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LFrarn the V tb He Remitter, Mint *7.]
OORn.KSi'OXDBNCE WITH MR. OAI.HOUN’.^
Mobile, April 21, 1S45.
It on. J. C. Calhoun.
Dear Sir: At a democratic meeting held in
this city on the 1 l*.h instant, tlie undersigntd
were appointoJ a committee ‘‘to express the
cordial approbation of the meeting of your pub-
lie conduct, their gratitude for your services,
and to offer to you on the part of the meeting
such other manifestation of their respect and es
teem ns we might think proper.
In carrying out the purpose of this resolution,
wo beg leave to assure you of the high sense
felt by your democratic fellow citizens of this
place, of your distinguished public services,
and especially of the wisdom, firmness and pa
triotism that marked your conduct as Secreta
ry of Sta'o, under the late administration.
Grateful as this duty is to us, wo fear that we
can but lamely express the admiration felt for
those talents that have lifted you so high in the
World’s regard, and the devotion of whicn to
the public interests has tended so much to a
right understanding of our peculiar form of
government, and reflected such lasting glory
upon the country.
It is to your public efforts that your fellow
thfzons arc mainly indebted for a true exposi
tion of the relative powers and duties of the
State and Federal Governments.
From you they have learned the great truth,
that the harmony of all can only be preserved
by each one’s confining ils action within the al
lot ted sphere, and that the rights of the people
and the States can only be properly secured
by carefully guarding against the centralizing
tendency of our federative system. It was
mado especially our duty to thank you for the
manner in which, as Secretary of State, you
conducted the negotiations for the re-annexa
tion of Texas. You were chiefly instrumen
tal in effecting the settlement of that great
question, upon which rational prosperity and
the security of the south so much depend. In
your official papers is to be found a noble vin
dication of the character and rights of the
southern people; and our gratitude is due to
you for the rescue of that rich section of our
continent from fanatical influence and Europe-’
an dominion. And now when every indica-
lion promises the addition of Texas to our ftm-
ily of Stales, thus affording security to the south
ern seaboard and opening a wider field for the
march of republican institutions, permit us to
assure you of ourgrateful sense of your agency
in effecting this great result.
Many, very many of your fellow citizens in
this quarter of the union, earnestly desire to
see and hear you, and shake you by the hand;
and for them we would pres- you to gratify
their wishes.
As an evidence of their approbation of your
public and private life, we are instructed to
tender you a Public Dinner, to be given in this
place at such lime as you may designate.
Wo have understood that it was your inten
tion, ere long, to visit this State, and we trust
that you will extend your journey to Mobile,
and afford us an opportunity of manifesting
the sincere regard in which you arc held by
Your friends and fellow citizens,
PERCY WALKER, - }
THOS. HOLLAND, |
THOS. McGRAN, )■ Committee.
J. A. CAMPBELL, I
W. II. IIALLETT, j
Fort Hill, 15th May, 1S45.
Gentlemen :—From somo delay in the mail,
I did not receive, until a few days since, your
letter of the 2lst April, informing me, that at a
democratic meeting held in the city of Mobile
on tho 14th of the same month, you were ap
pointed a committc, to express the cordial ap
probation of the meeting of my public conduct;
their gratitude for my services, and to offer on
the part of the meeting, such other manifesta
tions of their respect and esteem as you might
think proper.
1 will not attempt to express the deep grat
itude I feel for the warm approbation of nfiy
public conduct and services expressed by the
meeting in their resolutions, and the very ac
ceptable manner in which you have performed
the duty entrusted to you.
In performing it, you have alluded with par-
icular appro bation to my conduct and services
in reference to State Rights,and during that pe
riod I filled, for a tdiort time, the Sla’e Depart
ment under the late administration.
To no part of my public life do I look back
with greater pleasure, than that devoted to ex
pounding and maintaining the relations botween
the Federal and State Government on which
the doctrine of Slate Rights depend, and it is a
great consolation for me to think it has not been
jn vain.
The Federal Government regarded in its
federative character, in which States and not
individuals, are its constituents, is the most re
markable ever formed; and promises, if carried
out honestly unJ fairly as such, a higher degree
of prosperity and happiness, than lias ever fal
len to the lot of any people. On tho other
hand, regarded as a national Government, in
which individuals and not States arc the con
stituents, it has nothing novel of remarkable
about it. Instead of a great. Federal iJepublic,
as it is, it would be in t|pH character a huge'- un
wieldy democracy* destined to be torn in.°
fragments by hoslilo and conflicting interests,
and to terminate in convulsions. Such being
my conviction, I felt it to be my duty to mnin-
tnin the Federal character of the Government
ngainst the national or consolidative, at any
sacrifice and hazard, and shall continuo to do
so long as it shall please the author of my being
to spare my life. , . , . , .
