Newspaper Page Text
THE
JB<j JAu. /,' (./ / A
DETOTED TO Tin: MINING, AGRICULTURAL AND EDUCATION At INTERESTS OF CLEVELAND, WIIITF COUNTY AND NORTH-EAST GEORGIA.
TERMS: One Dollar Per Year.
VOL. IV.
CLEVELAND, WHITE COUNTY!
ElII DAY , 1) EC E M B E R 0, 1895.
NO. 49.
PIEDMONT AIR LINE.
THE MESSAGE.
A It E V I K W O F I 111-: COU N I It V*
\ FI AIRS BY MU. CLEVELAND.
OOKDKN8RD SCHEDULE OK PASSENGER TRAINS,
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4 10p
5 0<»p
6 2b p
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"A” a. m. ‘*1*” p. m. * M ’ noon. "N" night.
Nob. R7 mul :W—Wnnli ngton nud Senthwi**tern
V« HlMiloi 1.)in11«-«1 'iliiiMigh Piiliniuii sloppcn
between New*\<»k hik! n» w ortemi*, via Wm-h-
liigiui , Atl.iMtH tind M.*nigomuiy, »ikI h!m» be
ta ten New Yu k mxl Memphis, via \Ya Mngton,
aiIkuia and tllrmiiighuiu. inning Cure.
No* as and Mi United S'r.tcs fr.ht Mail, rulltnan
Fleeplt'g Cura buuvien Ailuiiia, New Orleans uud
•New York.
Nor. 81 and r>2, Fxposltion Fiver, Through Pull*
man sleeper* between Now York and Atlanta via
W*tdnngutu. On TueRdayB mid *1 litm-du}* con*
nettU»U Will bo n ode t oin Richmond with No.
a], and on tli«*c *1»»t* #* rnlhnnn Sb eping C ur will
be operated betw.en Kb hmond and aiImuIh, On
Wednculns ami Suti.r ay* connection from At
lanta in Richmond with through Bleeping car
will be to leave Atlanta by truin No. 32.
Nob. llond 12, Pulhnon Bleeping Car between
Richmond, lJnnvil.e and capeusboro.
thus taken are nil tho more likely to re-'
bull in future safoty to our citizens in
Chinn, because the imperial government
is, 1 am persuaded, entirely convinced
that wo desire only tho liberty and pro
tection of our own eitiaens and radios*
lor any wrongs they may have suffered,
uud that we have no ulterior designs ox
objects, political or otherwise. Ohinu
will not forgot either our kindly service
to hot* citizens during her late war not
tho further fact that, while furnishing
all tho facilities at our command tc
further tlxo negotiation of peace be
twcon her and Japan, wa sought no ad*
vantages and interposed no counsel.
Tho governments of both Chinn and
Japan have, in special dispatches, trnns
nutted through their respective diplo-
mafic xepresontatives expressed in a
most pleasing manner their grateful ap
preciation ot oux assistance to their citi
zens during the unhappy struggle, and
ot the value of cur aid in paving the
way to their resumption of peaceful
relations
Our Delations With Franco.
The customary cordial relations be
tween this country and France havi
been undisturbed, with tho exception
that a full explanation of the treat
ment of John L WalW by tho ex
traordinary military authorities of
Franco still remains to ho given.
Waller, formerly United .States consul
nt Tnmntftvo, remained in Madagascar
alter his term of office expired, and was
apparently successful in procuring bus
ine.ss concessions from the liovas ot
greater or less value After the occu
pafioti of Tamatavn and the declaration
of martial law by the French, he waa
arrested upon various charges, among
them that of communicating military
information to tho enemies of Franco,
was tried and convicted by a military
tribunal ami sentenced to 20 years' im
prisonment Following the course just
ified by abundant precedents, this gov
ernment requested from that of Franco
tho record of the procodo of tho French
tribunal which resulted in Waller’s
ports concerning these depart mental I condomnatiou. This request has boon
operations If justly and fairly exam- i complied with to tho extent of supply-
ined they will furnish proof of ussidu- j ing a copy of tho official record, from
ons and puinstaken care for the public , which appear the constitution and or-
welfare, I press the recommendations j ganization of tho court, the charges ns
the contain upon then -pcctful attention j formulated, and the goneral course ami
of those charged with the duty of leg* j result of the trial, and by which it is
ha Financial situation Discussed a
Longl li-.St rongly Agilust Brcrn-
backv-Vene/.iiolun Dispute Shoul
lie Submitted to Arbitration, Kto.
Washington, Dec. 8, 1805.
Mcssago to tho Congress of tho Uuited
States:
The present assemblage of the legisla
tive branch of our government occurs at
a time when tho interests of our people
and tho needs of tho country give es
pedal prominence to the condition of
our foreign relations and tho exigencies
of our national finances The reports of
the heads of the several administrative
departments of tho government fully
and plainly exhibit what has been no
eomplished within the score of their ro-
ipe< five duties and present each recom
mendations for the betterment of our
country's rendition as patriotic and in
tc-lligent labor ami observation suggest
1 therefore deem my executive duty
adequately performed at this time by
presenting to tho congiexs the import
ant pliuses of our situation as related to
our intercourse with foreign nations,
and a statement of the financial prob
lem which confronts us. omitting, ex
cept as they are related to these topics,
any reference to department operations.
I earnestly invite however, not only
the careful consideration hut the se
verely critical sci uitny of the congress
and my fellow countrymen to the ro
of the nwnrd. havi Jifcen earnestly urged
upon the British government, but tir.n
far without elYe«tlvo#pHUUs. lu the mean
time the depletion 61 tho seal henls by
meant of p ilugk'- DifWiug has so alarming
ly progressed thathtmMs their slaughter is
at unco effectively chockt-d, their extinc
tion within a Unv J utffsrsoems to be a mat-
tor of absolute !crhiu*ty.
