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COMUNICATIONS.
SLAVERY AND ITS CONTRAST
I’, is not designed to enter into a discussion
of the various topics which would be naturally
comprised in a thorough and elaborate inves
tigation of slavery—its relations to morality
government, or religion, as skiy oue of'these,
examined in oxtenso, would be Altogether for
eign to my purpose, and lead me beyond the
limits of a brief commuuieatfos My object is
*o present a few of the prominent canses of
'*be present slavery agitation in a plain, ouoa
tentatiou* and common sense form; aui the
VeasoßWvby the causes assigned grow out of the j
relat ions "existing between the North and the
(South : and so long as those relations exist,
immodifiod by time, or unchanged by interve
ning circumstances, just so long wTil the agita
tion be [Krpetuatod. for like causes, •under the
same circumstances will always be followed by
the same resu't*. This axiomatic truth has no i
exceptions in any department of science, either .
of law, or government, or ethieu— it matters
not what the object to be accomplished may
be, it can ouly bo obtained by an adequate-, na
tive caune. The difference in the character and
nature of the labor employed, leftww .lively, by
the free and slave States of the Union, under
lies. as one of the great ’'.>urdati» « pillars, the
ceaseless theme of the slavery agitation by the i
North. In the North labor'is confided to, and
performed by the bands of-their poor white
population, being a restless, dissatisfied and ■
clamorous element in their social fabric, whose i
every pecuniary interest is i« diametrical op- ,
position to that cf the CBfitali.-t who feeds
them. It is to the - inter- st of the capitalist to
obtain labor at the lowest possible rates, whilst
41 «e equally to the interest of the laborer to
get the highest possible price for his labor.
Thus a direct antagonism is established be
tween capital and labor that must ever exist
t-o long as they are confided to, and employed
by <li fie rent liaudsand separate rntere-ts. The
•-.urifosmly aiftagsnistic states of labor and capi
ta] in the free States of the Union, is a propo
sition so oh ar atol unquestionable that ‘ a way
faring man, Chough he were a fool,’’ would ad
mit its truthfulness. The operation of this an
tagonism is manifestly to make the rich richer,
■and the poor poorer. That community is it: a
deplorable condition, indeed, where the coffers
of the rich aroused to grind the faces of the
poor to the degradation of squalid poverty.—
Such is the relation which exists between the
poor and the rich of the North—a relation in
separable from the very nature and existence
of their social system—a relation fraught with
the discontentment, strife, animosity and im
placable hostility of the down-trodden, beggar
ed poor, against the'heartless, merciless, grasp
ing rich—a relation that wreaks untold mise
ries upon the dependent poor man, because he
is dependent and poor, and toroed, iu his
straightened, abject condition, “to lick the
hand that smites him.” Deliver me from such
freedom! Is he not virtually a icAi7c«7<u'ei Is lie
not chained and manacled down beneath the
crushing influence of a cool, calculating, mon
xed aristocracy I The capitalist, very naturally,
looks only to the profits he is enabled to wring
from the labor of his operatives, not caring a
jot or tittle about Lis health, comfort, food,
clothing, etc., for there is always on hand, and
al his elbow, a hungry, starving swarm of
creatures panting to till vacancies whenever
and wherever they occur. If the Northern
slave or operative gets sick on wages barely
sufficient to keep soul and body together, his
pay ceases aud he must look out for quarters
suited to hi penniless condition. lie is most
probably stowed away in some filthy garret,
where he forms a companionship with snob in
teresting customers as fleas, chinches, and oth
er vermin still more loathsome, but which
thrive upon the stench and general malaria of
the apartment to which the unfortunate white
slave operative is consigned—and this state of
things Yankeedom terms freedom! Is it not
freedom with a vengeance? No wonder we
hear.of so many itrikee for higher wages. If
for no other reason than to get away from
tlios-j infernal fleas, chinches, Ac., the constant
intnalos of their noisome sick rooms, they
ought to strike! Yes, strike for better quarters,
better pay, bettor laws, better morals, better
institutions in general, where they will find
more kindness and sympathy when sick, anti
think better of themselves and their fellow
citizens when they are well. It is this dogged,
uncared for and degrading condition of the
penniless white slave of the North that makes
him an infidel, misanthropist and pick-pocket.
Jn order to stimulate sentiments of honor and
paabity, natural to the industrious classes—in
■arder to approach with fraternal aid the labor
er who Hud* it difficult to live from day to day,
owing to the insufficiency of his wages, and
who cannot suspend his own wants and that of
his family, because labor is suspended, the sys- '
tern should be changed «o the laborer can be
constantly employed at remunerating prices.
From want of employment the laborer is often
exposed to frightful temptations, which are the
result of misery and poverty. Indigence with
out labor at the North never finds any credit.
and one of the greatest calamities to the labor- |
er is the interruption of his employment.— '
But other embarrassments must be anticipated
which affliet the employed laborer. Often an
interruption of one or two days, frequently
brought upon them by fatigue, nrthe attention
which a sick wife or child require*, or by be
ing obliged to change their residence, deprives
llie workmen of their daily resources. They
are then obliged to resort to pawnbrokers, w ho
.charge an enormous interest, nnd who, like the
lords of the loom, will exact the last farthing
of the unfortunate poor. Thus the laborer is
often compelled from necessity, which is said
<to have no law, either to pawn his meager ef
fl-ets. borrow from biaequally necessilousueigh
feor, beg, starve or steal. The last expedient,
however, is generally resorted to as being pref
erable, as it is supposed to be attended by the
best success in the emergency of the case
That such is the legitimate tendency of the
antagonistic relation of labor and capital in :
the free State*, there can be no question. It
is a system, the tendency of which, beyond all
others, points directly to the depravat’ice. poin
tion and shameless recklessness of the poor la- I
boring class of the people. Look at the thous- ,
ands upon thousands of the poor laboring vic- j
time of the free manufacturing States of thia
Union, and of Europe, recently thrown out of
employment by their overseers, and turned
over to the tender mercies of a cold public !
