Newspaper Page Text
VOLUME 1.
i!Kcoi.n:cTioNS or Tin: civil- sek
\ It-K OK TIIK CONIT-DIiKATK GOV
ERNMENT.
BY 11. D. CAPERS
CHArTEK V.
'j’hc terms of office In tlic Confederate
government were such as to secure the
best of service from competent persons,
and to inspire a sense of personal self
r. -pe t by interesting the officer with
-n> h M curity as produced his fidelity
and efficiency. Cabinet officers were of
course appointed by the President, who
held his office for six years, but all other
executive and judicial appointments
were for life or during the period of
good bovaviour. An officer once ap
pointed could not he removed unless it
was shown that lie was incompetent in
tellectually, negligent or dishonest, or
unless the office he held was abolished by
the authority creating it. In the service
of the several departments of the gov
ernment each secretary was the judge of
the number of clerks necessary to per
form promptly and efficiently the work
of the several divisions and sub-divis
ion- of his department and was expected
to make such rules and such appoint
ments to office as in his judgment the
exigencies of the public service required.
While the assistant secretaries, and chief
bureau officers were confirmed by the
Senate on the nomination of the Presi
dent, they were by no means indepen
dent of the secretary of the department
to which they belonged and could be re
moved for cause or suspended at li is
irleasure by the consent of the I'resident.
-Mr. Memminger very wisely allowed the
several chiefs of bureaus to nominate
the clerks to him for appointment who
they desired to serve in their respective
divisions. Upon this nomination being
made, and approved by the Secretary,
the clerk received a temporary commis
sion in these words:
“Sin —You are hereby appointed a
clerk, of the class, in the Treasury
I lepart meut of the <,'onfederate States, on
trial for the period of six mouths, and
are assigned to duty with to whom
you will at once report. At the expira
tion of the time prescribed herein, if a
favorable report is made on your charac
ter and efficiency, you will receive a per
manent commission, should the exigen
cies of the public service render it neces
sary to employ you.”
The very correct opinion of the Secre
tary was, that, as the bureau officers were
held responsible for the proper discharge
of the work in their branches of the ser
vice, and, in several instances were un
der bonds in large sums, that they
should he allowed to select, largely their
own assistants. The probation prescrib
ed would be sufficient to develope the
fitness of the appointment and give suf
ficient time to investigate the antecedent
history of the clerk.
Our worthy Secretary had spent his
life, e.s n commercial lawyer, among the
business men of one of the most ortho
dox business cities in the America and
viewed the whole matter of the appoint
ments to office strictly from a business
standpoint. The gentlemen who had
entered the departments of the Treasury
from Washington were evidently much
surprised t. the surveilanee under
which t hey were kept and were frequent
ly comparing the easy methods of a
clerk’s life in that eapitol city with what
some of them were pleased to call the
banking-house service of Mr. Memmin
ger. If there was a sinecure’s place in
his department, the Secretary of the
Treasury walnut aware of its existence.
It was my honor (and l use the word
honor here in the fullest sense of its
meaning), to have had the confidence of
Mr. Secretary Memminger. I under
stood fully the reason why he sought
from the first, to place his department
under the regulation discipline of a com
mercial hank, a discipline, which with
hut very few exceptions, seemed to dis
gust the gentlemen, who had resigned
clerkships in Washington to accept the
service of patriotism in Montgomery, it
was as far from his mind as it was in an
tagonism with his social spirit to play the
role of a martinet or to be a tyrant.
Of all public functionaries I have ever
known he was the most scrupulous con
scientious. He believed that an olfieet
of the government who received pay for
liis services should render a quid pro quo
for the same, just as completely and for
the reason in common honesty the same
would be demanded In any properly con
ducted business establishment, lienee
he established regular business hours,
from 9 a. tit. to 3 p. ni., and if the exi
gencies of the service required it, his
working force was ordered back to the
Department in the evening—to remain
until the pressing business was com-
pleted. As an example to his subalterns
tin 1 Secretary was the most punctual and
devoted among all the officials. Unless
he was called to a cabinet meeting or
was engaged in the Senate, where upon
all question affecting the financial policy
of the government he had a voice, you
could thul him with a certainty at his
office, where he was among the first to
arrive and the last to leave. The reader
need not infer that we were exempt
from the annoyances, if you are pleased
to call them such, incident to all officials
who have the appointing power vested
in them, but there was not in those days
the immodest pressure brought to bear
which we are informed is the most disa -
greeable feature of the public service at
Washington City and elsewhere in the
country. At an early day 1 was requir
ed by the Secretary to address the fol
lowing circular letter and rules to the
several bureau officers of the Depart
ment. These rules were ever afterwards
rigidly adhered to, as embodying the
general regulations of the sendee in his
Department:
“Siu—! am directed by the Secretary
of the Treasury to call your attention
to the accompanying rules, respecting
the general service and the appointment
THE CARTERSVILLE COURANT.
