptly any
emergency, and to make these arms upon her own
soil.
I regret that the General Assembly did not take
prompt action for the establishment of a foundry
to manufacture arms in this State, and I hope that
another session of the General Assemby will not
adjourn without providing the necessary means
for that purpose. I have no doubt that the wish
of our people is to be fully supplied with arms,
and they would much prefer to have them made in
Georgia. p
I take pleasure in enclosing to you a copy of the
report above mentioned. Recent events have, I
think, satisfied the southern people that it is wise ,
for them to arm. I have but little confidence in
high sounding speeches and resolutions. We
must meet aggression in future by energetic pre
paration, and prompt action. ,
The Legislature which places your “ Georgia 1
Rifle,” or some other first-rate arm in the hands of
every person in the State qualified to do military ;
duty, will have done more to protect the South j
against aggressiou than has been done by all the .
resolutions~of its predecessors.
“ The argument ”is already “ exhausted.” Let -
us have no more compromises, and if the full mea- ,
sure of our rights is denied in future, letus “stand
by our arms.” *
Very respectfully, your ob’t serv’t,
Joseph E. Brown.
Dr. U. J. Gallagher,
J. D. Delanoy, Esq. 1
Tlie Press.
Daniel M. Satrb, Esq., has assumed the propri
etorship and editorial responsibilities of the Tus
keegee (Ala.) Rt publican.
The Montgomery (Ala.) Mad has established an
agricultural departtient, with the beading of
“ Husbandman and under the editorial
mmigement of Robert Nelson, A. M.
find the following in the Atlanta (Ga.) JS/a
ll&ick American of Jan sth :
- Y«jp Arrangement*-- We have pleasure in stating
tbatfre have entered into an arrangement with
WmiG. Whidby, Esq., formerely of the Angnsta
fivemng Dugxitc/t, but more recently of the Ttm
perakce Crusader of this city, by which he will, for
aomt months to come, be associated with this jour
nals-his principal business being that of out-door
cU k, and the getting up of local items. He is
an lorised to solicit and receipt for subscriptions,
t»d ertisements and job work. We commend him,
thttioumul in behalf of which he labors, to
to kiaaly regards of our patrons, friends and the
pi die.
(A !Wuiif. ia £ latu * a * e our cofem P orttr J on tbisacces
l ‘•‘ls* editorial corps, and hope it may be
j nA'aißt and agreeable to i|ll concerned.
i communicated.]
J/a. Editor; Piease allow me to u*uke one or
two Corrections upon your editorial comments on
“ Jttftice,” in your paper of the sth inst. I wish
oiillj to state my true position in the premises. I do
not say that the sales of two auction houses in this
city, in particular, will immediately result in ruin
to the mercantile interests ot Augusta; but I al
ludento its conduct all over the South, as well as in
this city, as a material injury, eventuating in the
destruction of legitimate trade; that, us conduct
ed, 1 is not just Toward the regular merchant, for
varips reasons, self-evident to the mind of every
poliMeal economist. As to over-estimating the im
portance and business, of our auction houses, we
whoaro the suflerens, know more about their trans
act ifins, generally, through the South, than those
not engaged in trade. For instance, if we are to
stay here and bear the burthens of the expense of
the summer trade, only to be the catspaws of itin
erants, whp come during evet*y business season or
public occasion, and sell ten thousand dollars
worth of goods in tix weeks, be they good or
bad, aud take the money all away, except
about three hundred dollars of it, byway
of commissions, you can readily perceive that
our locality is not benefitted ; and that the local
merchants in that department of trade must suffer
a corresponding diminution of their business. For
when the supply exceeds the demand, a corres
ponding depression iu trade tukes place; and when
the demand is supplied, be the article good or bad,
no more will be wanted that season. Justice ad
mitathat the law allows peddling, on condiiiou the
tax U paid. Dot he can show that the tax which
ought to be paid according to law is frequently eva
ded. He knows that peddlers have come to Geor
gia, paid the auctioneer his three per cent., and
were told to take their samples and sell all over
the city—as a deputy or clerk for the time being.
