Newspaper Page Text
SBSS
REGULAR WpTJNG.OP
OPVNCflth
Present, Mayor Lewis anil Al^lor-
7)ien "Walton,' I usseter, Bennett.
Absent, -A)! mrtnri > v o; x».
jMi'ti- .. ■. •■’■l . he electric-
ligiit !u front of R. S. Miudleton’s
m le i .• be n inovi'd,and'placed on
east side of VroHlc .and on south
side of crook in ltnQ with 3d Street,
on poles high enough to give light
over anil beyond said trestle, und
that light on north side of said
crock be removed to mossing of
Pino and 1U1 Street, and that a 50
candle power inoaudesoent oleotrio
light bo erected on poles at rear of
tho hank buildings in most con
venient place. Said changes will
be made at the exponce of the bone
fioiariea on Pine and 7th Stroots.
Moved and curried that the drug
stores and all other placdk where
cold drinks are sold be prohibited
from selling any kind of cold drinks
ns a beverage; also cigars and to
bacco and all othor goods kept in
drug stores except drugs for medi
cal purposes, and then only when
absoliilely necessary and in tho
sou ini discretion of licensed phar
macists or physician, on Sunday.
Report of Finance Committee.
‘ SCHOOLS. *
Jan. 11, 1001.
To balstico on hand, $ 748.00
•• 0.8. O. 1,202.50
iMutlriculalion ‘etia 714,07
Paid an por vouchors
By balance
But the country editor lives in and
M of his community. His
virtue is pflfc so much in wbat he
prints as what bo refuses to print.
Ite could casllv destroy the pCiicd of
the community by admitting to his
paper the scandals and gossip or the
neighbors. But he stands as a cen
sor and a guardian of publio morals,
and 1 know of no conditions under
whioh the publio is appealed to in a
certain measure where the utter
ance is so free from oritioiBm as the
general tune of tho'country press. ”
SOMETHING MORE ABOUT GOOD
ROAD8.
2,1100.17
Aug. 10, To Bnl. on band 180.00
$2,630.17
180 00
2,600.17
QITY OK VIENNA. Kosourco Jan 11.
To cash on linml
Pinna and forfeitures
Bales ol comatory lots
Marshal sains
Bills payablo
Street tax 1001
Spueilie liconso
Sundries
Paid as per vouchers
Bnl. Cash on hand
$ 772.52
10.05
85 00
20.47
1,000.16
700.00
1,288.00
20 04
$8,088.18
50.25
8,004.48
$50.26
3,004.48
Aug. To Bulans
Motion carried that report of
finance committee bo accepted
Motion earriod that motion to OX'
tend wntor line to J. B. Forehand’
resndenoo ho tabled until next rogtv
lar meeting of council.
Minnies road and adoped.
Council thou adjourned.
K. R. LEWIS, Mr.yor,
,T. A. WALDEN, Clerk. an J Trctis
One of the gerat needs of every
farmer Is a good country road on
which to haul his produce to market.
Whero he possess this convenience,
he can dispense with some of the
many horses or mules now absolutely
necessary for the hauling of bis wag
ons, which are subject to great wear
and tear when drawn , over the mud
dy highways, so common throughout
Georgia.
How to construct a good road is
the first problem to be solved and
how to keep It in repair is a question
of equal Importance. Good roads can-
enot b constructed and maintained
by merely grading and draining the
surface of the ground. It is neces- available
sary to surface those roads with some gldered
durable material that will rndor thorn plant,
proof against the mud and slush that U
often prevail at the very seasons n r
when the roads are most needed for
tho transportation of tho produce
fields and market gardens.
Not only the farmer, but'the mr
chant bIbo suffers from bad cour
roads or la benefited By good,
graded and thoroughly macadr
highways.
Often oven in rainy seas- ther(j
are days when the people
rural districts would flo ^ the
cities and crowd the s» wer0 lt
not tor the mud hat _ ^
inconvenient if not i|np0BBlble
There Is n abundance oI
good material fc / M to a we „
graded road a F ^ 8ond Burfac0( EO
strong qi ov mi long continued and
heavy rains
mud.
LETTER STATE CHEMIST
John M. McCandlecs Regarding
Fertiliidara.
up twelve and elghty-t’ gfgg hundredths
pounds por hundred Y need ao long
er ask what conr ^itiVes tho other
! oighty-eeven and se - renteen hundredths
I pounds. All this a xtra 87.17 per cent.