Tlie services I rendered during the period l
filled the State Department were performed
under great difficulties and embarrassments.—
Nothing, indeed, but the magnitude of the
nuostions involved in the negotiations in rc.cr-
onco to Texas ami Oregm, with tho difficulties
nnd embarrassments encircling them, and the
■mammons call of the country to take charge
of the negotiations, cook) have meuced me to
lonve mv retirement and return to public life.—
Besides' thece that were intrinsic, there were
manv that were of an extraneous character.
Among others, tho administration was lite
rally without a party in Congress nnd very fee-
r>lvsup|*orlcd by the people; and the presiden-
riid question was pending, which experience
Wl taught me overruled in a great measure all
others
The negotiation 1 in reference to Texas ficst
claimed my attention, because it was the most
pressing and could not l>c delayed Wit.iout a
hazard. In order to avoid the difficulties and
embarrassments which l apprehended from the
presidential election, I resolved to keep entirely
aloof from the party politics of the day, and
especially from questions relating to the elec
tion, and to use my efforts to induce the can
didates-not to commit themselves against an.
nexation. I had little apprehension tha. Mr.
Van Buren would, as a great mnjonly of his
friend.., with Gw. iackso;, at their head, ha
declared for it. The position of Mr. Clay w s
d fit*p-nt* Tha mnu?s of h«5 friends in the
north opposed it, which I feared would sway
him. In order to prevent it it possible, I saw
some of his most prominent friends, with whom
1 was on friendly terms, and used etery argu
ment I could with them, to exert their influence
to prevent him from coming out against it^
It was all in vain. His letter in opposition
soon after appeared, nnd Mr. \ an Buren »
followed shortly after, most unexpectedly to
Their effect was great. Mr. Clays friends
were rallied against it almost to a man, a!- •
though the great body of them in the West
and South were disposed to support it, and not
a few of the prominent openly committed in
its fuvor.
It was different with Air- Y an Buren s—
The great body of his supporters remained
firm in its support; but an active, influential
and not an inconsiderable number adhered to
hij course. Indeed, the stand taken by tlie
seiecied candidates of the two great parties,
with the influence of the presidential question
and the feebleness of the administration in Con
gress and the country, seemed, for a time, to
render the prospect of success almost hopeless.
To these causes of opposition there must be
taken into consideration another, to realize the
difficulties and embarrassments that stood in
the way of the success of the measure. I a -
lude to abolition. It may, indeed, be truly
regarded as the main spring which puts the oth
ers in motion. ^
The abolition party in the North and West
had taken an early and decided stand against
if, nnd had gone so for as to adopt measures to
influence the party in Great Brinan, and
through them the British Government, to op
pose it, as the most effectual means of abolish
ing slavery in the United States and throughout
the continent. To consummate tins grand
nnd well laid scheme, it was indispensable that
Texas should be prevented from being annex
ed to our Union ; while the only possible way
to defeat it and prevent the mighty consequen
ces which would flow from it, was the annex
ation of Texas.
The course of the British Government at an
early stage of the negotiation, mado it mnnilest
that it had warmly and fully embraced the
scheme. The declaration made by its minis
ter at Washington to our Government before it
had fairly commenced ( a copy of which was
left at the Department of State after I hau en
tered on its duties.) left not .a doubt on that
point. It indeed, as well as avowed it, by de
clarin'* that Great Britian desired to see sla-
very abolished in Texas and throughout tlie
world, and that she was using constant ef
forts to effect it, and by inference, that she was
using her influence and diplomacy with Mex
ico to agree to recognize the independence ot
Texas, on condition that she should abolish
I saw in this declaration, thus formally made
to our government, a confirmation of what l be
lieved to be her scheme of policy in connection
with nliich Texas should or should not be an
nexed ; and that if it succedcd, its inevitable
’ r» td the final consumma-
consequences woutu be t . - , f ,,
tion of her great and deep (fe^gn, t ° bef °' 1 °"
cd by the desolation of the soul.), lh ° F 0 * 1 ™'
tion of the commerce and prosperity o*U*8 con
tinent, with a monopoly on her part of the great
tropical products of sugar, coffee, rice, tobac-
co and cotton, which are almost exclusively, as
far as this continent is concerned, the result of
slave labor.
Seeing all this, the question presented to me
was, hoiy shall the declaration of the British
government be met 1 Shall it be silently pass
ed over, leaving annexation to be urged on oth.
er and different grounds, or shall it be directly
and boldly met and exposed 1
It is not in my nature to hesitalo between
such alternatives. Mv conviction is deep, that
truth, modesty and plain dealing is the true pol
icy on all occasions in tho management of pub*
lie affairs, including diplomatic; and I resol
ved. without hesitation, to take them^ns my
guides on this memorable occasion
From the Baltimore American.
REVOLUTION IN CALIFORNIA-
Wo mentioned a day or two ago, without
having any knowledge of the circumstance
which led to it, that an insurrection in Califor
nia against the Governor of the Province, Gen.
Manuel Micheltorena, had succeeded. A let
ter from Monterey, published in the Yv ashing,
ton Union of Thursday evening, places us in
possession of the facts.