And in common with a large mujority of gentle
men in trade here,he desiresjsome ordinances pass
ed similar to those of Mobile.
He has never objected to a strictly legitimate
auction business, but he claims that as conducted,
it is not legitimate, and a great injury to residents.
Therefore, it to call the attention of the
people to this subject, iu order that if the laws csm
uot protect merchants who ure identified with me
interests of this country from the inroads of itin
erant-". such be enacted as soon us possible, and the
officers pf the city be urged by the authorities to
see that they are enforced. I claim nothing
like personality in these articles ; but in common
with others who feel the injustice of the present
that concerning which we are
well informed by practical experience. And
there dou’t appear to be but too parties in the na
tional councils—Black Republican and Democratic
—so lam for my own people, against all the itine
rant pedlders in creation, and we desire to see uhat
our Council can do. On our side we have nothing
more to sav. m Justice.
[COMMI NICATKD.]
The North and the South—Southern In
dependence—-No. 3.
We have now to enquire, why it is, that we are
not only not independent, but are really dependent,
as a people, on others, for a supply of our daily
wants, as well as the means of defence ?
Before considering this, let \u see how far the
North is dependent on us. There are those who
think, that without our cotton the North could
not prosper—and that all her industrial interests
would be paralyzed. This is true to the extent,
that cotton enters into, and sustains them.
It concerns her manufactures of cotton, her
commerce, and her banking operations. These
vitally coucern her great trading cities. It will be
found, however, that of the vast produces of north
ern labor, sold and in the United States, only a
small part is made of cotton. The remainder
would still be made, to a very great extent, if we
made no cotton. They consume, annually, about
six bundled thousand cotton bales—they employ
about seventy-eight thousand uine hundred and
thirteen hands—men, women, and children. This
cotton, after passiug through their hands, is re
turned :o the consumers with twenty-five millions
dollars worth of their labor and capital added to it.
The North and South are mutual customers, as re
gards cotton, only, and it is quite as essential to
the planter, to make and sell cotton, as it is to the
manufacturer to buy and use it; and it so happens,
that these manufacturers purchase at pleasure,
whilst they virtually, and indirectly, compel us,
both to sell cotton to, and buy goods of them—
thu3 establishing their independence of us. But
more of this when we come to consider, “whal is
he remedy V*
Let us now consider “why it is” that we are de
pendent? The answer to ibis question is simple
and easy. The mere statement of the facts involv
ed in tile first proposition furnishes it. It is two
fold.
Ist. The Norih produces what we want, and
habitually supplies us.
2d. By the results and power of legislation, the
North compels the South to go to her, and buy the
supplies of her, and not of another.
3d. The South does nothing to supply her own
wants.
That the first is true, everv merchant who looks
at his goods will say yes. Every individual, what
ever may be bis or her age, sex, color, or pursuit,
who looks at what is worn or used, must, after
considering, say yes.
The second is true. Almost without exception,
the South goes to the North to buy goods. The
northern manufacturer does not come South to buy
his raw material. If he sends his agent, it is be
cause he can have his expenses paid, by selling
his northern prints at a premium, or by the pur
chase of southern funds at a discount.
The southern merchant goes there, as a matter of
compulsion, since interest binds him to do it.
This compulsion of interest is the result of the
power of legislation in Congress. By this power,
foreign products, made and offered cheaper, arc
taxed until their prices, augmented by such tax
ation, can only be afforded to the southern mer
chant, at a higher rate than they are produced und
sold at by the North.
The mode by which this majority power in Con
gress is on all occasions secured,' and the right
fulness o£4his power, need not here be discussed. <
The fact is ail we now have to consider.
That some northern products, both in quality ’
and price,* have, at length, superceded all foreign 1
products of like kind, does not vary the truth, as ’
stated.
3d. The South doe 3 nothing to supply her own I
wants. This proposition will be considered in our 1
next Respect fully, Mark A. Cooper. I
The North and South—Southern Inde
pendence.—No. 4*
The South produces nothing to supply her own ,
wants. A moment's reflection will demonstrate
this truth. True, the South makes much cotton,
and wants but little of it, except as a means of
buyiDg what she most wants. One article, she
wants habitually, or thinks she does—negroes.