of clerks in your bureau. The necessity
for the ' prompt despatch of the public
business and the Secretary’s desire to
have none hut worthy and eilieientclerks
in the Department, require that these
regulations be strictly enforced.
Respectfully,
11. I>. Capers, Chief Clerk.
REGULATIONS.
Ist. Persons desiring appointment to
office in the Treasury Department must
present to the Secretary through his
chief clerk, their application, written in
their own handwriting, stating their age,
place of nativity, their present residence
and past business experience. This
must be accompanied with such refer
ences as they are enabled to give. The
endorsements of well known business
men in the community in ■which the ap
plicant resides are preferred to any
others.
2nd. 'The Secretary requires that a re
port shall be made to him on the lirst
day of each month, setting forth the
number of clerks on duty at that date,
their particular assignment to duty, and
their efficiency; also the number of ad
ditional clerks necessary to meet the re
quirements of the service in each divis
ion of your bureau, with the character
of the work they are expected to perform.
You will accompany this report with the
nominations of such persons as may have
had their applications referred to you
from this office, or such other persons as
you are led to believe are better aualiiied
to perform the duties required than
those who have formerly applied. Upon
the receipt of your report temporary
commissions for six months will be is
sued to those you may nominate for ap-
pointment. At the expiration of this
time if it shall be discovered that they
are in all respects qualified as competent
business men for the clerkships perma
nent commissions will be issued over the
signature and seal of the Secretary.
3rd. In assigning clerks to duty you
will keep in mind that promotions are to
be made alone from among those who, by
fidelity and efficiency in the discharge of
duty, have fairly won the right to dis
tinction. This is the only rule by which
you will be governed in the promotion of
the clerks in from one class
to another.
4th. Your attention is called to the ne
cessity of observing the business hours
as fixed by the Secretary, yiz: from 9 a.
ra. to 3 p. m. If the exigencies of the
service In your judgment require it,.you
will, at your discretion, order the clerks
on duty in your bureau back to the busi
ness places in the evening, to remain un
til the business of the day has been fully
brought up. This is especially necessary
in the bureaus of the auditors and the
comptroller. While no improper haste
is to be encouraged, yet there must be no
unnecessary delay in advancing the bus
iness of the Department.
stb. All loitering on the part of clerks,
employes or visitors about the offices in
this Department is strictly forbidden
during business hours. The offices of
this Department are considered as much
places of business as the counting-rooms
of bankers or merchants, and are not the
places in which to entertain guests.
The janitor and messengers will extend
all proper courtesies to visitors but this
will in no wise extend beyond the pro
prieties of a business establishment.
Clerks or employees desiring leave of
absence must apply in writing for the
same to the head of the bureau in -which
they are serving, stating the time for
which this absence is desired. If the ap
applieation is approved a copy of the
leave of absence must be tiled with the
chief clerk of the bureau before the per
son leaves the department, who will at
once forward the same to this ollice.
(i. The pay-rolls of the several bureaus
in this Department must he approved by
the chief clerk and filed with the dis
bursing otlieer of the department on the
25th day of each month for inspection.
All requisitions for office furniture, sta
tionary, etc., must he made in the form
prescribed and certified to as required by
the head of the bureau in which the
same is to be used and filed with the dis
bursing officer ot the department for con
sideration. While all the necessary con
veniences for office work will be allowed
no extravagance will be sanctioned.
7t.h. Officers, clerks or employees in
this Department are strictly forbidden to
correspond with newspapers or to fur
nish any abstract or information from
their offieoe for publication without spe
cial permission from the Secretary in
writing. Any willful violation of these
rules will subject the offender to prompt
suspension or discharge.”
