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..00 & 8ST
Advertiser
Published every. Thursday by, D, B. VT?.TflTr,lvr A ~NT.
EtiBrfr TIOfJrfCL-ll
Terms: SI.50 per annum, in advance.
SERIES
-VOL. VLE-Not 27"
CEDARTOWN, GA., AUGUST 5, 1880.
NEW SERIES—VOL. II-NO. 34.
Drai
MhDmftt
Kain St jOedartown-Ga.,
.giLni-i,-'
IF YOU WANT THEM PURB AND FRESH.
€. G. JANES,
ATTORNEY A.T LAW,
CEt)ARTOWN,GA.
Ir office In the Court House. lebis-iy
JOSEPH A. BLANCE, 1
ATT99KT AT LAW,
CEDARTOWN, GA.
HP First BOWS upStalrs over J. S. Stubbs A
CD’s Store.' septss-ij
DBS. LIDpMiL
m C SURGEONS
OFFICE EAST SIDE OF HAIH ST.
- ,* CR&tfTOWN, GA
• ’Jtn8.»“. 1
W. Cj, ENGLAND,
PhystttJm and! Surgeon
'*■* } CEDARTOWN, GA.
«>- - «■
OFPIOB-oyer J. A. Wynn’s-wtoere He may be
found ready to attend calls either day or night.
Janir —
"BEAK YE OHE ANOTHER’S BORDENS I"
Tie Heeded Protection of Our Loied Ones at Net Cost
/ ’
The People's Mutual Relief Association
las “ ilJ K certificates of membership in amounts from $1,000 to $5,000 op
strictly healthy persons, male and female. The plans are
SAFE, dffiAP AND PERMANENT.
Applications for membership will be received by
JNO. W. RADLEY, Cedartown, Ga.
Partial list of members in and aroupd Cedartown: F. M. Hieht, A. A.
Read, John W. Bracken, P. J. Bracken, Wm. R. Craig, Geo. H. Leake, J.
w r r D w' C ,* H T arri8 ^ J - «•, Crabb < w - H - H - Harris, »- B. Monroe,
Dr. W. 6. England, Jno. W. Radley, J. W.Kilgore, Daniel Walker, D. B.
Freeman,-Mrs.Ifificy Powelf, Alex. Dougherty, Mrs. Francis Dougherty,
ftr. £. H. Richardson, Captain N. S. Eaves. ap!5-6m
DOWN BT THE BROOK IN THE MEADOW
A. J. YOUNG,
DEADER IN
Rye^ Whisldes, Wine, Gins
Noyes Warehouse - - CEDARTOWN, Ga.
Corn a
l DHJJO
.HARRIS,
Physician and Surgeon,
Cedartown, - - - Ga.
at BradfOM & Walker’s
:e at the Reece House.
-*-B. FfSIIER,
Watchmaker & Jeweler.
.} CEDARTOWN, GA.
Having Just opened out a shop at the store of
“ " ispecttutly requests the
hen needing work in his
Turnee,
AJierney at Law.
CEDARTOWN, GA.
WU1 practice lifthe Superior Courts of Polk,
Paulding, Harabon. Floyd and Carroll counties,
Special attention, given to collections and real
estate business. marll-ly
DR. L. S. LEDBETTER,
DENTIST,
CEDkSTOW:*, - . - - GEORGIA.
All DentaJ work performed In the most skill-
tol manner. Office over J. & Stubbs * Co.’s.
febHMy
P. M. SMITH,
Attorney at Law and
REAL ESTATE AGENT,
CEDARTOWN, GA.
Particular Attention given to the selling or
renting of city property. Buying and selling
wild lands a specialty. Eartles owning wild
lantaln Georgia would do well tc correspond
with me, as I have app lcations for thousands
of acres whose owners are unknown. No tax fl.
fa. or other bogus title need apply. Look up
your beeswax and write me. Terms: Ten per
centVcnmmlssiOQ on sales. For locating and
ascertaining probable value, $1 per lot. For
searching records for owners, 5o cents per lot.
For ascertaining if land Is claimed or occupied
bysquatter. $1 per lor. Always In advance. To
insure attention enclose a 3-cent stamp. Parties
owning wild lands should look to their interests,
as many of these wild lands are being stolen by
squatters under a bogus title. All communica
tions promptly answered. Satisfaction guar
anteed to all honest men. Jan29-ly
LIVERY FEED,
SALE STABLE!
Wright & Johnson Prop’rs.
‘CEDARTOWN, - - - GEORGIA.
Being SnpiiHed with new Horses, Hew Vehi
cles, & v we ace prepared to meet the wants or
the public In our Und.' Jans-iy
'JAMES H. PRICE,
CEDARTOiyN, GA
Keeps onihand and manufactures to order
MATTRESSES!