These, instead of supplying her wants, seem to
multiply them daily. She now supplies herself
with bread and meat, also tobacco and rice ; but
as we hare seen, these articles, important as they
are, are comparatively small, in the great invoice
of her wauts, as supplied to her by the North, from
products of northern labor and capital.
The South makes a little osnaburg and shirting
but does not approximate a supply. The amount
of cotton goods made at the North may now
be estimated at sixty-tive million dollars worth.
There we go for our supply. So it is with iron,
steel, and other metals, and products made of these.
Such is the case with the manufacturers of wood,
from a shoe peg, clothespin, dipper handle, or a
broomstick, to a steamship. All that might be
named, are made and sold to us by the North.
Yes, we have the soil, the climate, the timber, the
oak, hickory, ash, pine, walnut, maple, cypress
and cedar, in richest profusion—we have Capital
and labor, and more water power than they have,
and yet they take our raw material there, and,
combining their labor and capital on it, double its
cost, and return it to us, charging os to their labor,
interest on their freight, and charges
back and forth. This tfsey do, b*ung alßthc time
employed, whilst we are content to pay for and uso
the articles, stunding idle or gazing at the wonders
of the North, quieted by the flattery they plaster
on, by telling us what a great matter cotton is.
What is true of the manufacture of wood, is also
true concerning those of »***#, of leather, and
other material. The sagacity of the North has
ferretted out our every want, in every department
of life. It has stimulated and created them where
they did not exist, to create a demand for their la
bor. where was none.
Northern enterprise and industry have supplied
all our wants, real and imaginary* actual and ac
quired. {Those which are prompted by our necessi
ties, as well as those which are suggested and spring
by the cunning of the North.
The wise statesmanship of the North, overriding
law aud justice, compels to buy of them what
they have to sell, pricing the articles sold to suit
themselves.
The South has the politicians. These by sutler
ence, are permitted to feed on “five loaves and two
little fishes,” as chance may give them a bite.
With these the politicians are content. This they
are permitted to do, since it is known by the North
that the “loaves and the fishes” are paid for hv the
South. To make us all more abundantly satisfied
they laudjour cotton and tell us how great it makes
us. They know that all our cottou used by them, is us
one to fifteen compared to what they produce—
that our whole crop of cotton, is as one to four,
compared to what they make. They know, too,
that they cease not their products, until they there
by pay for and control the cotton.
They have the purpose to dare, and the will to
execute. We have the fire and the chivalry.
They have the power of legislation, the army and
navy, the purse, the swora and the Union.
We liuve the climate, the soil, and the negroes
to make the cotton, tobacco, and rice. They con
trol these through our wants; whilst they teach
us the moral involved in the slave products, advis
ing us that in due time we must yield the poicer
to produce our cotton, tobacco, and rice, since they
claim to decide where we shall take it, and on
w hat territory we may hold it.
> lie that hath “ an eye to see” can perceive that
• we are a dependent people, because we have wauts
» that are supplied by others.
The plaufer who makes a yearly crop of one
; hundred bales, and nays out the procaeds to swpnly j
i a family of nonproducera, with articles made toy,
; and bought of another, is dependent on him that*
i supplies him.
The southern cotton planters, the propi ietors of
the South, with all its nonproducing consumers,
a nation hearing this relation to the North.
It is iuiu to cn*t oorftliw \nd«vuadum. It i* u
fatal delusion.
“ What is the remedy ?”
This third and last question we will unswer in
our next. Respectfully,
Mark A. Cooper.
From the Atlanta American.
Correspondence.
Mas. Mary E. Bryan ; The undersigned,
citizens of Atlanta, learn with sincere regret
of your intended removal from our city ; and
beg your acceptance of the accompanying
Writing Uesk, as a slight testimonial of our re
spect for one who, as a true woman, and graceful
writer, is un ornament to southern literature
S. Hoot, Rev. R. 13. Lester,
W. F. Westmoreland, Rev. J. T. Clarke,
Luther J. Glenn, Rev. J. L. Rogers,
A. A. Gaul ding, Rev. L. Lawshe,
J. N. Beach, C. R. Hanleiter,
E. E. Rawson, George Cook,
M. Cole, G. B. Hay good,
J. Jr., A. S. Tally,
W. Herring, Er. Lawshe,
James Purtell. James Ormond,
M. F. Durand, Thomas L. Cooper.
L. S. Salmons, 11. M. Wiley,
John 11. Seals.