An inflexible adherence to these rules
and the prompt enforcement of the pre
scribed penalties secured, in connection
with the willing spirit of excellent offi
cers, the most efficient service. It is
likewise true that their enforcement
subjected Mr. Memminger to the harsh
and unmerited criticism of a class ot pol
iticians who were not disposed to con
sider an official as a public servant,
and had for some reason, best known to
those who had held office in Washington
City, been disposed to think that ap
pointment to office was an immunity
from labor; that the treasury was a pub
lic depository to be drawn on as a right
of political partisanship, under the guise
of compensation for services which, it
rendered at all, are generally so at a cost
to the government far in excess of the
| salaries paid at well regulated banking
j establishments. Mr. Memminger very
; properly took a strict business view of
the matter and was in the Treasury De
! partment enforcing only such regula-
I tions as a business man would expect to
j see in force among the representative
commercial men of the country. There
were not the difficulties in this way inci
dent to the existence of rival political
parties. Even if there had been his high
CARTERSYILLE. GEORGIA, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1885.
sense of duty and conscientious regard
! for the obligations he had assumed would
; have readily indicated this course.
Among the few who did not hesitate
| in my presence to express in unmeasured
■ terms their dissatisfaction with the Sec
retary’s rules, and especially with the
rigid manner in which they were en
forced, was the assistant secretary. Mr.
Philip Clayton. Accustomed to the
easy methods of the department service
at Washington, and as an assistant there,
to use his convenience in meeting the
wishes of an indulgent secretary, whose
training had been with politicians or on
the judicial circuit of Georgia, Mr.
Clayton soon began to manifest opposi
tion to the “restraints” and “exactions”
of the Carolina Secretary, not alone in
his remarks to the chief clerk, but in the
form of innuendoes addressed to third
persons in his hearing, the evident in
tent being that these should reach the
Secretary through his confidential clerk.
I do not attribute Mr. Clayton’s objec
tion to the discipline of Secretary Metn
minger to an indisposition on his part to
discharge the duties of his office, but to
an ultra democratic spirit which rebelled
against all impositions of restraint. He
was very fond of company, genial in his
disposition and never happier than when
discussing the philosophy of polities, re
ligion or some one of the abstract sciences
with patient listeners. It would happen
at times that some one or more of his
friends would call upon the Assistant
Secretary during office hours. To re
mind them that a social visit at that time
and at a business office was contrary to
the Department rules was to admit that
he was under the subordination of a law
he had no authority to suspend. Hence
he was brought, through his real good
nature, into a position which ultimately
provoked a reprimand and alienated the
official confidence of lus chief. No one
oould have regretted this more than my
self. Mr. Clayton possessed rare, intel
lectual faculties to which, if there had
been added more of nervous energy and
the systematic habits of a business man
the Treasury would have had in him an
invaluable officer. His wonderful intui
ition, by which at a glance could make
almost any combination in figures was
really phenomenal. lie has been known,
for example, in reviewing an auditor’s
report embracing five and six columns
of figures, to add the whole page by page
by taking the columns together and to
announce the accurate addition before an
expert accountant could determine a sin
gle column. His accuracy in figures
became so well established that no one
for a moment would question a result
with the endorsement of his signature to
the statement. It may be readily in
ferred that the want of sympathy be
tween the Secretary and his assistant
would, if permitted to exist, become a
source of annoyance to the Secretary and
disturb also the satisfactory work of the
Department. There was no attention
paid, at first, to the disaffection of Mr.
Clayton, by the Secretary, who express
ed the hope that his assistant would yield
his peculiar methods when he, in com
mon with others, was served with a copy
of the Department regulations.
In this the Secretary was disappointed.
It was not until about this time that the
Secretary ignored the presence of his
assistant and would refer directly to me
business matters of a confidential char
acter which should have properly been
entrusted to Mr. Clayton. He had but
little else to do than to endorse his
initials “P. C.” to the corner of
the paper on which warrants against the
Treasury were made. Hence he receiv
ed the soubriquet “P. C. in a Corner”
from the clerks of the Department. At
length there was an open rupture. Mr.