About eight years ago Don Juan L>.. Alvafa-
do, Don Jose Castro, nnd others, Californians
by birth, aided by several foreigners, took pos
session of the town of Monterey, tho arch.ves
THE TELEGRAPH AND REPIBLIC.
Wednesday, June U, 1845*
Office Telegraph & RFrur.Lic, >
-45. y
The de
feat of this deep laid scheme; tlie success of
annexation, (as may now be almost certainly
said) the vindication of the great institution on
which our safety depends, and the rescue ot
the commerce of the continent from the grasp
of commercial monopoly, have been tho result,
and I may add as laras I am individually con
cerned, your approbation, that of the meeting
you represent, and if I may judge from indica
tions, nearly of the whole country now of my
course.
But at tho time the approbation wns not so
unanimous. Denunciations then, loud and
deep, fell on my hend.
I was charged with introducing a new local
subject of little importance into the Texan is-
sue, with the base design of injuring the pros
pect of one of the presidential candidates, and
of dissolvin'* the Union J And many, who did
not go so far, cvcif southern men whose all was
at stake, thought that I acted injudiciously in
introducing the slave question and gTOg *
such prominence; that it was calculated to have
a bad party effect nnd to drive off some of the
party who were not sound on the subject of ab
olition, or who desired to obtain the votes ot
abolitionists. But 1 pass them by without re
mark or comment now, when time and experi
ence and the approbation of the country sanc
tion tho wisdom of tho course 1 adopted.
Thu absorbing character of the negotiation in
reference to Texas, did not so engross my at
tention as to neglect that of Oregon. soon
as the former was .sufficiently despatched and
tho business of tho department brought up. I
entered on that. I left it an unfinished state,
and as it is still pending, 1 ant not at liberty U>
speak of tho course I took in reference to it ,
but I trust, when it comes to bo made public,
it will not be less successful in meeting your
approbation and that of the country generally.
It is a subject not without great difficulties;
and I feel assured I shall be pardoned forex-
pressing a hope that it may bo so conducted by
those to whose bands it is entrusted to finish tho
negotiation, os to bring it to a successful and
satisfactory termination, and thus avoid an ap
peal to arms. Neither country can possibly
gain any thing by such an appeal, or can possi
bly desire it ifitcanbe honorably avoided.
In conclusion, I assurer you and through you
those vou represent, that it would afford me
crcat pleasure to partake of the public dinner
yon liave tendered me in their name, and ol
formin'* the personal acquaintance of my nu
merous* friends in ycur city ; but it is not now
in my power. P robnb * 9 '’ h< ? wever * ‘J?* 1
shall visit my son who resides ... your State
sometime next autumn; and in that event 1
will make it a point to visit Mobile.when I shall
be happy to'meet you and all my fnenis.
With great: respect, yours truly,
J. C. CALHOUN.
To Percy YValker, Thomas Holland, Thom
as M’Grnn, Wm. R. Halltti', rad J. A. Camp
bell, Esqrs.
It Douglas Jerrold is the writer of Mrs. Cau
dle’s famed “Curtain Lectures” in Punch.
and government property, chartered an pngr
]ish vessel, and sentthe Mexican General, his
officers and their families to lower Caldorma,
and left them there, to find their way to Mexi-
co as they could. The Californians then pro
ceeded to take possession of every part of Cali
fornia, with the different missions, and the ma
ny cattle belonging to the missions, and the dit-
ferent offices of honor and profit within this de
partment, The Mexicans remaining in tin.
country made an effort to put them down, but
failed.’ The Californians marched two or
three times up and down the coast, continuing
a part of the foreigners under high pay. Bus-
tumente; the President of Mexico, tiie second
year after this revolution, confirmed tho Cali
fornians in their different employments. Du
ring the time they held command they older-
ed almost every Englishman and American
(their former confederates) to be arrested.—
Over one hundred were imprisoned in Mon
terey at one time—over fifty of these in a low,
damp room, less than 20 feet square, without
floor or windows. In May, the same year,
many of the men were chained, six and eight to
a bar, put into the hold of a vessel, and sent to
San Bias. Fifteen months afterwards the gov
ernment of Mexico sent part of them back to
Monterey—several dying from fatigue and pft-
vntions. In the year 1843 General Michelto
rena arrived in California with some three or
four hundred officers and soldiers, and by order
of President Santa Anna took command—put
ting out of office some of the Californians. Last
November, Senors Castro, Alvarado, and many
of their countrymen, again rose with the deter
mination of sending out of their country the
Mexican troops. The two parties met and
made a treaty. Within a month, however,
they each denied the treaty and again took up
arms. General Micheltorena had in his service
two hundred foreigners, English, Germans and
Americans, who had taken up the Government
cause to put down the rebellion; and several of
them were the same who helped to put the Cal.
ifornians into office eight years before, and were,
some years afterwards, imprisoned and shipped
in irons without any trial. A large portion of
the foreigners who entered the service of tlio
Mexican Governmentarrived in California to
wards the close of the last year over the Rocky
Mountains from our Western States. 1 hose
were marched with the Mexican troops, but
had their own officers chosen from among them •
selves, Captain John A. Sutter,a Swiss officer,
(formerly of Charles X’s guard in Paris.; being
their commander and leader, and a Captain
Gant, or Grant, it is said.) formerly of the Uni
ted Slates Army, their Captain.