The underRtRiflinf by which the Uni
ted St«t»-s was to,|TRvfluid Great Britain
to receive, a lump Ahi'i of ?i a.uui) m full
■i-Ulument of all DnSasli claims for dam i-
ges Arising frmq ®m^Hi>i/.uru of British
sealing vessels, nnauthor zed under rhe
award of the Form Uibunal of arbitration,
whs not confirmed fr tho last conitresB,
which declined to m iko tho neccssiry ap
propriation. I am sfjll of tho opinion th it
this arrangement jtis n judicious and
advantageous one lyr* the government,
4U.d 1 earnestly reftaumend that it ba
ngaln consideredniA^siyiielioiied. If, how-
t'Vd, this does nAt |Ui i;t with the favor of
congress, it certainl|f Will hardly dissent,
from tli« nroposmo^ tlmt tho government
is bound uy every Anslderation of honor
and good faith to )#< vldo for tho speedy
Adjustment of tllOKRClaiins by ar hit lai loti
as the only oth«*altfrnative. A treaty of
arbitration has' bfKUirToro been agreed
upon, and wiirWfe inimedi Holy laid before J
tho senate, so thafi in ouo of the modes
suggested, litml scuBL'iuent may bo reach |
ed ’i bo commi»HiiJ^i*tH appointed to mark \
th* international Uamulary in Pass mi x
quodfty bay nccftrduig to a treaty, have
not yet fblly a.itrjBud{
The AlaskRn Uonndary,
strancc and a claim for tndeninHr, which
is not, thus far conceded. Mr. Thurston,
the Hawalln minister having furnished
this government with abundant reason
for asking that be be recalle I, that course
was pursued and bla uucceshOi* has lately’
btiku received.
Tho 81 rug sling Cnbnua.
Cuba is again gravely dV.:;rh*d An
insurrection, inlotnerespects, mor-j r*rt;v •
than tho last preceding tevoir. which
continued from lsiH to '. V *S, now existb
n large part of tho eastern interior of ths
iaiau l. menacing even vomo popu.'aticnx
on the coast. 11 side-t der-ttiging t lie com
im-rctal exelnuges of the itland of whf i
our country tak' « the predomina it shar°
this flagrant condition of huatnit es. by
mousing cmotlntiHl sympitiiy and ir.lH
ing iidventuioUH support amouug our
people h is entailed earnest effort nit t'.M
ji in-of t his government to enforce oh? P.
cnee to our neutrality laws and t.. prevetK.
the territory of the United States from
being abused ns a vantags grnuti l from
which to ai l tlmsoin arms against Span
Hoverignty, whatever maybe tin
ish
tdiown that tho accused was tried in
open court and was tide tided by coun-
buiFine arg^Tiiityrrpxuitic ana wa In agreeable contrast to the difference
W. A. TURK, B. IT. HARDWICK.
Oen’l Ph»b. Ag’t, Afta’t Gcu'l I’akb. Ag’t,
Washing ion, D. C. Atlanta, Ga.
W. B. RYDER, Superintendent, Charlottk,
Nohtii Carolina.
t. H. GREEN, J. M. CULP,
Gen'lfcupt, Trsfllc M’g’r,
Washington, I> C. Washington, IX 0
TURKS STILL ACTIVE
IN T1IKIU OUIRAC.KOUS HUTCII-
KUY OF AUMENl.VNS.
Protection From tlie Porto Is Con
sidered as a Farce.
The London Times publishes u dis
patch from Julfa, dated November
28th, saying that the Armenian vil
lages between Fonda an t Van, proba
bly to the number of forty-six, have
been destroyed by the Ilamidieh cav
alry.
All the reports sny that tho number
of persons killed was very large. The
refugees am mostly going to the city
of Van. There x\ i 11 probably bo a
ma-sacro in Van soon. Cannon nro
trained on the houses of tho Armen
ians and the trees along tho streets
have beeu felled to give free range to
their fire. Reports pay that the
H tinidieli cavalry arc raiding tho en
tire province of Van and committing
hotr.ble atrocities.
Many women have been carried to
the mountains. Van is the only place
that has beon untouched by the Kurds,
who are seizing !arg“ numbers of sheep
and cattle. The whole population of
the village of Jurtaloti, numbering
200, have been killed. The Ilamidieh
cavalry attacked Iv.tnmr, ft Per i to
village, but were repulsed by tho gar
rison in the f rt.
Turkish regulars waited outside tho
village t<» join in ih • j respective plun
der. Aft. r being r<-pulsed the H.mii-
dieh cavalry destroyed the small Pei-
sian village. Arm* d band* of Arrao-
ninus are c-iit ring Van from Persia.
One band fought the Hatnidieb cavalry
for two days near Serai. Many are
reported to have b«*en killed.
The cavalry withdrew and plundered
and destroyed Ser-*i. Many ne-dorians
in the Bashkova district are reported
to have beeu killed.
iblution, boctiuso I believe their arloj;
tion would promote, the peoples* good.
By umenautory tariff legislutiou in
January list, the Argentine republic, I Hut the evidence adduced in support of
recognizing the valued the large mar- tho charges which was not received by
ket opened to tho free importation of the French minister for foreign affairs
its wools under our last tariff net, has till the Hut week in October has thus
admittod eortuin ,m„lucl« °f tl.n Umto.l . ", rmkln^'th.-KVotuirt I'hat'iM pro'luc'
b at.-H to entry at re.l uni duties. It la . tio:i tn mp ' onM ourWemaml «■ ail.l
pleasing to ii to that tiro efforts wc hnvo ta i,u s |, „ i,„| 1>m -r<lent. Thu efforts of
made to enlarge-tho exchanges of trado our amlmsBiiflur to procure Jit, however,
on a sound basis of mutual benefit ur© ' ‘ ‘ ‘
in this instance appreciated by t lie coun
try from which our woolen factories
draw their needful supply of raw ma
terial.
Argeutlno Ikomuluvy DUputo.
though impeded by recent changes in the
French ministry, have not been relaxed,
and it is confidently expected that sonto
b aUf ictory solution of tho matter will
shortly Jn; tvached.