Clayton’s friends were not strong
enough in their influence with either the
President or Congress to maintain the as
sistant secretary in his position. He re
signed his office and followed the resig
nation with a publication in which he
made an attack upon the Secretary which
savored more of the spirit of the insub
ordination than of either patriotism or
self-control.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
For the COURANT.
ECHARLEK FARMERS’ CLUB.
This club met Sept. 12tli, at the resi
dence of H. 11. Milam. The members
were all present except Dr. Calhoun, B.
T. Leeke and W. B. Bohannon. Min
utes of last meeting read and approved.
Crop reports read and received. These
reports were statements of first-class cul
tivation resulting in first-class crops.
The committee to inspect the premises
of H. H. Milam, submitted their report,
finding his crop well cultivated and the
prospect quite flattering for a large yield
of corn and cotton, also his stock of all
kinds in excellent condition, and his
barn well filled with forage for another
year. Mr. Milam is comfortably and
conveniently fixed, and deserves all the
praise that may be given him.
We were joined by Mr. R. Milam, of
Stilesboro, and Rev. Theodore Smith, of
Florida, each of whom seemed to enjoy
the day finely.
Subject of turning land was discussed.
We received some valuable information
in reference to this important matter
from our members. The proper time for
turning land was decided to be from the
Ist of November to planting time, and as
deep as practicable.
These meetings are a source of pleas
ure and of great benefit to the members
of the club.
Mr. Milam had a nice dinner prepared
for the occasion, which was enjoyed
greatly. J. T. G,
“Cet there Ell,” anil don’t stop a minute.
C. L. C. will make him so nimble in his joints
that he can work like a 2:10 race norse. A
healthy liver and sound kidneys will make a man
strong, useful and long-lived.
THE HEATH OF JUMBO.
The Famous Elephant run Into hy a Train
and Buried in the Wreck.
Sr. Thomas, Oxt., Sept. 16.—The Bar
nura, Bailey & Hutchinson Shows ar
rived here from Chatham yesterday
morning and unloaded near where their
tents were pitched, a short distance east
of Mellor Street. While the evening
performance was in progress the usual
plan of loading the animals was proceed
ed with. There are thirty-one elephants
in connection with the show, and of
these all had been placed on board of the
cars with the exception of the famous
Jumbo and Tom Thumb, the dwarf
clown elephant, who created so much
merriment during the performance. As
these two were being walked along the
track to reach their ears, about half-past
nine o’clock, a special freight, run by
Engineer William Burnip, approached
from the east. The engineer noticed the
elephants on the track and whistled for
brakes three times and reversed his en
gine. But just at that point the track
was on a down grade and the train could
not be stopped. .Turn bo’ was in
charge of his keeper, Mr. Sv<oxt, known
to all the circus people as “Scotty,” with
Tom Thumb in the rear.
When “Scotty” noticed the danger he
urged Jumbo to increase his pace, and
the big animal started on a run down the
track, with his keeper bravely running
at bis side. But it was no use. The
train couldn’t be held back, and as it
came thundering along it first struck the
clown elephant and threw him into the
ditch and then dashed into Jumbo. As
it struck the monster it was as if two
trains had come together. The freight
was stopped, and the engine and two
ears were thrown from the track. Jum
bo was struck in the hind legs, and as
the cow catcher hit him he gave vent to
one loud roar and fell. The engine and
edge of the first car passed along his
back and indicted terrible bruises. Jum
bo was not instantly killed, but lived for
fifteen minutes alter being struck, expir
ing while efforts werj being made to
take him from under the train. The en
gine was badly damaged and will have
to be rebuilt.
DYING ON TIIK TRACK.
Almost as soon as the accident had oc
curred men were set to work to get the
engine and cars on the track and to pull
poor Jumbo from the wreck. Large ca
bles were attached to him, one to the
front and another to the back part of
his body, and about one huudred men
buckled on to each cable, while another
force of men with planks and crowbars
pried from behind. After about half an
hour’s labor Jumbo’s body was pulled off
the track into the ditch. The circus em
ployees ran about with flaming torches,
the cool headed master of transportation
gave orders to the hundreds of seen at
work, while to one side stood Mr. Hutch
inson and other managers of the show,
grieving over the loss of their favorite.
