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SUB sCRIPTION: r ,r Weekly piper, Two Dollars per annum in ad ,1,1, r . X Dollars al the end of the year. ADVERTISING: Ono Dollar er »qn re forth. first insertion, and I ,f, (■, nts fol each subsequent insertion. WEEKLY It VI ES. . LO CO ® ® • 5 2 B 5 S “ No. of g o c o c 5 g S a g. o O I r» 9*, Q, C- EX. 3 fears. ■ . « » ?! 2 ~ 5 0)i H 00,11 00,20 00 25 00 80 00 ■ 5041 00 14 50125 00|»5 00| 40 00 " lu 00.15 <>O;J« 00j30 00140 00] 50 00 ■l2 00 17 00 20 00 40 00 50 001 60 00 'ls 00,-> 00'25 00'50 0-I |>O 00: 70 00 17 00125 00 30 00,60 00 70 001 80 00 20 00,30 O', 10 OOJO 00.30 00| 00 00 ’ •>f> on 40 00,30 00,80 00|90 00 106 From the Bouton I’ost. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. This is the subject which, according to Sen at) Douglas, threatens the integrity of the D ..crntic party. To this opinion I do not ribe ; for I believe, with Jefferson, that t masses have no motive for going wrong, ;i i. I if they make a mistake they will rectify it. fntth may lie made so clear that it can be s th, and seen alike by those who wish to know it. Mr. Douglas and those who oppose him shall be, to my mind, in this investigation, Algebraic quantities. [’..pillar Sovereignty, ns>"tv}Jefined by -Mr. Douglas, means the rigj4W«< erril '' rinl Mature to exclude : darehMers and slavery from the Territories of the United States. This is the 1 oint of dispute at the present time, and to cover this position he uses the catch words “ Popular Sovereignty.” Whatever of public favors can be gathered from this cry he at tempts to throw around his position. «ow the true popular sovereignty that has led favoi with the people has no such limi tation as this. The original meaning, and the true and fair meaning is. that the people of a Territory have a right to establish their own permanent institutions, when they become States, without any shaping or previous mould ing by the National Government. The great feature of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the one that gave it character, the one that brought upon it the concentrated wrath of the serried Opposition, was the repeal of the Missouri 7?r strietion. In that restriction Congress bad dyked out the slaveholders, its removal open ed the gates of the Territories to all the States alike. It was for this repeal of .a formative restric tion upon the Territories that a shower of dart" rattled upon Democratic shields during a debate that continued for months in the Sen ate and in the House, and which has seldom been surpassed in the fierceness of the attack and the boldness of the defence. Popular sov ereignty, the right of the people to form their own institutions, was the Malakoff of defence against nil the nssanlts of the enemy. But it was not a partial, nor a sectional nor a temporary popular sovereignty that was in- , tended, but the rights of all the citizens of all | the States to go into the Territories and take possession of these lands, and when they frame flu ir permanent institutions to do it in their own way. Mr. Douglas claims for a Territorial Gov ernment a sovereignty which by no means I e longs to it. In the first place justice is against the theo ry of Mr. Douglas. Virginia in 1787 generously ceded to the United States an empire out of whifh five flourishing free States have been formed. It was a princely donation, magnanimously given. In 1803 we obtained by purchase from France Louisiana, paid for out of the common treasu ry of the nation. This Territory was acquir ed by the foresight and zeal of Southern statesmen, and was opposed by many leading statesmen from the free States. Slavery had possession of it, could go all over it as fast as slaves could be multiplied or imported. Noth ing, so far, gives the North any preeminence in the Territories. Texas was annexed by Southern men, under a terrific fire of denunci ation from the North. New Mexico and California were added to the Union, not by Northern argument, elo quence or votes, but by Southern. Now for all this the South have claimed no preemption in the Territories—they only claim their equal right to settle and keep possession under the broad shield of the Union, until the New Lo cal sovereignty comes in and takes possession —that is a State with a State constitution. — Who can say that tho claim of the South is not fair—just, and no more than just ? Who being one of them would not insist upon this right ? But Mr. Douglas replies, the Kansas Nebras ka bill raises up a power which may exclude them, viz: The Territorial Government. Now there is nothing in the act itself which gives this power and Mr. Douglas is compelled to resort to inference for the foundation of his whole theory. The whole drift, tb- animus of the article in Harper is that a " -itorial government is endowed with the antes ot a State—that it is a sovereignty, a there fore, may do what a State can do, abolish or protect slavery as it pleases. That I do not misunderstand, nor misrepre sent the article in question, is evident from the interpretation given to it by the Chicago Times, a paper most friendly to, if not the or gan of Mr. Douglas. “'From the first word to the very close of the arli -1 ■ in Harper, the argument is directed 1 » prove a ■ I-: >t point, viz: That the p "pie of a Territory, m the in .meat that n Territorial government has " ':n established. kave. like the pe .pie of a State, the free, lull and narestrtated authority to regulate all ■ I lestions ot a local or domestic nature: that slavery i-"tie of those 1 teal ami dour .