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I*o fr: THY. ••With n poet’.* hamt. and a proptu <’ s , r '• Up utruck tlie wild warbling* of his lyre” rolf THE TIMES \Nl> SfATK RIOIIT S \ I)V): • ATI). Tlse prate of < OFtuin littlo, An Officer of tin: Revolution, who was captured on f.v r I.latnJ by the Britiph and cxecnird as a Spy. Idle Andre Ims been lauded to the (kies; mis worth and chit airy lu.w r.mr.inud tt.t. noticed : and not a singl* inscription hue been untie, to prese rve: his ashes from insult. ll.iirMtii the shade of you drooping «illoiv, Ho silently sleeps in his peaceful grave ; There's nought to he heart!, but the dashing billow, 'Hound the quiet npuse of the brave. No monument's there, in splendid array — No storied urn standing o’er him : Yet all, tvh't pass where his relies dee: y, 1) moan hist fate, an I deplore him- The zephyr, that lightly plays o'er his head, And the slow, rustling sound of the wave; Are requiems lit for the rest til the dead— For the undisturb’d sin p ol the brave. ()> who lias a heart to feeling so dead, • That does not lament bis sad l'.te ? Who, when viewing bis grave, hath not said. Here rest tue remains of the great. LUCIE.N. Milledgpvi’lc, January Ot?, 1833. philosophical epic.ram. Says the Earth lo the Moon* you’re a pilfering jade; V\ pat you steal from tie - in :< beyond all belief!’ Fair (’vn! hi :r< ’ Mid an: E :r!h lid ! tour prate ; reef • • is the thief.’ a b. r w J , ’e- " ~Colic ca :1 news’ ■1 ■ " hr: t i times.’ I'Ht ye, :• •>' yoy - : <■. Tue ifiuufi.e. ‘n.. . <?. R. •■. l r ■•.-it session of . ' Oircnms’.An ‘ r- Ia • ■ . admitted • * dini;vg.iis.;oJ tbriarg' tc tiw’j;i.nitu:.!v»n. „fliatl J!o .':te :ul it- t! • SU* »:*:.*.* 1,.»t liiS-iil stittstim:, r.“in . lete >r. ■■•■ u over the numerous ti'ijtrlimr.’nls -ova in l.i • w.iv of its prosperity since the ,;:i brtutmic lire of li-i.'i i. Tiic ellbrtsoiits enemies at tli;it time to destroy it, although unsuc cessful, left the institution some .lint crippled atnl depressed. .Since which time, however, it has been gradually rising, and now. through the liberality of tiic Legislature, lias risen Phumix like, from the ash es of its former misfortunes, renewed and invigora ted—in fresh beauty and usefulivss. An enlistment of State pride in its behalf is all that is now wanting to place Franklin College on an equality with the most successful and distinguished seminaries of the land; without this its endowments however liberal— its advantages however numerous, mast prove una vailing, and it must languish on, if not in obscurity, in the dubious twilight of uncertain fame and for- tunes.' It is almost unnecessary to urge this as now almost the only obstacle in the way of its complete success—it is self evident. For what ail vantages can the more popular institutions at the North now boast over Franklin College? Her endowments are as liberal—her officers as numerous, able, and effi cient—her philosophical and chemical apparatus as complete, and her libraries as valuable as the most of those at the North, whose halls are crowded by Southern youth, whilst their own institution is left almost empty and desolate! This must always be the case until the people of Georgia are brought to look upon their own College as a -Slate institution,” in the success of which, their respectability ns a peo ple, and their honor as a State, are deeply involved. Were this the case, as it ought to be, so many ofher youth would not be now abroad in pursuit of that which they could obtain at homo with equal facility, and at not much less sacrifice of health, wealth, aiid happiness. The improvements made in the institution during the last two years arc immense; and for the gratifi cation of those who may doubt this fact, we would call their attention to the publication oCstudies of the ditlerent classes by the Faculty,which lias been for some time going t!i ■ rounds of the papers in our State. Let them compare this with similar publi cations, but a few years back, and they will no lon ger remain skeptical on the subject. In fine, we hazard nothing in making the assertion, that there are but low institutions in (he country, North, East, South, or West, whose advantages for bestowing liberal education on youth are greater than those en joyed by Franklin College. Mechanic*. —Let the operative mechanic become •cientifical.v acquainted with the principles of his trade, and lie will tind an int. rest excited, of which before he had no conception. Lei tho i h nientary principles of philosophy spring up in hi.