charity, without money, without sympathy
and w ithout friends to shelter them from the
pitiless atone, or protect them from the bor- '
rid ravages of actual hunger and irn[>euding
s.- ah: and te'.’ me it' this miserable • onditiou ■
i of things did not grow out of, or was not I
1 caused by, the oatagonisinof labor to capital, |
as it exists in the North t Any attempt to
charge it upon the general Bank suspension is
merely mi evasion of the argument, and re
suit* fro 1 : a misconception of the facta con-i
I nacted with the real canse, which operated in
the prodnttion of the « ide-spread distress of
the Northern laboring classes. The Banks de
pend upon the labor of the country for their
capital, and labor must be unceasing tv give
stability to healthy Banking operations. But
labor never cun be constant in the free States,
because of its antagonism to capital. The evils
I of tho suspension fell upon the capitalist* of
j the slave States, who were nble to bear them, j
without affecting, in tho slightest degree, the •
I status of the laboring classes. This will ever.
I be the consequence of monetary derangement* j
j m> long as capital and labor are in the same i
| hands. The rich and not the poor must al- 1
■ ways suffer iu the South, whilst iu the North 1
I the reverse is, and always will he, aarily tho
' case, unless they change their entire system of
' social polity in reference to the relation of la
i bor to capital. This underlies the whole diffi
; culty ill the free State*. This shows the why
i and the wherefore of the crusade against slave
labor iu tho Southern Stata*. But the practi
' cal question is—which is the better system of
! the two ? It requires no metaphysical, hair
splitting refinements to arrive at a just and
projier conclusion in the premises If the la
-1 boring classes of the North “arc the mud-sills
I of society,’’ those “mudsills’’ occupy a very
■ unstable position, being tossed about by the
■ quicksands of political capriceoti the one hand,
i and the avarice of capital on the other. The
i puzzle with them is how c«n they ameliorate
I their condition ? The evil is upon them—they
see and feel it. It makes them restless and dis
satisfied with their condition. They know
1 where the disease is, but are without a suitable
remedy. They ar ready to tall in with every
new tangled theory, from a sickly hmnanitari
j anism "towards the African race, to the obscene
pretensions and lewd practices of spiritualism.
Our “mud sills,” on the contrary, are content
ed, peaceful aud happy, because they them
selves constitute-the major part of the capital
of the courttry. Sustaining this relation to
i I their iiinsterscireverteers, they are consequent
: ly well fed. well clothed, well housed and duly
' cared for when sick; their reasonable wants are
I seasonably and properly supplied. We hear of
Ino discontent—no clamors—no strikes for high
g I
'er wages from them. Our social system, then.
I is infinitely superior to that of the North
I where incessant wretchedness and tremendous
discord among the poor hear saddening sway.
That social system is best where the masses ol
the poor arc the most contented nnd happy.
J Ours is eminently so, because there is no strug
' gle between labor and capital. It’ tho free
States are as humane as tliev profess to be. and
8. * *
■ really desire “that the greatest good should rc
' i dound to the greatest number” Os their inhab-
1 I itants, should they not adopt our humane and
I benevolent institution ol'slavcrv and cease their
u '
hypocritieai shrieking about. Kansas and the
I higher law rule of the government ? They
’ ' should. Bnt will they let us alone and rectify
’ ! their own polluted institutions at home ? This
j 1 I is quite improbable, for the workings of their
' eystem of labor have actually made them too .
* I mean and degraded to be just in their dealings I
' with their fellow-inon. The standard of their 1
r : public and private morals is at such a low ,
I point a.- to make them little better than a den [
' of thieves and robbers of the most unscrupu- '
lous an 1 daring character. Every one who has |
’ travelled through the Northern State* knows
’ that this is true of the poor classes that have
’ been shut out from the pale of docent society
’ j through tho operation of their white slave sys
’ i tern of labor. Our slaves aro Nogroe*. They
have few temptation* to steal in comparison
! with the white slave* of the North, because
* Southern masters are more humane towards
* , their dependent* than are tho masters of the
I I North, lienee tho standard of morals amongst
e the poor of the South is much higher than
1 ' that of the North. A negro hero would dis
-1 ■ dain to be caught stealing a lite, poor, ichite I'in
-1 lee, indeed, ho would rather bo caught with a
' I decent eluep on hit back; bat tho Yankee takes
’ I great plea-uro—in fact it is esteemed a great
: luxury to him to be caught with a live Cuti’eo,
' cheek by jolc, as if greatly fascinated by the
' ; color of bis skin, the graces of his person and
tho delectable odor he emits. Perhaps nil
■ these conspire to make Cuffoe an object of hi
’ • especial admiration. As “misery loves compa- '
'; ny," be is perhaps desirous of kidnapping his j 1
' coloredJ'rieiul, in order to make him as despi- I
i cable and miserable as himself by giving him a
few extra lessons in some new scheme of living
' without labor. l:i a word, he wishes to place
; the negro on an equality with himself by sedu
' cing him from the path of obedience, honor
and fidelity to his master—to make him a
I scoundrel uuwhipped of justice, as is he, the
■ seductionist. This is free labor morality, hon-
I esty, vii tue, right, justice and such a cluster of
. misnamed virtues as “make angels tremble aud
‘ devils weep’’—and such is the workings and
; tendencies of the free labor system—a system
that makes felons of honest men. and demons
I of the otherwise naturally well disposed.