-lie questions, and that : ■ people of Kansas or any ether Territory, have lite -ante exclusive authe-rity ari< control over that subject within their Territorial limits that South ‘ aroliua or any other State within her limits.” AVe shall see in the course of this discussion, t. Mr. Douglas claims for a Territorial gov ernment all the rights that Pennsylvania or ary other State possesses. Now it on this one point the analogy fails, his whole structure falls to the ground. Mr. I 1 'lights, in the introduction to the Kansas act. t ok especial pains to assure the Semite and t country that it was framed upon the prin j les of the compromise acts of 18511. Prin ks were there asserted, said Mr. Douglas, w Lich were to govern in all future cases. One ' t the provisions of the Utah and New Mexico ■ritorial act. was. that they should be ad -1 sited with or without slavery in their consti ‘ u on. That is, when they became States, t 11 the ipiestion of slavery was to be defin 'lulled. "When admitted as a State, the ■ I Territory, or any portion of the same, ill be received into the Union with or with- ■ t ‘lavery, as their constitution may prescribe the time of its adoption." It this was the ' > Ltl of the Kansas oct. then slavery was to • it el at that time ami not before. Again, it was distinctly proposed once in the Senate, ami twi e In the House of ileprosontatives, to t<> this Territorial legislature power over ■pi- -tiiHi of slavery, and the propneitiuti *’«» twice rejected. Mr. Uiiase, of Ohio, proposed as an araeniL ut to the UH of Mr. Douglas that, M Under --.-I , w I - - - - - . . ww « dftillf f '• PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING. VOLUME 11. which [the constitution] the people of the Ter ritory through their appropriate representa tives. in-iy, if they see fit. prohibit the ex - ter.ee of slavery therein.” 11 ]• clod. ays e 10, nat» ">6. Mr. Douglas voting in Me •ua/a --t . When the Kansas bill was under discussion I in the House, Mr. Mace, of Indiana, offered the toilowing amendment:—“ And the Legis . lature of said Territory is hereby clothed with , ! lull power at any session thereof toestablish or . I prohibit slavery.” Ayes 76, noes 94. Here, then, it is prftved by two infallible witnesses that Congress did not intend to give tothis Territorial Legislature the power over . slavery, either to prohibit or to establish.— , Hut - ay- Mr. Doimias, cite recognition of their , capacity for self-government is an admission I of their sovereignty, and. of course, of their s right to act on the subject of slavery. Now let us sec what sovereignty there is in a Territorial Legislature. The Governor, who vetoes or approves of ! the laws, is a dependent on the President—ap pointed by him, removed by him. and paid by the Treasury of tho United States. He docs not come tr< tn tho people, is not dependent upon them for pay nor office. No sovereign ty in this, neither popular nor ministerial; yet he is a part ot the Legistatnre—gives certifi cates to every member of the first Legislature; has command of the army of the Territory : can enforce or refuse to enforce any law, r.nd popular sovereignty cannot touch him. Then the Attorney of the Territory is appointed and I paid by the I nited States government. The Judges, who determine the constitutionality of the laws, are all appointed and hold their offices at the will of the President. And be yond this, the members of the Legislature are paid three dollars a day and traveling expenses | by the United States, for forty days, and for forty days only. This Legislature is limited in the time of its session, and can only legis late for forty days, unless on special call by the Governor. This is not sovereignty, but sub ordination. How much sovereignty is therein a govern ment held in the executive hand, as clay in j the hand of the potter. This is not sovereign- ! : tv. but subordination. Every spring of the j whole machinery is touched by the executive hand, and in every Territorial government up to 1854, Congress reserved the right to make “null and void” any law of this Territorial soverign they might see tit to veto, and to wipe out the entire machinery if they thought best. This Congress did in tho case of Louisi ■ ana, and this Mr. Douglas proposed to do in the case of the Utah rebellion. Is it not broad farce to call such a power, dependent in every feature of it, a sovereinnty? Not even the sa cred catch word "popular” prefixed can save it from ridicule. It shows most conclusively that when a man aarps on one theme from year to year, there is one person sure to become bewildered and lost. By permission of Congress, the people of a Territory elect a Council and House of Rep resentatives to act for forty days, and pass laws that a Governor fronutlie President, may ve to; or if they get two thirds against the Gov ernor, Congress may, in the forcible language of Judge Douglas, "wipe them out of exis tence.” Having seen that, from a careful analysis of the'Kansas Bill and die Territorial Govern ment, that there is no element of sovereignty m either; also that the Senate and the House expressly refused to delegate tho power over slavery to the Territorial Legislature, let us see what light the record of this legislation throws upon the subject. What did the author, what did friends or toes understand by this bill at the time it was passed ? Did the author then claim that his bill would authorize the Territorial Legisla ture to abolish slavery ? Not one such avow al is on record from the lips of Mr. Douglas.— On the other hand, tho covert phrase giving right to legislate on all subjects, “subject only to the Constitution of the United States,” was understood to protect slavery in the Territo ries, and Mr. Douglas knew that it was so un derstood, and did not correct the error if he thought differently at the time. Let us see how the opponents of the bill un derstood it at the time. Mr. Chase, of Ohio, said in tne Senate when tho bill was there discussed— “ The provisions I have quoted abrogate the Mis souri proliihiti'ui. It (the bill) asserts no right in the Territorial Legislature to prohibit slavery. The Senator from Illinois was very careful to assert no right of legislation in a Territorial Legislature ex , cept subject to the restrictions ot the Constitution. — We know well enough what tho understanding or cLnm of Southern gentlemen is in respect to these limitations ami restrictions. They insist tint by them every Territorial Legislature is absolutely pre cluded from ail power of legislation for the prohibi ' tion of slavery. I warn gentlemen, who propose to sapport thia bill, that their votes for this provision . will lie regarded as admitting this claim.” I Hou. Thomas IL Benton declared— ' “This is the English of this smuggling process: ' abolish the compromise line and extend the Constiiu ' tion over the country; the Constitution recognizes E slavery : therefore slavery is established as soon as 1 the line is abolishe 1 and the Constitution extended : an I being put there by the Constitution it caunot be 1 -gislatcd out.” “Territorial sovereignty is a mons trosity born of timidity ami ambition."