* mind, count cted with hi., occupation, and he will derive plcasnr ■ as well as profit from his business, lie will tfiink as w. II as labor, in the exercise of his physical powers, those of the intel lect will be unfolded and niattiri and. Tue uiutni.l sym pathies excited by the copartnership u f lli« body and the mind, w ill so beguile the hardship of manual labor, that his work will he his delight- lie will also become acquainted with those in thods of operation, which are the results of well directed exp riinents, and which are beat adapted to the effect he wish.* to produce. 11 will avail himself of ’bo experietr-e of men of extensive theoretical cnotvledge, and increase his conti lei.ee in his ova abilities by solving, with Ins own hand, inter csting pronl.-in m rhanics. Conscious that lie un derstands tu •mi I' tpb sos his trade, | )c will bo perpetu ally acuniri ug uew m isti ry over the materials and i’.• diffl-utfi. *ol .o’ work. By shortening the process ol laiior. and • . --*■■■■ u.g surer safeguards Iroin accident, lie !•-•> 1 ...n i. it r. 'I jndiis trains ain-l. iv •( ii • , 'd V..; u mind, will nut only oo.gp.r pr ; •' •. •t . mv i,. t, Imt his ■ . ..ml i . id Ark ..... vv a • • ■ ol .... , I, . tJVj.-cll l"olli rs.— is iirtal to ino trade ol it b«riier. ;»i yn torsi. If vvrk. —L- 11 •" vre, commonly called in Eng land “Havre de Grace,” but which ! have never heaivl so designated here, receives its name from its good and accessible harbour situated just under the shelter of a promontory on the eastern bank of the Seine, where it empties itself into the English Chan nel. The river is here an arm of the sea, about three miles wide. Le Havre stands nearly on a level with the sea, and is a neat, well-built modern town, with spacious streets and convenient docks. At a short"distance from the town the land rises into a ridge of'soine elevation,on which the wealthy inha bitants of Havre have built villas, and where trees and gardens add much to the beauty of ihc spot.— The faubourg is called Ingouville, and it commands verv extensive views of the Channel, the river, and the land; tl: - situation is both charming and beau tiful. Steam packets ply regularly between Havre and Southampton, as they do between Dieppe and Brighton, and betw .m Calais and Dover. My stay in Havre was only a single night, as I found the steamboat which rails up the Seine twice or thrice a week for Rouen, was to leave early on the morning after my auival ; and I am too great an admirer of lieitutilid scenery to have omitted this opportunity of viewing the charming valley of the Seine. We left the doc], at five in the morning, and stood out i into the roads, but soon directed our course up the | broad river.- This part of the French coast, like i many parts of the coast of England, is bordered by I chalk dills, so that we have no exclusive title on this j ground to the name of Albion. Other parts of the I coast, however,have a low and sandy beach. Tlks | valley of the Seine between Rotten and Havre is I verv serpentine, and runs between lulls oi lime stone, where the rocks stand out in bold crags and scaurs,and are accompanied as in the lime-stone districts of England, with pasturage and wood in the valleys. The fresh water of the river and the salt w ater of the sea, were most distinctly marked by their different colours ; there was no inching of one into the other, but the line of demarcation was as obvious as if a wall had been built to indicate it. The greater number of our passengers were En glish ; but there were sonic French, and amongst them a gentleman with his two daughters from Lor raine. The voting ladies were lively and intelli gent, and 1 had some conversation -with them about tin English language and literature, hike most of their countrymen, they found our language very difficult, and the pronunciation, owing to its endless irregularities, quite unattainable. They also com plained o: the indistinctness with which the Fuig l!s:t so' :■!••. especially in sliding over the let:* r, v.-ifi'-h the French rattle so distinctly. I amused . .th ird Byron’s contrast between the F 'din , nd the English languages, in bis Beppo ; con-urred in bis Lordship’s opinion of the two, •’•fist T -.ont'-ndetl that it was not quite fair ; as the hues in which lie commends the liquid Italian, and ridicules our “harsh northern grunting guttur al.” sufficiently prove the English is capable of sweetness as well as strength. The winding .Seine runs through delicious scenery. The hills are gen erally of a rounded and graceful form, but with bold crags upon their sides ; they arc covered either with verdure or trees, and the pastures of the valley are rich and delightful t > the eye. There is an abun dance of wood, ornamentally scattered over the hill sides and the valley ; and many a lively pretty village, and many a fruitful orchard, stand on the banks of the river. Normandy is one of the few provinces of France where much grazing land is to seen, and where cattle arc bred. Yet even here the cattle tire by no means so fat and fine as those of England, nor is the meat equal to ours. After a most agreeable passage, we arrived at Rouen about two o’clock. < ont;esr.sssovYS,. IN SENATE. Monday, Jan. *2l, 18.13. Air. Wilkins, from the committee on the Judicia ry, to whom was referred the message of the Presi dent ol the United States of the Kith instant, rela tive to the proceedings of South Carolina, reported the following bill, which was read and ordered to be printed: a mix. Further to provide for the collection of dutie on imports. Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That whenever, by reason of unlawful obstructions, combinations, or assemblages of persons, or unlawful threats and menaces against officers of the United States.it shall become imprac ticable, in the judgment of the President, to execute the revenue laws, and collect the duties on imports in the ordinary way, in any collection district, it shall and may he lawful for the President to direct that the custom house for such districts, be established and kept in any secure place within some port or liarbor of such district, cither upon land or on board any vessel: and in that Case it shall be the duty of the Collector to reside at such place, and there to" de tain all vessels and cargoes arriving within the said district until the duties imposed on said cargoes In law be paid, deducting interest according to existing laws: and in such cases it shall lie unlawful to take the vessel or cargo from the custody of the proper officer of the customs, unless by process from some court of the United States; and in case of any at tempt otherwise to take such vessel or cargo, hv anv force, or combination, or assemblage of persons, too great tobc overcome by the officers of the customs, it shall and may be lawful for the President of tho United .States, or such person or persons as he shall have empowered for that purpose, to rmulov such part of the land or naval forces, or militia of the Ta inted States, as in ay lie deemed necessary for tit • purpose of preventing the removal of such vessels or cargo, and protecting the officers of the customs in retaining the custody thereof, and also for die pur pose of preventing and suppressing anv armed or riotous assemblage of persons resisting the custom house officers in the exercise of| their unties, or in any manner opposing the execution of the revenue laws of the United States, or otherwise violating or assisting and abetting violations of the same. Sec. v’. Be it further enacted, That the jurisdic tions of the Circuit Courts oi the United States shall extend to all eases, in law or equity, arising under the revenue laws of the United States, for which oilier provisions arc not already made by law. And it"any person shall root i\c any injury to his person or property, lor or on account of anv act hv him done, under any law of the United States, ha- the protection of the revenue, or the collection of duties i on imports, lie shall he entitled to maintain suit for damage tlu i for, in the Circuit Court of the United! States itt tho district wherein the party doing the in-! jury may reside, nr shall h» found. And all projicr-1 ty taken or detained b> am officer or other person 1 under authority of ai y law of the l nited Mates, shall be irrepleviable and shall be deemed to be in flic custody of the lav, and subject only to 'he or ders and decrees of tlb courts of the 1 nited Sta tes, having jurisdiction thereof. Andi! any person sual! dispossess or rescue, oj attempt to dispossess or res cue, any property so taken or detained as aforesaid, or shall aid or assist thenin, such person shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, an 1 shall he 1.-able to such punishment, as is provided by the ~~’d-;sec tion of the act for the punishment <>i certain crimes, against the United States, approved theSOtii day ol April, Anno Domini 90c thousand seven hundred and ninctv, for the wilful obstruction and resistance of officers in the service of process. Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That in any ease where suit or prosecution shall be commenced in a court of anv State against any officer o* the 1 nited State:-, or other person, fur, on account ol any act done under the laws of the l nited States, or uimlci color thereof, or sot or on account o! any ri fiit, nu thorifv, or title, set up or claimed by such officer or ■other person under any i ■ w oi the 1 nited S.av 0. it shall be laws”! for the and Tcndant in such suit or pros ecution, at any time before trial, upon a petition to said court, setting forth, the nature of said suit. <>r< prosecution, and ’eritying the said petition by affida vit, w!t: ’h said [:■ tition and aihaa vit si’.;;!l be proson f ed to said court, or to the clerk thereof, or left at the office of tho said elerl. to remove the said suit, j or