Hostilities were kept up between tlfe parties
until the 21st of February last, when the Cali
fornians succeeded in their efforts against tlie
government of the regular Governor and Com
mandant General, Don Manuel Micheltorena.
After a final buttle, a treaty was made, by
which it was agreed that every person on either
side might go where he wished—the soldiers to
go to San Bias or remain citizens o. California.
Tho Mexican officers who wish to remain will
continue to hold their commissions and pav.
Micheltorena was to goto St. Bias. Don Pico
has become Governor, as he is the leading
member of the House of Deputies of State Le
gislature; and Don Jose Custro has become
Commandant General of California. Califor
nia, from^Bodega to San Diego, is once more
under ils own command—the Russians having
left Bodega, which now belongs to Captain S.
Smith, said to belong to Baltimore, who is a na
turalized citizen of California.
Macon, May 27th, 1845
The new post oflico law going into operation
on the 1st of July, will deprive Postmasters of I a \ ability and virtue
the privilege of franking.
We hope our subscribers in tho country will
avail themselves of the intervening time to re
mit their respective dues to this office for sub
scriptions and save us the postage that must
accrue after that period. Arrangements have
been mado to enlarge and issue this paper on
ii new press and type on and after the first of
Julv. With the commencement of the approa
ching campaign the Telegraph will be prepared
Tlie Convention,
While it is the great fundamental principle
of our government to acknowledge equal po
litical right3, to enforce equal obligations and
duties,and to mete out equal and exact justice^to
all, it cannot be denied that the franchises cast up-
on every citizen under our happy system, were
entrusted to them as a sacred depositc for lhe
encouragement of individual, as well us nation-
At the formation of our
fOKEItLN ADVICES.
We avail ourselves to-day of the following
remarks from the Washington Union on the
extracts from the English prints received by the
Great Western at New Y’ork from Liverpool,
which follows :
the forms which were then established, based
all their hopes of the success of republican in
stitutions upon the vitality of this principle.
Here, then, while they raised the standard of
the rights of man, they perceived the necessity
ofa corresponding moral and intellectual eleva
tion. This was the text of the Revolution —
the ruling, vital principle — the hope that ani
mated the patriot’s heart, os lie looked for
te bear its portion of the “ dust and heat” of | ward through succeeding generations and saw
battle. If not as ably, it will at least as zeal
ously sustain tlie consecrated and tiine-lionorcd
principles of Republicanism as any journal in
the State. Will our friends aid us by their
co-operation 1
REMOVAL.
QJ** The Telegraph Printing Office' lias
been removed to the tenement adjoining the
Carriage and Saddlery establishment of Messrs.
Wrigley & Hart, on Second Street.
Will? Strategy.
We are pleased to find that the nomination
of Col. Chappell meets with unanimous appro-
al. That it should be pleasing to every Dem
ocrat in the district, we were prepared to ex
pect ; but we scarcely hoped that our Whi,
friends would receive it with such manifesta
tions of pleasure, as are betokened in the last
Messenger. The editor concludes his remarks
by saying : “We are not prepared to say that
lie will meet with opposition.’
If the Messenger’s party should adopt this
course, and run no opposition to Col. Chappell
we shall not question its motives or particular
policy for doing so. But we will take the lib
erty of warning the Democratic party of their
general policy for this campaign; which is 1st,
to nominate their strongest men in the SoDato
rial diotriole’vvhoro tho Whig party havo a ma
jority, in order to bring out all their strength
at the election; and 21, in the districts where
tho Democratic party are certain of success, to
nominate no Whig candidate, in order to lull
the Democrats into a sense of security, while
they secretly insinuate a good word for Gov.
Crawford, and slip in a chance representative to
vote for tho rc-e'ection of that delectable poli
tician John Macplicrson Berrien, to tlie United
States Senate.
Of the claims of Gov. Crawford tq any pecu
liar merit as a financier and political reformer,
as urged in the article above alluded to, we
shall take occasion to discuss very fully and
freely from and after the third Monday of the
present month. Our whig cotemporaries have
enjoyed almost a monopoly, in descanting on
these topics heretofore; but when the steeds
are brought fairly to the starting point, they
will find there are two opinions on all these
MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.