Meatiwhlli It appears that Waller’s con-
flucttieut ha) every alleviation which tho
In agre
above noted respecting a matter of com
mon concern where nothing is sought ex
cept such a mutually satisfactory out
come ns the true merits of the case
require, is the recent resolution of the
French chum bora favoring the conclusion
of a permanent treaty of arbitration be
tween the two countries.
An invitation lms been extended by
France to the government and people of
the United Staten to participate in a great
international exposition nt Paris in 1900
as a suitable comtnemora'ioii of the close
this, the world's marvellous century of
progress. 1 heartily recommend its ac
ceptance, together with such legislation
as will adequately provide for a due rep
resentation of this government and its
people on this occasion.
Itcliitloiis With Germany.
Our relations with the states of tho Ger
man empire nro. in some aspects, tyoical
of a condition of things elsewhere found
in countries whose productions and trade
are similar to our own. The close rival-
ri» s of competing industries; the influence
of the delusive doctrine that tho internal
development of a nation is promoted and
its wealth increased by a policy which in
undertaking t<» reserve its home markets
for the. exclusive use of its own producers
necessarily obstructs t heir sales in foreign
markets and prevents free access to too
products of the world; tho desire
The complotioi! o&the preliminary sur
vey of thc'Alaskahbouml.ary which lol-
lows the opmoui- oT the coast Horn Lite
southernmost point?of Prince of Wales
island tinti1;jt strides tho otto hundred
and lorty-ilrst pic fall in at or near tho
summit of Mount ML-Ellus awaits further
ni-ces-.ary m-pr ipr-lation. which is ur
gently recommend^!. This survey was
undertaken under tfio provisions of the
convention entered p\to by this country
ami Great Britain J-^ly 1892. ami the
supplementary ^convent ion ol Fobruury
3, lMM. t
As to t.lie remfltinfng section of tho Alas
kan boundary, which folio vs tho ono
hunrlred and fortv-llrst merir.ian north*
wardly from MounfSt. Elias to tho frozen
ocean*tho settlement ot which involves
the physical location of tho meridian men
tioned. najRWventlonal agreement lias yet
been nm lC Thc s.k’Rrtaiument of a given
meridian Wm par.icnlnr point is a work
requiring«much time and care ul observa
tions and surveys. Buell observations uud
Hiirvox# were undertaken by tho United
SiatoTcoust and geodetic survey in 189)
and 893, while similar work iq* tho same
quarters under British auspices urn be
lieved todiiyo near;yiJ^Incident result, hut
these Mitrve)A» have been imiepemlently
conducted mid no lilt erunt ioual agreement
to mark those or any other parts of the
liumired and lorty-ilrst meridian by per-
nnnent..monuments has yet been male,
in tlie meantime tite valley of the Yu son
is becomiitg a high’Vr/ty th lough the hith
erto unexplored wilds of Alaska, and
abundant mineral wealth has heon dis
covered in t htt ration especially nt or
m-ar the jnhatjon of th • b mn (ary
traditional sympathy of our country
men, as individuals, with a people
who seem t> lie struggling for lar
autonomy. Greater freedom do
j>t*nd ns such sympathy, naturally must
Ee in behalf of our noighlnr*. yet the
plain duty of their government is to oh
B Tvo in good faith the recognized obliga
tion* of international relationship. Tho
I performance of this duty should not be
made more difficult, by a disregard on tho
I part of our citizens of the obligations
! growing out of their allegiance in
tneir country, which should restrain
them Iron violating, us individuals,
the neutrality which tlie nation
which they nro members is bound
to ubs-rv - in its relations of frir
ly sovereign states. Tiiough n it nor
tho warmth ufourpeople’s sympathy with
the Cuban insurgents nor our loss and
in iteriul dam ago consequent upon tho
futile endeavors thus far m ulu to restorn
peace and order, 1101*11113’ shock our hum in
sensihiiilius may have received from thu
j cruelties which appear to especially .char-
I ucieri/.o this sanguinary and finely con
ducted war, lm\o in the lc» ist shaken tho
determination of tho government to lion
e 1 t v fulfill every luteruiitioii u obligation,
yet it. is to ho earnestly Imped, on every
ground, that the devastation of nrtn-d
conflict may speedily be st ayed and order
and quiet restored to tho distracted islan I,
bringing in tint train of activity and thrift
of peaceful pursuits
only temporary use ar.d to meet the emer
gettcy of war. In almost if not. till the
laws relatim. totiuMn. sotne provision was
made con'.etnpl »ting their voluntary or
eotnpuLory retirement. A largo quan
tity 1.! them, however, were kept on loot
and mingled with too currency of the
c uniry, so tlint at flit; »lose of tlie year
■ Mt, they amounted to $-lSl,WJ 9J3. lin
nn*d!uttd*y tt ter that date, and in January
a law was passed providing for the
te-umptlon of sn- ie payin mts. I>y which
tlie set n lary ol the tie tsmy was required,
wh-itc-ver a‘idilional lirculaliot w as is
nv, dionati nil lur.ks to retire United
Mute* note* equal In amount i>» Kf pot*
4 e..t of su-.li ad lit Ion *1 national b-ir.k tir
« ulrttiou utit'.l b'.uh notes were reduced t ?
i * h ** 1
>1-1 that on
This law findh
aftet Jan 1. 1^7.», 'he Uulu* t ’rfiatea noU*«
t ln-i. nut standing should he ted'a-med it*
ir/.n and in ordc-t to provide and prepare
for such redempLon the secretary of tns
treasury was authorized not only to ;mu
any etirplus revenues of the government
but to tssuo bonds of tho United Slates
and tluspoiie of ilium fur coin and tons*
tho pro.ceils for thu purposes content’,)
luted by the slat ties
In May. Dili, and before tho date thus
appointed for redemption and retirement,
of these notes, another statute was pissed
forbidding their further cancellation and
retirement Some of them h id however,
b.- ti previously redeemed and cancelled
up n tin* issue of ad fit ion ul national bank
circulation, as permitted by thu law of
Dm, so that the amount outstanding at
tlie time ot the p t-s ige of the act forbid
»lmg their lurth.r retirement was ?:Hh,
tktl tMO.