prosecution, to the ('ircr.it ( ourt of the I nited j States then next to he hidden in the district where ; the said suit, or prosecution, is commenced ; and, j thereupon, it shall he the duty of the said State court; to stay all further proceedings therein; and the. sit’d vuit, or prosecution, up< n presentment ol said |>e ti tion. or affidavit, or leaving the same as aforesaid, shall he deemed and taken to lie removed into the ■ aid Circuit Court, and any further proceedings, tri al or judgment therein, in tho said Slate court, shall Le v. hollv null and void; and on proof being made to the said Circuit Court of the presentment <>f said pe tition and affidavit, or of the leaving of the same ns aforesaid, the said Circuit Court shall have authori ty to entertain jurisdiction of said suit, or prosecu tion, and to proceed therein, and to hear, try, and determine the same, in like manner as if the same had been originally cognizable and instituted in such Circuit Court. And all attachments made and all hail and other security given upon such suitor pros, edition, shall he and continue in like force and 1 fleet as if the same suit, nr prosecution had proceeded to final judgment and execution in tiic State Court And if upon the removal of any such suit or prose cution, it shall be made to appear to.the said Circuit Court that no copy of the record and proceedin'.s therein, in the Ktate eourt,can be obtainsd. it shall be lawful for said Circuit Court to allow and require {lie plaint ill’to proceed de novo, and to lde a declar ation of his cause of action, and the parties may thereupon proceed as in actions originally- brought in said Circuit Court; and on failure of so proceed ing, judgment of non pres may he rendered against the plaintiff, with costs for the defendant. Sec. !. Be it further enacted,.That in any ease in which anv party is, or may be, by law, entitled to copies of the record oi proceedings in any suitor prosecution in any State court, to be used in any court in the United States if the clerk oi said State court shall, upon demand, and the payment or ten der of the legal fees, refuse or neglected to deliver to such party certified copies of such record and pro ceedings, the court of the United Mates in which such record of proceedings may be needed, on proof by affidavit that the clerk of such State court has refused or neglect to deliver copies thereof, on de mand, as aforesaid, may direct and allow such re cord to be supplied by affidavit, or otherwise as the circumstances of the case may require and allow; and thereupon such proceeding, trial and judgment, may be had in the said court of the L nited States, and all such processes awarded, as it certified copies oi such records and proceedings had been regularly before the said gourt. Sec. .'>. Be it further enacted, That whenever the President of the United Stales shall be officially in former by the authorities of any State, or by the Circuit and one of the District Judges of the United States in the State, that within the limits of such State, any law or laws of the United States, or the execution thereof, or of any process from the courts of the United States, will in any event be obstructed by the employment of military force, or by any oth er unlawful means too great to be overcome by the ordinary course of judicial proceeding, or by the powers vested in the marshal by existing laws, it shall bo lawful for him, the President of the United States, forthwith to issue his proclamation, declar ing such fact or information, and requiring all such military or other force forthwith to disperse: ;« and if at any time after the issuing of such proclamation, anysuc.lt opposition or obstruction shall be made in the manner or by the menus aforesaid, promptly to employ such means to resist and suppress the sanffe, and to cause the said law or process to lie duly ex ecuted; as arc authorized and provided in the cases therein mentioned, by the Set of the 28th Feb. 17#u, entitled, “An act to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union,-suppress insiurcclions, repei invasions, and to repeal the act now in force for that purpose.” And, also, by the act of 3d March, 1807, entitled, “An act authoriz ing Ihe employment of the land and naval forces of the United Mates in cases of insurrection.” Fee. !’