The Washington correspondent of the Jour
nal of Commerce of the 20th ult. says :
“ I understand that the New York Magnet
ic Telegraph Company, having filled their
stock, are ready to proceed to the completion
of the line of communication between Balti
more and New Y'ork. This design may, how
ever, be frustrated by the shortsighted rapacity
of tho railroad companies, the use of whose
travel is wanted. In that case tho funds of the
Company arc to be employed in establishing a
telegraphic line between New York and Bos
ton—a route which will, doubtless, prove much
more profitable than the other. Should the ex
periment succeed, a line from Bangor to New
Orleans will soon be established and another*
probably westward to St. Louis. Mr. Kendall
it is said calculates that the stock of the Com
pany will yield a dividend of twenty-five per
cent. per annum. This estimate is founded,
believe, on the postages received from the Go
vernment Express Mail.
*. Another scheme for forwarding the whole
mail, at the rate of sixty miles an hour, which
is rapid enough for practical purposes, is now
in agitation. Experiments arc soon to be
made, which will demonstrate its entire lensi
bility. It will bo a cheap mode of transporting
the mail—and is far preferable even to the at
mospheric rail-road talked of in England.”
ANOTHER FIRE AT PITTSBURG,
This doomed city has boon visited with an
other destructive fire. On Tuesday, the 27th
of May last the fire broke out in a stable belong
ing to Mr. Samuel Young, in 7th street, nnd in
less than three licurs, about sixty or seventy
houses in tho most densely populated part of
the Town were destroyed. The houses were
mostly occupied by those who had been burn
ed out by the ever-memorable fire of the 10th
of April ult., and consequently these unfortunate
individuals, arc again turned loose upon the
world, houseless and shirtless. Thcro seems
to be no doubt but that the fire was the work
of an incendiary.
YVe thankfully acknowledge our obligations
to the Hon. Mr. Chappell member of Congress
from the State of Georgia, for a copy of Ins
speech in behalf of Texas. From this ab.e
document we learn that when Virginia gave to
the United Stales her vast North Western 1 cr-
ritory, she submitted to the following condition
imposed by the Northern States upon a volun
tary surrender.
“There shall neither be slavery nor involun
tary servitude in the sind territory.”
Hence have resulted the three largo free
states of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, which have
thus given a political ascendancy to the North,
by tho voluntary cession of Virginia. But not
satisfied with this libera! and munificent surren
der of territory, they charge upon the slave
States a selfish and monopolizing policy, and
again wished to impose upon Texas a similar
condition to her admission in to the union.—
Galveston Ncics.
ganizing an J directing the energies of a state,
as his friends would have us believe; and in
simply executing existing laws in collecting the
debts due the Central Bank, and applying the
naturedly suffered -them to choose their own
ground lor every conflict. We do not object
to tht position they have entrenched themselves
in on this occasion — behind the financial abil
ities of the Governor. We will meet them on
that issue, and all its collaterals. And we shall
moreover, take the liberty of varying the time-
honored custom, by introducing a few other
small issues, which wo hope they will not es
teem altogether foreign. One of these will be
“The war fever lies somewhat died a.vay, in ennsequouee
of the indications from this side of the water, by the Caledo.
nia, being less warlike than was expected from the bra*,,
does of dir Robert Peel and the blusters of the English
newspapers. In < onscquence, “tlie aspect of the commer
cial aflairs is, on .the whole, more favorable," though the
price of cotton has fallen—a sign that the English pnreha-
rrovemment, those that were most friendly to j sfrs were speculating on peace. The Liverpool.correspon.
b“ no*- 1 ' , , | dentof the “ New \ ork Courier and Enquirer' writes, tha.
“nothing, however, of an official diameter, lias transpired
upon the Oregon question; but the temperate tone ol'mo6t
of the American public papers in relation to it, and the con
fidence pretty generally expressed in the mercantile ad»i-
ce3 from the United States, that it would net lend to a rnn-
lure, have greatly allayed the uneasiness which prevailed,
here ; but, of course, later accounts, and something to show
the feeling of the government of the United S’ates, will bo
anxiously looked for.
The British prints generally express a strong desire fur
peace with the United States, but contend that the only way
to prevent war is to effect some compromise on the Oregon
question. We leave this question in the hands of our own
government—satisfied, as they must be. that, desirable as
peace may be to their own countrymen, they ask only for an
honorable" peace ; that, while they deprecate war, they dep-
recate still more any sacrifice of the national righis or na
tional honor. Perhaps we could not present, or thej could
not have, a more complete exponent of the national 6e:iti-
ment of America, than the extract of a letter which wa sab-
join, from one of the most gallant patriots in all the West,
It was intended as a private letter; and our correspondent
as lie was the last to expect it, will be the first to be aiton-
ished at seeing himself in print. Hut it is on this very ac-
count the best expouent of the free sentiments of our coun
trymen.
The British prints are still blustering about war—as if
they could expect that the people of the United States, who
have twice defied the power of Great Britain, and twieo
foiled ler in open arms, are to be intimidated from tho
present support of their “clear and unquestionable rights"
by any idle menaces of such journals as the “ London
Times," or “Willmer’s Times,” or the still more arrogant
and indecent vituperation of the " Liverpool Mail” of the
17th ult.