Tite law of 1878 did not stop nt distant
prohih.iioii, hut contained, in addition,
the following express provision*
"Ami when any of s till n *tes may bt» ro-
detune I or l)u reudved into the treasury,
undei any law, from any source whatever,
an I shall belong to the Unit»d .States,
th *y shall not be retired, cuncello I or de
stroy d but they shill l> • reissued and
paid out a rain and kept in eircul itlon.”
T ie government w is put in the anom
alous Htiuuti m of owing to the itoldurs of
its n »tes, dents payable in gold 0:1 demand
which could noilh-r bo retired l>v receiv-
Hiteli notes in discharge of obligitions
suspicion that a large part of the gold
paid into the treasury upon such sales
was promptly drawn out again by the
presentation of United .States notes or
t re imiry notes and found its way to tins
Lands of those wh > had cnly temporarily
parted with it in the purchase of bondg.
An agreement was tlicue ore made with
n number of tlcuiuder* and bankers where*
Ly it was stipulated that b aids described
tn tr.e resumption net of D7'», payable tn
coin thirty years after their date, bearing
interest at the rata of 4 per cent, per an
no 111. and amounting f:> about $G2,(MK).U0O
► luu’. l la* cXv’haageJ for gold, receivable
by weight, amounting to a little more
t nan Sn ., , »>). , it)J
TUI* gold was to be delivered In such in-
n.a.lments as would complete its delivery
within about tux months from the date of
the contr ict. ari l at least one half of tho
amount was to b- 1 urn:.shed from abroad.
U was also agreed by those supplying tlil«s
cold tti.it during the continuance of the
contract they would by every mean's
In t heir pftwer to protect the government
against gold withdrawals
On the day that contract was made its
terms were comtuunio tie ! to congress by
a special executive message in which it
was stated tlmt more t nan si.xt *en millions
of dollars would be saved t > tho g worn-
meat if gold bon 19 bearing three per cent,
interest were authorize 1 to be substituted
L.r those mentioned i't the contract. Tho
congress having declined to grat the ne
cessary authority to secure mis saving,
the contract, unmodified, was sarried out,
resulting in a go.d reserve amounting o
$107.571 2*D on th * 8th d ly of July, 1 5,
the performance of this contract not o y
restored tho reserve, but cdieecsed fc n
time the withdiawals of go d and brou t
on >1 p* rind of restored con idenco and st h
peace and quiet in ousiness circles as w 0
of tho great st possible value to every \-
tcrest that affect d our p ople. I fm o
never had tlie slight st misgiving as co
the wisdom or propriety of tho. arrange
ment an 1 am quite w lling to answer for
my full share of ro ison-ibilit.y for its pro
motion. 1 is lii-ve it averte l a disaster tho
imminence of which was, fortunately, not
nt tlie time geticrrlly umler.4tOjd by our
people.
Though the contract, mentioned stayed
time toe tide of gol 1 withdrawal, its
duo the government, nor cancelled by I good results could not t»e p ermanent, lie
uni payments in gold, it was forced to
redeem wituiouL redemption and to pay
wit bout acquittancu.
Th'*t*j lin 1 iiu*n isHUOil and sold $9’»,50'V
0 in of tax bonds autiiorizo l by tin* resump
tion net of 187 , tho proceeds of which, to-
OiiuftoiiililoniHlnnco of interference by ] gcttier with other gold in tho treasury, | in the
Bpaiu with passing American ships has oc* created a gold fund deemed sufficient to well ii
meet the oem unls which might be made
upon it for the redemption of tho out
standing Un ted States notes. This fund,
tog t her with such other gold as might bo
front time to time in the treasury avail
able for the s unn purp iso, has been sin *e
called our goid reserve, and $109,00.1,Off.)
has been r.-g ir lu 1 us an a (equate amount
to accomplish its ooj -ct. This fund
amouiitedoaJ.it!. 1, 1878. to $114.193.309,
and biioiwh thereafter constantly fluclu-
ian with the YitkoA, and its tributarU-a.
In those circumstances it is expedient in-
deod. imperative, t\Vmfc the jurifidictioiml
1 ships h;
curreil. On March 8 last, tin* Allianc
wltiie hound from Colon to Now York,
and following the customary track f<»r
vessels near the Cub an shore but outside
the three mil > limit was fired upon oy 1
Spanish gunboat.. Fr >t *st was promptly
made by the United States against this
act as not being justified by astauiof war
nor permissible in reap -ct of vess *ls on 1 lin
usual p itus of commerce, nor t ileraiile in
view of the wanton peril occasioned to in
nocent. life and property. The a t \v ts dis
avowed. with full expression of regret and
assurance of 11 m-ieeui rence of such just
cause of complaint, while the offend-
ing officer was relieved of his command.
ril, reform! to the pidstdont of flier
United States us arbitrator during the
term of my predecessor, and which was
submit tod to 1110 for determination, re
sulted in an award in favor of Brazil
upon tho historical and dcxmniontary
evidence presented, thus ending a long
protected controversy and again demon
strating tho wisdom and desirability' of
settling international boundary disputes
by recourse to friendly arbitration. Ne
gotiations are progressing for a revival
of tlie United Mates and Chilian claims
commission, whose work was abruptly
terminated last year by r tho expiration
of the stipulated lime within which
awards could be made.
Tlie resumption of specie payments
by Chili is a stop of great interest and
importunoo both in its direct conse
quences upon her own welfare and us
evincing tlie ascendancy of sound finan
cial principles in one of the most influ
ential of tlie Soutli American republics.
The Chlm-Hi*-JapaiH-Bc War.