>. Be it further enacted, That in any State where the jails are not allowed to be used for the impr’ -orsmenl of persons arrested or committed un der the laws of the United States, or w here houses are not allowed to be so used, it shall and may be lawful for any marshal, under the direction of the judge of the United States, for the proper district, to use other convenient places, and to make such other provision as he msv deem expedient and necessary for that purpose. Sec. 7. Be It further enacted, That either of the justices of the Supreme Court, or a judge of any Dis trict ('ourt of the United States, in addition to the authority already conferred by law, shall have pow er to grant writs of habeas corpus in all cases of a prisoner or prisoners, in jail or confinement, where be or they sh;dl be committed or fined on or by any authority or law for any act done, or omitted to be •done, in pursutfnee of a law of the United States, or any order, process or decree, of any judge or court thereof, any thing in any act of Congress to the con trary notwithstanding. And if any person or per sons to whom such w rits of habeas corpus may be directed, shall refuse to of ev the same, or shall neg lect or refuse to make return, or shall make a false return thereto, in addition to the remedies already given by law, !;e ortliey shall be deemed and taken to lie guilty ot a misdemeanor, and shall, on convic tion before any erturt oj competent jure diction, be punished by fine not exceeding. dollars, and by imprisonment not exceeding 1 or hv either, according to th*’ nature and ag-j graof the t-tf*, HOUSE of representatives. 'J'nirRBDAY, Jan. 2-L TARIFF BILL. yg,. WILDE resumed the floor, and concluded course oflrs remarks in support of th<* bill- Ho v. as followed by Mr. VINTON, of Ohio, on the opposite side. Mr. V. had proceeded for a con siderable time, when he gave way for motion by \| - \!! )LD, lor tlie rising of the C< •minittee. ’The motion prevailed —yeas (50, nays G 2. So the Committee rose. .]., thi' I louse, .Mr. SPEIGHT moved again to go in (on -it tee, and demanded the Yeas and Nays. Mr. IRV IN moved an adjournment. Mr. SLEIGHT demanded the yeas and nays. They were taken accordingly, and stood as follows: venS 75; nays 78. So the House refused to adjourn. [lt was now past 1 o'clock.] Mr. SLEIGHT renewed his motion to go into Committee. Mr. BURL) demanded a call of the House. Mr. TAYLOR said that, if the gentleman would j withdraw that motion, he would consent to a recess i till six o’clock. Mr. Rul'd declining to do so, the yeas and nays were taken, on calling the House, and resulted as follows: yeas .*,*>, nqys 05. So 1 lie call was refused. Mr. SUTHERLAND moved an adjournment. Mr. WILDE, demanded the yeas and nays —be- ing t then they wore: yeas 70, nays 80. So the House refused to adjourn. The question recurring on Mr. Speight’s motion to go into Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union. Mr. ARNOLD demanded the yeas and nays— being taken they were as follows: yeas DO, nays 75. . . The House thereupon went again into Commit tee of the Whole on‘the State of the Union, Mr. WAYNE in the Chair, and resumed the consider ation of the Tariff Bill. Mr. YIN TON resumed the course of his re marks. At about six o’clock, Mr. E v ERLI I moved for the rising of the Committee. The motion was neg atived—avi s 57, nocs 63. Mr. VINTON then resumed, and continued to occupy the floor until near 7 o’clock. During the course of Mr. \ INTON’S speech he had observed that “lie would sooner see every man who occupied the seats around him swept away he would sooner see the rivers of this land run with blood, and one half of the population of t Lis lair Re public perish bv the sword, than see one jot or tittle of that sacred constitution which had been bequeath ed to us hv our fathers, or of the laws, obliterated hy force:” when a sudden cry was heard from Mr. McDUFFIE of “Robespierre!” This cry was in stantly followed hy hisses from various quarters ol the House. The Chair called to order. Mr. CARSON said that the gentleman had a right to give utterance to his indignant feeling at such a sentiment. The CIIAIR (Mr. Wayne,) replied that lie was Hot clothed in vain with power to preserve order in the House, and he should not fail to exercise it. Considerable sensation prevailed for a moment, but it soon subsided. When Mr - VINTON had concluded his speech : Mr. CARSON rose to explain. It had not been he, (as seemed to lie supposed by many gentlemen,) who had uttered the expressive word “Robespierre/ when the gentleman from Ohio had expressed a sen timent so monstrous. That word had been uttered by a gentleman over the way who would never dis avow his words. Deeply as Mr. (J. felt, he should have remained silent; but when he heard the hiss ing which arose, he could not hut express what he had done. But my G—d ! (exclaintcd Mr. C.) what have we hoard! heard it here! on the floor of an A merican Congress! That the gentleman would see every man on this floor swept oil'from it—all the ta lent, all the patriotism, all the noble spirits in that Hall swept otf! But was that all? No, but that he would see the rivers of this whole country run blood; and half the population of this our la k inheritance put to tiic sword, rather, than that constitution should he violated, which