EQUAL RIGHTS.
[COMMUNICATED.]
CUT OF MACON.
Now that planters generally throughout the
' country are busily engaged in their farming in
-1 tereat, it will not, I hope, be received by any 1
merchant of this place an offence by placing;
| before the public a premonitory hint; and it
i is sincerely hoped it may bo kiudly received,
ami strictly adhered to. Necessity will require
i many planters during the present spring and
summer to send their teams to Macon for arti
cles of provisions, negro clothes and other a: -
tides indisjiensalde to every family, and a*
those trips will be desired by all to be hasty—
few and far between —I would recommend with
all due deference that each and every merchant
establish as an inflexible rule that his store las
open and ready to deliver goods at least by ear
'ly dawn of day. This will greatly facilitate
the trip and make it much easier for teams and
drivers. I for one doubt not but the rule will 1
work well; and would in conclusion respect
i fully recommend fanners to have an eye to
‘ such merchant* and reward the industrious
: habit by patrouizmg such, and such only in ,
preference to all others—no matter bow long |
yon may have been a patron to any house,
great or email in business. that may happily in- >
I dnlge their sweet morning nap* to the annoy- !
ance aud unwarranted detention of man and
‘ beast till one or one-half hours of the morning I
shall have been stolen away by habits of pleas- I
i nreand inattention. A PLANTER.
Taringsr mnty April 10th
THE FREAKS OF GENIV&
Error is said to be incident to humanity, 1
and even genius is not an infallible safe-guard -
against its subtle attacks, as the history of the
world ha* clearly shown. Diogenes demon
strated'thi* fact when he made the narrow cir- .
’ cunifftx-ncc of a tub his habitation ; Pythago- |
' ras afforded ns an example of it when he ex- i
I changed the qniet life of a philosopher for the t
noisy, tumultuous one of a politician ; and the j
wild liccntiomsness of the otherwise great Al-
! ci biade’yields ns further proof of it. Thisbeing I
, true, it may seem nqjust or unkind to speak i
harshly of the petty errors which sometimes
afflict the wisest of this our wisdom teem
ing age ; bnt as small errors constitute ■
I great ones, and great ones have peopled that
! country lying beyond the Styx, it behooves us i
' to exert ourselves to the utmost for their cor- 1
. rection, whether they be great or small. May I
I I not hope, then, that I may bo pardoned for
I my efforts in the cause?
I Error is tho offspring of dissatisfaction, and
contentment is its greatest foe. Were men but
| willing to walk in those paths with which they
i are familiar, were they but contented to occupy
the position for which by nature they are fitted,
we would see less folly and more wisdom—less
vice and more virtue—less affliction and more '
' happiness. Let us take examples from a few '
of the walks of life. Behold the merchant, a
I man of intellect so infinitessimal that the most
. . searching “mind's eye,” with the assistance of I
, | Ross's (not Jim) telescope wouldbeutterly inca
• j pable of perceiving aught emenating therefrom,
save the weeds of sterility. He, so long as he
1 revolves within his allotted circle, glides
. I smoothly along; but he hears that Smith next’
door has made a fortunate investment, and is
, 1 about to remove from his herring-scented shop
.:to n newly acquired “sand stone front.” Di«-
,• 1 satisfaction seizes him and he wonders why he
e ' has trammelled his great financiering genius
r for so long a time—thinks it at least equal to
. that of Coutts or Peabody—pictures biiiiself on
e the broad plain of the future surrounded by
i. the brightest flowers of luxury—resolves to
. risk everything and set sail in hisfrail bark np
. on the seething waters of speculation—docs so,
and discovers that be has committed an error.
0 - Let us next take a lawyer—one endowed by
kind Heaven with a moderate share of ability,
v j By a course of untiring application he gains a
t . i little distinction in his profession—i* perhaps
,f | complimented on a speech which has taken
r ' him months to prepare —happens to attend a
i ■ "one horse” political meeting—some fool calls
hj on li'm for an address —he responds and is ap
lh plauded ae a matter nf eovree — believes liitn-
i self in that road the end of which (sometimes)
,f I is the Presidential chair—neglects his business
I and employs his time in prating about. “ Con-
I stitutionality” and “Squatter Sovereignty”—
e is by accident sent to the Legislature—there,
t ] I knowing no more about legislation than a Turk
about Lent, casts his vote against the interest
. of his friends, (?) and, on his return homo, i»
“cussed” by bis constituency and consigned to
oblivion and poverty. Finds out that some
bod'- was in error. Let us now take a class—
those who having read the works of a few of
tho minor poets, or glanced over some lady’s
Album, forthwith imagine themselves in pos
session of that power which is “ex-Deo, non
fortuna and thereupon waste time and sta
ll ion ery in abortive attempts at “Poetry.”—
; who having written and had published some
i silly article, flatters themselves with the idea
| that they arc capable of performing the du
ties of Editor — duties the most arduous ami
which require the most general, thorough and
extensive information. Who by some means
or other, obtain the much coveted position,
and who, after a short time, find themselves
inadequate to the proper performance of those
duties, yet, blinded by a foolish conceit, per
sist in proclaiming their own ignorance to the
world. Methinks I see one of this class before
mo now—a man of little natural, and less arti
ficial. ability—whose misanthropic notionsand
feelings make him daily violate that command
of God—"love thy neighbor as thyself!”—
Who plagioriatically alludes to tho moon as
•‘the silvery queen of night;” who bitterly
mourn the prosperity of his friends, rejoices
over the misfortunes of his self-created ene
mies, and " aboye a toute be monde." Methinks
I see him fruitlessly worrying bis brain (!) for
an idea, and, in despair, swearing in a manner
which would have entitled him to a General
ship in the celebrated army of Flanders. Now
let us suppose that he who has never taken a
longer trip from homo than to the adjoining
county, and that because chased by the Sheriff,
is called by business to some place on the con-
, tines ot the State—we will say Savannah. He
- returns, and in the first issue of his paper,
. thereafter, we find a long article under the head
. “ Editorial," flamingly entitled “ Motes of Trat
: el,” ami from which we learn that the writer
i cannot tell a Church from a Theatre, a Light
i house from a Fort, a dredging-machine from a
steamship, nor the Pulaski Monument from a
f hay-stack, lie seems happiest when he makes
the greatest displays of his folly, and mistaken
ly glories in heralding his own shame. “Ila
1 srnie desjteurssur vn terrain aride," and from
thence bo will gather a plentiful harvest of
| thorns aud brambles.