How can Willmer’s Times serve its cause by such state
ments as these lines convey ?
It is well understood on this side of tlie water—it is still
better known at Washington, that the British cabinet havo
come to the conclusion that the present is tlie time for bring
ing this matter to an issue. To let it slip would prove
them as arrant bunglers as their antagonist. Diplomacy,
like the chess-board, consists of a series of successful
moves, and a skilful player can hardly be blamed for check
mating his rival. The affair might have remained in abey.
nnce another quarter of a century, as it has done durin» the
last half century, and every year would have increased the
means, on the purt of America, of a successful resistance—
decreased, in the same ratio, the power fcf Britain to sustain,
or take forcible possession of the Oregon. _ The tide of era-
i-ratton, which is daily flowing to the West, would have
peopled it in a few yeats with the Anglo-American race,
who would have held their own against all intruders.—
These advantages have been cast to the winds; and nothing
appears to remain but mutual concession, or the settlement
of the question by the strongest arm. Here, again, the evil
genius of the President confronts him. The temple of J».
nusis closed—we are at peace with the world._ Our Indi
an empire is consolidated—our colonies in China art pro-
gressing. The British Exchequer is full to repletion—its
r.avy is in admirable trim. Our steamers sweep every ses;
onr means of transporting troops, whether from Europe or
from Asia, were never more complete—more perfect.—
There never was a period in the nistory of this country
when it was better prepared for war—never did a question
exist,not on its abstract merits, but because of its concomi
tant swagger, on which less diversity of opinion prevails,
and with heart and soul would the dernier resort be enter
ed upon and pursued-
“We do not write in a partisan spirit. Nothing, Hesrea
knows, should we regard as a greater national calamity than
a rupture with tlie United States; and we should be lorry
to say or do any thing which could in the remotest degree
precipitate it. It i* painful—harrowing—even to contem
plate auch a contingency. The elements of society would
be convulsed; commerce Would be swept from the ocein;
and the ties of interest, and even of consanguinity, would
be rudely snapped asunder. Upon England it would inflict
all but irreparable injury, and America would hardly suffer
less intensely. May so fearful a consummation be averted!
"If the President is obstinate, and will concede nothing,
the party which elected may feel bound in consistency to
sustain him, and the voice of the more sober and discreet
portion of the Union will probably be drowned in the ara.-
lanche. We sincerely hope that discreet councils will pre
vail: and that both governments, conceding something for
the sake of peace, may bring the matter to a timely and sat
isfactory adjustment. But it is folly to biink the fact, that
the 'black cloud in the West’, to which Sir Hubert I’eel so
portentously alluded, looks threatening, and may burst with
devastating fury.’”
“What benefit can "the Liverpool Mail” promise itself,
by its illiberal abuse of our strength, our institutions, and
our Chief Magistrate? For example, what American heart
does not scorn the following outpourings from the vial of its
wrath 7”
‘"And, we ask, when did the citizens of the United States
cease to carry on a civil war of cheating, robbing and swin
dling, against this country ? She boasts of her honor. Can
she pay her just debts? She brags of her power! She
cannot make a gun to arm her most formidable frigate, the
Princeton. The only national bank she ever possessed was
founded upon English capital; and, according to her usual
practice, and the rules of her government, she swindled and
'robbed the English shareholders. In thort, and in plain
terms, the whole system qf Republicanism in the United
Stales is founded on robbery. The revolution teas a
premeditated act of robbery; sympathy of its leading
revolutionists icilti France, teas an act of -unquestiona
ble' and unpardonable viltany. These be liard words;
but their truth is demonstrated in every act of that sense
less and dishonored democracy. There are, however, ma
ny sensible men in America—men of properly and influence
who see that dishonesty does not prosper—that limits.ars
set to mob rule—and that the time has come when the in
stitutions of the United States must undergo a change for
tlie oenersl benefit of tlie Commonwealth. These thinking
men ihiuk that the time is now. We agree witU'thrm—
Mr. President Polk is an instrument—and an ignorant
though a useful one. While he has been flogging hie slaves,
the Christian world has undertaken the duty of flogging the
slave owner; and in the conflicting course of discipline, the
breeder of, and dealer in, slaves, must lake tlie conse
quence.” ‘
“These British journalists scarcely “know what they do."
They are embittering the feelings of Americans, and con
tributing, by their unwarrantable insolence, to excite onr
pride, and to disturb tlie relations of the two countries.—
We are a proud people, and we despise their insults and
defy their threats. Can they really ao far deceire thun-
6clvcs as to suppose Wb can be deceived about the dinger
which threatens their own country ? Mr. Jefferson s>id
that war was a game at which two nations strove wliiclt
should do each other the most harm. Have they so poor
an opinion of our sagacity as to suppose that we do not sea
the weak points in their entrenchments 7 Let war be wa
ged, and what become* of their famished manufacturers t
Let war be continued, and the threat of the western cham
pion will be carried out We will scarcely have a Brilisli
foot to tread the soil of this great continent. Let her mer
chants appreciate the ruin which threatens her comineree.