Mr. 0. had heard the gen tleman himself declare to have been already viola ted—half the population! by which the gentleman meant his brethren—and this, after a sovereign State had pronounced the law in question to he un constitutional ? Mr. VINTON here asked leave to set the gentle man right, as to what he had said. The CHAIR. Does the gentleman yield the floor. Mr. CARSON. No: if the gentleman would hut put himself right— Mr. WATMOUGH here interposed, and called his friend from North-Carolina to order He begged his triend to softer him to interpose, and step before him, to save himself, before any thing should be ut tered from which, might he cause of lasting regret. The gentleman from Ohio had not said, what the gentleman was under an impression that he had.—• The gent! man had been remarking on Here Mr. WATMOUGH. was called to order by many voices; and the Chair admonished him that he was departing from rule. Mr. CARSON said he would take the admonition ofhis friend; although lie believed that his friend had been even more out of order than himself. It had been with deep regret that he had expressed his emotions at what he had understood the gentleman from Ohio to have said. The gentleman might at tempt to palliate the sentiment; but, unless he wholly retracted, a!! attempts to explain it away would he unavailing. .Mr. VfNTOX now explained. lie had made no use of the word “violated.” A violation of the Con stitution might happen through mere misapprehen sion ofjudgmcnt. What he had said was, that sooner than see the Constitution oiu,iti::!atei> bv rouci:, he would sec the alternative lie had mentioned. Be cause he considered that as a total annihilation of the Constitution which must put an end to the Gov ernment. Mr. McDUFFIE said lie was very sorry that ho found himself under the necessity, from what had just occurred, of addressing the Chair at all. It had been his fixed purpose, and still was, to take no part in the present discussion: and he was verv sorrv that what had occurred in the House, rendered it now necessary for him .to say a single word. When the gentleman from Ohio had uttered that sentiment which the Home, he presumed, had heard with a portion of that abhorrence it had excited in his own mind—he could not help involuntarily making the exclamation he had uttered. lie admitted that, st riot lx oniiridt ivd.it could not he vid to be perfectly n order, though it was no more than what often Happened, in.a,l parts ot the world. As he had been out of on!- r. he owed an apology to the House: hut none to the nt!- in. :i from < >hio. Mr. WATMOUGH now u ved for the raising of the Committee; but the motion failed, Yr as Gy, Nays 7-2. Mr. \V. accordingly took the >or, and went into a speech in opposition to the bill. Mr. W. was speaking when our paper went to press. I'OttTJCAtl “ Tha price of Liberty, is eternal vigilance." MEETING IN MONROE. Pursuant to notice given in the Georgia .Messer, gerof the lltii inst, inviting the citiz ns of Monroe County, without distinction of parties, to meet in the ( Yurt I louse in Forsyth, this day, 23 Jan ]sy;i f or the purpose of expressing an opinion in relation to the late Proclamation of the President of the Uni ted States, a large and respectable number ol the citizens of the County, amounting to live or six hun dred, convened at the time and place appointed: Dr. Wm. B. Step!sens was called to the Chair, and Wm. P. Henry appointed Secretary, A. 11. Chappell, Esq. explained the object of the meeting, and off red the following Preamble and Resolutions, viz: The citizens of Monroe Comity, assembled in pursuance of notice, for the purpose of expressing their sentiments in relation to the late Proclaims tion of the President of the United States, cannot repress the declaration of their strong surprise and regret,that principles and doctrines such as those contained in that document should have been sanc tioned ami promulged by the present chief magis trate of the Union. The effectual maintninaneeof that division of powers which the Constitution has ordained between the General Government and the particular .State-, is a vital and most difficult point ir the working of the. complex political system of our country. It would be rendering this* distribu tion of powers idlannd unavailing—.indeed it would he a virtual annulment of the distribution itself—if to that Government which holds the purse and sword of the whole Confederacy be also ascribed the sole and exclusive right of deciding what pow ers have been conferred on it, and of binding the sev eral States by such its decisions; —for die uncheck ed right of judging of the extent of its own powers coupled with the unlimited command of the resour ces, pecuniary and military, of the count rv, for the purpose of giving elliet to its judgments, "must un