, i~ filler’ put in 1 ^atui-e and not by
ruifli.
HE GIVES FULL EXPLANATION
All A
pout “Fillers.’'
Of the Analysis of Fertilizers Contain
ed In His Last Letter and Also Dle-
cuasss tho Subject cf "Flllerc."
In the analysis of the complete fer
tilizer, the mono-calcic or superphos-
hhfn of lime given at 9.52 ner cent.,
coninina 5.78 ’.or cent. ' vya*. .-r-Kulnble-j
iiiiusphorio ac : d. Thai k- to .,a> in I
one hundred pounds of tho fertilizer, |
there are nine a&d fifty-two hunilvecllha
pounds of superphosphate of lime
which dissolves readily In water, ar
of this amount five and seventy-el
hundredths pounds arc pure ph'o r
rlc acid. In like manner the
lzer contains in one hundred
3.02 pounds of reverted plin,
lime, and of this amount o-
ty-elght hundredths pound _
phosphoric acid, and re 1
in water, but which
slowly In the soil and
Is also sometimes ca’
ble” phosphoric ae'
solves in a solutlr
monla made to
Boil water. T'
phorlc acid or
verted phosp'
are added
pounds, a
In this con' J0C t; 0n we n iay profitably
a W xirds In regard to ’’flllers."
A ‘'filler’’ r aay be de fl nod ^ being any
substance t pd t into a fertilizer, or ex-
Filler
arflf
ins
six sacks,, analyzing 13.76, 3.60 and
3.54, you would have been saved the
cost of mining, pulverizing and freight
ing of the artificial “filler’’ lo the fac
tory, and the freight on four sacks
if from tile factory-lo your railroad
^tatlou, and o w n :ir ajjjjj oar on
your mule k.’i.u ih 1 : 'vtra one.
hundred jufund'- tun miles to the farm.
Wouldn’t It have been much bet e-
have bough! the six sacks, and when,
you got home, if you wanted It in the
proportion of 8-2-2,. which Is a good
proportion, to have mixed up the six
acm, nitrogen 0 . , saoks! yourself with wood’s earth, or
of two kinds, natural and | |L po( U or even sftndi before distrib •
I think I hear you say, well
d
ght
<pho-
fertll-
pourins
.ptaro ct
,c nud lii-
,s are pure
adily soluble
does dissolve
soil-water. This
died “citrate-solu-
A, because lt dls-
>n of cltrat. eof am-
imitate the action of
ho water-soluble phos-
6.78 pounds, and the rc-
norlo acid, or 1.68 pounds,
together, making 7.30
istiiig i aer0 na t ul - a ]iy, which Is not
4>rlo acid, nitrogen or potash
t are
/eial. I have just given you an
ianco of a natural “filler," in the
/xiplete analysis of the fertilizer made
>ut of acid phosphate, cotton seed
meal and .kalnit, and In this mixtu-o
only twelve and eighty-three hun
dredths pounds per hundred consisted
of phosphoric acid, nitrogen and' pot
ash; the rest was all filler, put there
by nature In the original making of
these materials. It Is true, man did
put In some sulphuric acid, but that
was nece: .vary to make phosphoric
»cM available or soluble, so it can
scarcely be considered as an artificial
filler.
The artificial “filler” Is the filler put
In by man for tlio purpose of reducing
the total percentage of plant food In
a fertilizer. TEe materials used as
artificial "flllers” are numerous; they
may be sand, powdered cinders, graph
ite slate, shale, pyrites cinder, marl,
gypsum, etc. All of them are prac
tically without any value as fertilizers;
how is it, then, you inquire, that such
Ad their sum Is called the j BUbgtanoeg can be put lnto our fert n.
phosphoric acid, being con
as available for the uso of the
will not convert lt Into
When
built, th
In rep
Whor
stri:
ti'
THE COUNTRY NEWSPAPER.
• Macon Nows: Tho country news
papers in Georgia, and their oilitors,
are notod for honesty, independence,
patriotism, prido, progessivenosB
and intelligence. A vein of high
character runs through them. The
country newspaper wherever found
is an influence for good. Its mis
sion is to contribute to the better
ment of mankind Ttis a power in
moulding public opinion. It can
always bo depended upon to do its
part to help protect and preserve
the government. It is a better
safeguard of the liberties of the
people than a stauding army. It is
a potent factor in the material de
velopment and substantial progress
of tne section in which it oirculatos.