Now would it not bo far preferable for men
I to weigh well the talents which the God of na
ture has given them, and select their avocations
accordingly, instead of running blindfold into
I business, for which they are as little suited as
Pluto foe the celestial throne. In our country,
! above all others, where the road to fame is
1 open to every one, i« this love of laurels be
yond our reach nursed with the greatest care,
and hence spring the many of disappointments
which u ill eventually flood this “land of plen
; ty” w ith paupers aud mendicants, and give
birth to discord and strife. I know full well ,
that "dulce est daipere in loco." but we should
be careful lest we find those proper places too '
often and so habituate ourselves to playing it
that wiwcan with difficulty do aught else.
CHANDLER.
[roa THE STATE I’ftEss.]
Mr. Editor: Your correspondent, “G. Q. !
! C.." of last week, is mistaken in regard to the 1
removal of Rutger's Female Institute from I
New York City to Buffalo. That Institute
iis still located in Madison St., New York; num- I
bering nearly six hundred pupils, and ranked I
as the highest institution of its kind in the .
country. A few years since Mr. West, then a
principal in the Institute, removed to Buffalo, I
i and opened a school on his own account. — i
! Hence, probably, vonr correspondent's error.
E. C. B.
Reiterated. —The New Orleans Delta reit
! erates the statement, published* some days
1 since in its columns, that African slaves had
. b*en lately imported into Mississippi.
gtttl! fli !«4.
MACON, GA.
Thursday. April 15. 1858.
DR. THOS K LAMAR.
This well-known citizen of Macon—a distin
guished and learned physician, and a gentle
man, like Bayard, eann peur et tone rejrmche—
departed this life last Tuesday morning after
an illness of a most painful and protracted
character. In this community he needs no eu
logium : yet the life of such a man is a pleas
ant and profitable contemplation. Learned
without pedantry, benevolent without ostenta
tion, just without austerity, pious without pa
rade, what duty has he left unfulfilled—what
enemy ha> he left behind—how many friends
remain to mourn his loss ? Those who know
him will sustain us in the declaration that as
applied to him, the language of panegyric can
hardly out-run the truth. But his modesty I
was equal to his merit, and so studiously did ,
he shrink from the glare of notoriety that only
a few are capable of forming a just estimate .
of his character. Truly a good man has fallen I
in our midst.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
We have received numerous communications ;
which we decline to insert because the writers
have failed to give their names.
Our Talbotton correspondent is respectfully
informed that we differ from him in tnto about
his notions on matrimony ; and as he has de
nied us the pleasure of his acquaintance, wc
are compelled to retalliato by denying him the
gratification of seeing himself in print. Our
fair contributor, who signs herself “Ion?,”
may perhaps be as beautiful as her handwrit
ing, but she must comply with our rule and
give her real name before we can publish her 1
verses.
Contributors generally are requested to make
their articles as short as possible. The pres
sure of advertisements, news items, <fcc„ leaves
us but little room tor original or contributed
matter.
FOR MERCHANTS.
Tho attention of the merchants of our city
1 is directed to the communication, in another
' column, from a planter of Twiggs county.
Out mercantile friends will consult their inter
ests by applying tlig proper remedy to the evil
of w hich our correspondent complains. We
are not much given (to our shame be it said)
to the habit of early rising ; but we have fre
quently been up long after gnnrise and seen
Planters, with their negroes and wagons, wait
for hours before the Merchants were ready to
; deliver their goods. This ought not to be.
A SPIRITUAL MANIFESTATION
Yesterday as the Editor sat in his Sanctum.
■ fatigued with a late journey nnd cumbered
with many cares, in came our townsman. Mr.
Javgbtetter, with a beaming smile, bearing in
his hand something covered with a snow-white
napkin, upon removing which there appeared
a briming goblet, filled with icy fragments
clear as er’»t:il. floating in the midst of epirile.
: crowned with the rich. red. ripe ami hisc ous
i berry bi short it wan a glorious “Strawber
ry Punch” nectar for the god*! Earnestly
did we gaze upon the tempting beverage, but
, ere we had time to touch or taste, a consider
, ate f'ri< nd, iu < rder o remove temptation
| from th> path of the sinner, drained the glass
of its contents, pronouncing it excecdinglv
good. And we have no doubt it irax good.
Mr. -lavostetter. we understand, has raised
the first strawberries of the season, which can
he found by bis customers at his Saloon on
Mulberry Street.
STILL THEY COME.
Last Tuesday was a bleak, damp nnd disa
! greeable day—the very day to make a poor
devil of an editor feel miserable. Be felt so,
and the blue devils were just about to con
quer us, when a very polite servant brought in
a mysteriously covered basket with the com
pliments of Mr. Wagnon.
