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THE FRUITS OF GEORGIA
Monthly Lotter of Comml*-
•ioner Stevens.
AJH INTERESTING REVIEW.
Census Report of Miscellaneous Vege¬
tables Raised In Georgia—Value of
Horticultural Products—Wine* et
Georgia Are of Fine Flavor.
Not only the staple crops demand
the fostering care of the Department
of Agriculture, but the rapidly growing
fruit industry deserves also our oc¬
casional notice. None of the great en¬
terprises, which command the atten¬
tion of our people, furnish more grati¬
fying evidence of growth than do our
orchard trees and fruits of all kinds.
Our apple trees number about twice
as many as in 1890; our peach trees
nearly three times as many; cherry
and plum trees, more than five times
as many; pear trees, more than three
times and apricots twioe ae many.
Hon. L. G. Powers, Chief Statisti¬
cian for Agriculture, in his report to
Hon. Win. R. Merriam, Director of the
Census, says: “Comparisons of the
yields of orchard fruits, when made by
decennial years, are given little
signlfioanoe, ae the yield of any gives
fear is largely determined by the
nature of the season’*. For instance
during the year for which the census
report was made, 1899, all fruits of
every description in Georgia were eut
short by the unfavorable season, be¬
ing almost a total failure. But good
fruit years since then have shown that
the yield has kept pace with the In¬
crease of the number of trees.
According to the census of 1900
which, let it be remembered, was made
up from the reports rendered in 1899,
the total area given to small fruits
was 1,634 acres, distributed among 2,-
804 farms, and the value of the fruits
.was $90,786, an average of $32.38 to
the farm. Of this total area 87.1 per
sent, or 1,423 acres were devoted to
strawberries, of whioh the total pro¬
duction wee 1,886,788 quarts. These
were grown, chiefly in the northwest¬
ern oounties of Georgia. Other berries
•how up ae follows: blackberries and
dewberries, 148 acres and 144,060
quarts; raspberries and Logan berries
48 acres and 41,760 quarts; all other
berries 85 acres and 88,890 quarts.
The census of 1890 reported the pro¬
duction of grapes in Georgia to be 3^
876,000 pounds, while that of 1900
shows a production of 8,830,600 pounds.
Most of these are sold as table grapes
and bring high prices in the northern
and western markets.
In the vineyards of Georgia wines
of the finest quality are made. The
grapes gad wines of Georgia bring in¬
to our State more than $170,000 an¬
nually.
Georgia hae lost none of her repu¬
tation for watermelons, and is be-
glnlng to take a high rank also in the
production of cantalopes. The exact
figures for these are, however, not yet
available.
PBOAN AND OTHER NUT TREES.
The culture et peoan tg hedging now
to atone* eonsiflerabto afttgg&on. the
sens us of 190# reposts 80,408 pi
trese yielding It,440 pounds et nuts.
There were also Mil Persian and
English Walnut tress, yielding 8,970
pounds of nuts and 8,488 unclassified
nut-bearing trees, yielding 8,026 pounds.
The total value of nuts was $M9T.
Here is an speaSng tor a new in¬
dustry which Will, doubtless, some day
add many thousands to the value of
our horticultural produsts.
VEGETABLES.
By the census report et 2000 the
miscellaneous vegetables raised in
Georgia Were valued at $8,009,808; the
sweet potatoes at $2,854,890; the
Irish potatoes at $888,888; onions at
$44,598; dry peas at $958,841; dry
beans at $17,988. The total of afl
these Heme amounts Is $8,706,864.
total value op all aqrioul.
TURAL AMD HORTICULTURAL
RRODUOTD.
The total value of all the agricul¬
tural and horticultural products ef
<?****• *• 1IH w ** **POTU 4 «t IMr
VUb bov«T«,
fcM lator ifur*. ffeu Umu. Th. i^ri.
cultural j Mr hoc* ft i#oo, lMu*d *
»»01 by th* tJ. fl. D*p*rtm*at at Agri-
culture, gives the production and
’value of our crops in 1900. Cotton In
that year brought in round numbers
$6,000,000 move than in the previous
or census year. At tho mme time tho
following increase in the value of other
crops was shown: of com $ 2,293,000;
of wheat, $3,200,000; of oats, $2,000,000;
of orchard fruits, a little over $8,000,-
000 .