—[Thomas H. Bent tn. House Rep., April 25, 1854. r S "::itt>r Wade, of Ohio, said— “ The Territorial Legislature has, by this bill, no a jurisdiction in the matter of slavery at all. Such is Senator Butler's opinion of it, and such is tho true « u.s'rnctiou of it.” These assertions are but an index of the al ' most unanimous voice of the opponentsof this bill. I Now how d. the friends of the measure '• understand it? What said those who vot- I el tor it; The repeal of tho Missouri re ” | striction was restoring to the South free and I" equal access to all ti >e Territories. Did the south understand that it was creating or re '• cognising a new power by which they could lie ” more effectually replied ? If they claimed e the right to enter the-e lands and dwell upon '• them with their slaves, beraitse they were Ter ritories ot the United States, does not this ’ ; right continue wtiile they are Territories.— s i While the reason or a law remains the law re ” 1 main*, and while the reason for a right re *• ' mains the right itself remains. Let w> Lear " l the opinions and assertions of the friends ot 0 the bill. Listen to the Vice President, J. C. ,r , Brv’-kinridge, thru in the House: II •Wt.it then is the spirit «rs lbs sy»tetu! (Tby ; gsu< r*l g .««rumcßl.| I aaswey Uwuquißily •>( tb« ■ SaMas, 1 *"! <k« "tes te the Isrni .rws, übai on < buy te wboui do they bsloag t Tbyy ere scMttvd tr * by Uw « zmstvs slvtvs u 1 Uvasan vs sfi U»s fiutoy. t!jnv Itf.n ttj thrif-lori: . .!?•< for • ojnr l >n h.-» tiii.l vnj-.yuivht . lue citizvua o the Shtifs art tin !J . tit.. l.ll’l Wl.fl) .■ . bl"' ‘ . ■ : • ' . I L'ni< iti. Mr. Tuucey, <»i < <1.11., buu >• • tu. >of the Navy: “I'ere then in a Territory and when the Territory is organized as a State, legislate over the this domestic institution id a reserved right ot the people of the .Sfote.” Mr. Smith, of Tennessee, stands thus on the record: ‘•The Territories are the c< n tnon property of al the States and'of the people of all the States. I 1- init ilii- right ot the pe- ] le to exclude slavery when they jorin a Constitution to ask admission as a 3tate ipto the Union.” ‘•The Territorial Lcgisiahire may ex< rciseno pow .r which Congress could not havex xercised, and can do no aet which will impair the rights of the States, who are joint owner.’ of this Territory.”—Barry, of Misss., April 27, 1854. “The Constitution maintains perfect equality among all the citizens of the United States. The right of property in slaves is recognised by the Constitution. The Territories are purchased out of the common fund —the property of the whole United States, there fore. while Territory all ha’ ea right there.”—Sena tor Jones, of Tenn. “I have not yielded the principle that tho people -if the Territories, during their Territorial existence, have the right to exclude slavery.”—Senator Brown, o‘ Mississippi. “It. in the process of settlement, the people of these Territories shall be prepared to assume upon them selves the attribute of a Sovereign State, they can tuen certainly either exclude or admit slavery.”— Senator Buller, of S. C. “I believed when the Kansas bill was passed that it conferred on the inhabitants of the Territories, du ring their Territorial existence, no right to exclude or in any way to interfere with slavery.”—Senator Brown, of Mississippi. “I hold that the pioneers who go to a Territory have »hc right to settle there, and take with them any property they may choose. There is no bond of mu tual union if I may go to tho Territory of Kansas with mv property, and a Southern gentleman must at the same time be prohibited from going there with his. Southern and Northern property should be alike free to enter our Territories."—AVright of Pennsylvania. ‘ If the people of a Territory should assume upon to prohibit the introduction <>f‘the slavery institution before they had formed a St ite govern ment. su' h a proceeding would be a viol ation of the constitutional right of slaveholders. The principles of the Kansas-Nebraska law rest upon c.nd involve these considerations”—lion. Jas. Stewai t, of Mary land. “I hold that the people of the Territory have no right to legislate upon tbe subject of slavery for the p irnoffc of disturbing tbe rights whicl wc of the South have in our property until within their juris dictional limits they have u population which would entitle them to representation in Congress, and un til they are capab! • of asserting political sovereign ty—l mean by that the establishment of a Constitu tion. Before this it would be absurd to talk about the sovereignty »»f the Territories.” —Seward, of ' Georgia, House, May 10, 1854. Tho above quotations, with one exception, wpc- utforances made at the time the Kansas bill wa under discussion in the Senate and in the House—many of them were made in the hearing, and nil within the knowledge of Mr. Douglas. Now if he saw that so many were voting for his bill under a deception, why did he not frankly tell them that hi y territorial bills were goine; forth armed to drive slavery nut of tbe Territories by tbe scourge of “pop ular sovereignty.” hidden in a Territorial Government, but with one single popular ele ment in its whole construction. Apply to it any test you please, ami there are nine points of dependence to one of sovereignty. But Mr. Dougias did not so understand it himself at j the time. The balloon of popular sovereignty has been inflated since the passage of this bill. If we turn from the immediate actors in Con- , gross, at the time of the passage of the Kan sas bill, t • the opinions of eminent men North and South on this subject, wc shall find that they neither attribute to a Territorial Legisla iature “sovereignty’’ nor tho right to banish slavery. Here is a voice that ought to be authentic with Mr. Douglas—the Compromise Commit tee of thirteen in 1850. That committee was composed of the following distinguished gen- , tiemen, viz: Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Lewis Cass, D. S. Dickinson, Jesse D. Bright, SamuelS. Phelps, Jas. Cooper, Wm. R. King, S. U. Downs, W. I’. Mangum, John Bel) and John