My work recommends itself wherever used,
* ~'—-—*— “ —-der the most peifer*
aaterlal used, no wot
JAMBS. H. PRICK
andle guaranteed to render the mo9t peifect
aattstactlon. Ho flimsy material used, no work
slighted. I ask a trial —
1! “-- ■ • - .
CALHOUN
Livery and Sale Stable.
FOSTER & HARLAN, Props.,
CiLHOUir, GEORGIA*
Having lately purchased the above stable and
supplied It with good Horses and a splendid
Tine of new Vehicles, we are prepared to meet
the wants ofthe IkaveJlAg public in our line.
Partial wtohlbg vehicles sent to any bf the
trains enthe Selma, Rome and Dalton Hillroad
or to any otfiBr point, may telegraph us, and
have their wants promptly and properly at
tended to.
FOSTER A HARLAN, Calhoun, Ga.
JanWf
Mm,
CEDARTOWN, GA.,
—DEALER IN—
STOWES TWiWABE,
Hardware and Hollow-Ware,
OF ALL KINDS.
House^Fusnishing Goods
A SPECIALTY.
Every variety of lob woric in my line neatly
done. I respectfully solicit the patronage of
the public? and would be pleased to have all my
friends and customers “—
town.
Jfns-ly
CEDARTOWN SCHOOL,
J. C. HARRIS, Principal.
The Spring Term commences the first Mon
day In January and wfu continue s» montna
Fall Term opens Srd Monday in August and
continues months Bates of tuition as cus
tomary.
The school-room Is convenient and comfort
able ; training thorough and discipline Arm.
The Principal oners his thanks tor past favors,
and confidently aak for a liberal share of patron
age In the future. .
Beferenoe as to discipline, etc., Is made to toe
former patrons of this acheol. nortr-un
SOLE AGENT FOB COX, HILL & THOMPSON'S
STOj^E mountain whiskies
Xxl Cedartown.
I keep such Liquors as may be used as a beverage or for medical
purposes with perfect safety. t5T Give me a call. Good treatment
guaranteed.
mrl8-ly
N|1W HOUSE! NEW MERCHANTS!
New Goods and New Prices.
A. D. HOGG & CO.
MAI ^fllft-V r »‘»SV CEDARTOWN, Georgia,
Have just opened a select stock of General t Merchandise in their new store,
and waitojaJ thelp friends and the puhlic generally to call and let them
Show their gShds knd'prlces. ' Their stock was bought before the recent
rise in pricfl|jiM^5lM>y,;^el confident, of having goods at bottom figures.
They ha^fe WkfitlMl' Dress Goods, Calicoes, Corsets, new styles; Bleach-
ings, Flannel^, .Cassimeres, Kersey#, Kentucky k Jeans, Hosiery, Gloves,
Hardware, Notions, etc., etc. Extra nice Gentlemen’s Underwear Vrar
Low. Remember the place—last Brift btore on South MAIN Street, west
Bide - , '/ .... ? ' nov6-ly
=■ - 1 * =gggSB!ggH^te5Bg5BBBgg!»
It was down by the brook in the meadow,
Where the daisies and buttercups grew.
And the wildfires glistened so brightly.
When kissed by the new fallen dew ;
Where the Bound of the rippling brooklet,
As it merrily deneed on its way.
A song of joyful welcome aang
To me, one bright Summer's day.
It was down by the brook in the meadow.
One warn when the Sub Shone serene,
I peacefully lay on the green, moesy bank.
Indulging in youth s Bummer dream.
I dreamed of the days that have faded and
gone.
Those many aweet days of the past;
I wondered if life would always be gay,
And Bummer forever could lash
It waa down by the brook in the meadow—
But how very different the scene!
Tie winter. The Frost King's oold fingers
Have touched the soft aod once so green.
In a tight, icy chain the brooklet is bound ;
It no longer slugs merrily, oh 1
And the flowers that onoe grew down by the
brook
How sleep 'neath a coverlet of enow.
It was down by the brook in the meadow
That an old man, feeble and gray,
With bended head went plodding along.
And onto himself thm$ did say :
“Oh, for those days that have faded and gone.
Those many sweet days of the past;
But, aiss! I have found, in my travels thro'
life.
That Summer forever won’t last."
Rose Forrester’s Escape.
BAKER & HALL,
DEALERS IN
GENERAL HARDWARE,
SUO]
Ready-Made Plows, Plow Stocks, Nails, Iron and
Steel, Spades, Shovels, Hoes, Rakes,
Ran a re Forks, Ete.
BUGGY WHEELS, SHAFTS, POLES AND CIRCLES,
WHEELBARROWS,
SAWS, FILES, LOCKS, HINGES, CHAINS, ETC. .