The cIofo of tho momentous struggle
between China and Japan, while reliev
ing the diplomatic agents of this govern
ment from the delicate duty they un
dertook nt the request of both countries,
of rendering such service to tho sub
jects of cither belligerent with tho
territorial limits of each other as
our neutral position permitted, de
veloped a domestic condition in
tlie Chinese empire, which lias
caused much anxiety and called for
prompt and caret ul attention. Either
ns a result of a weak control by tho cen
tral government over tlie provincial ad
ministrations, following a diminution
of traditional governmental authority
under tlie stress of an overwhelming
national disaster, or as a manifestation
upon good opportunity of the aversion
of the C)iiiie.se population to all foreign
ways and undertakings, there have oc
curred in widely separated provinces of
China, serious outbreaks of the old fanat
ical i-pirit against foreigners, which,
unchecked by tho local authorities, if
not actually connived at by them, have
resulted in mob attacks on focign mis
sionary stations, causing much destruc
tion of property, and attended with per
sonal injuries as well as loss of life
Although but one American citizen
..as reported to have been actually
wounded, and although the destruction j eV( , r constrain us to submit to unfair dls
of property may have fallen more heav- ] cr i m ination nor to silently acquiesce in
ily upon tho missionaries of other 11a* i vexatious hic.ilrnnces to the enjoyment of
tionalitios than our own, it plainly be- j our slmro of the legitimate advantages
hoved this government to take the most of proper trade relations. If an exantiiia-
prompt and decided action to guard tiouoftlie situation suggests such mean-
I « Pex-Uaps n.oro dread- ! “JKTXt
j ful calamities befalling the hundreds of j t . r WJi j fo fiUC h fl course is easy.
, American mission stations which have j t ’ „j JoU id, however, by no means
j grown up throughout tlie interior of i, e lightly entered upon, since the ne
I China under tho temperate ruin of tol- cessity for t lie inauguration of such a
! eration, custom and imperial edict. The policy would be regretted by the best,
1 demands of the United Status and other sentiment of qur people, and bee
powers for the degradation and punish
ment of the responsible officials of tho
respective cities and provinces, who by
neglect or otherwise had permitted up
Thu Trouble In Turkey.
. i , a*-.-. . - . , Occurrences in Turkey have continued
limits of the rvSMct t ve govern men t s in to cxclllM . onct . rn . The rouorted massacres
tins new region bo speedily determinud. of Christians in ArmetiiaAMiil tlie dovcl ip-
ller Britannic majpMyH nicut there and in other district a 01 a spirit
nroposetl a jpi»Mt or^auntic hostility U* L’lirlici.Tn 1:UJwu*>ux»h
hundred On l torty-Tiiwr nlefidHtl by art unLurallv exult• u annrolionsion for the
internationiC •commission or experts or
which, if congress will authorize it. and
name duo pr>visl m there f, can be ac
complished with no unreasonable delay.
It is impossible to overlook the vital im- j „ , vll , t
portanco of continuing tlie work alro idy their olucutlonal and religious mission,
entered unon, and supplementing it by No efforts have been spared in their behalf.
naturally excit'd apprehension for the
safety of tho devoted meh and women
who. as dependents of tho foreign mission
ary societies in the United States, reside
in Turkey under tho guarantee of law uud
usage and in the legitimate performance
further effective measure* looking to t he
exact location of this entire bouudary
lino.
Tho United Mates and Canada.
I call attention to the unsatisfactory do-
linitation of the respective juris Actions
of the United Stales and t.tie Dominion
of Canada in the great lakes at tho ap
proaches to the narrow waters that
connect them. Tho waters in ques
tion are frequented by fishermen of
both nationalities and tho r nets are
there used. Owing to the uncer
tainty and ignorance as to the true j
and their protection in person and prop
erty lms been earnestly and vigorously en
forced by every me ms within our p ma r.
I regret, however, that an attempt on
our p trt. t. > obtain better inform iti-ni con
cerning the true condition of affairs in tiid
disturbed quarter of the Of loin 111 empire,
by sending l hit h r the United St lies con
sul at Siv.ih to make investigation and re
port. was thwarted by the objections of
tlie 'furnish government. This movement
on our part was in no House meant as a
gratuitous entanglement of the United
Btat.es in the socailcd eastern question,
as an officious interference with tho
measured courses filling r mge marks on
shore is a necessity for which immediate
provision should lie made. It. being up
parent that the bound-try dispute b tween
(7rent Britain and the republic of Veil
czuela concerning tho lim.ts of British
V” j Guinea was approaching an acute stag'
1 • .lallnl * * *
1 ride in time-worn ruts, regardless
of the inexorable laws of new
__ slum Id
be issued payable on demand in gold or
silver coin at the discretion of the secre
tary of the treasury. Jt was, however,
declared in thu act to be ‘ the established
p >ltcy of the United States to maintain tho
two 111 'tais on a parity with each other
upon the present legal ratio, or such ratio
us may be provided by la v.” In view of
this declaration it was not deemed permis
sible lor the a cret-ry of the treasury to
exercise the discretion in terms conferred
on him. by refusing to piy gold on these
when deni indo l, because by such discrim
ination in lavor of the gold d liar the so-
called parity of tue two metals would bo
destroye l, an I gravo and d mgerous con
sequences would be precipitated by affirm
ing or accentuating the constantly widen
ing disparity between their actual values
under 1 he exist in 2 ratio.
It. thus resulted that the treasury notes
issued in payment of silver purchases un
der t lie law ot 183 1 were necessarily treated
as gold obligati )iis, at the option of tlie
h ilder. Tnuso notes on tno list
day of November, IH'J.'t, when the
law compelling the month pur-
■V-'IT’TsV gious freedom ot the non-.Mussuiniun purchase of silver was repealed amounted
joint comm ssnm to determine'the I tie 1 1 hll |,j t . c i,s of the .sultan, but ii arose s duly t.o more t. him *55, 0 ),0.t0. The notes of
those^ quarterH^^m^ from our desire to hive an uccitnite this description now outstundiug added
knowledge of the condition in our efforts to the United States notes still midiuiiii-
to cure for those entitled to our protec- | is'.ird by redemption or cancellation
tion.
