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AMERICAN AnvorA-rir NO. X-3 PUBLISHED ZV EHr THURSDAY? Morning, by Georce W. Wheeler & James Clarke, AT THREE DOLLARS A YEAR ONE IN ADVANCE-’ ~ ‘ r “ “’ “’ ——P———— II 0 } Jose Alva re 2de Toledo. From the Louisiana Courier, [Printed atNew-Grleans ] The article published in the newspapers of this city, extracted from a letter written by Mr. B Roberson, did not excite my sur - prise. That I should befir ought into pnblicview by the Chevalier Onis, and selected as a conspicuous vie tim to the hatred Und Vengeance of the Spanish government, will not appear extraordinary to those acquainted with my principles be career. ‘ I had the honor to be among the members of the Cortes*at Ca diz that were animated with zeal 1 for the freedom and glory of our country, and desirous of breaking the fetters and dissipating the prejudices which for ages had loaded and disgraced the Spanish character. It is for those exer- tions at a memorable epoch, that myself and collegues have be come obnoxioDsto the despot Fer dinand and his fanatic counsel lors. The same Ferdinand who owes his life and his throne to the patriotism of a few members of the Cortes during the most stor my reason of the revolution; this same Ferdinand since his return to the throne, has already immo lated on the altars of revenge and ingratitude, almost every inciivid-, wai of the cortes that thought, spoke, or acted as I have done ; and had I not taken the resolu tion of departing from that land of despotism at the period I did, there is no doubt that my name long ere this would have been ad ded to the catalogue of sacrifices. I came to America with a de- termination to use all my efforts to effect its separation from a gov ernment, that for three centuries had filled the new world with chains, with groans, and with tears. When I undertook this enterprise, I knew the fate that awaited me in case I did not suc ceed; but to those who are in spired with a love of country, who feel that their actions are groud ed on the freedom and happiness of their fellow citizens, it is not likely they are to be deterred from pursuing those patriotic ; views, merely because they are Exposed to death and persecu iicn. If Washington and his as sociates had trembled at the me naces of despotism, the United States would never have become independent. Assassins have been hired to jnurder me, as can be proved b) aupiemjp documents in tny pos sessions Attempts on my life J',. .4 ft r *■ d11,.;.'! LOUISVILLE, THURSDAY, APRIL 18, istS. Have been made more than once trrr • Un “ e<i Statcs< Ferdinand VII, it appears, has demanded me < the American government, in order to increase the Vast number of victims already immolated in honor of his return to the Spanish throne ; and I suppose the next thing we shaft hear is a bull from ‘“ e Pope, hurling the thunders ot the Vatican against the repub lic of the United States for hav ing granted me the rights of hos. pitaiity. It does not become me to an ticipate the conduct of the Am er ican government on this occa sion, further than to remark, 1 feel perfectly tranquil under the guardianship of the laws of na tions as Well as those of the Uni ted estates 5 and much do I wish tnat I had nothing else to disturb my serenity than the Quixotic menaces cf a fanatic monarch. During the campaign -against •the British in Louisiana, I had the honor to act as a soldier, and I should be proud of any future occasion to manifest my zeal m the service of the United States: and if during my residence in this country, I should be so fortunate as to inspire this government or the people with a disposition to aid my fellow citizens of Mexico |in their struggles for liberty, I shall not, I hope, on this account, be considered criminal either by this nation or in the eyes of the universe* If I am not mistaken we are fast aproaching that epoch when the legitimate monarchs of Eu rope will ‘openly avow their hos tility to the American Republic. Alieady are they maturing a fu ture crusade against the liberties of the human race in the western hemisphere, and the first step in this holy enterprize has been taken by the pious and magnanimous Ferdinand. The progress of liberty in the new World is filling the potentates of Europe with dismay. The vicinage of the United States to | the Mexican empire, excites not only the fears of Spain but Great Britain, if six million ofMexr cans become identified in interest and feeling with the citizens of the United States, we might then bid defiance to the machinations of the old world. The vast and growingpopiilation of the western parts ot |lnited States would find in the internal provinces of Mexico a vast and permanent vent for their surplus industry. 