M. Berrien. Their written report con- i tains the following passage : “The true principle which ought to regulate the action of Congress in funning Territorial Govern uients for each newly acquired domain, is to refrain from all kgislativn on the subject of slavery in the Territory acquired, to long as it retains the Territo rial form of government, leaving it to the people of said Territory when they have attained to such a condition which c titles them to admission as a State, to decide for themselves the question of ulluwauce or prohibition of domestic slavery.” The report of this committee, and the acti< m which followed, was the affirmation of gre; it principles, which Mr. Douglas said in his it 1- troduction to his Kansas Bill, he had carried out: nothing more, nothing less. And yet here is Mr. Douglas giving an in terpretation to his Kansas Bill in direct con tradiction to the report of the committee of thirteen. With this report looking him in the face, with the image of the immortal thirteen before him. how could he say in his Harper article:— “Thus terminated this great struggle in the af firmance us the principle, as the basis of the compro mise measures of so far as they related to the organization of the Tcrritoriea, that the people of the Territoriee uhould decide the slavery question for thcni'o-lrex through the action of their Territorial Leq inlutHree. ,> Notone word of it This is the very thing affirmed in the compromise measures that the people could no? do, and ought not to do, till they from their Constitution to become a State. Mr. Calhoun, in 1848, said— ‘•Tbe Territory is open to all the citizen, of tho United States and it must remain open, and cannot be cloned but by tbe people of tbe Territory, wheu they came to from their own Constitution, and then they can do as they please.” Gen. Cass said— “ Sovereignty is in no proper acceptation of the word applicable to the Territories of the UnitcdStates. They are dependencies of the United .States, and pos aess no attributes ot independence.” President Polk, in his last Message, said— “Tbe people of the acquired Territories, when as : sembled in convention to form Sts e Constitutions, ‘ have the sole and exclusive poorer to determine for themselves whether slavery shall or ahull not exist within their limits." The evidence is cumulative and over whelming, that the Democratic party, through ' hosts of its chosen leaders, has placed the lime for deciding the slavery question sat the formation of a State Constitution.— W hat right lias Mr. Douglas to " inter polate” new theories into the Democrat ic creed. Why doea lie wish to take from the people the right which all concede to them. ! of L.riuiug Uieir Constitutn-u in their own way, and iranaler tliis power to a temporary Legia , laturc, moulded and governed u a gr»»» «ea •ure by th<- executive hut»d. and cut .y un der the control u? Cutigres*. Thia is &41oWiug the circle right round, tekiug it out of Cou , green, puurng it through the v< a lern- OFFICE IN RALSTON'S BUILDING, THIRD STREET.- MA.COJST, GEORGIA, OUT. 15, 1 u: • I Government, nly :<• lir :. r ■ . k * Um gr t’s :ir 11' -h - n'icn. See imw Mr Duu::.'w- retoh this circular or- I bit. Io his prefne to Neb’aska, in 1834, Mr e Douglas says—" With a tinw <rf their action to the settled policy of the Gov -v ernment, sanctioned by the approving voice of e t'rc American people, yoor committee have deemed it their duty to incorporate and per e petuate in their Territorial bill the principles nnd spirit of those measures'' (of 1850). What was one of the measures approved by ,i [ the "voice of the American people.” < Sec. 7 of the New Mexico act of 1850, reads thus— u “All the laws passed by the Legislative Assembly , and Governor shall be submitted to tbe Congress of (• the United States, and if disapproved shall bo null nnd of no effect.” r It is true this provision was struck out of * the Kansas bill, and perhaps for the obvious , reason that it was superfluous —it having been established by long usage that Congress could of course repeal its own laws and unmake a > Legislature that it made and pays. But we proceed to show how palpably Mr. Douglas contradicts himself. 5 This would be no ground of censure, if he i had renounced his former opinions, but when he promulgates two sets of opinions, and at ! j ,‘ernpts to defend them both, it shows that he i is surrounded with a mist, andwc have a right ' to choose which of the two we prefer. In his Harper article, Mr. Douglas clothes i the Tei-ritorial Legislature with the robes and I the sere.-je dignity of a Sovereign. He makes j this daughter of the wilderness in self-com placent p ’jde, exclaim—"l sit as a Queen.” — ■ i This is Lis language—“ The provisions of this zket (Nebraska) are believed to be in entire harmony with the Constitution, and under them the people of Kansas possess every right, privilege and immunity, in respect to their internal polity and domestic relations, which tbe people of Pennsylvania can exercise un der their Constitution and laws. Each is in vested with full, complete and exclusive pow ers in this respect, ‘subject only to the Con stitution of the United States.’ ” If this is so, then the Territory is above the State, for the I State IB subject to its own Constitution, as well ias the Constitution of the United States. If j this is 8", then there is one legislative body in 1 the country making laws without any standard By which-, to test them. The laws of Congress arc tested by the Constitution of the United States —tlirt laws of Ohio by its Constitution, and the la ws < f a Territory by the tcill of Con gress and Constitution of the I nited States. Heat Mr. Douglas on the other side ; see him put back the diamond of sovereignty upon the ' brow f Congress. In 1856, in his Report on , Kansas aftliirs, Mr. Douglas said —"The sove reigidy of a Territory remains in abeyance in th- United States, in trust for the people, un til they shall be admitted into the Union as a Stat . In the meantime they are permitted to enjoy and to exercise ail the rights and priv ileges of self-government in subordination to ' the Constitution of the United States, and in : obedience to the organic law passed by Con gress in pursuance of that instr-iment. These tights and privileges are all derived from the ’ Constitution, through the act of Congress.