We have just opened a Hardware House in Cedartown, and
ask a trial in Goods and Prices. We are
Strictly in the Hardware Business,
and will be prepared to furnish goods in our line as cheap as
they can lje 1»ought in any market. Give us a trial bofore
going elsewhere.
ED. E. BRANNON,
Dealer In
Staple and Fancy Groceries.
Chickens, Eggs And Batter a Specialty.
I HAVE ALSO
A F I XI ST-OL ASS BAR.
In connection with the Store, which is stocked with the finest Liquor*
in town. jan8-tf
J. P. DUFFEY,
MANUFACTURER AND DIALER IK
BUGGY AND WAGON HABNESS, SADDLES, BRIDLES, ft
(DtiikerOVOM Stand,)
CEDARTOWN, Georgia..
All Work Guaraatoad to fiv* satisfaction. All he uk* is a trial. jaaS-ly
. “Everbody envies Rose Forrester.”
The pale girl, in gold-colored silk, lifted
the broad lids from her clear eyes for a mo
ment, as the speaker’s words reached her
ear; then she bent over the photographs
upon her lap again.
She handled the pictureswithan enthusi
astic appreciation of their worth, so absorb
ed in their examination as to be totally un
conscious of the tall, fair man who stood
quite Hear, looking down upon her with an
apparently suddenly awakened interest.
“Belonging to Buch a nice family, an
heiress, and so beautiful!”
The continued words oi the speaker
reached Howard Manley’s ear, but evident
ly Rose Forrester did not hear them. Bha
turned with a sparkling smile to her hostess,
and was still talking with her of the photo
graphs when Mr. Clinton brought Howard
Manley up for an introduction.
As she rose in the full light it revealed
that she was very young, scarcely twenty,
yet tall of stature, and with a marked re
pose of manner.
Her beauty was not conspicuous—she
was too pale; yet Manley saw how perfect
ly ent was every feature, how clear the
dark gray eyes, how dark the curling
lashes. The lipe shut over little’teeth ai'
white as milk, and the contour of the face
was a perfect oval.
The girl’s natural and spontaneous man
ner told that she gave the young man, at
first, no unusual attention. Little by little she
observed him—the fair hair shadowing the
white forehead, the dark blue, penetrating
eyes, the unusual grace of figure, the fault
less dress.
Her manner was so cordial and friendly
and unmistakably charming that Manley
racked his brains for the chance of a next
meeting, but was obliged to abandon it
when Miss Forrester was joined by her
brother.
She left the room, but instantly he thank
ed his good fcfftune at the finding of a ruby
scarf pin which he recognized as hers. It
was easy to decide the ornament too valu'
able to be entrusted, to a messenger. I
was a presumption which he would man
age with ease to call upon and restore it.
Rose was not a belle. She had too much
depth and passion of nature to ever be a
society woman; but she had her admirers,
and out of them she chose Manley.
She could not tell why, but his looks,
words, every act bad a charm for her, and
the eloquent blood tinging her cool cheek at
his approach told him the story of his
power.
He was a proud man—he might well
have been a happy one—but he often wore
an.air of noticeable weariness and depres
sion This, in answer to Rose’s gentle in
quiries, he attributed to ill health.
Spring was opening, with its vivid son-
shine, its balmy air, and Rose was very
happy. It seemed to her that it was the
pleasant influence of the season which made
her daily ways so light; the tender colors,
sights and sounds surrounding her daily
walk with Manley in the park, which made
them so enjoyable.
Perhaps they helped to make her spirit
strong so that she dared say to herself, “I
love him!” and say it without reservation
or fear; for she knew that it was but a
little while since she had first met him, and
of his past history and much of his present
she knew nothing.
No; she feared nothing for herself. To
love and be surrounded with tenderness was
happiness enough for her; she asked
for no more. Yet some instinct or trace of
worldly wisdom made her withhold her
confidence from her brother, who was her
guardian; he knew nothing of the inti
macy.
From the night she had first met Man-
ley at Mrs. Clinton’s party, she never knew
any one who knew him intimately. He
told her that he kad no living female
relatives—no home
He evidently had means at command,
and procured for her with an ingenuity
which was almoa genius, the rarest and
most beautiful gilts. Her delighted recep
tion of them scened a mutual joy which
prevented any possible feeling of obliga
tion on her aide In truth foil of passion
ate impulses of youth, she was deaf, dumb
and blind to aiything but the fullness of
the present
Her broth* came into the music-room
where she sal at the piano, dreamily plsv
Ing, one day.
“Roae, rill you give me your attention
(or a to w r^inuteaf”
He Italian open letter in his hand. He
years cider than herself, a
it man.
i propose* for your hand.
Ton are aware that it will be a very ad
mirable match, are you not i”
Rose had a strange, stunned feeling, yet
toe bowed faintly. From childhood she
had been greatly under her brother’s con
trol.