questionably amount in practice to concentratin'* in that Government any and all powers which it may choose to arrogate. Os such a character and tendency, however, are the doctrines of the Proclan ation—doctrines which have ever been rejected hy the Republican party as unsound and dangerous, and which have heretofore only found a reception among that portion of the people and politicians of this country known as the Federal party. —For the great, permanent and par amount point ofdiflercnce between political parties in the United States—a dillcrencc springing from the peculiar character of our* Federative Svstcm and destined to last as Jong as the Constitution itself shall exist in its present state —turns on the ques tion oftiii: right or judging, —the Federal party maintaining that the right of determining w hat pow - ers are delegated by the Constitution atid what are reserved to the States, resides exclusively in the General Gov ernment as against the sever.l States, and that the latter are constitutionally obliged to yield to the determinations of the former, on all questions touching the’ boundary of power, whilst the Republican party, on the other hand, has always insisted that e ach State, in virtue ol'its reserved sove reignty, and as a necessary incident thereto, possess es an equal and co-ordinate right of judging for it self, as against the General Government, what pow ers it has granted and w hat it has retained, and may also constitutionally act upon such its judg ment, by taking measures to arrest, within its par ticular limits, infractions of the Constitution by the Federal authorities. The cardinal conflicting doctrines of the two great parties of our country being thus ascertained and distinguish'd, it is hardly possible to doubt as to their respective tendencies. That of the Federal ists, by freeing the General Government from all chock whatever, exercisable by the States in their] separate capacity, lends directly and enrely to con- j solidation and ultimate despotism ; whereas that of ' the Republican is happily adapted to the keeping off the General Government and the several States within their respective rightful spheres, by render-J ing them mutual checks on each other; and al though itex'poscs the country to the danger of occa-1 sional collisions between the head and members of-J the confederacy, yet an apt remedy for such coiiis-J ions is always at hand in the power of amending the 1 Constitution —a remedy to which resort will invar;-f ably he had, on failure of other means, if there be a j. sincere disposition to preserve peace and the integ ritv of the Union. That Andrew- Jackson should, at this late day, ] have solemnly repudiated th republican doctrine* on this subject, and w edded himself by the most imposing sanctions, to those of the Federalists, is an event, than which none has ever occurred in our constitutional history more strange, unnatural, and portentous of lasting ill. To say nothing of the tact, that the doctrines he now advances are those in o|<- position to w hich he was elected to his present high station, nor of the further fact, that the doctrines he ; now casts oirarc the same that were thought to have gained a triumph in his elevation to power, leaving out view, too, that as a member of the repub lican party,lie was always conceived to hold the es sential distinctive doctrines of that party,—dropping all these tilings from our thoughts, it is enough to ; present the simple question, lias not his administra tion of the Government, h;> to the moment ol issuing this Proclamation, been marked by a copstatit and dear recognition of the principles he now denoun ces ! Upon what hut a right of annulling laws and > treaties of the United States which she judged tone unconstitutional, has the whole policy ot Georgia j lor years past, proceeded in relation to her (hero kce territory ? Upon what but a right ol annulling as uncoiislitutiona' even that twenty-fifth section 0 the Judiciary Act, the constitutionality of which the President scorns to think has never been question© . has Georgia based herself in her disobedience to the mandates,and defiance of the power ofthcSupiem® Federal Court ? And upon what, let it be u» c > but a recognition of this right of annulment, as excr eiseilby Georgia, has the I’resident himself .piece® ed, during all this time, in his acquiescence ® strenuous and long continued annulling policy 0 * State s And shall lie hope to win our belief " he tells ns’now that “the power to annul a bnv o * > United States, assumed hy one State, is incon'P 0 ' hie w ith the existence of the Union, contie |lct expressly hy the letter of the Constitution,!®. . thorised by its spirit, inconsistent with every UR I’iple rm which it w as founded, and destructive . meal 01.j.a-t for v hi' li it was formed”!