We raised the veil and discovered charms
that put our mind at rest and made the heart
grow warm: - four luscious strawberry mint
juleps, with icicles formed on the side of the
glasses, flanked with a dozen excellent Ilavan
nas and a splendid tea-rose, regaled our sight.
Now if tho sight of such things could have
such an effect, what might you expect from
the taste of them?
A friend who was suffering from a severe
headache, avers that a sip of it gave him instant
relief, and that a siesta from one of the Ha
vanas afterward* eft’ected a permanent cure.
As some of our acquaintances are apt to suffer
from this troublesome complaint during the
summer, we would advise them to go and let
Waunox administer to them, and if he can’t
- cure them Jim can. It wasn’t too much —let
somebody do it again. We will hang out onr
I bunting on the State Preet building for the
third time.
NARROW ESCAPE
Wo learn that shortly after the heavy rains
of the first of the month, Mr. A. B. Moran, of
Crawford county, ascended his mill pond in a
boat with three negro men for the purpose of
attending to some business connected with the
mill. When returning the waters had risen
rapidly and overflowed the dam, which render
ed the current so swift that it was impossible
to manage the boat. They saw that they
wbuld inevitably be borne over tho dam and
dashed against the rocks below, if there was |
no means of escape ; so they jumped overboard
and clung to the branches of a tree in the pond.
The limbs all broke and the negroes were swept \
violently amongst the rocks. One was drown
ed after having his skull fractured and an arm
broken; another, after being badly bruised,
swam to a tree where he remained until he
was rescued, and the third managed to reach
the shore.
The limb that Mr. Moran had bold of broke
half in two, but sustained him until assistance
arrived.
A JUST MEMORIAL
It is gratifying to notice that the Council of
Macon, at its last meeting, passed a resolution
to contribute $250 to tUe sum of S6OO appropri
ated by the last Legislature for the purpose of
erecting a suitable inoniiment to the memory
of Capt. Isaac Holmes who lead a company
of volunteers from this city to Mexico during
tho late war. and lost his life in tho service of
his country.
We are requested to call attention to
tho "Great Gift Book Salo," as advertised by |
Mr Amos Rbnton in to-day’s paper
MACON COTTON MARKEI
There have bceu no transactions in cotton
since the arrival of tho “City of Washington.”
The market is very unsettled, nnd no accurate
quotations can be given.
J-f?" The Journal <£• Meteenger of yesterday
contains the highly important information that
“after the first day of May next it will not be
safe for dogs to run at large in this City with
out badges."
OUR. THANKS
Are tendered to Hou. Rob't P. Tkipi’E fur
Congressional documents. Also to Messrs.
Iverson, Crawford, and others, for similar .
favors.
SPIRIT OF THE PRESS
Christian Indtr ill-natured— Journal <f Mrs
»enger treasonable— Telegraph nondescript.
CITY COUNCIL.
At the meeting of City Council on the night
of the Bth inst, the following resolution was I
adopted:
Retohed, That the Mayor, or such person ns
he may designate in writing, be instructed to
i cast the vote to which the city is entitled as a
■ Stockholder in the Macon (las Light Conipa
-1 ny, at the annual meeting of that Company, to
' be held on the 2d Monday in this present month,
j for a Board of Directors, to consist of the fol
lowing gentlemen : O. G. Sparks, A. 11. Free
man. .las. A. Nesbit, Joseph M- Boardman and
J. B. Ayres.
- -
FIREMEN'S HONORS
To-day there will be exciting times among
our firemen, as they are to parade and contend
for three handsome silver plated trumpets. A
fourth trumpet will be presented to Hook &
Ladder Co., No. 1. There will be a full turn
out and some hard pumping, as each company
seems determined to strain every nerve for the
victory.
In Houston county, last Thursday, an
i attempt was made to murder Mrs. Bryant, the
| wife of Maj. Belviii's overseer. An old negro
! woman, of bad character, and a young negro
girl, were committed to the jail in Perry to
stand trial for the offence before the Superior
Court next week.
I
The Georoi.v Baptist Convention will
meet at Americus on Friday the 23rd inst.
J-J?” The “United Synod of the Pkesbyte
' rian Church” commenced its session at Knox
ville, Tennessee, on the Ist of this mouth.
It will be seen from the advertisement
that Prof. Fowi.br, the Phrenologist, com
mences his lectures in this city next Monday
night.
J i?” Mr. R. P. McEvoy, who has just re
moved his Crockery Store to the new “Gran
ite building,” has bad the kindness to present
ns with a Patent Fluid Lamp that he has lately
introduced. As our neighbor of the Telegraph
has already published a “ leader” on the sub
ject, it is unnecessary for us to say anything
fort’ er than that it is an ingenious contrivance
nnd that it fully comes np to its recommenda
tion of being a cheaper and more convenient
lamp than any other now in use.
IrT?" Judge Henry Faulk informs us that a
disease, on the order of cholera, has, within
the last tow months, made its appearance
among the hogs of I wiggs and the neighboring
comities, by which many planters have lost
more than half of their stock. We are glad to
add, howe'er, that the disease is now abat
ing.
SOUTHERN CONVENTION.
We copy below a notice from Ife [Joic'e
Preet. In our next issue, we " ill publish the
Address of the Convention Committee, hr
lloir says :
Again we call attention to the approach
ing convention at Montgomery, Alabama.—
The appointed time is the second Monday, the
10th day of May.
Let the friends of the South be active, and
see that influential and practical mon are sent
from all the villages, towns, cities, and coun
ties.
Already we notice that movements arc be
ing made in many quarters which bespeak a
large attendance. Our exchanges will please
extend this notice.
