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anthelmintic qualities. The wood of
the large trees, though coarse-grained,
is prettily veined, and we have seen ;
cabinet work made of it, that would
compare in beauty with Maple and
other favorite woods, t
10. >S 'oaj) Berry (Sapiudus Margin
atus.)~A tree of moderate size, con
fined to the maritime districts of South
Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and
westward along the Gulf; with com
pound leaves, and small white flowers.
The berries, which are round, and
about the size of a bullet, have a juicy
pulp, which is held in high repute for
washing woolen clothes- The kernel
contains oil, but we have never heard
of its being utilized.
11. Black Gum — Tupelo (Xyssa
Aquatiea.)—This is a moderate sized
tree, growing in shallow ponds and
swamps, and remarkable for the thick
ened base, (especially in the younger
trees,) which gradually tapers upwards
into the trunk. The wood is very tough
and tenacious, soft and easily cut, and
when dry, remarkably light, and is
used for a variety of purposes, such as
tray-bowls, spoons, *fce. The roots are
large, and are more spongy and soft
than the trunk, and are often used as
substitute for corks and floaters for
seines. This quality of the wood and
root is possessed by the two following
species, also:
12. Swamp Tupelo Qs,. Uniflora.) —
A tree of much larger size, growing in
deep wet swamps, with a trunk ten feet
or more in diameter, and bearing dark
blue berries about an inch long. The
wood of this species is much prized for
its lightness and tenacity.
13. Highland 'Tupelo (X. Multi
flora.) —This species (sometimes also
called Black Gum,) is more confined to
high grounds, and forms a moderate
tree, of good shape.
14. Ogeechee Lime (X. Capitata.)—
A small tree, confined to the seaboard
of South Carolina, Georgia and Flori
da. Bears a large, red, subacid fruit,
much esteemed for preserves and jams.
I Buck Bye, or Horse Chestnut
(./Esculus Glabra.) —This, the largest
of the Buck-Eyes, is found only .as far
_sQ|lth as Tennessee, and ranges north
wardly and westwaijdly. It is exten
sively used as an ornamental tree.
16. Yellow Buck-Eye (JE. Flava.)
—This is also a large tree, sixty to
eighty feet high, with clusters of yel
low or reddish flowers, and of tine
form and proportion. It is more com
mon in the Western States, and only
approaches the Atlantic States along
the mountain ranges.
17. Bed Buck-Eye ((F). Pavia,) is
more of a shrub, or small tree, and
ranges through the Southern country.
Blooms in early spring, with large, dull
red flowers. The root of this species
is used for washing woolen clothes.
18. Bed Maple (Acer liubrum). —
The Maples are most of them fine
shade trees and ornamental for lawns.
The lied Maple is one of the first trees
in bloom in spring, and, with its bright
red flowers, gives a cheerful aspect. In
early autumn, the brilliant hue of its
crimson foliage adds another charm
to the landscape. In rich damp soils,
it attains a large size, though less here
than further North.
The wood is fine-grained, hard and
compact. In old trees, * where the
annual layers are much distorted, it
fttmishes the wood known as “Curled
Maple,” and “Bird's-eye Maple,” so
much used for cabinet work, furniture,
and the Interior work of railroad
cars, <fec.
10. Silver Maple (A. Dasycarpum.)
—This Maple ranges from Florida
northward, but is a much rarer tree
than the former. The leaves, with their
bright green above, and silvery white
ness beneath, make it a conspicuous
object.
20. Sugar Maple (A- Saccharinum.)
—This, besides its useful qualities as a
sugar-yielding tree, is the largest and
most symmetrical of the Maples. It
has a regular, compact head, and is
well adapted for ornamental purposes.
It ranges from extreme North to Geor
gia, but Is rare below the mountains.
21. Striped Maple (A. Pennsylva
nieam.) —This, with the following,
22. Mountain Maple (A. Spicatum,)
are both smaller trees or shrubs, ex
tending from extreme North to the
mountains of Georgia and the Caroli
nas.