“I should like to write him favorably*
Rose. Have you any objection!”
“I,—I—”
She found herself upon her feet shiver
ing in the May sunahine.
I would have a little time, Edwin.”
‘“Certainly, if you wish,” though his
brow slightly clouded. ’“The doctor will
not probably look for an. immediate an
swer,"
The next moment Rose had escaped
from the room, and was locked in her
chamber.
During the next . two hours she hardly
knew what she was doing! , Bhe found her-
sail walking the floor, and wringing her
bands. At last she stopped short, with
sense of pride.
‘There is no reason—no reason in the
world. I dare tell my brother why I will
not marry Doctor Wingrove.”
Rose Forrester’s Escape.—
Doctor Wingrove waa the noblest and
gentlest of men, singularly handsome,
wealthy, and highly connected, and barely
thirty years of age. He had known her
since childhood, never made love to her,
but now that the offer 'of marriage had
conie to her, she realized, somehow, that
he Bad always loved ner.
itose was conscious of a rackihg pain in
her temples, at last. The chamber seemed
sliding.
Catching up her cloax and hat, and tying
a veil of heavy black lace across her face
she went out into the street.
She soon walaed herself weary, without
abating her painful sensation, and, return
ing to the street in which her residence
was situated, entered the public inclosure
tree* and shrubbery which ornamented the
square. A fountain bubbled in the centre;
the Stone vases of flowers sent a sweet per
fume upon the air.
So close to her home, she had no timidi
ty, and, sinking upon a circular seat sur-
romadmg a large tree, she gave herself up
to her absorbing thoughts.
It was soon dark, yet she had not stir
red. In her black dress, in shadow, she
was quite unnoticed by two men who cros
sed the street from the opposite side and
sat down behind her.
She would than have risen and glided
away quietly, hut that the movement was
arrested by Howard Manley's voice.
“How soon?” he asked.
“Now, my dear brother, I’ll stand the
risk no longer. I’ve passed false money
enough for you to shut me up for the rest
of my life, and I value my liberty, singu-
jariy enough,” sneeringly.
“Well, well, I am willing enough to go,
Fred. Heaven knows that I am as sick of
the business as you can be. Coining isn’t
all prosperity. In a new country I should
feel like another man. But.—”
“The heiress?”
‘T am sure of her. But I don't like to
urge a hasty marriage. She has an old fox
of a brother, who may be inconveniently
curious regarding my affairs. If we could
wait till the autumn, now, I might enter
some respectable business.”
“I tell you it won’t do!”
Both rose in their excitement, and invol
untarily walked away.
Plainly under the gaslight, Rose saw
Howard Manley and his brother pass under
the street. They were coiners.
More dead than alive, she crept into the
house. But Rose was not a weak girl.
Before midnight she had placed Howard’s
gifts in a close package and sealed with
them a note, briefly stating that she had
overheard the conversation in the park.
The next morning it was dispatched.
As 30on as her brother broached the sub -
jeot of Dr. Wingrove’s proposal, she asked
to have the latter call upon her.
He came, with countenance so high of
purpose, with eyes so full of truth, that she
involuntarily contrasted Howard’s old, re
ticent face with it; but she told Dr. Win-
grove all the truth.
“Perhaps it was wroBg, but I loved him
—loved him purely—and my heart is torn
and bleeding. I am wild with a secret
pain which I must hide from everybody.
If I bad never kuown him—but I cannot
imagine that. This terrible experience has
changed me; I am not the care-free,happy,
trusting girl you knew. I cannot love you;
but pity me—be my friend. I must talk
to some one, and, oh, there is no one in the
world so kind as you. ”
“Was Dr. Wingrove piqued by this re
ception cf his proposal? No, he was too
generous and tender-hearted for that.
“Poor child!” he said, in a tone so sooth
ing that, for the first time, Rose gave way
to a relievng burst of passionate weeping.
“What shall I do? What do you think
ot me?” she asked ht last
‘We will wait, and I think that I love
you ?” he answered quietly.
So two kept the secret of Rose’s sorrow
more easily than one, and though her heart
■till knew its pangs of grief for a time the
summer brought change of scene which
was helpful to a spirit really brave find in
nocent.
Dr. Wingrove joined Rose and her
brother at the seashore, to find brightness
m the young alri’s eyes again, and to the
latter it was sweet to call so kind and noble
a man friend.
Together they climbed the rocks, drank
in the free air, watched the sunsets - and
theses. O old they had been congenial,
and now thfey seemed more happily so.
There is usually a sacredness about first
love, and perhaps it is expected of me to
record the death ot my heroine of a broken
heart, but I must tell-the truth.
In the Autumn Rose married Dr. Win
grove. She is one of the happineat wives
in the world. The first love fell from her
like a false blossom, while the second ripen
ed into richest fruit.