The scene was one not soon to be forgot
ten. While Jumbo was being pulled off
the track the veterinary surgeons con
nected with the show were attending to
the elephant Tom Thumb. He had been
thrown into the ditch, and it was found
that his left hind leg had been broken.
It is expected that the leg can be saved,
and after the limb was set he was lifted
in a car and taken with the rest of the
animals on the train which left for Lon
don this morning.
After the accident, when the noise
and confusion had somewhat ceased so
that an examination could be made of
Jumbo, it was apparent that death was
upon him. There were deep gashes in his
flank, his feet were torn, and the blood
ran out of his mouth. He gave one groan
after being struck, then he suffered in si
lence while the sands of his life ran out.
Long after life was extinct his keeper,
who brought him from the Zoological
Gardens in London, lay on his body and
wept.
PIECES OF HIDE FOR MEMENTOS.
Jumbo’s measurement after death was:
Circumference of forearm, 5 feet and 6
inches; around the front of the foot, 5
feet 6 inches. Twice around his foot is
about his height, viz.: 11 feet; length of
trunk, 7 feet, 4 inches; around his tusk,
1 foot 3)4 inches; length of fore leg, 6
feet. The accident will be a costly one
to some person. The railway authori
ties claim that the circus company was
violating its contract in loading there,
while the circus men contend that they
were told at the railroad offices that they
could proceed with loading safely, as no
trains would be along for half an hour.
Who was in the wrong will probably be
decided by recourse to law. A great
many of the thousands of spectators who
visited the dead elephant to-day clipped
some souvenir from the body. Some
were satisfied with one of the long stiff
hairs which grew in his tail, others cut
off pieces of lacerated hide or feet, and
one boy, bolder than the rest, appropri
ated a piece of his ear. But this vandal
ism was finally stopped by a special po
liceman who was placed on guard over
the remains. The representatives of the
Smithsonian Institution are expected
here to-morrow evening, when the ani
mal will he skinned and his hide and
skeleton preserved. Several photograph
ers and one or two artists wete on the
grounds this morning.
THE MIGHTY ELEPHANT THE GLORY OF
TWO HEMISPHERES.
Jumbo was formerly a British posses
sion and for years was one ol the lead
ing attractions of the London Zoological
Garden. Thousands of little jingoes
have taken rides on his broad back, and
! hundreds o£ indigestible substances
known as “buns” in the British metrop
olis have been his daily tribute; but fame
never came to the vast beast until the
enterprising Barnum coveted his posses
sion, and finally, in the spring of ISS2,
purchased him from the London Zoolog
ical Society for SIO,OOO.
When the news of the sale was men
tioned in the papers, a howl of indigna
tion burst from the British public.
Whether it was love for Jumbo or jeal
ousy of an American having secured pos
session of the huge beast which caused
this sudden exhibition of feeling is an
open question. However, all sorts of at
tempts were made by Jumbo’s English
admirers to prevent his leaving the coun
try, and even one or two law suits were
begun with that end. The opposition
was futile. Firstly, the authorities of
the Zoo have the right to dispose of any
of the animals in the light of personal
property, and, secondly, they justified
their action by asserting that Jumbo had
grown so vicious that his possession had
become a source of grave apprehension
to his keepers.
Jumbo had still another ordeal to un
dergo before sailing from England. He
became the subject of a personal inquiry
by parliament. Mr. Labouchere, the
quizzical editor of Truth, gravely in
formed the secretary of the board of
trade “that his attention having been
called to the viciousness of the. huge ele
phant’s disposition, He wished to know
whether proper measures had been taken
for the safety of the other passengers on
board the steamer Assyrian Monarch.”
The secretary, the Hon. Evelyn Ashley,
a son of Lord Shaftesbury, the philkii
thropical earl who is the special patron
and protector of animals, replied that
every necessary precaution had been
taken, and that there was no danger to
be apprehended. Finally Jumbo left for
this country and arrived safely in New
York iu April, 1882, since which time he
has been one of the leading features of
Barnum’s circus.