23. Ash-Leaved Maple (Negundo
Aeeroides.) —This, in the West, is
BANNER OF THE SOUTH AND PLANTERS’ JOURNAL.
known as the “ Box Elder,” It is a
favorite ornamental tree, with leaves
like the Ash, and fruit like the Maple.
It makes a handsome tree, about twenty
to thirty feet high, with graceful fo
liage and clusters of pendent fruit;
trunk and branches smooth and light
green.
This tree has a greater range than
perhaps any other on the continent
From Florida to Pennsylvania, and
westward to Missouri, and as far North
as the 54th parallel—in the Valley of
the Rocky Mountains from New Mexi
co northward—in Utah and California.
24. Locust (ItobiniaPseudacacia.) —
This highly ornamental tree, with
compound leaves and large clusters of
white flowers, extends from Pennsyl
vania southwardly along the Atlantic
States, and out westwardly, attaining a
| height of forty to sixty feet. When
grown in rich dampish soil, it forms a
fine over arching head, with drooping
limbs.
The wood is very hard and durable,
especially the variety with red heart,
and is used for posts and fencing, and
also in naval architecture and cabinet j
work, capable of receiving a high
polish.
23. Clammy Locust (R. Viscosa.)
—A smaller tree than the preceding,
i but more showy, with its pendulous
racemes of rose-colored flowers, and
| more numerous and smaller leaves. It
I is not so common, being more confined
| to the banks of mountain streams,in
j Georgia and the Carolinas.
The wood of this species is also val- j
| uable, being hard and durable.
| 26. Honey Locust (Gleditschia Tri- j
. acanthos.) —A tree of good size, from
forty to fifty feet high, and well pro
; portioned. The large purple pods, of
a foot in length, contain a sweet pulp,
|to which it owes its name Ranges
from the Middle States to Florida, and
westward to the Mississippi, but no
where very abundant.
27. One-Seeded Locust (G. Monos
perma.)—This is a smaller tree, with
short one-seeded pods, and confined
mostly to the deep river swamps of the
Southern States.
28. Bed Bad, or .kudus Tree (Cer-
I cis Canadensis.) —A moderate sized
j tree, and much of a favorite in shrub
beries for its early blooming, (before
; the leaves expand,) and the profusion of
its rose-colored flowers. The clusters|
j of llatish legumes hang on the tree
until the following Winter. Common
to all the States.
29. Blum (Primus Americana.) —
This species andP. Umbellata are small
sized trees, and quite conspicuous iu
open grounds for the profusion of white
flowers in early' spring. The fruit of
this species varies very much, even in
the woods—red or yellowish in color,
j with a thick, tough skin, most generally
too austere to be palatable, but some
times of good flavor, with a pleasant
| aroma. The thick skin and fleshy pulp
i make it admirable for preserves and
jams. I believe some of our improved
native varieties are from this species.
The Chickasaw Plum is well known
; everywhere, and this also has such a
I strong tendency to vary in its fruit,
j that it merits attention as a fruit to be
: improved by selection and cultivation,
j 30. Wild Cherry (Cerasus Sero
j tina.) —This fine tree, growing from
5 thirty to sixty feet high, is widely dif
fused through the United States, but
s not veiy abundant anywhere in the
: forests. It is of fine proportion, and
makes a stately, symmetrical tree.
The clusters of white flowers in
Spring, and its dense, glossy leaves,
make it a favorite about dwellings.—
The frait varies very much—about the
size of a large buckshot, dark purple, I
with pleasant vinous flavor, and some
times very palatable. Foamerly, when
domestic spirits was not so heavily
taxed, “ cherry bounce ” was a favorire
and common cordial in domestic house
keeping.
The bark is a valuable tonic, and is
used either as an infusion or an extract
with alcohol. The wood is of a red
tint, fine-grained and compact, and is
often used for cabinet work, about
equalling Mahogany in coldr and
grain.
31. Hawthorn (Crataegus.)—There
are eleven species of Haw indigenous
to the Southern States. They are all
small sized trees, or shrubs, the largest j
not growing over twelve or fifteen feet.
Those with compound and many- j
flowered corymbs are extremely hand-j
some iu early spring, by their profusion
of snowy white flowers, and deserve a
place in alFornamental grounds.