It ib an omen of success—a rainbow
of progress. It is a teacher of mor-
^Hy, tri J '- ! 5 honor. Ii won
Aich a road has once been
.«& it Is necessary to keep it
Mr and maintain Its solidity,
a railroad company has con
doled a road after the most scien
ce method, of the best of rails and
ballasted It In the most perfect man
ner, It keeps a permanent foroe of
road hands, with Inspectors for ev
ery section, and endeavors to keep
ovory foot of track in thorough order.
The same diligence is needful ti
the keeping of the best constructed
country road in good condition.
To do everything that Is necessary
both for the construction and proper
keeping of such a road, requires
considerable outlay of money, but tho
ultimate profit fo the farmer and the
merchant, tho country and the city,
will far exceed all that may have
been expended.
Many of the counties of Georgia
are already .blessed with well built
and well maintained country roads,
and tholr number ts-stoadlly Increas
ing.
Let tho good work go on until
every county In Georgia can boast of
as good roads as those which are
the pride and comfort of both town
and country in th vicinity of our
great citieB and some of our large
and rapidly growing towns.—Georgia
Department of Agriculture.
However, Washington was "both too
modest and too truthful to say himself
that he never told a lie.
A
eyes
m.
fc.
iso, k.
t wed’.'ijv w ?ji
a in/ offf
open e ven w, 2i.
Vr to .opt ,iur ti- "i to tear.ilowjf.
j ngs nm noli ble sings to Jui Jen rue •w«n.
liiauiLV, wlievuas its own ifivincial
rowiira is sin.Ul.
) i a recent ..Mrc.ss by Senator j Intere* >
il LV;. w bo. a the New . , .
- • | A lawyer wouiu not china .uiuu'g-
Tork Press Association at Man hat- lug for tzylng a ease of champagne.
It takes two to play at thecasjb uf
lovo. t U ti>?* ? «aa make lt m %h more
tan Beaeh, be paul the following
beautiful tribute to the country
newspapers;
” | pay my respects to and express
my admiration for the country
newspaper and the country editor.
His lii.es are not cast in places of
tho grea' and | i">‘ilalde organs of
1 e me ; •;.t i wl Viyo ; n o
Teckoncd .il'ton by me „i... ,u
thout.ai.Js iw.iars everv tear.
' Overeating kills more men than over
work, but the former is the pleasanter
death.
A shallow man should take a tnmbls
to himself and dig.
Naturally most of the trusts are
formed at the son hoard, where the
supply of water is unlimited.
nfler the "reverted" phosphate of
ae you will see In the analysis there
.re 1.99 pounds of trhqalclc phosphate,
or, as it Is usually called, "Bono-Phos-
phate” of lime. Of this amount tO.91)
ninety-one hundredths of a pound is
pure phosphorio acid, but it is in the
form of trl-cololc phosphate, and will I
not dissolve in'pure water or in the !
soil-water, and lt Is, therefore, called j
tho “Insoluble” phosphoric acid. lt I
Is sometimes also called the “Acid’' I
soluble phosphoric a'dd Because, when
tho chemist analyzes lt, he uses phos
phoric acid to dissolve lt. The “Avail-
able” phosphoric acid and the “Insol
uble’’ phosphoric acid addod together
make what Is called the "Total” phos
phoric acid, or all the phosphorio aold
there Is in the fertilizer.
Valuable Qaultties of the Gypsum that
Is Found In Fertilizers.
Referring back to the analysis, un
der the Item trl- or Bone-phosphate,
you will find that the fertilizer also
contains twenty-four and six tenths
pounds of sulphate of-llme or gypsum
or land plaster, which are all differ
ent names for one and the same thing.
Gypsum is a good fertilizer of- Itself,
and lias a special action of Us own In
the soil, breaking up the potash-yield
ing silicates in clay soils and bringing
the potash Into soluble form as sul
phate of potash. This gypsum, as
has been remarked, was formed when
the sulphuric acid was mixed with the
powdered phosphate rock, and lt Is
now held a prisoner by the lime In
such a way that It has lost all of Its
former caustic and corrosive qualities,
and can do no harm but only good iu
the soil.