The prcsanco of our naval vessels which
are now in the vicinity of the dUturoed
localities affords op.iortun.t i"s to acquire
a measure qf f imiliurity with the condi
tion of affairs, and will enable us to ti
ithdrawals have reduced the re
serve from $1 7,o71.230 on July 8, 1895, to
$79,333.9 iff. How long it will remain largo
enough-to render its increase uum'cesary
is only a matter of io:ij.*c uro though
quit- larg* withdrawals from shipment
immediate future are predicted iu
lformed quarters. Ab m?t $lU.(i0o t ()0(t
eu withdrawn during tho luoutU of
November.
Tue foregoing statement of events and
conditions develops tlie fact tlmt after in
creasing our interest bearing bonded iu-
debte luess more than $102 u »*, oj to have
our gold reserve, we nr.t nearly where we
started, having now in such reserve $79,-
3 13,900, as against $d -,134,377 in L’chruary,
1894, when t h ? lir-t bontls were issued.
. J am convinced the only thorough ami
at ing, it. did not tall b. low that sum unt il practicable remedy tor our troubles is
July, 1M)3. lu April. 1893. tor tho first . found in tlioretirement and cancellatiqn
time since, its eunblishmont, this reserve G f our United tva' s notes, commonly
amounted to less than $b*),0 hj.uoO, con- called greennacks, and the outslandlng
taming at that date only $97 nil,*23 L | treasury not n issued by tho government
In the meantime. and in tho j n paynieut of silver purchasea under tlu>
month of July 189). nil act had been nctorlbi)). 1 believe this could he quite
passed directing larger governmental, rcanily accomplished by the exchange of
mont hly purclmHeHot silver than h »d been 1 these .lotes for United Btatcs bonds of
uirol under previous laws, and pro-| Hma q UH well as largo ilenominavioruj.
»>'»y.mc d. for such silver t^p,^ a iuw rate of interest. TlkCT
of theSUwiteiLBuua's should I TShoula ; ho lOiig termed bonds, thus in
creasing there desirability us investments,
and because their p lyunsnt could ho wnfi
postponed to a period far removed from
present, financial burdens and perplexi
ties, when with increased prosperity and
boundary, vexatious disputes and iniuri- j .Jd e b tr y to
o»» of IioivIh .mil n..|H l,y (j!u,:t- j [ « , " 7 K, r“pe.u, ^cl ft,£
cltiui cruise,H otte.i occur, wlillu iiuy posi- ... v ,.„, mnUers
tive settlement thereof by an accepted
standard is not easily to bn reached
for their inter vent ion iupditieil matters
ting the good government and reli
gious freedom of the non-Mussulman
hanged condition of demand and supply,
and our own hslting tardiness in invit
ing a I reer exchange of commodities and
by this means imperiling our footing in
the external markets naturally open to
ii*. have created a situation sonn-what in
jurious to American exports interests,.not
only in Germany, where they are perhaps
most noticeable! but in adjacent count ries.
The exports affected are largely Ameri
can cattle and other food products, the
reason assigned for unfavorable dis
crimination being that their con
sumption is deleterious to the pub-
lie Health. This la all tho more irrl
tating in view of tbij^ Jact ritorial poss Hsious on this continent, that
this policy is as well founded in principle
a i t.HuUti HUi wuent of thu in",...... ...... . f ll(r , lire wil ,
Iiolioy of tlio LiiIUmI State, us nls tho Kllitu |, Iu Ht ,. |)H for thu prot^liou of uny
ormLrnv.Tsv to I,u ramimal l.otli )llU , rL . Hlsof ' (lllr countrvn,on wiLhin n-,, '
controversy fleemud to lie required both
on its own account and in view of its re
lation with tho friendly powers iliiocLly
concerned.
The VnnoziioIuM Dlsputo.
In July last, therefore, a dispatch was
address*d to our ambassador at L indou
for communication to the British govern
ment, in which the attit ude of the United
States was fully and distinctly set forth.
The general conclusions therein reached
and formulated ar.? in substance that tho
tradition il and csttblished policy of this
government is firmly opposed to a forcible)
by any Europe in power of its ter-
of
be I.
ships that inigut be found iiupcr-
state is as jealous of the. excellence
and whoif Homeness of its exported food
supplies of the United States, nor so easi
ly aide, on account of inherent soundness
to guarantee those qualities.
It is not to l)e forgotten that interna
tional trade can not be onesided. Its cur
rents.are alternating and its movements
should be honestly reciprocal. Without
this it almost necessarily degenerates into
a device to gain advantage on a contriv
ance to secure benefits with only the aem-
RKWARU9 FOU LYM I1KKS.
)V ornor Stone, of Mississippi, Offers
$.500 Each for the Guilty Men.
Governor Stone olTers n reward of
.00 for tlio arrest unit conviction of
„ Ee who tuoh > art in the lynching of
e negro murderer Jack Yurbroiwb,
Crystal Springs recently, and $-•>.*
eh tor the urrest urA conviction of
obc who aKM-ted in tho eacape of
ill Pnrvi", the white oap murderer,
om the Marion county jail two weeks
U Ilill on tlie Lecture Platform
enator David B. Ilill,of New York,
le bis western debut on the lectnrn
tform at Milwaukee, on Tuesday
naturally and logically might lead to con
sequences of the gravest character,
lteiutionit With Great llrltaiu.
Our relations with Great Britain, always
risings, and for tlio adoption of stern intimate and important, have demande
measures by tlio emperor’s government
for the protection of the life and prop
erty of foreigners, were followed by the
disgrace and dismissal of certain provin
cial officials found derelict in duty and
the punishment by death of a number
of those adjudged guilty of actual par
ticipation in the outrages.
This government also insisted that tv
special American commission should
visit tho province where tho iirst dis
turbances occurred for tho purpose of
investigation. This latter commission,
found after much opposition, has gone
overlaud from Tieu-Tsiq, accompanied
bv a suitable Chinese escort and by itm
demonstration of the readiness and
ability of our government to protect its
citizens will act, it is believed, as
during the. past year even n greater share
of conslderoti'iu t han is usu >1.
Several vexatious questions were left
undetermined by the decision of the Ber
ing sea tribunal. Tin? application of tho
principles laid down by that august body
lias not been followed by the results they
were intended to accomplish, eith-.-r be
cause their execution his been more or
less imperfect. Much correspondence has
been exchanged between tin? two govern
ments on the subject of preventing
the exterminating slaughter of seals.