Let her financiers calculate the fate of her nocks, and die
augmentation of her nationul debt. Let the language of her
own papers instruct her what is to become of Ireland.”
•‘‘The Liverpool Times of the Oth has a long article oa
the effects produced among their ‘foreign and Irish neigh
bors.’ by Sir Robert Peel's 'enormous indiscretion, in drag-
ging'Mr. Polk and Oregon into the May nooth debate.’ Tha
rejoiemg of die Irish at the prospect of thus being enabled
to compel England to rome to terms, is dwelt upon at length,
and .extracts are given from articles in some of the Iris,,
papers on tlie subject. The Waterford Chronicle says li
the Irish ask is ‘life for Ireland;’ and adds, that ‘if war was
waging along the Canadian frontier, and if 30 sail of the
French line were confronting (he English fleet in St-
George's channel, they would hot long be without life for
Ireland;’ it further exhorts the Irish, before they consent
to bo'conciliated’ by the Mavnootli grant, to remember that
the concession is made at a moment when 'England cannot
depend upon the Russian woman-dogger, Nicholas, or sn?
other power, to help her over this bit of a fix in which sl»
seems to he placed with regard to the Oregon territory.'
• “The Belfast Vindicator goes still further, and putstb'J
hypothesis: ‘Suppose a war with France and America,a«“
all its embarrassments, and a people here determined :»
make use of these embarrassments: would England fire •
gun until Ireland was free? Who recruit her ranks’^'
Forty thousand Irishmen are in her service, raising t 5
temple of her glory, but not daring to inscribe lhair 0*®*J
on the entablature.’ Sven their neutrality—even our rc!“;
sal to enlist in the ranks—wou'd impede her course,
frightfully embarrass her. But if not merely neutral. 1’“
constitutionally opposed, how could England war wn»
paralyzed—nay, a hostile right arm. 1 ’'
• “The Times treats all this as mere hypothesis.
very severe upon Sir Robert Peel for giving the In* !
opportunity thus to threaten. Itanys:
•The integrity of tlie empire is shaken, the Frenrn
callcd'to our shores to battle array, Canada is ffi««M .
invasion, Oregon seized. Great Britain and Ireland aI ! 1)g
agined in actual war, our army is supposed melting ' c j..
° _u —j——• ~t a case W **
ith the Ordiaaff
stamped upon all the institutions of his country
the evidences of man’s capacity for self-gov
ernment. But it is sufficient for our purpose
now to state the facts and leave to abler hands
and more extended labours, the duty of trac
ing the causes and suggesting such correctives
as the evil may seem to require. No one will
pretend to deny that it too often happens in tins
State, as well as in every other State in the
Union, that merit and services are alike for
gotten, and the honors nnd rewards of office
too frequently bestowed not upon the most ca
pable and able, but upon the paltry sycophant
who has crept up by the oblique path which
honor disdains. The patriotic lover of his
country, no more than the sincere Christian,
should be willing to see the world set in mo
tion by a wooden divinity. Nor can the spi
rit of our institutions long be preserved unless
they are invigorated by a wholesome public
opinion in the bestowal of office. To the calm
and unbiassed observer the present is an im
portant crisis in the history of the republican
party of Georgia A crisis fraught with con
sequences extending beyond the present time
and reaching into futurity. It is on that ac
count we desire to adJress a few words to our
friends to day, without prejudice or passion,
and without intending to detract from the claims
of any one. Before this sheet reaches our
distant readers, Hie dny appointed for the nom
ination of a republican candidate for Governor
will be at hand. Let us therefore arouse
our Whole energies. Let the delegates to the
convention be assured that no exertion the}
can possibly put forth for the harmony and
success of our party, and the triumph of our
principles, will be more than called for by the
dignity and importance of the occasion, and
the great principles which the struggle will
involve. Let them cast off as unworthy of
themselves and of the land of freedom
they inherit, the trammels of cliques and fac
tions. Let them calmly and deliberately free
themselves from all such influences, and enter
upon their duties with an eye single to tlie
honor of Georgia, and the success of republi
can principles, by selecting a candidate that is
able, capable, and honest — one that is faithful
to the constitution — who possesses an intimate
knowledge of the condition and wants of cur
people, and who will be able and fearless in
subjects, as the race goes briskly on. It may
perchance appear that his Excellency is not j defending them. Letthem do this, and onr tri-
altogether an embodyment of the united talent umph in October will be an easy one and our
of Cambon as a financier, and of Carnot in or- | victory complete.