Under the Item of gypsum we find
3.19 pounds of sulphate of potash;
this comes out of the kaimt used in
qmktng the fertilizer, and it contains
one and seven tenths pounds of actual
potash (KB 0). Under ttis item you
find three-tenths of a pound of muriate
of potash, which.alse came out of the
kainll, and this .contains 0.19 of a
pound of actual potash; under this
item again you find 0.5G of a pound of
actual potash. This came out|of the
cotton seed meal. Adding the three
actual potash items together, they
amount to two and forty-five hun
dredths per cent (2:48) or pounds per
hundred. Lastly, look further down
the line till you come to the item pro
tein. You already know ail tbout
protein as I have written you so much
about it in previous letters. This
tBifVefv a”i two ho-ths -'.v-nits'
,.rr tl’i* , »ins >•“ •".ii -.I ho-
■ -V ID pout, is “f n..iogcn.
r. t’ta’i. Deport.u :-.t
Ai - i .iliuro jm.tyzeif.fertiliser*!; does
no, make such an r-valyslB u this,
he i us it would be too laiiorK-us, too
f fly, -would .a.. /do cd -rao-
Jcal g , ”• g3 at. once into kSe
meat of It and analyze the fertilizer
for its available pho3pnorlc acid, Its
nitrogen and potash, and. calculate n
value from these three ingredients.
The analysis of such a fertilizer as
we have been discussing would appear
In (Be annual Bulletimln this form:
Available phosphoric acid ... v 7-36 p.c.
Insoluble phosphoric acid....1,0.91 P.c.
Nltrofeen 2.L1 p.c.
Potash (K2Q) 2.45 p.c.
lzerB, If we have an efficient inspec
tion by the Department of Agriculture.
I will explain to you how that Is.
Suppose that a manufacturer, Instead
of having on hand only South Carolina
Acid phosphate, cotton seed, meal and
kalnit when you call on him for an
8-2-2 goods, has on hand i^pme of the
highest grade materials known to the
trade.
He has say, acid phosphate made
from Tennessee or Florida rock, which
contains 20 per cent, of available phos
phoric-acid; also nitrate of soda with
10 per cent, of nitrogen, dried blood
with fourteen per cent, nitrogen, sul
phate of ammonia with twenty per
cnt. nitrogen, muriate of potash w
60 per cent, of potash; with these ma
terials on hand he receives your order
for a fertilizer, guaranteed to contain
as small on amount of plant food as
tho law will permit, viz.; twelve per
cent., made up of eight per cont avail
able phosphoric acid, two per cent,
nitrogen, two per cent, potash. Con
sidering the materials he has on hand,
he figures out this formula;
826 pounds of 20 p. e. acid phosphate
216 pounds 14 p. o. dried blood
75 pounds of 16 p. c. nitrate of soda
85 pounds 60 p. c. muriate of potash
1200 pounds
Now In this 1,200 pounds of high-
grade materials he has all the plant
food you called for, with a smajl mar
gin for safety. You called for eight
per cont. of a ton In available phos
phoric acid or one hundred nnd sixty
pounds, and In his 826 pounds of-twen-
ty por cent, acid phosphate he has
given yen one hundred and sixty-five
pounds of available phosphorjc aold;
you called for two per cent, of a ton,
or torty pounds of nitrogen, and In his
215 pounds of dried blood, containing
fourteen per cent, nitrogen and seven
ty-five pounds nitrate of soda with six
teen per cent of nitrogen, he has giv
en you forty-two and one-tenth pounds
of nitrogen. In like manner you called
for forty pounds of potash, and In
eighty-five pounds of fifty per cent,
muriate of potash he Baa given -you
forty-two and a half pound's of actual
potash- Now the best thing both for
you and the manufacturer, the cheapest
thing for both of you, would be for
him to send you that twelve hundred
pounds put up In six sacks, which, up
on Inspection and analysis, would
show:
Available Phosphoric Acid . .13.75 p. c.
Nitrogen 3.50 p. c.
PqtfKli 3 .'4 p. c.
utlng?
that’s lino, but why don’t you fix the
law and raise the grade so these fel
lows can’t put In all this* artificial
"filler.”