1 he gold and silver of Mexico ’ n place of flowing direct to Great Britain and Spain, and furnishing he sinews of ambitious wars, would find a channel to and thru* the United States ; anew and powerful stimulus would be thus given to the industry and enter* prize of this country, and the pe npd is perhaps not remote when i4piN States coi>ld ■ g.upply | all tnat Mexico requires, as cheap ! as can at present be done from Europe. To promote these objects may be deemed criminal by despots, and by those Who affect to think rhe Mexican population are un worthy Ue blessings of freedom •—biit to those who have been bom and bted in the land of liber ty, my views and motives, 1 hope, 1 will be appreciated and support-1 ed. _ It has been said by some politi cians that the Mexicans are not yet sufficiently advanced in civili zation ; be susceptible of rational freedom. Alas S how little are these people known or under stood. I here is not a people un der the sun es raore menial apti tude than the Mexicans. This homage has been paid to them by every liberal traveller that has visited them. But the present state ci the revolution speaks more decisively in their favor Without foreign assistance, with out scarcely a single musket, and in fact, with only stones atfd clubs they began the revolution against their cruel oppressors They have at last so far succeeded as to make the cause of freedom felt and circulated from the Mexican gulph to the extremities of Cali fornia. Organization has suc ceeded tumult, and a constitution founded on Republican principles, has been formed ; and notwith standing a train of difficulties more serious and numerous than ever before a people had to en counter, they have attained a strength’ihat insures their eman cipation from Spain. The final accomplishment of their indepen dence may be retarded weeks, months or years, but the issue h as certain as the rising of to-mor row’s sun. Spain may perhaps be enabled to keep possession of the city of Mexico arid some few strong places for a little while longer, because the republican forces have not as yet either trains of artillery or the means of assault ing fortified places, but the om nipotence of Spain over the affec tions andon the fears of the Mex ican people, is forever lost.**- There is not a Creole mother throughout this vast empire that does not while nourishing her off spring, secretly or openly chaunt to the infant ear the song of liber ty ; nor is there among six mil lion of people of all classes and colors, one hundred thousand* persons sincerely opposed to the independence of Mexico. It may be asked, if this is the fact, why has not the republican party al ready fixed the destiny of their country ? The answer is plain it is because not yet been supplied, wuh any muni the oper ations of a considerable army.— c ys ry G tU’d pound of powder in their possession has been taken from armed men by an unarmed multitude. Shut ouc from all intercourse by sea with any of the nations of the worlds and deprived of any trade (until very either by land or water, e ven with the U. States, is it not surprizing that the revolu tion has not long ere this beea crushed .? and if it has reached the pome I have stated, is there not good ground to believe in its speedy and eventual triumph ior the developement of these facts and my opinions, I am in debted to the chevalier Onis: for most surely I should not have in troduced myself to public notice, if that cavalier had not marked me out as a victim to Spanish ven* geance. Among the inscrutable opera* tions of the Deity, it appears he could not have selected a more smtaole instrument to promote; the separation of America from Spain, than in permitting Ferdi* nand to re-ascend the Spanish throne. Every act of this imbe -he mortal has tended to widen the breach between his Atnericafi subjects and the Spanish peninsu lar ; and if among his other fol lies he will only persist in his Quixotic demands on the United States, it will be the happiest e vent that ever occurred to Mexico or South-America. These demands have excited in me no wonder, for I recollec; that when I Was in the Cortes, th Spanish government then intend* ed to declare war the U. States, and was only prevented from so doivo by an exhausted treasury, and by subserviency to the British cabinet, who did not think it politic, at that time , to promote the rupture. * Extraordinary vicissitudes have taken place sipce that time among the nations of Europe, St conformably to the legitimate ar® rangements at Vienna, every bro ther monarch is to support the pretensions of each other, more especially when such pretensions accord with the views of the Bri tish government. Ihe questions brought for ward by Spain relating to West- Uorida, did not originate in the Cabinet of Ferdinand—-its source springs from a higher and deeper authority ; if may be traced to the councils and policy of Great Bri* tain. That Spain has ceded her rights to the Fioridas to Great- Britain, no doubt exists in my mind, and that the great maritime port of Havana may likewise be required by fc ceded to England, is highly probable. .. England in possession of the Fioridas and the port of Havana, would hold in her hand the keys of the commerce of the Mississip pi and the Mexican Gulph, and would be ready in case of neces sity or policy to ; a }r ? the empire [VoI.L