Thus we have for the value of the
principal farm crop* of Georgia, for the
year Immediately following the een-
■us year an aggregate of nearly *103-
000,000. This bears out by an official
government report the statement
which we made in our Fertilizer Bulle¬
tin for the season of 1900-1, “that the
agricultural and horticultural pro¬
ducts of Georgia are worth $100,000/
00O.”
Of course unfavorable seasons will
cut these figures down, as was the
case with our orchard products for
1899, reported in the census of 1900.
But in view of the rapid agricultural
advancement of Georgia, we may con¬
fidently look for a large increase in
value over the best year that we have
yet known, whenever we have favora¬
ble seasons.
Therefore, farmers of Georgia, be
not discouraged; but with the same
indomitable spirit that you have ever
shown, persevere in the good work of
making Georgia the foremost agricul¬
tural State in the Union. Aim high
and, if you do not reach the highest
plane, you can at least stand in the
front rank.
O. B. STEVENS, Commissioner.
RICE CULTURE.
Before the civil war rice wa» one
of the staple crops of Georgia, and
was a great source of profit to those
who cultivated it. But changed labor
conditions, lack of necessary capital
and other causes have prevented the
complete reaction of this industry
which, in Georgia, was wrecked by the
war.
Yet with favoraole conditions the
cultivation of rice must be very pro¬
fitable, beoause there is an increasing
demand for it and the present annual
production in the United States is
only about half as great as the annual
consumption.
Rice is chiefly grown on lands that
are low, level and easily irrigated,
yet there are varieties that can be
grown on fertile lands without irriga¬
tion. Some of these upland varieties
have been successfully cultivated in
the northern counties of Georgia. But
they are not equal in quality to the
lowland rice produced by irrigation.
Upland rice may be grown on any
soil adapted to wheat or cotton, pro¬
vided the climate conditions are favor¬
able.
The best soil for rice is a medium
loma, containing about 50 per oent. of
clay. A large proportion of the rice
grown in Georgia is produeed on tidal
deltas. A body of land along some
river and at a distance from the sea
sufficiently great to be free from salt
water is selected with reference to the
possibility of flooding it from the river
at high tide and of draining it at low
tide. In Georgia are also found ex¬
cellent marshes upon what may be re¬
latively termed high land. Uusally
these can be easily drained and in
many cases can be irrigated from some
convenient stream. On these tracts,
however, the water supply Is unre¬
liable, being insufficient in time of
drouth, and too cold in case of fresh¬
ets. Although reservoirs to obviate
these objections are expensive, yet un¬
der favorable conditions these inland
marshes are Improved at less expense
than the delta lands and the results
renumerate well the time and labor
expended upon them.
The time for plowing differs with
different 1 Ilhds and circumstances, but
in wet culture the plowing is generally
done in the spring shortly before plant¬
ing time. In Georgia it Is the custom
with many to plough or dig over with
a hoe early in the winter.
Some planters advocate shallow
plowing; but, if the soil is well drain-
ed dees plowtn* U con»id»red by mAny
to be moro profitable. If deep plowing
just before planting brings too much
alkali to the surface, a good remedy is
to plow a little deeper than the pre¬
vious plowing just, after the harvest.
The alkali will then be washed out be-
fore the spring. Shortly after the plow
the disk harrow should be used and
then followed by the smoothing har-
row, next, in order to secure the best
results, the harrow should be followed
with a heavy roller, which will crush
the lumps making the soil more eom-
pact and conserving the moisture for
germinating the grain. Then It will
ka unnecessary to flood for sprouting,
Thorough drainage and deep plow-
ing have been found to be the only
effective way to dlepoee of the alkali
tfeat to brought to the surfaee by lrri-
gation. An the water to drained away,
the exceee of soluble salt* is carried
Off.