Gentlemen: It is with sincere pleasure that I
accept this elegant gift you have so kindly and
gracefully tendered. Independent of its beauty,
it has, for me, a rare value, as a testimonial of the
esteem with which you houor me, and it shall ever
be treasured among the gifts,
“ Which are the beads of Memory’s rosary.
Whereon she reckons kind remembrances
Os friends and old affections."
The best wishes of a heart that is deeply sensible
of your kindness, I leave with you, iu the city
where, for the past year, I have found a pleasant
home. May the good wishes of many others of
my co-laborers and successors, whom you may
hereafter cheer by your encouragement, be like
flowers in 3 our path.
Once more, permit me to thank you, gentlemen,
for this valued token of your interest and esteem.
It remains for me now to endeavor to deserve vour
kindness, by writing upon this beautiful desk no
line
" Which, tlyiny, 1 may wish to Mot."
Respectfully, and trulv,
Mart E. Bryan-.
Statu Conventions.—The following table em
braces Ibe time and places for holding the State
Conventions which nave been designated up to
the present time :
democratic.
Stalt •>. t ‘/uee.
Illinois, Springfield, Jan. 4.
Ohio, Columbus, Jan. 5.
Kentucky, Frankfort, Jan. 9.
Indiana, Indianapolis, Jail. 11.
Georgia, Milledgeville, Mar. 8.
Alabama, Montgomery, Jan. 11.
Minnesota, St. Paul, Jan. 12.
Virginia, Richmond, Feb. 16.
lowa, Desmoines, Feb. 22.
Michigan, Detroit, Feb. 22.
Pennsylvania, Reading, Mar. 2.
Texas, Houston, April 2.
Missouri, Jefferson, April 9.
republican.
Rhode Island,- Providence, Jan. 4.
lowa, Desmoines. Jan. 13
Singular and Melancholy.—On last Thursdav
rnormng, as a little son of Mr. Elter, (a resident
of this place,) aged about twenty-six months, was
playing in the yard, he was attacked bv a hoe lhat
was allowed the range of the place, and which ran
fc:s lusk through the child’s right eye. When we
last heard from him the child was perfectly blind
in both eyes, the left one front sympathy with the
right; but it is to be hoped that he will not lose
the sight of both.
Parents will never, perhaps, be sufficiently care
ful of their children. The little ones are subject
to thousands of accidents that are not likely to i
befall persons of a larger growth, and therefore ,
require the utmost care und attention.
In this case we deep v sympathise with the af
flicted parents, and u ust that the little sufferer
may speedily be restored to health with the least 1
amount possible of bodily injury. 1
Tuskegce (Ala.) lirpuUiaia, -Jan. o. 1
VOL. 39-IN O. 3.
by Telegraph.
Four Days Later from Europe.
ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP
BOHEMIAN.
COTTON DULL, AND DECLINING.
SALES THREE DAYS 16,000 BALES.
Manchester Advices Unfavorable !
Portland, Me., Jan. s.—Midnight.—The steam
ohip Bohemian, Capt. W. Granger, has arrived
with Liverpool advices to Wednesday, Dec. 21.
, Commercial News.
Liverpool, Dec. 21.—The sales of cntun for the
past three business days reach 16/000 bales, of
which speculators and exporters took 2,000 bales.
The market closed dull and declining, with easier
prices, but unchanged quotations.
State of 'Dade.— The business in the manufac
tiiriugdistricts was unfavorable and dull, and in
somcases lower prices had been submitted to.
Liverpool General Market*.— Breadstuff’s were
steady, and wheat was advancing. Provisions
were general! v quiet but steady. Sugar was stea
dy. Rice quiet. Rosin was firm and holders were
demandingan advance to 4s 3d. Spirits of Tur
pentine was steady at 345.