The following named gentlemen were
on Monday admitted to practice law intheCir
cuit Court of the United States for the District
ot Georgia:
Robert A. Smith, Esq., of Macon; Richard
F. Lyon, Esq., of Albany; L. P. I). Warren,
Esq., of Albany; Powhattan B. Whittle,Esq., of
Troujuille-— Sarannah Republican.
INDIA.
Sir Colin Campbell has long been just on the
point of going to inarch from Cawnpore upon
Lucknow. When the last mail left, hehad not
yet inarched. He was still waiting for artil
lery trains which were to come to him from
Agra ; but the tiresome trains had notarrived.
The army of Gude also was not idle; and. it
is to be hoped, is in a position to give him a
handsome reception. The most interesting
item wo have b> the Hannoniu, is this—
A letter from Allahabad, 11th, says:
"The whole force is to bo in motion to-mor
row. They have been crossing the river at
' Cawnpore for tho last lew days, and talk of
the attack beginning on the 20th.
"Sir Colin Campbell has had an interview
hero with tho Governor-General concerning
Oude affairs. There is a report here that a
relative of the old King hail proclaimed him
self King of India, and given orders to the in
surgents not to light us, but to disperse in
bands of forty or tilty, and scour the roads aud
kill the English. 1 think this is the worst
news we have hud yet.”
They are perverse "rebels" —after Sir Colin
Campbell has gone to the trouble of gather
ing so powerful a force, to dispose ot them at
a blow, —it seems they will not present them
selves ill solid column, to be blown away by bis
heavy guns. The thought and labor of Brit
ish philanthropists is almost thrown away up
on so senseless u people ’.
The war is not over in Central India, aud is
by no means confined to Gude. We continu
ally hear of Gwalior “rebels,” and Bareilly
"rebels,’’ and Calpee “rebels” getting cut up,
routed, annihilated by the British troops; and
they uniformly lose all their guns; yet Sir Co
lin cannot stir from Cawnpore for want of
gun».
Next week we shall almost certainly hear
news of fighting in Gude; but whether it will
be of the precise kind that Sir Colin has been
preparing tor, is another matter. — Southern
Citieen.
Parties in the House of Commons.—Ac
cording to the Parliamentary Companion, the
British House of Commons consists of six hun
dred and fifty-four members, of whom three
hundred and sixty-one are Liberals, three hun
dred and twenty Conservatives, and fifty-nine
Liberal Conservatives and Peelites. leavingfour
teen unclassed, vacancies," &c. With a house
so" constituted, remarks the London correspon
dent of the National IntelMgeneer, it is quite
evident that Lord Derby cannot expect to car
ry any high Conservative measures.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
BY TELEGRAPH.
ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA
A Decline iu Cotton-Markets unsteady.
Halifax, April p. ,
The Cunard steamship America, which left
Liverpool on the 27th March arrived at this
port this morning. She brings three days lat- !
er news than the Indian.
Commercial.
The cotton sales of the week were 6!5.000 ;
bales, of which speculators took 4,500, mid ex- I
porters 9.500. The market opened at 1 -Bd. a '
l-4d. advanced, but at tho end of the week, i
closed with l-Bd. decline on Middling, and
l-4d. (one farthing) on the lower qualities on
I tho Persia's nites.
The America reports that the Wheat market
■ closed advancing, but prices irregular. West-
I ern wheat at 2(i«. a 265. Cd. : Com steady at
| 335. (id. a 345.; Rice quiet, Carolina 235. 9d.;
i Rosin steady nt 4s. 2d. a 4s. 4<l. for common to
|5 and 12s. for medium; Turpentine dull, at
| 41s. 6d. a 42.
The British exports- for February had de- 1
i creased over two million pounds sterling, (1’2,-
| 000,000) on the year.
News in General.
The matters in the British Parliament are
unimportant. The Government introduced its
India Bill. The main features of it are fike
those .of Lord Palmerston’s but in the details it
is different.
Gen. pellisier's appointment a* Ambassador
at St. Janies is generally satisfactory.
A telegram from Loudon says, the govern
ment has introduced a project tor abolishing
slavery in the Spanish territories. Several
changes were to take place in the English di
plomatic service. Mr. Crampton formerly at
Washington, is to be sent to the Courts of St.
’ Petersburg, as English Embassador.
The Bullion in the Bank of England had in
-1 creased £772,000 sterling. Money unchanged
and abundant.
Sir Colin Campbell had crossed the Ganges
' with twenty regiments, and one hundred and
. forty guns and mortars, and expected to make
1 an attack on tho natives on the 27th Feb-
' ruary.
A Russian Jcamp of one hundred thousand
1 ' men had been formed in Poland. It is cuiisid-
• cred a manifestation against Austria.
, The Montenegrins have again been commit
, i ting sanguinary outrages in Austrian territory.
. and much destruction of property.
J
I New York. April 13.—The steamship City
| of Washington. Capt. Petrie, lias arrived with
Liverpool dates to the Ist ult.. being four davs
1 later.
Sales of cotton for three days 21.000 bales.
! of which speculators took 4,000 and exporters
. ! 5,000. Holders were pressing sales, and prices
' had declined from an eighth to a quarter of a
i penny, and were irregular.
Manchester advices were unfavorable—prices
1 declining. Breadstuff's dull. Consols 97 1-8
t I tor money—97 1-4 for accounts.
• i General foreign news unimportant.
From Mexico.
New Orleans, April 10.—By a recent arri- ;
val from Vera Cruz, it is announced that Gen. ,
(Isollos triumphs so far in Mexico. It was ru-I
■ mored he would be called to the Presidency.