— ' “Obetlience,” “derived,” are queer words in [ connection with this overwhelming popular I sovereignty. In a letter to his friends in Philadelphia, in February, 1858, Mr. Douglas says a “Territory is not a sovereign.” In a report, made in tbe same month, from him- : self as chairman of the Committee on Terri tories, he says—“ This Committee have always | t held that a Territory is not a sovereign pow 'i er.” In his celebrated Springfield speech he j , said, in relation to Utah, then an organized ; Territory—“ln my opinion the first step should j be the absolute and unconditional repeal of ■ the organic act blotting the Territorial gocern \ ment out of existence!!'’ AV hat sovereign work this Senator makes with the Territories. Whom he will ho sets up, and whom he will he casts down. One day he wields sovereign ty, the next, annihilation. Error isalwaysdeviousandinconsistent; truth is uniform, and agrees with itse’f. The key that Judge Douglas holds will not turn in all the wards of the Territorial relations, and he makes a new one to suit the emergency. In his Wooster speech, very recently made in Ohio, he says—“l never did claim for the Ter ritorial governments the right of confiscating [ private property.” Yet he admits that slaves ' are property, and that this Territorial sove reign lias the right to emancipate them. What [is that but confiscation? "I will not hurt thee,” said tbe Quaker to the would-be robber, “but I will hold thee under water till thy breath departs from thy body.” Judge Dou glas will not confiscate private property, but curs the cord that holds the slave and lets him go when and where he pleases. This is keen ing tbe promise to the ear and breaking it to the hope. It is downright mockery to tell the slave-holders they have equal rights in the Territories, and the next day give arms to a power that can expel them. They go to tbe Territories as other pioneers to protect them selves and their property as their propertv as other citizens go from other States. They ask no special legislation in their favor, they deny the right to single them or their property out for exclusion. They are right. Time and re flection will bring all men to justify their pos ition. • ' It is the misfortune of the position of Judge Douglas, that it has a sectional aspect. It would have tested his theory just as well had he selected an article of property common to - all the States, and then insisted that his Ter ritorial Legislature had the right to exclude t i this from its borders. He says that all prop j erty is alike, slaves and horses. Why not then mount an anti-horse theory as well as an anti- 1 ■ slavery dogma? The whole tendency of his u demonstration is to give intensity to the ex t | ciiement on the subject of slavery, both North - i and South. Tbe South are united, almost to - . a man, against him, while sectional party at - the North praise and urge him on The Dem » oeratic party want no such issues that party i. j is entirely national, spreading its broad, gio- rious, and time-honored heuner from lake to >- gulf, and from ocean to ocean. Why disturb its harmony and take from its strength, by - ' oolitinually harping u(~m (bis eeeuoual suing K ' -«w string of duoord aud strife I Why roll i- i Uiis apple <4 ooutentiuo slung its ranks ? The i- North has aUaady num tustal lu tepmuua it in.! Scuti: irrtt..:ed- alm -t beyond eri I durance Iyit ? I r tin- Li-t iwntyfive y- ■rs 1 stream in"i hamlet, foiutn and hall, pulpit and : roetrum have resounded with this semi . Ail war—fruitful in alienati n of feeling, but bar i ren of any good results. Why not at least so I far as the Deu.ocrati. party -i the gates of this tetnple becloel? I does it convey, or pr.-miae, any good? Will it quench the coals of strife at the North t W 11 it allay the prot acted irritation of the uutli'.' j If the South, with ho large an immigration, ai an early day, of barbarians from Africa, have l led them up to a point ofcivilizatii n never bc- I fore known in their history—if the white race has there reached points ot cultivation and refinement not surpassed on this continent; it they contril ute their full proportion to tho na tional wealth and wisdom ; if they have main tained their institutions and defended them with singular and successful ability against a world of tongues and pens in arms against them; if they only ask for equal and exact jus tice, why not give them a day of rest and peace? What spot of earth will they seize that they do not now possess? Point to the section or quarter section on which the ques tion has now a practical bearing. It is like an imaginary line drawn across the heavens ; it does not touch the moon, nor quench the light of a single star. But to the Smith it is the base line of their defence. Once admit that Congress may create or recognize a pow er, under its own control, that can make a distinction in favor ot the North, as against the South, and the gate is open for the de struction of society in fifteen States. Upon the same plane, white and black will not trav el tho road of industry and civilization. Mr. Douglas ought to take warning by the footsteps of those who have gone before him. Which of all the men who have taken a sec tional issue w th the Democratic party has not gone out of it, and enlisted in the ranks of the many-colored opposition ? AV here are Hale, Bunks, Culver, Chase, AVentworth, anil a host of others? But whatever may be the course of Mr. Douglas, the path of the Demo cratic party is plain anil clear. The trees are blazed by sixty years of almost uninterrupted success. This party has conquered and pros per d, because it was eminently a national party. Its altars are all national, neither sec tional nor individual. On its altars of princi nle. patriotism, anti fidelity to the Constitu tion, many an ambitious hero has bled, but the party has swept onward in "’■eater force and strength ; and far better that a thousand more of its leaders, who break trom the column in the line of march, should be offered up 1 t these altars, than they should be overturned and the Temple of Disunion be raised upon their ruins. AVe sincerolv nope Mr. Douglas will rep- • and do his frst works. Pitocios Naval Forces in the Chin ? W ters. Ab affairs in China a d the reL cuntitry to that exclusive nation are in " ;i considerable attention, we subjoin a stateme of the strength of the respective naval force- England, France, Russia and the United States: Total British Force. One steam frigate, 50 guns: thrni sailing frigates, 40; three steam corvettes, 50; one sailing corvette, 26; five steam sloops, 30: three sailing sloops, 28 ; seventeen gun-boats. 