The insufficiency of the. British patrol
of Behring sea, under the regulations
agreed on by tiw? two governments, has
been pointed out. and yet only two British
ships have been on police duty during this
season in those waters.
The need of a more effective enforce
merit of existing regulations, as well as
izens will act, it is believed, as a t j,„ adoption of such additional regula-
influential deterrent of any similar tionsas experience lms shown to ho ab-
outbrenks. Tlio euergetic steps wo have j solutely necessary to carry out the intent
it is st r nigly supported by numerous
precedents; that as a cons.-quence tho
United States is bound to proles against
tin? enlargement of the area of British
Guinutm in derogation of the rights and
against tin? will of Venezuela; that consid
ering the ilLn irity as in strength of Great
Britain and Venezuela, toe territorial dis
pute between them can he reasonably s *t-
tl d only by friendly and impartial arbi
tration. and that tin? resort to such arbi
tration should include tin? whole contro
versy, and is not satisfied if ono of the
powers concerned is permitted to draw an
arbitrary line through the territory in de
bate. uud to decl ire that it will submit to
arbitration only the por ion lying on one
side of it. In view of these conclusions,
the dispatch in question called upon the
British government for a definite answer
to the question whetherlt would or would
not submit the territorial controversy be
tween itself and Venezuela in its entirety
toimpirtlal arbitration. The answer of
the British government lms not been re-
j ceived, but is expected shortly, when fur
ther communication on tiie subject will
j probably bo made to the congress.
I The JI ii vi ui l:m Revolution.
Early in January last, an uprising
! against tho government <»f Hawaii was
i promptly suppressed. Martini law was
forthwith proclaimed, nn<J numerous ar
rests were made of persons huso *cted of
being in sympathy with tho royalist party.
Atnongtlieseweresever.il citizens of tint
United States, who were either convicted
by a military court and sentenced to
death, imprisonment, or fine, or were de
ported without trial. The United States,
while denying protection to such as Iniil
taken the Hawaiian oath of allegiance, in
sisted that martial law, though altering
the forms of justice, could not supersede
justice itself, and demanded stay or execu
tion until the proceedings had been sub
mitted to this government and knowledge
obtained therelrom that our citizens had
received fair trial.
Tho death sentences were subsequently
committed or were remitted on condition
of leaviug the islands. Tue c tses of cer
tain Americans arreste l and expelled by
arbitrary order without formal charge or
trial have had attention, and in some in-
stuuues bus beet, found to justify remqn-
Though thus far no lives of American
citizens have b *on sacrificed, tlmre can lu
no doubt that serious loss and destruction
of nission prop rly have resulted fr in
riotous conflicts and outrageous attacks.
Tlie Financial Situation Kovluwed.
As we turn from a revi \y of our foreign
relations to tho contemplation ot onr na
tional linifioial siltiati »n wo are immedi
ately awaro tout, wo approach a subject of
domestic concern more import ini Until
uny other that can c igago our attention,
uud om? at present in such a perplexing
and delicate predicament ns to require
prompt and wise treatment.
Wo may well he encouraged to earnest
effort in this direction when wo recall the
Btens already t iketi toward improving our
e onoinio and tinunciul situati man I when
we uppreciat.? how well the way has been
pivpar-d f *r lurlher progress by an
urotis *il and intelligent p »pular interest in
these subjects
By coming <<f the people a customs rev
enue system designed tor the protection
and lunelit of favored clas>es at the ex
pense or t In? great, mass of our country
men and which, while inefficient for.the
purp mu of revenue, curtaije I bur
tra to relations and impeded our*’
entrance to the markets of the world,
has been superseded by a tariff policy
which in pnnciple is based upon a denial
of tiie right of the government to obstruct
the avenues t.<» our people cheap living or
lesson their comfort and content ment for
the sake of according especial advantages
to favorites and which, while encourag
ing our intercourse and trad- with other
nations, recognizes the fact that Am-ri-
<-;in self reliance thrift and ingenuity can
build up our country’s industries and de
velop its resources more surely i ban on-
ervaling paternalism. The c nnpulsory
purchuso and coinage of silver by ttio gov-
eminent, unchecked and tinregul it d by
business conditions and heedless of our
currency needs, which f >r more than 13
years diluted our circuiting medium
undermined conlldeme abroad in our
financial ability and at last culminated in
ilistr ■ssjand panic at home. Isas Is-en re
cently stopoed by tho repail of the laws
wnich forced this reckless scheme upon
tin* country.
The things thus accomplished, notwith-
st Hiding tii -ir extreme importance and
benetlcient effect**, fall far short of curing
the monetary evils from which we suffer
us a result of long indulgence in ill-ad
vised financial expedients The currency
denominated United States notes and com
monly known as greenbacks was issued in
large volume during the late civil war,
and was intended originally to meet tho
exigencies ol that period. It will he seen
by a reference to the debates in congress
nt the time the laws Were passed authoriz
ing the issue of thee; notes that their ail-
vocutos declared they wore intended for
stitutu a volume of gol I obligitions
unto tilting to nearly $»<>n 0 >,o o. Those
obligations are the instruments which,
ever since we have had a gold reserve,
have been us *d to ilepl tt? it.
Tnis reserve, us has been stated, had
fnlien in April 1831, to $97,911.3)3. It has
from that time to the present, with very
few and unimportant upward movements,
steadily decreased, except as it has been
temporarily replenish d by tho sale of
bonds.
In couspquenc'.* of these conditions tho
gold reserve on the firsi day of February,
1MH, was reduced to $35,433,377, having
lost more than $.31,050.00) during the pre
ceding nine months, or since April, 1893.