ORIGIN OF THE ROSARY.
An Interesting Legend Associates It
With a Garland of Roses.
Tracing the origin of the ro?ary
back to times and places far remote,
Father Thurston, who read a paper
before the Society of Arts, pointed
out that it would be a greal mistake
to suppose that the use of beads 1 U*
counting prayers was peculiar i<
the Catholic church or was of com-
paratively modern date. To deter-
mine at what time the name rosarv
(rosenkranz) was introduced is ex¬
tremely difficult. Garlands of roses,
implying a reference to the term
of rosary, were a conspicuous feature
pictures and tablets of the iif-
teenth century, but before this no
clear examples are forthcoming. At
that epoch it was common for both
men and women in ordinary life to
wear garlands of flowers and to
place them as a mark of respect
upon the heads of persons and stat¬
ues. Father Thurston is strongly
inclined to believe that its applica¬
tion to the particular devotion now
under discussion was mainly due to
the popularity of a certain story of
a garland which can be traced very
much earlier than the word itself in
almost every part of the Christian-
world. The name must have come
from the story, and the story was
not evolved out of an already pre-
existing name.
The legend in question is briefly
this; A youth was accustomed to
make a wreath of roses or other
flowers every day and to place it
upon the head of Our Lady’s stat-
ue. He became a monk, and in the
cloister his occupations no longer
permitted him to observe this pious
practice. Being much distressed,
he asked counsel of an aged priest,
who advised him to say his Aves ev¬
ery evening, which would he accept¬
ed by Our Lady in lieu of the gar¬
land. This the young man faithful¬
ly observed until one clay while on a
journey he had to pass through a
loneiy wood, where robbers were
lying in wait. Quite unsuspicious
of their presence, he suddenly re¬
membered that his Aves were not
yet said and forthwith stopped to
say them. Then, to their surprise,
the robbers saw a most glorious lady
stand before him and take one after
another from the lips of the kneel-
ing monk fifty beautiful roses,
which she wove into a garland and
placed upon her head. The robbers,
conscience stricken at the vision,
were all converted to a better life,
and themselves soon after entered
the monastery.—London Telegraph.
Dodging a Promise.
The youthful attorney secured a
verdict in favor of the Irishman
charged with murder on the ground
of temporary insanity. He did not
meet his client again for several
months, when the following re¬
marks were exchanged between
them:
“Well, Pat, isn’t it about time
you gave me that extra $200?’’
“Faith, an’ what two hoondred is
thot ?”
“The $200 you promised if I
saved that worthies neck of yours.”
“Sure, an’ did Oi promise thot?
Oi don’t ramimber.”
“Why, Pat, you promised it me.”
Pat scratched his head for a min¬
ute and then with a smile outlawed
the claim with the remark:
“Oh, well, hut ye know Oi was
crazy thin.” — Philadelphia Tele¬
graph.
GA. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE.
WHERE TO PLACE A MANURE
RESERVOIR.
Never build a manure cellar under
the stable; for it will affect the air
breathed by the animals, or fill the
cow stables with microbes that will
surely affect the flavor of the milk
and the butter made from it. The
manure shou ]d be stored in a shed
outside. It may cost more, but it will
pay every time,
GA. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE.
Bleached Cotton Cloth.
In the quality of cotton cloth bleach,
ed Georgia ranks fourth in the union,
Massachusetts coming first with 7S,-
000,000 square yards; New Jersey see-
ond. with 26,000,000 square yards;
Rhode Island third, with 25,000,000
*Q uar e yards, and Georgia fourth, with
14,000,000 square yards.
Beards In Alaska.
Mustaches are not worn by men
exposed to the severity of an Alas¬
kan winter. They wear full beards
protect the throat and face, but
kee P the u PP er ]i P clcan shaven *
The moisture from the breath con-
S becomes ea ^ s so quickly that a mustache
imbedded in a solid cake of
* ce > ^be face is frozen in a short
time.
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