The On Palm Tree.
Of the multitudinous species ^of the
Palm Family, the products af a few only
.have found their way into American and
European commerce, the most valued be
ing those of the Cocoanut, the Date and
the Oil Palma. Of these the appearance
of the last is the least familiar to most per
sons as unlike the others, it has never
hitherto been accurately pictured in scien
tific and popular works. In Western
Tropical Africa there are vast regions
thickly covered with the members of this
species, and it is from this torrid region,
especially from the River Bonny, that the
largest quantities of palm oil find their
way into the the American markets. The
trade with the natives is carried on chiefly
by barter, glass beads of various forms,
sizes, and colors being among the principal
articles af exchange. The trunk of the
tree from which palm oil is obtained is sel
dom over thirty feet high,and is surmount
ed with a tuft of long pinnate leaves garn
ished with prickly petioles. The flowers
are dioecious, and borne in dense heads,
sometimes two feet long and two or more
feet in circumference. In these closely
crowded spadices the fruit is so compactly
clustered that the bunches bear a strong re
semblance to large pine-apples. The inde-
vidual fruits are about an inch and a half
long, somewhat pear-shaped and when fully
ripe of a bright oraijge color. They con
sist of an outer soft, pulpy substance from
which the best oil is obtained, inside which,
forming about one-fourth of the whole, is a
very hard, stony shell inclosing the seeds,
and yielding when caushed, a dear, limpid
product called palm-nut oil. The fruit
when sufficiently ripe, are gathered by men,
boiled in large earthenware pots by women,
and then crushed in mortars. They are
next placed in large clay vats filled with
water, and women tread out the oil which
rises to the surface and is skimmed off. It
is then oncejcore boiled to get rid of the
water, and packed away in barrels or casks
for exportation. It stiil retains the color
ing matter of the fruit, which is removed by
subsequent processes in numerous factories
in Europe, either by bleaching in shallow
pans on the surface of hot water or by vari-
ious chemical methods of treatment. As
each drupe affords only about one-sixteenth
of an ounce of pure oil and each tree only
three or four pounds, an immense amount
of labor is required to procure the product
and a vast area of forest is annually destroy
ed to supply the demands of commerce,
Good palm oil is a fatty substance of the
consistency of butter,of a rich orange color,
a sweetish taste, and an Oder like that of
violets or orris roou Is is now extensively
used in the manufacture of candles, soap,
and also as an axle grease, chiefly for the
wheels of railroad cars. At a temperature
of from 75 degrees to 95 degrees F. it
melts to a very thin fluid, and the older it
is, the greater the heat required to liquify
it. By age and exposure it becomes rancid
and assumes a whitish tinge. It is per
fectly soluble in ether, slightly so in cold
alcohol, but readily dissolves in hot alcohol,
though on cooling it solidifies. It consists
of margerine, oleine, and a solid fat like
stearine, which is called palmatine, and
constitutes two-thirds of its weight. Palm-
oil is used more extensively for the manu
facture of candles than for any other pur
pose and the process, though somewhat-
lengthy, is highly interestingr Having been
melted by a jet of steam introduced into
the casks, and freed from all impurities, it
is mixed with from one-seventh to one-
sixth of its weight of sulphuric acid and
briskly agitated for about two hours in
which steam maintains a temperature of
about 350 degrees. The sulphuric acid and
the glycerine, which is an ingredient of its
component fats, are in this way decom
posed and escape partly by subsequent
washing. The impure acids are then distil
led in copper stills steam-heated to a temp
erature of 600 degrees. The dark residue
in the boilers is made to yield still more
oil by heavy pressure and the black refuse
that remains is used for fuel. When cool
ed, the distilled fat is broken into cakes
eighteen inches long and about an inch
and three-quarters thick. These are spread
upon squares of cocoa-nut matting and are
then piled on top of each other and submit
ted to hydraulic pressure at a temperature
of seventy-five degrees. The fat obtained
may be run at once into candles for the
'European and American markets, but for
tropical use, it is again submitted to pres
sure at a temperasure of 120 degrees.
Violin Making.
The question whether violin making is a
lost art is answered ih the negative by G.
L. Chapin, who has been an enthusiastic
student of the subject for thirty years.