London Market.— Rice was firm and all qualities
had slightly improved.
Lmdou Money Market. —American securities
continued steady, aud money was unchanged.
Consols closed at 95% a 95% ex-dividend for ac
count.
Liverpool, Dec. 22.—P. M. —By telegraph to
Queenstown. —Sales of cotton for the past two days
11,00'.» bales, nearly all of which was taken by the
trade. The market closed dull, with %d decline
on the business of the week.
Loudon , Dec. 22.—P. M.— By telegraph to Queen s
town, —Consols closed at 95% a 95%.
SECOND DISPATCH.
Portland , Me., Ban. 6.—The Spanish forces littve
been concentratod at Ceuta, aud are still acting
on the defensive.
The reported abdication of the Emperor of Aus*
tria is unfounded.
Uusin has considerably advanced at Liverpool,
aud the latest quotations were ss. Id.
A large fleet of cotton ships arrived at Liverpool
on Thursday, the 22d December.
General News.
‘.The steamship Africa, which left New York fur
Liverpool, on the 7th Dec., bad reached Liverpool
i The Continental Congress was anuounced to
- meet on the 2<_‘»h December.
Political affairs are growing threatening in
Hungary.
The news by this arrival is generally unimpor
tant.
• A Cotton Ship Uurut at Sea.
New York, Jan. 6.—lntelligence has been re
ceived, by the arrival at Portland of the Bohem
iau, of the destruction by fire, at sea, of the ship
Win. Stetson, of Mobile, bouud to Liverpool.
The crew of the ship Wtn. Stetson were all
saved.
Democrats aud Americans.
Washington, Jun. 6.—There was evidently a
better feeling on yesterday betweun the Ameri
cans aud Democrats. There are faint hopes of a
• combination between those pat ties against the Re
publicans.
Death of a Catholic HHhop.
Philadelphia, Jan. o.—Bishop Newman, of the
Catholic Church, fell dead in the street oa yester
day, by a disease of the heart.
Deduction of the French Tariff.
New York, Jan. 6.—lt was reported in Liver
pool, at the sailing of the Bohemian, that a reduc
tion of the French tarifl was in contemplation,
and that the reduction would be principally confin
ed to cotton.
Weather in Europe.
New York, Jan. o.—The news lrom Europe
states that the weather in England and France has
beeu very severe, but had moderated.
Congressional.
Washington, Jan. 6.—The Senate was uot in
session to-day.
In the House, Mr. Miles, of South Carolina,
made a speech, sh ;wiug that the Anti-Lecompton
ites are to blame for ti e non-organization of the
House. He proposed to elect u temporary Speak
er, in order to pass the necessary appropriations ;
and also that members resign theia seats, thus
throwing the questions ot the day before the peo
ple. A ballot was bad for Speaker—one hundred
and twelve votes being necessary to a choice—
with the following result :
McCleknand 57
BoCOCK
Rest scattering. **
House adjourned.
Later from Texas.
New Orleans, Jan. 6. —The steamship Indiano
la arrived here to-day with Brownsville dates to
the 2nd inst.
Cortixas, with four hundred men, took Rio
Grande city, on the 24th till., killing a large num
ber of the citizens.
The troops and rangers from Brownsville, at
tacked Cortixas, and after a bard fight recaptured
the city, taking Cgutixas* guns, and killing sixty
of the Mexicans. There were nine Americans kill
ed and sixteen wouuded, including Capt. Ford,
who led the attack.
Cortixas has fled across the river.
Ohio Democratic Slate Convention.
Columbus, Ohio, Jan. C.—The Democratic Con- (
vention, which assembled here yesterday, adopted
resolutions in favor of lion. S. A. Douglas for the
Presidency, and instructing the delegates to the
National Convention to vote for him.
Hopes of an Organization.
Washington’, Jan. o.—The Democratic members
of the House of Representatives, are hopeful of
an organization next week, by the aid Qf the Ame
rican andanti-Lecomptonite members.
The English and Americans rarely bathe thei
horses, but in Prussia it is the custom to attach
the cavalry barracks a capacious basin for sw'
ir.ing the horses in.