; Gen. Osollos was formerly general in command
; of the forces of Zuloaga.
Gen. Oscolla has overthrown the Inarez
government, Inarez and his whole cabinet
have been captured, but will be allowed to leave
the country. Oscolla was. at last accounts,
marching upon the city of Mexico.
Tampico was besieged by Gania.
From Venezuela.
Baltimore. April 9.—A vessel has arrived
; at this port from Lagoagra. which brings the
. intelligence that Jose Todeo Monagas, the
President of the Republic of Venezuela, lias
. resigned his office.
A provreiomil governineid has been organ
ized, and (leu. Cgsto mis been placed at its
1 head.
Congressional.
Washington. April 7.—The Semite to-day
passed the Minnesota bill by a vote of 4x to 43.
In the House they <lis.-ns-ed the deficiency
: bill, ’flic Kansas bill will be taken up to-mor
row. The passage of the deficiency bill was
doubtful. Mr. Fitcli of Indiana and Mr. Doug
las ha<l a mi-understanding in the Senate on
Tue-day. The northern papers report errone
. ously that Senator Iverson was engaged in the
, trouble.
—
April B.—ln the Senate to-day Mr. Slidell
delivered a long speech on the resolution to
present a medal to Commodore Paulding. lie
condemned the course of Walker, and also that
i of Paulding, but spoke in terms of the ability
of Henningsen. In reference to Cuba, he said
that the Island, although anxious for annexa
tion. was unwilling to risk a civil war to ac
complish it; nothing, therefore, could he done
at present but to negotiate. But if Spain at
tempted despotism, with Santa Anna nt its
head, on Mexico, the United States should in
terfere to prevent it.
The House Deficiency bill was rejected by
eight majority. It will probably be reconsider
ed to-morrow.
The House adhered to its amendment to the
Kansas bill by its former majority.
A man named Besancan, formerly of New-
Orleans, attempted to shoot the Secretary of
the Interior to-day. Tho Secretary grappled
w ith and threw him on the floor, dislocating
. Bessnean’s shoulder. It is thought he was
temporarily insane.
April 9.—Despatches have been received
from St. Joseph’s which say that Brigliinn
| Young has formally notified Col. Johnson not
to leave on 10th of March. If he attempted
such that bis isiniinand would be annihilated.
April 10.—The Hon. Thomas IL Benton died
at his residence in tins city, at 7 1-2 o’clock
this morning. The funeral and burial will take
place on Monday the- 12th iiist.
April 12.—Tho proceedings of emigres’ are
nnimportant. both Houses having adjourned to
attend the funeral of ex-Senator Benton. His
remains were sent West at 3 p. m„ in cluugo of
his two sons-in-law.
Soon after the House adjourned to-day. a
man named IV. R. Hesper, formerly of North
Carolina, made an attack upon Mr. Cralge of
that State on the floor. The former got worst
ed in the tight, and was subsequently hound
over io keep the peace.
The Union of Sunday morning classed those
Southern members w ho voted against the De
tiidehcy bill with the free-.’oilers. It is under
stood that several of the former have addressed
the INesident a letter requesting the dismissal
of the author of the article, if in his power to
grant their request.
April 13,-Tn the Senate a committee of three
consisting of Green, of Mo., Hunter, of \ a.,
and Seward, of N. Y..—was .appointed to con
fer with a similar committee from the House
in reference to the Kansas bill. I tab and the
telegraph bills postponed until December.
In the House the Washington police bill was
debated. The Kansas question will be taken
up to-morrow.
The Utah Expedition.—lt has been ’fated
in the newspapers that Gen. Harney had re
ceived orders to repair to Utah to take com
mand of the army of that military department.
The fact is that Gen. Persifer Smith has be>n
ordered to Utah as well as Gen. Harney, and
that the chief command will devolveupon Gc».
Smith. General S. is one of the most Bccoia
pli-hed and popular officers in the service—a
soldier by choice and education, of thorough
and matured study in military science, of great
experience as an officer, anti endowed withal
by a high and acknowledged military genius.—
Union.
FiLttßusTEmsM.—We are informed that up
on the representation of the Mexican Minister
that parties at the South are engaged in organ
izing unlawful expeditions for the invasion of
the Northern portion of the Republic of Mexi
co—the movement being directed against the
Sierra Madre country—the President has
promptly caused instructions to be issued to
prevent such expeditions from being organized
or fitted out within the limits of the United
States.— National Jntelligenecr.
Goon Signs.—Wc have already mentioned
that the Washington Star announced the con
version of Horace Greely. The same paper
says tluu James Gordon Bennett, of the New
York llertdd is a constant attendant ut the
Chambers street pray er meetings. With Gree
ly and Bennett converted there is some hope
yet for the press of New York.
The Coming Si mmbb.—lt is said that the
Earl of Rosse, one of the first astrouuuier* in
Europe, has told a gentleman in England that
he anticipates one of the most intensely hot
summers this year that lias over been known,
and lie advises farmers to build sheds for their
cattle, byway of protection against the ex
treme heat.
California for I.ecomrtox.—The Legisla
ture of California, by a decided vote, has re
quested the delegates, and instructed the Sen
ators in Congres*. from that State, to vote for
the immediate admission of Kansas, under the
Lecompton Constitution, as recommended by
the I’lesidcnt in his special message.
DEATH OF HON. JOEL CRAWFORD
We learn from a gentleman of Columbus,
who passed through our city, yesterday, that
I this distinguished citizen of our State died at
his plantation in Early county, a few days
I ft ß°-
Major Crawford w as born in this county, on
the 17ith of June. 1783 —received his education
nt a classical school kept by tho eccentric Dr.