Nothing relating to music, he says, uas
been more fruitful of silly legends, romance
and superstition than the violin. Not that
the old masters did not produce some grand
instruments. But it is a mistake to sup-
pose that they worked by a- rule, system or
secret, which invariably gave good results;
that a violin is excellent simply because it
bears the came of Da Salo, Maggini, Amati,
Stradivarius, or Guamerius, or that the
best productions of these masters can never
again be equalled. Stradivarius, for in
stance, made more poor than good violins,
and made more bad ones than any other
maker of the great period. He is said to
have turned out 2000 instruments, but only
twelve really fine cnes of his make are now
known to be in existence. Da Salo and
Maggini each made less than 500 instru
ments, but only about a dozen of each
maker are extant. In a recent work on the
subject, Charles Goffrie, after an examina
tion of the Cremonas in the collections of
Plowden, Gillott, Villaume, Bojour, and
others, says that he “found that they were
decidedly hard in tone, resembling new in
struments.” And Prof. Le Brun, who
played in the same concerts with Paganini,
and had ih his hands nearly all the noted
Cremonas fifty and sixty years ago sayB
that the Guamerius from which that great
violinist drew such wonderful tones would
have attracted little attention in the hands
of an ordinary professional. Mr. Chaplin’s
conclusion is that “the old makers made
some instruments as good as can be
made, but emphatically no better. Also,
they made some instruments as good as can
be made now, but the larger number made
by them are not up to the present standard
of power, and the few that are up to this
standard are in the hands of artists or in
collections, and entirely out of the market.
A large number of good violins have been
made since the great period, and it is safe
to say that a large number of instruments
bearing the marks of the old makers and
accredited to them were never near Cre
mona.” The old instiuments do not ap
pear to have been made according to any
fixed rule or principle, but on the “cut and
try” plan. Nor is there any uniformity in
their make or published directions concern
ing their construction. Mr. Chaplin tells
us that he has owned two of the masters’
instruments of the great period and fifty
instruments of the best reputed imitators,
has examined more than 2000 other violins
of various grades and patterns, and has read
what has been published on the subject,
but that he has failed to find “even how
long to make the fV in a given sized instru
ment, to say nothing of where they should
be placed.” Hegives certain ratios, meas
urements, and directions fer constructing a
violin in accordance with the laws of sound,
and remarks that • ‘instruments made to
demonstrate this theory can be seen.”
Violins, he claims, can and shduld be made
on scientific principles, as other musical in
struments arc. As good violins can be
produced here as have been made in Cre
mona, and the chief reason why this is not
done, he says, is that the people will not
pay for them.
Quassia vs.Mosquitoes.
A few yoars ago we had some peach
trees which being oil a wall exposed to
draugth, were annually blighted. One
died, and the new wood of the others were
not more that a hand’s length. A scien
tific friend advised me to try a weak solu
tion of quassia to water them with, and
the success was complete. Blight was
prevented. The first year the trees bore
well and the wood was elbow length or
more. I next tiled quassia in the vinery.
Instead of lime-washing the walls to get
rid of the green fly, one watering with the
quassia dismissed them m a day. Our
head gardener, who bad previously much
experience in nursery grounds, wondered
that he had never heard of it before. He
now uses it on all cases as a protection
from flies and blight. The illation goes a
long way: one pound of chips of quassia
wood boiled and reboiled in other water,
until he has eight gallons of the extract
for his garden engine. He finds it unadvis-
able to use it stronger for some plants.
This boiling makes the quassia adhesive,
and being principally applied te the under
leaf,. because most blight settles there, it is
not readily waslied off by rain, Quassia
is used in medicine as a powerful tonic,
and the chips are sold by chemists at from
sixpence to a shilling per pound. The
tree is idigenous to the West Indies and to
South America. And now as to gnats
and mosquitoes, a young friend of mine,
severely bitten by mosquitoes and un
willing to be seen so disfigured, sent for
some quassia chips and had boiling water
poured upon them. At night after wash
ing, she dipped her hands into the quMsia
water and left it to - dry upon her face.
This was a perfect prolection, and contin
ued to be so when ever applied. The pas
tilles sold in Florence and elsewhere,
which are vaunted to be safeguards against
mosquitoes, are from my own experience,
of no use. At the approach of winter,
when flics and gnats get into the houses
and sometimes bite venomously, a grand
child of mine, eighteen months old was
thus attacked. I gave the nurse some of
my weak solution of quassia, to be left te
dry on its face, and he was not bitten
again. It is is inocuous to children, and
it may be a protection also against bed
insects, which I have had not the oppor
tunity of trying. When the solution of
quassia is strong, it is wall known to be an
active fly-poison, and is mixed with sugar
to attract flics but this is not strong enough
to kill at once. If it be true that mosqui
toes have been imported into one of the
great hotels in the south of London, it
might be Very useful to anoint some of
the furniture with it. Then a strong
solution with sugar, set about the rooms,
ought to clear them out.
ftoths fbr Children. *
—Japan has now a large nail factory,
and its produots are said to be equal to
our beat.
—New Orleans was founded in 1717,
under the regency ofthe- Duke of Or
leans.
George Bancroft’s Workshop.