From their well branched habit, and
stout, strong thorns, some of the spe
cies are well adapted to hedges, like
the European Hawthorn. For this
purpose, C. Crus-galli is, perhaps, tiie
best. Shine of the species bear an
edible fruit, fri m which a fruit jelly is
made equal to the Guava.
32. Service Berry, or Wiki Cur
rant (Araelanchier Canadensis.) —This
species extends all over the United
States, and varies from a tree twenty
feet high and upwards, on the rich
mountain sides, to a mere shrub in the
branches ot the Middle and seaboard
districts of the Southern States. It is
one of the first things to bloom in
Spring, and may be seen at a distance
in the open woods, with its clusters of:
long, pendulous white flowers. The
red clustered fruit, ripening in May and j
June, is sweet and juicy, very palata- ‘
ble, with a pleasant sub acid flavor.—
The shrubby variety has been culti- j
vated here as “Wild Currant,” and is
deserving of more cultivation. Ripe
ning early in Spring, it comes in before
the larger Summer fruits, and may, by j
cultivation and careful selection, be j
made a valuable acquisition to our
small fruits.
33. Crab Apple (Pyrus Coronaria.)
—Wc have two species of American
Crabs. This, the broad-leaved, extends
North to New York,and West beyond
the Mississippi, and southerly along
our mountain region, growing about
fifteen or twenty feet high, with regu
lar, well branched head. The flowers
are large, rose-colored, and of great
beauty and fragrance.
34. Narrow-Leaved Crab (P. Au
gustifolia.)—This species extends to
the Middle States, and couth ward to
Florida and the Mississippi. It is about
the size of the other, with narrower
leaves, and the flowers richly colored
and highly perfumed. The fruit of
both kinds is bitter and unfit for eat
ing, but may be made into preserves
and jellies by proper treatment.
33. Mountain Ash (P. Americana.)
| This highly ornamental tree is less
| known at the South than be.
I It is prized further North St an sequi
| sition to the shrubbery, for its pretty
| foliage and ornamental clusters ot scar
' let berries in Autumn and Winter.—
; Its range is from the extreme Northern
| States to the mountains of North Caro
lina, attaining a size in favorable situa
tions of fifteen to twenty feet, but
often a mere shrub. In habit and
appearance it is unlike the other two
species.]:
36. Sweet Gum (Liquidambar.)—
The Sweet Gum is diffused all over the
United States, and as far South as
Mexico. It is a stately, well propor
tioned tree, from forty to sixty feet
high, and well worthy of a place in
lawns and open grounds. \Ve have
not many forest trees that, for beauty
of form and rapidity of growth, can
surpass it. The wood is compact,
tough and s*>lid, and of great strength
and tenacity, but not dumb e when
exposed to the weather. The leaves
are somewhat aromatic, and are occa
sionally used medicinally. In Autumn,
the dying foliage changing to crimson,
makes it a conspicuous object.
37. Eersimnion (Diospyros Virgin
iana.) —Common all over the United
States. The fruit of the tree varies so
much in the wild-state as to suggest a
capacity for improvement. It certainly
furnishes a much more promising start
ing point than either the Wild Apple
or Pear. We find them varying in the
time of ripening, in the color, size and
quality of the fruit. By a selection of
the best, and the careful cultivation of
seeds, W'e may produce a fruit of much
excellence. There is a Japan species
which is said to produce a delicious
fruit.
38. Catalpa (Catalpa.)—A native of
the Southern and Western States, but
not common, except in cultivation,
about dwellings. It is a tree of mode
rate size and full, symmetrical head.
i The large heart shaped leaves and mon
| strous clusters of variegated colored
flowers, in Spring, make it an attractive
| object; and the long pendulous pod (a
foot in length ) hangs on until the
following "Winter.
i V
i 39. Ash (Fraxinus.) —There are five
Southern species of Ash, some of them
| large trees, and all more or less orna
mental, or useful for their timber. 1
40. White Ash (Fraxinus Ameri- i
cana.) —This, the largest of the species,
is generally diffused throughout the
United States, becoming a tree fifty to
eighty feet high, with a trunk two to
three feet wide, of regular shape and
good proportions. The bark is of a
grayish hue, with limbs and young
shoots greenish gray. The wood is a
pale white, compact, tough and elastic,
and much used by carriage makers,
wheelwrights, ship-carpenters, <fce.