Bush, or Bushnell, in Colm.nbia comity—pur
sued his legal studies in the office of the Hon.
Nicholas Ware, of this city—removed after his
admission to the bar, to Slilledgevillo,’ whore,
tin-a few years, be was engaged in an exten
sive practice—served with distinction as an aid
to General Floyd throughout the campaign of
1813 upon the frontier of Alabama—was elect
ed a tew years afterwards to Congress, then
to the State Semite, from the county of Han
cock, to which he liad removed in 1826—in
1828, and again 1831 was a candidate for the
office of Governor, and in bis long and useful
, life was employed in many important trusts,
and honored with many evidences of the con
' tidence and respect of the people of Georgia.— .
He has departed to that bourne from whence no
• traveler returns, full of years and honors, and
I by his death one of the few remaining links
has been severed which connect us with the
men w hoso services in tho camp and in the
! council illustrated the early history of our
State.— Aug. Cgnetltutionaliet.
LOUISIAN A RESOLUTIONS.
A Move in the Right Direction.
, The following is the conclusion of the Re
port of the Committee on Federal Relations
lin the Semite of Louisiana. We commend it
, to the caretui rending of all who are interest
|ed in the South and her institutions. Concert
i of actioji is the great thing needed among the
i Southern States:
Tin- nltimatmn of the South is, then, before
the American people : E'jU.Jity within the T
nion or Independence without it. The issue
cannot be avoided; and by this determination
the whole united South will firmly stand.
Around thi- standard every true Southern
heart will rally. If. then, the just and reason
able measures which have been presented to
re-tore to the Smith her right- and equality,,
and to insure the continuance ot the I’n>ioii„
shall be denied her, then will her peofih-. as
with one accord, acquiesce in the necessity
which -hall compel them to a separation from
their unjn-t nnd unfeeling bretlmn of tho
North, and look to God for the consequences,
with the confident convictions Ebe justice
and net-e—i:.v of the act, mid an abiding faith
in hi- inereil’iil protection.
Beyond this eventful drama, shuuld we he.
rut! !e—ly driven to it- cmietnient, we wouht
not attempt to penetrate the veil that close
from our vi-ion tin- scene la-hind it. Biitfrom
the hope that is within us, ami the fnitli which
we have in thing- imsevis, wc be permit,
ted to predict that, when than curtain sliali
be rai-ed. if raised it insist be, n far brighter fu
ture will pre- nt itself, opening to. our view, in
ail its varied sceni-s, rhe progresaive grandeur
and brilliant destiny of the greatest power and
and happiest people on earth.
But. faithful unto the cud. we would still ex
ert onr sinking powers nnd feeble’ energies in
behalf of this Union, and again appeal to hen
whole people to re-establish the South in her
equality and rights—that only position in which
she can remain in the Union; therefore,
A’tso/ivd. As the sense of the Senate of
I.oui-iana, that the Clayton-Buiwer Treaty
should be forthwith abrogated; and that the
Neutrality Laws of 1818. from their unjust and
oppressive operation- upon our citizens, and
their unequal and unconstitutional bearing up
on the rights ami interest.' of the Southern
States, should be at once repealed.
He it further rewired, That the critical con
dition of the Southern States of this Union,
and the dangers which are surrounding and
closing upon them on all sides, threateningtheir
future welfare and safety, earnestly demand
their immediate, milted and concurrent action,
iu convention, or insome other effective mode,
to devise means by whivn these dangers shall
be avoided, and tbslr future security establish
ed heywid hazard.
Rewired further. That the Governor be re
quested to forward a copy of this Report
and Resolutions to each of the Governors
of the slaveholding States, to be laid before
their re-peetive Legislatures; and if a majori
ty of said States shall concur in the necessity
of uniting in convention, from the foregoing
reason-, then the Governor of this State is
hereby authorized to appoint three delegates
from each Congressional district, to meet the
States so concurring, at such time and place «s
may hereafter be designated.
ATLANTIC AND GULF RAILROAD
The Bainbridge Argus of the 31st ult,, haa
the following intelligence of the progress us
this great work :
The first thirty miles of the A. G. Rail
road West of the initial point, at the junction
of Wayne, Ware, and Appling connties, are
now- under contract inexperienced contractors,
who are working a force of 300 hand’, and
will complete their portion of the road by the
first of January next. The corp-of engineers
are in the field and actively employed. They
have rnn one line from the Satilla river, in
Fierce county, to Thomasville, via Trounville,
making the distance from Savannah to Thom
asville via S. A. & G. Railroad, 198 intles,—
They are now engaged tracing a “northern
line” back to the Satilla. When this is com
pleted we are informed, they will imnaeiliately
commence the location of the road,
Mr. Herriot thinks it will be about six weeks
before they commence tracing flie line between
Thomasville and this place.
TO THE TAX PAYERS OF' GEORGIA.
I have been asked it’, under the present tax
act. ne person can swear for and give in the
property, <kc„ of another, My reply is. that
as the law n. s w stamps, Ido not iLiuk that any
one can legally s« eu; for another unless he was
boiui.jide, ami in fact an ,-q*wrt op the Ist of
April, or unless he is in f:u’t agttrt, or con
trols the property at the time of giving it in,—
That is to say, 1 do not think that the law al
lows persons to give in by proxy. A tax pay
er, however, can go before some proper Demon
authori-ed to administer an oath, and be cmi
there make out his schedule and take the tax
oath, and when he does this and rends yon
the scliednle and oath together, yon can ent«r
the same just as if he gave in to you in person.
But don’t think the law authorises any otli«J
mode of giving in. by proxy.
PETTERSON JIIWEATT,
Comptroller