Mr. Bancroft’s workshop is upon the sec
ond floor, in a large square room facing the
street, in Washington, D. C. What a place
of rest and study! Great leather and
shaker chairs, a great desk in the middle of
the room, and all about the walls books and
books; from the ceiling to the floor, on
every side, books 1 Not an inch of space
that is not filled. And he has four rooms
like this. The table was strewn with
pamphlets, books and bushels of documents
and manucripts. The picture as you enter
is one you have often seen. An old man
sitting at his desk at work, and a young
secretary opposite copying, verifying and
arranging documents, and both encirled by
walls of books. Within the four rooms
composing his library, Mr. Bancroft has
over twelve thousand volumes. There are
larger collections of books in private houses,
but Mr. Bancroft's library is remarkable
for being more selected than extensive. It
is peculiarly rich in the best editions of
ancient classics, and has almost all the
notable works in the modem European lan
guages. The great feature of the library
is the manuscripts. No man in the coun
try has such a collection of original docu
ments of a military or political character
relating to the country. He began his great
historical work in 1825. It was in this
year he began to gather materials and to
lay out the work that will make his name
great while the world lasts.
Uses or Cork.
The lightness of cork makes it superior
to all other substances for life preservers,
for insuring the buoyancy of life boats. It
is also employed as buoys to float nets, and
in making waterproof shoes. It has also
been converted into and used as gun wad
dings. Cork, as is well known, is a non
conductor of heat and is porous. These
peculiarities have been taken advantage of
in the manufacture of water coolers, which
are much used in Spain. They are made
Of slabs of the wood, bent round circular
heads of the same, and bound with hoops.
The porosity of the cork allows the water
to percolate slowly to the Burface, and there
to cool in evaporating, while its non-con
ducting nature prevents the heat of tho sun
from wanning tne water within. About
30 yean ago an ingenious Frenchman intro-
duced mattresses and cushions in which
cork reduced to dust or shreds was a sub
stitute for feathers, hair or word. It might
be used alone or combined with the above-
mentioned materials. It was claimed that
these would make easy beds, smooth, light
and elastic, and especially well adapted for
use at sea, where, in oases of emergency,
they might be available aa life preservers.
But it is evident that cork mattresses did
sot become popular. A variety of walking
sticks are manufactured from young cork
tress in Africa, and Spanish black, a sn
owier nigawit, is made cf calcined eortr.
No wise mother will put her young chil
dren into quite cold water in winter time,
nor with a cold, and above all, will never
allow them to be washed and bathed in a
draught, on the same principle of consist
ency that plenty of fresh air is good when
it is not damp or foggy, but draughts are
most urturiou. Even in summer the chill
should be taken off the water in which
young children or delicate persons are
bathed, while in winter it is doubtful
whether even the strongest man is bene
fited by bathing in water at or but little
above tho freezing point. The cold bath
is not advisable when followed by no warm
glow; neither when followed by a rush of
blood to the head—in both of which cases
tepid or' warm water should be sub
stituted, There live many men
(and women, too) “with souls so dead’ ’ that
they will go into a cold bath, or send their
children, when they have some feverish or
irrnptive complaint. The danger of this
should be obvious—that the disease re
ceives a most violent check, and the per
son’s life is even threatened. If, however,
you persist in the use of cold water
in cold weather for yourself or
children, succeeded by no necessary
after-glow of warmth, and will not have the
common sense to use warm or tepid water,
then put in a tablespoonful of spirit of
some sort into your bath—whisky is best,
though eau de Cologne or spirits of wine
will do—and you will have your
glow. This often prevents chilblains in
persons of slow circulation. On the other
hand, it is injuries to many people to have
the water even approaching to hot. Those
who bathe regularly the year round in cool
water are rarely sensitive to cold, and the
most delicate women may use the sponge
bath daily, not only with impunity, .but
with advantage. To do this immersion
is not necessary and no one need complain
that they oannot have a “good wash” be
cause they do not happen to possess a bath,
for this may be easily accomplished after
Miss Nightingale's plan, in the rules she
laid down for her lady-nurses who accom
panied her to the Crimea; even if they had
but the poor accommodation of a basin
they were to thoroughly sponge themselves
from “top to toe,” whiob is possible to
the poorest of us.
India Shawls.
A Great Work,
Somewhere about 3,000 workmen, 600
or 700 wagons, seventeen or eighteen lo
comotive engines, three steam “navvies”
and a quantity of minor machinery of vari
ona kinds have been engaged since 1875 at
the southeast end of London in a work com
pared with which the building of the
pyramids—with modern appliances—would
have been no very signal feat. Hitherto
the one entrance to the Victoria docks
from the Thames had been at Blackwall
point, but, now there is a dock capable of
receiving all vessels, no matter what they
might be. Three and half miles of walls
have been built, inclosing ninety acres of
water. These wails are forty feet high,
five feet thick at the top, and eighteen or.
nineteen feet thick at the bottom, the
whole of this enormous mass being compos
ed of solid concrete, for which 80,000 tons
of Portland cement have been used. Some
4,000,006 cnbic feet of earth have been
dug out. It may assist the imagination
somewhat to state that if it were filled into
ordinary carts the vehicles would form an
unbroken line 7,000 miles long. The ex
cavations have gone through a submerged
forest, and among other cariosities dag ont
have been a reindeer’s horn, a Roman vase,
and what is supposed to be ancients British
canoe carved out of solid oak. The latter
is now m the British museum. The new
entrance below Woolwich will save about
three and'a half miles of river navi
gation, which, in the c»se of vessels with
heavy draft, is of course a matter of very
great importance. The London and St.