Jumbo was supposed tube about four
years of ago when he first arrived in
England, and his age at the time of his
purchase by Barnum was announced to
be twenty. Some authorities are of the
opinion that elephants can live for a cen
tury, and most naturalists allow them
half that age, so Jumbo may be said to
have been cut down in the flower of his
youth. Nor had he reached his full size,
for elephants grow until their 30th year,
and Jumbo might have added two or
three feet to his height and bulk. As it
was, he attained an attitude of eleven
and a half feet and with his trunk could
reach an object on a pedestal twenty-five
feet high. Every day he consumed 250
pounds of hay and several bushels of
vegetables, independently of the eleemo
synary contributions of small hoys and
children of larger growth in the shape of
cake, nuts and crackers, which reached
some pecks daily. Although accused of
uncertainty of temper by the British
owners, he never gave any particular
exhibition of perverseness to his keepers
in this country; on the contrary, he bore
an excellent character for docility, and
was a favorite with all the circus hands.
His untimely demise will be universally
regretted by little and big circus-goers
all over the country.
IT MUST GO BEFORE THE PEOPLE.
Rome Courier.
It is not at all likely that the pending
contest about railroad regulation will end
with the action of the present Legisla
ture. Should the bill now before the
House pass in its present shape, the peo
ple generally, and especially the business
community, will soon be organizing to
effect its repeal; and should it be defeated,
the railroad companies, througti their
various officials, agents and attorneys,
will make a strong and concerted effort
to secure a majority of the next Legisla
ture. But as the attention of the people
has been directed to this subject, the rail
road host will have greater difficulties
than they would have had by a couise of
secret operations. Every candidate for
the Legislature will be called on to tell
the people how he stands on this ques
tion, and it will probably be the control
ling issue in the election.
We find already predictions from both
sides that the question will enter largely
into our next Legislative canvass, what
ever may be the fate of the pending bill.
The Atlanta correspondent of the Macon
Telegraph (a supporter of the bill before
the House) writes that “it is threatened
already hy the opponents of the railroad
commission bill, that if it passes the Leg
islature and becomes a law, it will be
made an issue in the next political cam
paign.” And a citizen of Alabama writes
to the Atlanta Journal: “If the present
railroad bill is defeated in the Legislature
the fight will open again at the next State
election. Primaries will be packed by
the paid emissaries of lailroads, if pos
sible, and “no labor or expense” will be
spared iu the effort to return a railroad
Legislature.”
The same correspondent writes that
“the business men and the people favor
the Commission as it is, and their support
will be steadfast.” We have assurance
that the business men of Atlanta are also
in favor of retaining the Commission
with the “regulating” power which the
constitution vests in the Legislature, and
which the Legislature has devolved on
the Commission.
We have not the least apprehension as
to the result of a campaign on that line.
The champions of the railroads may ob
ject to it on the plea that it will be a dis
tracting issue and disorganize national
party lines. If they are sincere in this,
there is a very easy way to avoid it.
The present Legislature will submit to
the people at the next general election
one constitutional amendment—repealing
the local legislation clause—and it will
be very easv to submit to the people at
the same time the question as to the pow
ers of the Commission —whether it shall
continue to “regulate” as required by the
constitution, or restore that power to the
railroads. It is doubtful whether it can
be legally divested of the power, or
whether the Legislature can surrender it,
without an amendment of the constitu
tion. If the railroads want this question
settled, that is the way to do It. Should
they work their bill through the present
Legislature, they will have to fight the
battle over again in the next one, which
will represent the feeling of the people
on this question.
THB MONTREAL EPIDEMIC.
Its Sprad due to the Neglect of the
Health Authorities.
Montreal, Sept. 19. —The week that
has just closed has been one of activity
for Montreal. The municipal authorities
from the first showed their inability to
grapple with the small-pox epidemic.
The citizens were obliged to take the
matter in their own hands, and the first
of this week saw the formation of a Citi
zens’ Emergent Committee. What have
been the results? Has the new board
done anything so far? Is small-pox di
minishing, and is public confidence re
stored? Unfortunately a negative an
swer must be given to these questions.
The new board entered upon its task with
a laudable desire to do their full duty,
but they undertook a herculean task.
The present trouble has been the result
of ignorance, carelessness, and culpable
negligence on the part of the health ofli
cials. The present staff is, it must be
said, better than its predecessors, but it
is not so long since there was in the po
sition of medical health officer of this
city a man who, time and again, came to
the office in a state unfit to discharge his
duties. He was utterly incapable to act
as a sanitary policeman, and much less
to fill the important place of health offi
cer. He spent his whole time in theo
rizing and in compiling dry statistics.