Its replenishment being ncessury and no
other manner of accomplishing it being
possible, resort was had to t he issue ana
sale of bon Is, provided for by the resump
tion act of ls7;». Fifty millions of these
lx>n Is were sold yielding $58,783,295.75
which was added to the ies-rve fund of
gold then on liivnd. As i riant of this op
eration this reserve which hail suffered
constant and large withdrawals in tlio
nvantiuio, sio)il| >n th • s x h day Marcu,
1891. at me sum of of $107,4 >5,3 2. Its do
plutiou w
resources thdy would he more easily mot
To further insure the cancellation of
those notes and atm provide u way by
which gold may he a tded to our currency
in lieu of them, a feature in tho plan
should he an authority given to tho sec
retary of tho treasury io dispose of the
bonds abroid for gold if necessary to coin*
pleU? the contemplated red-mptioii and
cancellation, permitting him to use the
proceeds of such bonds to take up and can
cel any of thu notes that may be in the
treasury or that may b? received by the
government on any account.
While I have eud -avored to make a
plain statement of tho disordered condi
tion of our currency and thu present ihun
gers menacing our prosperity, and to sug
gest a way which leads to a safer linanciul
system, l ltave constantly had in mind the
fact that many ot my countrymen, whose
sincerity J do not doubt, insist that tho
cure lor the ills now threatening uo may
he found in tun single and simple remedy
of tho free coinage of silver.
They contend that our mints shall bt? at
once thrown open to tho free, unlimited
and independent coinage of both gold and
silver dollars of full legal tondqr quality,
regardh-ss of tlie act ion of uny other gov
ernment an l in mil view of the fai t that
the ratio between the metals which they
suggest calls lor one hundred cents worth
in the gold dollar at tlio pres nt stand ird.
and only fifty cents in intrinsic worth of
silver in the silver dollar were there in
finitely stronger reasons than can bo ad
duced for hop nx tlmt such acti >n would
secure for u« a bimetallic currency.
Moving on lines of parity, an experiment
so novel and hazardous as that proposed
might well stagger those who believe that
stability is an imperative condition of
sound money.
In conclusion, I especially entreat tlie
peoples’ representatives in th * congress,
who are charged with the reap m*dl> llty of
inaugurating measures or the safety and
prosoer.ty of our common country, to
promptly and effectively consider tho
ills of our critical financial plight,
I have suggested a remedy which my
judgment approve.
I desire, however, to assure the congress
that 1 am prep tred to co-operate with
immcdi t**ly there- j them in per.cciing any oilier
thorough and
and that 1 will
11-rated tlmt on the 33th day
of June lMM, it had fallen to $34,873 025, , - . . . • -
i,11iis losing by withdi wwuls morn than 1 ibor with them in every patriotic en l
$1.\00>,00 in live months and dropping or to further the interests ono K ,l,l { r( /
eligibly 1) low its situation when the sale
of $50 000,000 in bon is, was effected lor its
replenishment.
Tnis depressed condition grew worse,
and on tlio -4th day of Novcmb *r 1891, our
gold reserve being reduced to $57,009. i'll,
it became necessary to again strengthen it.
This Was cbmo by anot Iter sale or bonds
amounting to $V) oou.o -o, from which
there was r ? ili/.ed $ .8 538,5 )), with which
tlie fund was increased to $111,142,021, on
the it !i day of December 1H.M. agdn dis
appointment awaited the anxious hope for
r-IDf. B-tveen Dec. 1st 1894, and early
in Feb. 1897, a period of scarcely more
than two months after tho soeorid rein-
f rci-mcnt of'our gold reserve by the sale
of bonds it Imd lost by such withdriwals
more than $9 ())••,0«> and had fallen to
$11319.181. Neirly $.3.im».p0) had hern
withdrawn within the month immediately
preceding tins situation.
in anticipation of impending trouble, 1
had on Jan. 2<, 1895, address*il a e immu
ne ilim to the congress, fully setting
forth our difficult ies ami d ing •raus posi
tion. mid earnestlv recomm •tiding that
authority he given the secretary of tho
treasury to issue b mds b aring a low rate
of inter st payabl • by tneir terms in gold,
f *r the purp »so of maintaining a sufficient
gold reserve, and alsi f >r the redemotion
and cane din* ion ot outstanding United
Si iti's notes and the tre isury notes Issued
for the purchase of silver under the law of
1893. This recommendation did not. how
ever, meet with the approval of congr-ss.
In February, 1895, tuerefore, the situa
tion was exceedingly critical with u [re
serve perilously low anil a refusal of con
gressional ni l everything ind iented that
the end of gold payments by the govern
ment was imminent. The results of prior
bond issues had b; j en exceedingly unsatis
factory. and tho largo Withdrawals of gold
immediately succeeding their public sale
in upon market gave ris*J to a ruutiouuble
procti*
gladly
leav-
tho
Bare of our countrymen whom in our
respective places of duty we have under
taken to serve.
Lynching uf ltallam.
The deplorable lynching of several
Italian laborers In Colorado was nat
urally followed by international repre-
snt at ions, and I am happy to say that
the best efforts of tho state in which the
outrages occurred have been put forth to
discover mid punish the authors of this
atrocious crime. The dependent families
of some of tho unfortunate victims invite
by their deplorable condition gracious
provision for their nreds.
These manifestations against helpless
aliens may be triced through successive
stages to the vicious Pudronia system,
which, uncheekol by our immigration
and contract labour statutes, controls
workers from the moment of landing on
shores, mid farms them out in distant
a nd often rude regions, where their
cheapening competition in the fields
of bread-winning toil brings them into
collision with other labor interests.
While welcoming as we should those who
seek our shores to merge themselves in
our body politic ami win personal com
petence by honest effort, we cannot regard
such assemblages of distinctively alien
laborers, hired out in tlie mass to thp
profit of alien speculators and shipped
ii it her and thither as the prospect of gain
may dictate, ss otherwise than repugnant
to tin? spirit of our civilization, deterrent
to individual advadeement. and hindran
ces to the building up of stable commit
tees resting upon the wholesome ambi
tions of the citizens ami constituting th*
prime factor in the prosperity and pro
gress of our nation. If legislation qan
reach this growing evil, it certainly should
lu attempted.
[.Signed] GroYfr Cleveland.