Katharine’s and Victoria Docks Company
are now prepared for vessels of all kinds,
not excluding the largest ironclads of the
British navy. The coat has been estimat
ed roundly at |5, *00,000.
An India shawl, like a wonderful paint
ing, possesses beauty unteld to the culti
vated eye. More wonderful still is this
beauty when we think of the long, weary
horns occupied in making it, and the many
stitches inserted slowly and carefully by
different hands. The odd-looking leaf
you admire in one comer, and the gay-
colored one in another, exemplify the old
story of “extremes meeting;” for the pos-
siWiry is -that-tkey were made fifty miles
apart, and then wedded together by the
calculating merchant. It is a little curious
to think that in this manufacture the maker
does not Know his pattern, even if he *
makes the entire shawl; for he makes by
written directions, and on the wrong aide,
using a needle very much like a match
sharpened at both ends. To make a hand
some shawl requires one year’s steady work,
and one is insensibly reminded of life’s own
story—the thread going in and out for so
long a time with no knowledge of what the
result will be. “The Vale of Cashmere”
to-day furnishes in one way as many beau
ties as it did when Moore sang of it; and
if Lalla Kookh does not wear the soft,
clinging drapery, English and American
beauties do. Orientalism being sought for
in all its phases just now. La Mode decrees
that shawls shall be worn more largely than
ever hefore, and suggests a graceful method
—for it is hard to wear a shawl grace!oily—
that will look well on ail; it is, of course,
the dolman. With little trouble an Ttufin
shawl may be transformed into one, the
dull gr een or chilly-looking blue that forma
the centre of the shawl being caught up in
wrinkles by an Oriental silk picquet to as
sume the shape of a hood. Some ladies
have their shawls cut into coats, which are
elegant and stylish-looking, but one finds
upon examination that no woman is bar
baric enough to cut a real India shawl.
Shawls used for this purpose are generally
imitations of che India, the Deccaandthe
Valley Cashmere. An exquisite work of
art is a Delhi shawl, which, after having
all the riches of Oriental colorings bestowed
upon it, is further graced by threads of
gold that show their presence by gleaming
and glistening at each movement of the
wearer. A Cashmere variety, made in
France, is in black, cream and cocher,
with soft, clinging-looking fringe to match,
and will be extensively used at the seaside
in combination with bright dresses that need
something neutral to tone them down.
The Textile Flouts of the World.
Men’s first steps in civilization may be
traced almost directly in their efforts to
clothe themselves, and their first essays in
skilled labor are made in the adaptation of
the materials which nature has furnished
them to use for dress. On the banks of the
White Nile are tribes who content them
selves with a simple apron of leaves, or
less; and Sir Samuel Baker noticed that a
great advance in general civilization had
taken place there when, after having spent
several months among people of that grade,
he came into Unyoro, where the people
wore garments tashioned out of the bark of
’tree, which they had to. prepare by
soaking and beating with a mallet. Thrift
seemed to follow naturally upon the ac
quisition of the -taste for clothing, for the
fig trees have to be cultivated to secure a
sufflfcient supply. Accordingly we are told,
when a man takes a wife, he plants a cer
tain number of the trees in his garden, as a
provision. for the wants of the family he
has in prospect. A grade above the naked
races arc the Papuans of New Guinea, with
their lorn girdles of grass or palm leaves,
and above these are the Maoris of New Zea
land, with their cloaks of the leaves of an
agavc-like plant laid upon each other like
scales. The South Sea islanders have in
thejpaper as liberty a plant which serve* toe
same purpose to them as a fig tree to the
people of Unyoro, from the bark of which
they prepare the taps by soaking and beat
ing. They illustrate another development
of industry m the adornment of their
clothes, for which they have an endless
variety of designs, many of them of con
siderable merit. This stage of civilization
is also often marked by a corresponding
development of the potter’s art and of skill
in ornamenting vessels. From the method
of using the whole stuff of the bark to toe
art of separating its fibers and spinning and
weaving them into cloth is a great step.
The processes of spinning and weavh% are .
as varied as the people who carry them on,
and are largely determined by the nature
of the material to which they have to lie
applied.