My dear friend, there never yet
was, and there never will be, a law
framed which can meet all the condi
tions of a great social and Industrial
problem, or which will compensate for
the fnilure to exercise his own intel
ligence on the part of the individual .
citizen. Think for a moment, sup
pose we should, pass a Inw making^
lt Impossible to use any artificial ‘'fill
ers” In the manufacture of commercial
fertilizers, by raising the grade to a
very high point. Do you not .see that
by so doing (re should at Mice paralyze
fhls great Industry, and cut short the
cotton crop of the State, slnco we
would at once bar the use of South
Carolina acid phosphate, cotton seed
meal and kalnit and a number of other
good material of similar grade, an
thus at once raise the price of the"
high-grade materials to an unheard-of
dogree by greatly increasing the de
mand for them?
No,| the conditions have been very
thoroughly studied in every particular
by the Commissioners of Agriculture
of (lie various States, aided and ad
vised by .those best qualified by experi
ence and training to understand the
matter In all of its details, and the re
sult of their deliberations Is embodied
In the new Georgia fertilizer law print
ed In Bulletin 39. This law raises
the grade of commercial fertilizers
from a total plant food of ten per®
cent, minimum under the. old law to ’
twelve per cent, minimum, and pro
tects the farmer in every way that a
good and just law can protect him. ii
will give him the highest grade of
fertilizers he has ever bought, It will
protect him against fraud, it will guar
antee that he gets overy pound of fer
tilizing value that he pays for; in fine,
lt Is the best fertilizer law now on
the statute books of any State, but
even 1 such a law cannot prevent the
use of ’■•fillers.”
Oply education on the part of the
farmer, and a demand on his part for
the higher grades of fertilizers wfll
eliminate the use of “fillers.” When
you and your brother farmers study
the per centages of plant food h
fertilizer, and prefer to buy five or Blx
sacks of a high-grade goods to buying
ten sacks of’ a goods containing only
the same quantity of actual plant food,
then there will be no more “filler” put
Into high-grade fertilizer materials,
but the capital of the manufacturer,
and the skill of the chemist will be
exerted in tlie effort to take out of the
present low-grade fertilizer materials
as much as possible of the "filler,”
which God and nature have put there.
Yours truly,
JNO. M. McCANDLESS,
j State Chemist
Lyi tin,
you .rust
au “ n't hav > it th. c v a;
xve a • n, ton sa k*> cf 8 2-
: .m't Itjnj; p man when »e's going
downhill unless you are et-italn thm 1
he lias no pun.
so the era' ctv or r.ither rha;’. c> ter
upon a campaign of education •• 1th
all of Wo C'.'otsimers, obligingly t; ights
Into ins- f .! w eight b’’nc:«.
of powdered . te mined :-ol-.i, v < -c
miles away, utterly worthless as fer
tilizer, and mixes it In with the twelve
hundred pounds of good fertilizer mak
ing one ton. This mixture on inspection
and analysis shows :
Available Phosphoric Acid... .8.25 p. c.
Nitrogen .2.10 p. x
Potash 2.12 p. c.
Not For Her.
“Fanny, sweetest of women,” ex
claimed the impulsive young Guy Da
Point, “iong have I wished for this op
portunity to pour my soul at your feet.”
“Don’t do it,” replied the beautiful
girl in alarm, looking wildly about for
a high place. “I haven’t got ray rub
bers on.”
“You do not understand," said the
young man sadly. “I spoke only in
metaphor. You are the light of my
life.”
“Go easy, there. I don’t allow people
to make fun of my red hair.”
“Don’t Jest, Fanny. You are all the
world to 'me. Let us understand each
otter.”
well, since you. insist Yo>: me
not , chf. j- i., the moon 1 z»'."
"iiV- • . ii a algt he asked floaty.
“No, , Id, hvt jou ha~e u arrival
due you . t your - appy homo in just
fifteor minutes. Tell your tea te .RUt
you i bed wf» hot bricks at your
’eel. •> yon vl'l tetd htfygir iv tils
xorniijif ’ Ana tlie kao?£% young
I tiling swopt from the room, v
If all flesh is grass, why isn't dried
beef hay?
All a man has to do who wants thir
teen different diseases le to call in thir
teen different doctors.
. 4.12.88 p.c.
As yen this 'ajliiyK 3'iijtr:;f'foots
No wise man will wear a celluloid
A Small Quantity of High Grade Fertll- collar when he starts out to have a hot
lzer Better than a Large Quantity j time.
of a Lower Grade. j —
! Now suppose you had exercised a A billposter is a supers'.!hens nun.
' little come." :■ sense and bought the H<> ^ IIov?s ln