68 ; three -team transports, 14; one steam tender, 4 ; three block ships. Total guns, 309 Total men, say, 3,900. Total French Force. One sailing frigate, 50 guns; nineteen steam sloops, 104; five gunboats, 26; three steam transports; one sailing frigate, 40; one steam frigate, 40; two steam sloops; two gunboats. 3. Total guns, 268. Total Russian Force. One steam frigate, 44 guns; seven steam sloops, 59 ; four gunboats, 12. Total guns, 125. American Force at on North of Shanghai. U. S. S. Powhatan, 9 guns, Pearson ; U. S. chartered steamer Toeywan ; U. S. S. Ger mantown, 20 guns, Page; U. S. S. Mississippi, 10 guns, Nicholson. zAt Japan, U. S. survey screw Fennimore Cooper, Lieutenant J. M. Brooke. Vote of the Cities Below we give the vote for Governor, at the late election, in the several principal cities of our own State, by which it will be seen that Atlanta and Fulton County stand at the head of the list, viz: Atlanta . 1,870 Fulton County2,3o6 Augusta 1,551 Richmond County2,oo4 Columbusl,344 Muscogee Countyl,s9o Mac0n1,427- Bibb Countyl,Bßl Savannah, (Chatham c0.,)..1,374 [National American. 15th, 16th and 17th of November. Our friend, AVm. H. Ogbnroe, Esq., just re turned from a Georgia and Tennessee trip, tolls us that a general impression in Georgia is that our STATE FAIR is held in October. How the mistake originated, we know not. but let it suffice that the Fair commences in this city on the 15tA of Norember, and holds fair or fire days. The Races, same time. Our Georgia cotemporaries will confer a special favor by copying the above, or giving the notice in substance.— Monty. Mail. Sham Caheiauij, for Common Roads.—The Newark (N. J.) Mercury aaya that Mr. Fisher, ot Patterson, has constructed a steam carriage, which was tried on the cotnuiou road to Ac ipiackanock, a few days ago, when it went on ' the level fifteen wiles an hour, with twelve I passengers. One wile was ruu in three min utes Nor BariariKD.—The ediuw of a pe(<*r ia 1 Ohio (tbe Madusky Pioneer) hs» re<euily had • ■ st. ,t < l«f j.<i -■ I.:. !to I i. aa.t - os waiting tor wnne one togitt tow » shirt, so that he way Le able Lu put the csdiar to masso i um, eay mg that “a- preeaMß U lea pertevt M pertwty.’‘ John Massett •) the M-. m. Geon in. i >on hand a argo undtih iwnU’t- ■• t.i | Old Brandy. Dish a»i.« J'l-rictn V\ t.ixke <.l n.r i'i.is-np'-rjnr brand*. St Cn.»ix u.d Ja vaicn t< m. the first quality of Gin, with everything else in tmt> Mao, Champagne. Mad'-ira. Sherry Mallaga and t 4bcr kir.ds of'V<;> ■ .41 his bJK hi* patron* are . ' are to receive polite alien tf«»n, and gel the best 01 I He hope!’ to ret tin u liberal share of public patron i ;grhv’ ing ' des- • !'■ a trial I > I .lock. JOHN MAKSi IT ■ 1 iprii 12, Is*. • dtf MENARD & GASMEN, DRUGGIST AN APOTHECARY', ■HBRRYSTR)'. T,MA<OV. GA t FAS just received a< will keep con-taut- ■ II ly oil hand a free apply of DRUGS Ayy | ■IEDICINES, consisting ZM juinini;, IODINE, SALACINE, CHLOROFORM, IODINE POTASH, CALOMEL, MORPHINE, PIPERINE, BLUE MAS Arc., Ac. tlso, a large ot of American. English and Geran PERFUMERY. CAMPHINE. BURNING FLUID, SPIRITS TURPENTINE, ALCOHOL, SWEEDISH LEECHES. GARDEN SEEDS, Ac., Ac. „ Re will also keep a p ire article of BRANDY A WINE for Medicinal purposes. c ct 17 TO PLANTERS. ' | .HE subscribers hare on band, a good stock of I Osnaburirs, Kerseys, Blankets, and coarse Shoes suitable for the season, also, a general stock of Gro • ceries winch they will sell cheap tor Cash or npprov I ed credit, at the old stand on the corner above the , Lanier House. C. CAMPBELL A SON Macon, Oct iber 20 1857 Hffll! A. Ma BLACKSHEAR & CG., Washington Block, Invite attention to their SPBIIS Ji Sl'Hffl STOCK. Embracing ail the new styles of the i SEASON in Fancy Goods, together with a large <*tock of black Cloth, Drap’d eta and Alpacca Frocks and Sacks, Linen Frocks and Sacks, Linen Dusters, i Black Cassimeres and Drap’d eta Pants, &,c. march 30d-tf (''l GENT’S Furnishing Goods in large variety % at A. M. BLACKSHEAR & CO’S. ’ march 3od-tf r and Ladies’ lint Boxes, Valises, 1 Carpet Bags, Umbrella* Ac at march 80d A M Bl M K 8 [EAR A ’O S. XFOUTHS’ i.nd Boys’ Clothing* to 11 siies. 1 at A. M. PLACKSHEAR A CO’S, march 80d-tf 4 MBROTYPES taker, and nut in neat Cases at TA 50 Cents, at 8. GOOuIIAN’S Gallery, next to Mrs. Audouin’s Millinery Store. feb 2 1 d-Ms ♦ rRUN'KS. Valises, Carpet and Gutta Peroha Bags, Umbrellas, Ac. '. t xiv A. M. BLACKSHEAR A O Goo T Ko-rs & Son • T kVE in St< re ar ' ■ g .. ' (Wee, B;*.- Old O«> .« i ?:ii:«: Java Cofiee, Bbl*. R' i. S-vjai v i.riGUS grades, :ihd< choice Molars, . ’lid-.. Bacon Side'. ■■ boxes Sperm and Adamantine Boxes Soap, various qualities. Boxes Starch, various grades, <» B< xes gross) Pepper, Spice and Ginger *'» Boxes Candy, assorted, v Buxu* Tobacco, all qualities, ■'i Boxes Pickles, assort ud sizes, . r ».O00 Cigars of every grade, Together with a general assortment of Liquors —an »f which will be sold low for Cash. oct 20 John Massett, Wholesale and Retail Dealer IN Family Groceris, FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC LIQUOrtS. PROVISIONS, &C., &C. Mulberry Street, opposite the Medical College, Macon, Ga.,-faft apt, 12, 1859-dtf DR W.M.L- JONES? HAVING permanently located in Macon, respect fully tenders his pro essional services to the cit izens ol Macon and the surrounding country. o*Bce on 3rd Street, over T. J. Lane’s Store. june 25 d-ts BAYWOOD’S SAW 8F fflMffl. FOR THE HAIR. IN presenting the Balm of Savannah to the public, the proprietor does so without any of the hesita tion attending the introduction ot a new ami untried article, for it has been fifteen years before the public, and each year has added to its popularity. The de mand for it having increased so far beyond my pre vious facilities fir its manufacture, the proprietor has recently completed arrangements for producing on a more extensive scale, and at the same time, adding to its former excellence, by the result of a long prac tical experience in its use. The following vouchers from gentlemen well known to the community attest their estimation of the article : Savannah, August 3, 1858. J/r. J. J/. Haywood, Agent.