41. Blue Ash (F. Quadrangulata.)—
This, also a large tree, with wood simi
lar to the preceding, does not extend
South of Tennessee, and from thence
ranges North.
42. Water Ash (F. Platycarpa.)
43. Bed Ash (F. Pubescent*.)
44. Green Ash (F. Viridis.)
These are smaller trees, but are all
useful for their wood, as well as orna
mental.
43. Mulberry (Morus Rubra.) —Well
known throughout the whole country,
but most abundant, in the Western
States. It is generally found in rich,
shaded woods, growing with other
trees which like a good soil. In favora
ble situations it attains a large size, with
trunk two to three feet in diameter,
and large rounded head. It is one of
those domesticated trees that find a
place about almost every homestead,
cultivated and encouraged* for the
abundant crops of fruit, grateful alike
to the owner and his stock, poultry,
tfcc. The fruit varies much in size,
flavor and color; and improved varie
ties have already been propagated.
The heart wood is yellowish, of good,
compact grain, and is durable. The
I leaves of this species an be used for
rearing silk worms, as we know by ex
j perienee, but the M. Multic.aules has
I more tender leaves, and is the kind
| most preferred for that purpose.
The Bajrer , or Chinese Mulberry,
so common about yards, is an exotic
from the East. It niakesa rapid growth
and forms a fine shade tree, but be
j comes a nuisance from the number of
, slioots which springs lip its rambling
succulent roots. H. W. R.
Aiken, S C.
NOTES BV EDITOR F. AND G.
* Ear-Learned Magnolia (M. Auriculata.) —
A scarce variety. Tree seldom growing
awSvc twenty feet iu height; it is occa
sionally found In nfcD, moist woods in Mid
dle Georgia. This species prodtitieVHnrtfiu
sized flowers, with a peculiar pleasant fra
grance, differing in this peculiarity from
most of the oilier deciduous Magnolias,
whose flowers often emit an unpleasant
odor, especially the Tripetala or Umbrella,
whose flowers are of a particularly offensive
smell.
t Texas Umbrella Tree. —This remarkable
variety of the Melia was found on the
grounds of President Burnett, at San Ja
cinto Bay, Texas. The growth differs from
tlte common variety in assuming a dense,
spreading head, bearing much resemblance
to an immense spread umbrella. This
seems to be more than a mere sport, as
j the peculiar growth is reproduced in all tlte
j seedlings.
I (Will not succeed in our section. It re
quires a ricli, loamy, soil, and higher lati
tude. *
From the Farmer & Gardener.
Keeping Winter Apples, Etc-
Please answer in Farmer <fc Gar
dener (our orthodox authority and ever
coveted periodical), the following:
1. Will a brick room, ground floor,
without any opening, except one door
in the east (therefore, no light therein,
except when door is opened), located
on northern slope, with shelves arranged
around the wall, be a suitable place for ,
preserving Winter Apples; or shall*l
have openings in the wall of the room,
and what kind —grates, or how con
structed 1 Will the Apples be more
likely to keep sound, if I floor the room
with plank, rather than dirt? The
room will not be dug in the earth at
all, but built on the surface—and of
8 feet pitch ?
2. We have 40 feet of veranda on
the east side of our cottage, 40 on the
west, and 38 on the south. Now, what [
are yonr most hardy evergreen climbers j
and most beautiful, for the southern !
side, where the sun’s rays, direct and |
indirect, are quite hot, (the veranda is j
10 feet pitch, and 4 feet from floor to |
ground). On the east and west side, we
have less trouble from the sun’s heat—
what would you suggest for these sides,
in the way of annual climbers, and
which would grow taH enough ?
Very respectfully, E. T.
There are a few requisite rules for j
keeping Winter Apples. The room
wherein fruit is stored must be dry,
eool, and well ventilated. Openings in
the wall are necessary, as the door is
insufficient to admit a current of air.