The result was that the whole department
fell into a disgraceful condition. Noth
ing could be done. This man had friends
in the council who kept him in his place.
Finally his irregularities became so fre
quent and so flagrant that public opinion
was outraged, and ’he public demanded
his discharge. It was too late, however,
the evil had been done, and now it is
being discovered what irreparable harm
his rule has done to the city. While he
was manufacturing grand sanitary theo
ries, tilth and dirt were gathering in the
city and disease was being generated.
In point of situation Montreal should
be one of the healthiest cities on the con
tinent. Situated on hilly ground, it pos
sesses a natural site for drainage that
could hardly be surpassed, hut while na
ture is lavish of her gifts the authorities
are blind to their duty. There is one
effect that the present trouble has had
which is a most important one; it has
brought to the front the citizens who
should be in the council, instead of some
of the fossils whose only work is to help
some of their bosom friends to secure
contracts. The leading men of Montreal,
in the proper sense of the term, have
hitherto not taken part in city affairs as
they should have done, unless a carnival
or something out of which they could
make money was on the tapis; but now
that an overwhelming evil has sprang
upon them, which is displaying in all its
hideousness the incapacity of their rep
resentatives, they are coming forward to
do the work. If this spirit continues af
ter the epidemic has left, it will be an
other benefit that the disease will have
furnished as compensation for all its in
jury.
Under ordinary conditions the disease
should now be stamped out without de
lay. The board of health has been
strengthened by six energetic citizens,
who should see eye to eye in this matter,
but unfortunately they do not. This is
the great obstacle in the way of their
success. The old differences of race have
sprung up again. The English want
compulsory vaccination and complete
isolation. The French only wish volun
tary vaccination and isolation when the
parties do not object. The first mode is
the only effective one, and it will have to
be adopted sooner or later if the spread of
the disease is to be stopped. On every
occasion when united action is vital,
when all narrow-minded differences ol
race and religion should be lost sight of
in the far wider view of the city’s inter
est, the old cry of French ana English
is revived. Were it not for the petty
jealousies that exist between the two na
tionalities of her people, Montreal would
be a far greater city than it is to-day. So
strongly has this fact become apparent
that sober and intelligent men are begin
ning to ask themselves the question,
What is the remedy for all this? There
are, of course, differences of opinion, but
a large and influential body of men are
beginning to regard annexation as the
only solution to the difficulty. Promi
nent men may be heard openly saying
to-day, that annexation would be the best
thing that could happen to Canada. This
class is continually growing. It is claim
ed that annexation to the States would,
to a large extent, wipe out race differen
ces between French and English. The
church, which has an oyerpowering in
fluence in this province, would be rele
gated to its proper position, and the peo
ple would be raised from their present
state of ignorance to one of culture and
education. The absurd privileges that
in many caes exist now for the benefit
of one race to the inconvenience of the
other would be swept away, and the
country would enter upon anew era of
progress and prosperity. The church
knows this, and hence the French, to a
man, are opposed to annexation. They
remain loja 1 to the crown, as they call it,
and it looks as though the prediction of
Sir Etienne T;iche, one of Canada’s for
mer Premiers, would be verified—that
the liHt shot fired m defence of British
rule on this continent would be fired by
a Frenchman. In the opinion of many
the struggle has sooner or later to come,
NUMBER 35.
I and the advocates of annexation look
* with hope when the dominion will form
part of the great republic. *
The Roman Catholic Bishop and clergy
are doing all in their power to make their
flocks submit to vaccination. At a meet
ing of the Emergent Board of Health
yesterday it was reported that the Com
mittee on Vaccination and Isolation had
waited upon the Bishop and he had
agreed to do all in his power to have the
Sisters of Charity and the Sisters of
Providence assist in the work. The
clergy will announce in their churches
to-morrow that all parties reporting
small-pox cases and obeying the regula
tions of the Board will be afforded week
ly assistance. The Board resolved that
a trial of eight days should be given to
voluntary vaccination and isolation, but
if lifter this it did not appear that these
measures were universally adopted com
pulsory vaccination and isolation should
be resorted to.