— l cheerfully comply with my promise to give you my opinion or the mer its of your Bahn of Savannah. After using it for some two years, I am prepared to speak from experi ence, and d«» not hesitate to pronounce it the bes- pre paration for the hair that 1 have ever used. I tried many remedies, which had been recommended to me, with benefit, until I made a trial of your Buim. which not only removed the dandruff, but kept my head free from it, at the same time stimulating the growth of the hair and imparling to if a healthy appearance. I have recommended it to my friends, similar!v afflict ed, who. in every inslance. experienced similat ben efit from its use. I esteem it a pleasant and conve nient article for dressing the hair, posses* ng most of the virtues claims.l for the popular cosim iics<. the day, with none of their del« teriuus qualities I feel confident that it only needs to be known to the public to become universally popular. V’erv Respectfully Yours, W. T T/ZOMSCN, Editor of the Savannah Morning News. Macon, Ga , July 24, 1858. Mr. J. M. Haywood, Agent. Dear Sir’:—lt ail rd» me much pleasure to bear testimony to the excellence of your Balm of Savannah, which I have no hesita tion in pronouncing superior to any other preparation for the hair that I have ever used. ft not only cleauFes, •often* and invigorates the hair, but it re move* dandruff, and keep* the scalp clean and heal thy. It i* convenient and pleasant for toilet use, while it possesses medicinal qualities, that cannot fad to recommend it Io all who make atnal of it. tor sometime I bare used it in my family, who are now i unwilling to be without it. Very Respectfully, A*O T BOIFEUILLET, Treasurer of the B. W. K Road. May 24, Hs* Mr. J M Haywood. Ayrut. - It gh«Mi me pleasure ■ to certify to the u« equalled qu«*litiea<ff your Balm of ' Mavaenaii II «• the beet tome so« the hair, a* well . m the rdeetual extenuttietor of dandruff j have ■ ever tried M * half ba* barn iueliurd to fail out aiut* : my attars of $ allow Fe««f in i*<>4, and among all U»e ureeanUvea I beta triad, th* Balm of Mavaunah | Laa Mwm the atoet eaeeaaafui Thi« tomb I aey •oat cto*e«luHiy Y«mm*A4. r W AiriAhDFß. Ldilof the BepabßoMl i-LBTHOHECKKR, 1 I IM* l iur M*m«. IhlihN pad DOLLARS l.\ ADVANCE \ ! XI HER -Is P 1(1 p I i 11 1 13 ANDA NEWSPAPER, | ALL Kill TWO DOLLARS. Now is the Time to Subscribe FOB TUB (AMERICAN REPIBLIC, A A LARGE AND BEATIFUL JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO Art, Science, Literature, Agriculture, Ho moncu, and News. PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY. BY J. RUSSEL & CO., IN THE CITY OE MACON, GEORGIA. The most Eminet Writers of the Day ColitriU’ ite to its Columns. Terms Invariably in Advance One subscriber one year. .?2,0(». with Lottery Tickets worth $1 —four subscribers on? year.- with Lottery 1 icket- worth s4—ten subscribers oue vear, f 12.50, with Lottery j Tickets worth flu, the Tickets to be selected by the no from any of <>DGES« DAV W a <0 ‘S Schemes of the Consolidated Lotteries of Georgia N. B. \ specimen copy will be sent to any one whodesites it, free of cos’, whe-i further particulars will be furnished and inducements offered to sub- ’ scribers superior to those of any other literary jour nal now published. " i ; Don’t tail to send tor a Copy. Subscriptions received at the American Re- f pub ie Ollier. Ralston’s Building, Third >treet, up Stairs, until October when theorace will be removea _ to Aie r ’s Block, Mulberry Street. aug 26 ’st) d F. Eeichert, Upholsterer, on Cotton Avenue, I Upstairs, over Mr. Brainerd's Var ety Store, Opposite Roas, Coleman A Ross. C' r -d Hair maue to order, old k ’ «nc i u; old F. l i dure eally ’< •.. ■ •<! irt trnishrd <’t:r •• - cp. < <bb I* th Fiuid Gas Lamps. j ii.W i. pi-> nee .1 a lot of th- above Lamp* con -1 sL'iiug ol band Lumps, Suspending Lamps. I’ u - Igt Lamps, an., chd’ard Lamp* hr- untiecc*<ary tor me to -uiy anything about tbi< Lamp, as the Pr..-.** ot <>u. city bu* nd actual I could shv. Ilia als suitabief r runnip* through Hou.seso: Factories, on the same principle as Gas. R. P iIcEVOV. COWLES'SUPERIOR CREAM CHEESE. HAV ING made arrangements for a large supply . of the above named 3G3, We would inform the Citizens of Macon, and tb» public generally, that we are now prepared to furnish the article At Wholesale and Retail, As low as it can be afforded. Lovers of Good Cheese we invite you to give us a call, we are satisfied you will he pleased. GREER A FREEMAN. Sept. 15-dtf. Citizen copy. PLANTATION FoK SALE! I OFFER for sale a fine Plantation situated tiv< miles from Macon and containing thirteen hun dred acres of land—six hundred cleared, three hun dred of wooded upland and four hundred of swaui| land. On the premises is a fine new dwellii g and out houses. The mules and stock will bt sola with it if desired. It is situated in the forks of the Oc rnulgee river and Tobesofkee creek within a quar ter of a mile of the South Western and a half mile of the Macon A Brunswick Rail Ro>»ds. The crop car> be seen on the place. Terms will be liberal. june 23 d A w ts J. H. ANDREWS, Macon, Ga. Copartnership Notice. I HAVE associated with me my brother FRANK At. STONE, for the purpose ofcoutinuing the Ha’ ano Cap business. The business will be conducted hereafter under the firm name and style of CHAS. B. STONE & BROTHER. The undersigned, thankful for the liberal patron age extended to him the past year would most re spectfuily solicit a continuation of it for the new firm. They will keep constantlv on hand a superior stock of Hats and Cap*, winch they will sell as lov as any house in the citv or State. apt 12 'CHAS. B. STONE 4 BRO. FORSYTH’S FMfflßffiE fhffi MOT Si SUB' Ivianufactory, OPPOSITE TRIANGULAR BLOCK, and NEXT DOOR TO ROSS, COLEMAN A ROSS. sept 19 SmiMM 1859. r population of Maco is now betwern ten an< 1 twelve thousand; this, together with the in creased number of strut gers visiting the city foi the purpose ot buving goods, has induced the old and well known firm of W. W. Parker & Co. to buy a much larger stock of STAPLE & FANCY DRY GOOD? than usual, with the expectation of at least doub.inc their sales this Fail They have spared no pains 1< please all tho»« in want of the Late»l A .