We have been requested to give a statement
of the ballotings at the convention held in this
city last week for the nomination of Senator.—
They were as follows : Col. Lamar having de
Col. Chappell,
24
Mij. Napier,
24
Col. Lamar,
2
On the second ballot,
Col. Chappell received
34
Maj. Napier,
17
Col. Lamar,
2
proceeds together with the sales ot reverted c ]j lie j bci n «* a candidate; on the first ballot the
lands in southwestern Georgia, to the partial | votesl0(jd £, r
extinction of the public debt, he has done no
more than any intelligent clerk in a store could
have done, or one of his secretaries, if his Ex
cellency had been absent at Augusta all, instead
of a portion of 1 is time. His Excellency, "e
are told, is a jovial, companionable man, and
lie must havo had on easy lime of it for the
last two years in his big arm chair, in the snug*
cozy little room south of the Executive Depart
ment, or in strolling about cracking jokes in
the other departments, the officers of which
arc all “a clever set of fellows j” especially as
no legislature met in the interval with its busi
ness to disturb his leisure, or its officious scru
tiny into his actings and doings. If it falls to
our lot hereafter, to be at all instrumental in
disturbing tlie unbroken serenity of bis Exec
utive brow, by any investigations of ours, we
shall endeavor not to produce a painful frown
by any uncalled for rudeness. We feel however
a certain presentiment that we areoneamonga
multitude of others—chosen to assist in oust
ing his Excellency from that easy chair, in
the “mighty workshop,” but wc shall endeavor
to perform the painful duty with becoming de
licacy. Or, to uso a professional phrase of
Dennis, the hangman, in Barnaby Rudge, we
will try and l, tiork him off comfortably.”
It has long been the custom of tho Govern-
or’s party, as in the present instance, to make
their own issues, and the democracy have good - ^ a person intentionally to induce those
'TliC right Courses
It is a relief to turn from the revolting fanat
icism displayed by the noilhcrn clergy of the
Baptist and Methodist Churches in their lale
conventions to the General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church of the United States, late
ly held in Cincinnati; while the northern cler
gy of the two former denominations, like the
gicat tempter in Paradise, sat ready to blight
and blast evory thing around them, as well asjde-
stro ythe charity and graces, all the fair and a t-
tractive fruits of genuine religion by throwing
firebrands into the churches on the subject ofsla-
ery, tho Presbyterian General Assembly
have very proparly adopted with but 13 dissent
ing voices out of ISO delegates, the following
articles) ■
1. That the institution of slavery, existing in
theso United States, is not sinful on the part of
civil society.
2. That slavery, as it exists in these United
States, is not a sinful offence.
3. That civil Government is not bound to
abolish slavery in tho United States.
4. That it is not agreeable to the word of God
held in slavery to rebel against their masters.
We have no room to publish the proceedings
of that body, and must content ourselves by
congratulating the country upon the wisdom
integrity, and enlightened charity evinced
throughout their proceedings.
COMMUNICATED.
2Hr. Prince : I would like to know by what
authority or precedent the meeting of last Mou
rn unco. UH** wm uc dav we - ek took upon itself t0 appoint commit-
the past and present history, and future des- j Je ' 3 in each c .,p ta i n > s district for the nomina-
tiny of one Senator Berrien. YVe shall ask
them if they will approve his conduct or repu
diate him ? Will they—if they can—send
him to the Senate to vote against tho annexa
tion of Texas, in violation of the expressed
will of a large majority of the people 1
(C/^TIie Democratic meetings in Upson and
Macon counties are unavoidably crowded out
this week. They will appear in our next.
tion of county officers and candidates for the
House of Representatives. Were they afraid
to trust the people as heretofore with choosing {J£J**o 0n ' , t ii 0 vicissitudes
their own candidates. If not, why depart 1
from the usual mode sanctioned both by the
usages of the party and tlie wishes of the peo
ple?"" What is to he gained by this change?
It may be belter calculated to accomplish th c
views of certain gentlemen than the old plan.
But it will not, I atr. certain, add strength t 0
our party; nor will it bo acquiesced in by the
people. RU TLAND.
llobcrt Peel's preternatural interferen
rouibe of the llritish constitution.'
* "O’Connell made a speech at Dnndalk on t!
is main)* made up of butTboneiy and bombast <■..
bare theme of repeal. ‘IJefore three months,’said he, -
land may be in a i
t .it* i;
, the
mnu muy uu in a ^
“■Good luck to her in that war, it’she does justk * ^
land ; I will not pray at all on tha other side ot 'v n0 wia;
for. There is
the fortunes of Knclf n ./
1 for it,.***
-hieva evety thing for to; ami, mm- —j " y «*■
' ’ 'n the next three months cr •
and, take iny wi
there be a war within tlie next three mm
will he walking up to Dublin before Christina* n '
small sticks ill yonr hands, just for the i> ur P°* e ' ,
what ati Irish Tarliauieut looks likt. [Cheering
It is rumored that Hon. Wm. O. Butlc r > ^
Kentucky willsticcced Col. Todd as Mh | '* tc ^
j Russia, whose term expires on 1st of J u '. v IR