Another meeting of the Citizens’ Com
mittee was held to-day. The medical
health officer said that the hospital was
full, and so full that the sisters in charge
had threatened to leave if any more pa
tients were admitted. It was resolved to
open the new wing of the building on
Monday.
There has been a large increase in the
number of deaths for this week, the fol
lowing being the ollieial figures of deaths
and new cases for each day of the week :
Date. Deaths. New Cases.
Sept. 13 48
Sept. 14 27 ali
Sept. 15 23 49
Sept, lb 45 78
Sept. 17 29 114
Sept. 18 33 102
Sept. 19 40 124
Total 235 523
Washington, Sept 18. In order that
no precaution shall be neglected to guard
against the introduction of small-pox
into the United States from Canadian
ports, the Treasury Department lias is
sued special instructions to the command
ing ollicers of the following named reve
nue steamers to speak all vessels coming
from infected ports and to prevent the
landing in the United States of all that
do not show clean bills of health :
The Woodbury at Eastport, Dallas at
Portland, Gallatin at Boston, Dexter at
Newport, Grant at New York, Hamilton
at Philadelphia, Bibb on Lake Ontario,
Perry on Lake Erie, Fessenden on
Lakes Superior and Huron, and the
Johnson on Lake Michigan.
HE ROSE ON A QUESTION OF PRIV
ILEGE.
Rome Courier.
Tuesday afternoon while preaching at
the Morrison camp ground, Rev. .T. W.
Lee, expatiating upon the beauties of
Christianity, went on to speak of how
religion beautifies everything. He said :
“My friends, religion will make the
homeliest man in the world beautiful.
For instance, fake that good and noble
Christian man, Rev. L. J. Davies, than
whom a more homely man cannot he
found; yet when you come in personal
contact with brother Davies, there is
something about the man that makes
him appear grand. It is religion. And
yet brother Davies could take the prize at
the State fair as the ugliest man in the
country.”
Just here Rev. J. W. Lee was inter
rupted by a gray-headed brother seated
in the amen corner, who raised up and
said: “Brother Lee, I’ll bet you Mr.
Davies is not an uglier man that Dr.
Felton.”
A large smile passed over the congre
gation at this unlooked-for interruption,
and for a few minutes Rev. J. W. Lee
looked somewhat embarrassed, but quick
ly recovering his equilibrium said: “I
was only speaking of men belonging to
the Conference.”
♦ ♦
State Senator James M. Smith, whose
large farm lies partly in Oglethorpe and
partly in Madison counties, is one of the
most successful planters in the South.
He commenced farming in the year 1800,
buying 300 acres of poor land on a credit
and borrowins as many hundred dollars
from a friend residing in Jackson county,
who having the utmost confidence in his
integrity, asked no security. Asa result
of his farming operations for 18 years, his
weal h will closely approximate a quar
ter of a million of dollars. Last year he
raised 1,000 bales of cotton, thousands of
bushels of corn, wheat, oats —everything
necessary for the support ot bis farm.
He raises a great many fine bogs and
cattle, and we question if a finer and
sleeker set of young mules can lie found
in tire State. He now owns 7,500 acres
of land which is divided into three farms
on one of which he works free laborers,
on another state convicts and the third
tenant. There are Zg free laborers, 7o
convicts and 50 tenants, making a total of
200 laborers on the farms. The senator’s
great success is a splendid illustration of
what energy, economy and strict person
al attention will accomplish in farming.
This model farmer gives his personal
attention to all the details of his business,
and he is renowned for his successful
management and humane treatment ot
the state’s cmvicLs.
The Araerieus Recorder, Augusta
Chronicle and other journals, while dis
claiming for themselves (honestly and
truthfully we have no doubt) any undue
influence in their support of the railroad
bill, say that they have long been opposed
to the Commission with wiih its regulat
ing powers, and are not new converts like
! the papers that have recently “flopped.’’
j Couldn’t they spare their eleventh-hour
I allies that cruel thrust?
A special from Atlanta to the Augusta
Evening News says it is reported that the
prohibitionists and anti-prohibitionists of
Atlanta have raised one hundred thousand
dollars for the approaching contest be
tween them.