The windows should have a glazed
sash as well as slat blinds—the former
to be shut only when there is ti.nger of
frost injuring the fruit. The blinds
will allow a free circulation of air. As
to the floor, it will make but little dif
ference whether it is of plank or dirt,
providing the latter is dry. Still we
would prefer, the bqard floor, as being
cleaner, and diminishing dampness.
Shelves are by far more desirable than
close bins or boxes. Fruit can be
better examined and cared for, if put
upon shelves.
2. In the issue of March 10th, of
Farmer <fc Gardener, we gave a list
of our most hardy Evergreen climbers.
Tlte Loniceras, Boses, Solatium Jas
mirioidts, etc., will be found most desira
ble for the sunny side of the veranda.
In another column we give a list of the
most desirable annual climbers.
Petroleum and the Thee Borer. —After
long and patient experiment, a Calrfomia
horticulturist discovered that petroleum
would kill tlte borer that infests the orchards
of the Golden State. The fact was made
known far and wide; and many fruit
growers availed themselves of tlte valuable
discovery. By their experiments the
further fact, was established tiiat petroleum
not only killed the borer, but the tree also—
“ Horticulturist. ”
We notice that the use of Petroleum is
highly recommended in some Nursery
catalogues as a sure remedy for tlte uestruc
tion of the peach borer. The above may
be worth knowing by those who are in
clined to experiment with tlte ingredient.
Personal —We were pleased to receive a
call, during the past week, from Dr. Ayer’s
traveller, Mr. 11. O. Clark, who was in our
town devoting his time and attention to tlte
preparations of the great medicine man.
This call lias become a pleasant annual to
us from the able and reliable business char
acter of the accomplished gentleman whom
itliis firm send out to transact their business.
No house is better known or valued by the
press for its promptness in settlement than
the well established and popular J. C.
Ayer & Cos., Lowell, Mass., whose medi
and wontat* jm(d praise of all.
Our own acquaintance wYli. them has ex
tended over a scries of yeitrsTSTiu nKve
invariably found them, their travellers and
their medicines, wortey of the commenda
tions they everywhere receive.—Jackson
(Venn) Tribune.
A Harvard graduate, who had been
more devoted to terrestrial than celesti
al studies during his course, at his final
examination in physics, was asked:
“ Mr. , what planets were known
to the ancients?” “Well, sir,” he re
sponded, “there were Venus and Jupiter,
and”—after a pause—“l think the
Earth, but I’m not quite certain.”
Mr. Gladstone stated a short time ago
that £100,000,000 was annually expend
ed in the United Kingdom on strong
drink. Taking the population at 33,-
000,000, each individual thus spent
nearly £2 12s 7 3-4 and. a year, or nearly
1 3-8 and. per day on “slow poison.”—
This tippling practice yields .$130,000,000
odd to the revenue.
The Horse and His Rider. —lt was a
happy day for Ilorse and his rider when the
Mustang Liniment was introduced as a
cure for the external diseases and injuries
of both. In the stable, the barn anil the
household this wonderful emollient is
equally useful. If a horse is spavined, or
foundered, or harness-galled, or afflicted
with any other of the many superficial ills
that equine flesh is heir to, tlte Liniment ef
fects a speedy cure, and it is equally effica
tims*when applied to draught oxen or cows
suffering from outward swellings, strains or
hurts of any description. As an applica
tion for bruises, cuts, bums, rheumatism,
stiff joints, sprains, neuralgia, earache anil
toothache, it takes precedence for all ether
topical remedies, and is therefore an article
of prime necessity in families. It
EXAMPLE FOR THE LADIES.
MissMarieE. Stacey, of Hamilton, Ont.,
has used her Wheeler <fc Wilson Machine
14 yeat s, since she was 8 years of age, prin
cipally in mattress and upholstery wjjrk ;
has made 20 large size mattress ticks tn a
day, with plenty of leisure: lias earned at
least $ 10,000 with it. The family sewing
is pleasant amusement. It
Columbus discovered America, but it lias
been found that the only economical Shoes
for children are the celebrated VSILVER
TlPPED—never wear out at the toe and are
are worth two pairs without Tips.
All Dealers sell them. March 16 5t
3