>!•»! Fasbiuiiable Dre**> GOODS. Their old fnei.'‘a and ow-hi.ih, and that deal b!e ininoriir of nsw ones, to c«i it g in, will be ©on Übcedihet they h»*««veu surpassed them»•!*•• bl* ALL LADIES OF TASTE are partM-ufariy tale reeled sod w« hope to see than avail tbewsabae us the privilege us xrly saiaeuwu* Parker’H. ••H ** < *r Wnntcd, rs ’> bt»< luw,, MtM T»B«< U>, Vi * *. AASUU*. JOB WORK: Having jurt procured a COMPLETE OUTF »-e are prepared to do every description of Job Wo n a neat style on short notice. We are ready at all times to execute in a R* manner •'■<’b work as TFRS PAV ’ILLS, CAI d r -'. LA’ ' 'tRCULARS, CARDS, V- '■■■• i f k' on Lua • ■raxes TO RENT. t*HL >?->"■ occupied by Watennav and '! occupied bv lluicbing' >4-o seveval I’ Apply to ’ FREEMAN A KOI ■' I july xb d 2m Religicvs Becks AND •>:»hhalh S>cl col I it< » rTMIOSF t 1 iuy to purchase Bibb-.* T’h< 1 . ’ ... i. -for the library or Said . i. »<> call and examine the -tncl i j uh: -Aiioris. for side at the “ Defosb< t i <-e<>ruis Bible and Colporteur Society. \ venue.” Macon. Ga Every advantage w 1 fcred to who w ish to select librariei- • : 'heSundi 'lebool or family. feb SAM’’ BOYKIN, a C. MACIIOI.D, Boct and Shoe Makei IN TRB Redding UKohmc Building ON Third Street, Macon. Ga. HE is prepared todoall work in his line as wel l cheap as it can be done elsewhere, and r *i fullv solk ; ts i continuance ot public Cal! nex' Io to M. Lon’s Barber Shop, feh 18 a-] v Stereoscopes. 4 LARGE and beautiful assortment of S’ JA. aeones- with a large number of views kinds. For sale singly or by the dozen at J. M. BOARDMAN’S dec xvt Washington Bl<>< CLOTHING rCLOTIirNG!! REMO VAI E. II INSHIP HAS removed to E. Saulsbury’s old stand i door to Strong & Wood’s shoe store, and is • pared to exhibit one of the largest and finest stoc READY MADE CLOTHING in the city. aep • Designs for Monumen 1 BY ROB T E, LAUNITZ, N. Y. E. J. JOHNSTON A CO., Agei Macon. < N. S. PRUDDEN&Ci Have just received their SECOND SPRING STOCK OF FAN DRY GOODS, PURCHASED by one of t *e firm within the two weeks. Among them are styles en new, and very beautiful. In Dress Goods we can show an elegant incut, from the cheapest to the finest fabric tilias, Miuc* Talman, Dutdcre. Em,t*rmd*rua, u. fact almost everything that pertains to our li business. N. S. PKUDDEN A C< apl 27 d-ts BELDEN & CO. GrOOZJfi AT COST FOR CASH! NO HCMBUG! UV E have just received an extra supply of S’ II Gc»d.-. consisting of Panamas, '’’bit- and Brown Leghorns, Wnirp Fenarea, ' d irpb- Canada®, . L ants, every variety of H. i” ■■ - ■ ■ ry *tvle. < - ' • '■<»« Bonn a? pre- i- offer great indui» BELDEN d Mvr.n. May 25. <U I’Di’.-ipr-M ropy 4t FIXE l\*i RAM I“nWlMI* r'HI IlHrtford Incorporated 1810. Tl Capital £lsv, v. I’iii .MH*sn*oit at Springfield Capita) fl * 'th a large surplus securely invested. Pollictea in the first class Coin paries isave* *se* promptly adjusted by E. JOHNSTON, Age . RLMM’D L \RD. Refined and No. 1 Leaf Lard, in Cm »lv Kegs, Half Barrels and Barrels, for sale I. hy McCALLIE & JONE> 1 dec 9 SADDLERY & HARDWARE npHE undersigned would respectfully 1 vite the attention of h»s friends and cus WFw •niei-s, and the trade, to his large stock of •” LEATHER AND RUBBER BELTING Double and Single Harness. Saddle;. ! Bridles, Bits and Spare, of the Dest make and latest style. Also, prepared to do iob work at the shortest m - ti e. ana in workmanlike manner, and as low »»- iny House in the city. Call and see at hia new Stoi next to the Manufactures’ Bank, and oppos te R«.*-' new Building. JOHN CLEGHORN oct IV Choicest Fruits. TUST received. New Layer Raisins, Languedoc Marseilles, and Princess Almonds, Sweet O» anges, Choice Northern Apples, at nov HENRY HORNI For Rent. '1 'HE Store rented by I! Forne and now occupied 1 by Mr Her: andez as a >egar Store, on Third Street, the *tand -n the city for a Confectionary »md Cand* Store. Also several large roon a up stairs in Cherry Street. sept 20 d ts ’ T C. DFMPSEY, Executor. FOR SALE. MY Residence, in front oi Dr. E. L. Strobecker’s dwelling, containing 6 rooms, kitchen with 2 rooms, negro house with 2 rooms and good stable, horse lot, hue well of water and good garden, an i u a very healthy part of the city and but a short xaik from the business part of the city. Terms wii be ninde liberal. Possession given the Ist of October next. G. J. BL A Ke. Macon Julv 2-1. 1859 d-t October Erroneous! VN idea pr« vails that MILLER A WATERMAN'S is a place for gentlemen’s trad. only. A'ofse. 1 he Ladies are respectfully informed that we have on hand, and are receiving' a nice stock of seasona ble Drv Goods which we will sell than any other House in the city. Please call if veu wish to buy Dry Goods cluaptr than you ever Inuight before, hext door to Bowdre 4 Anderson's, Cotton Avenue, sep 14 JACOB SCHALL BOOT& SHOE MAKER, WALKEK S BUILDING, .Mulberry street, near the Medical College, / OFFERS bis services to the public in all the V / branches of his art He flatters himsell that ■ n the manufacture of Boots, Shoes, and Gaitcra par-, icularlv, lia can give entire saintactiou to bis nat ions. Ordt rs respectfully solicited. feb 22 d 1 -y Milledgeville Hotel '■pills I -tabhslnnent is still open for the reception I of members to the Legislature and tian.lent visitor, aid the proprietor i, determm rd to reserve .tuple occommodation of Ladies, and for the enter, taioment ol both Ladies and Gentlemen: he baa euted Newell'a Hull, a Isrge and coaimodlßus room nfty In eighty leet lung a«joining the Hotel for the uiuose ot having two or three Cotilinn Parties per wees, with a flu, b nd of music which will alwat ■ t» it the command of bis guest. Every eflbn will be made to in ke bl, guest comfortable and contented saplx-dvl I I' HKUWh. Prv|.i,.ior Received to-day and for Sale. 100 *’’*'** M .‘. i * t,tr *D«w, I* " " Huperltoe •< HA “ Ihemoii Exira « M “ Planter . Mill. u ikaitA * PMiTctirrr, **¥' ** * Hwasa FftlHM M I'llMAUtt AbMIJIU, I'Ofc U» bur, warraMed to keep .» w i ,u tu,