Newspaper Page Text
From Ike Federal Union-
GOV CRAWFORD’S INVESTIGATING
COMMITTEE.
Il will be remembered, that a few weeks
av». “ Committee was here, at the rail of his
Excellency, to investigate fully, the affairs of
the Central Bank. What has that committee
done? Why aro not the people informed of
the condition o( the Institution, into who.se op
erations they were commissioned to examine?
The Whig party expect to elect Mr. Crawford,
by trumpeting his praises, for having, as they
assert, resuscitated the credit of the Centraj
Dank. They say, his skilful financiering has
appreciated its bdls to par vulu*. Aro the
people to take these statements upon credit, or,
to use Whig parlance, nre they to receive
them as true, “with, a generous confidence.!"—
There has 1>**cd no session of the Legislature,
since their adjournment in December, 1813,
to acrutini-io the official conduct of ins Excel
lency. \Y e should like to know whence the'
Whig press derive their facts, on winch tlit y ■
hasc their assertion) of hi* talismauic ski.l tit
finance and Banking? Wid they point to the
isolated fact, that Central Bank hills are now at
par, and that they shortly rose to that point af
ter the election of his Excellency 1 They
know full well that the bills of that institution
were rapidly appreciating at the time of Gov
ernor Crawford’s election, under the whole
some operation of the Legislation of 1842. It
is a non sequiter, to siy, that because the hilts
of the Central Bank rose to par under Mr.
Crawford’s administration, ergo, it is to be as
cribed to his wisdom aid ability. We ask
again, xvhat hus his Excellency done which
was not directed by previous legislation? So
far as facts are presented to the people, there
is no ground for the extravagant boastings of
th'i Whig press, over their nominee.
in the absence of an intervening session of
the Legislature, tho Governor was authorised
to appoint committees, to examine into the fi
nancial condition of the State, and to investi
gate the nfliiirs of the Central Bank. The
former of ihcso committees lias made its re
port—ths latter met, commenced their duties
mid adjourned until about the first of October,
that is to say, untilaftert/ic'clection. Why? If
Mr. Crawford, has in truth, exhibited such as
tonishing wisdom in the management of that
institution, why has not his investigating com
mittee published the facts, on xvhich the Whig
prc’3 rest ITs claims upon the confidence and
suffrage of the people ? A majority of that
committee are Whigs, who fee I a deep interest
, in his re-election. If there be facts connected
with his conduct of the Central Bank, which
would justify the swollen encomiums tlint nre
heaped upon his Excellency, tins keen sighted
committee would surely have discovered them.
Then why not divulge them to the people?—
In reply to enquiries, similar to these, we have
heard it stated that there were large amounts in
the hands of attorneys for collection, on account
of the Bank—that a full report could not be
made xvithout a statement from those .attorneys,
of the condition of the claims in their hands;
and that the committee adjourned to allow time
for such statements to bo forwarded to the
Cashier. This is a satisfactory reason for not
reporting/«//y; but it is no reason for xvithhol-
ding from the people, information of the condi.
tion of the Bank, as far as the committee had
prosecuted their labors,—much less does it jus
tify an adjournment until after the election.—
There was ample t'roe to have met at a much
earlier day, and to have made a full report, so
the people might act advisedly upon the merits
of his Excellency’s financial skill. We make
these remarks, not to arraign and censure the
committee. We recognise their riofl't to :•=
run extent to do as they have done. But,
from this state of facts, we think the inference
very clear and forcible, that the committee
found nothing in the conduct of the Executive,
worthy of commendation—and nothing which
could cast censure upon the Democratic party.
That committee was in session some ten or
twelve days, perhaps longer; if it had discover
ed much, aye, any thing which would reflect
credit upon “ the powers that be,” it would
have been blazoned forth with all “the pomp
and circumstance” of Whig boasting. And if
they had detected any thing reproachful to the
Democratic party, there would scarcely have
lieen found room enough in all the Whig sheets
in the State, to have contained their vindictive
enchinntions. . Georgians, there is eloquence
in the silence of that committee, which warns
you not to receive as true, the assertions of the
Whig press, unsustained by undeniable cvi.
dence.
’ mighty source; in imagination to s'und by the
! sacred fountain, at which Demosthenes slaked
his thirst; pilgrims like Tally, to tho same
consecrated spot, ourselves to quaff its pure and
limpid waters, and then to mark their continu
ous flow, more or less clear or turpid, adown
the stream of intervening ages.
It would be pleasant if our time, and the oc
casion prompted even n brief consideration of
this interesting tlicma; however hurried, of the ...
«.u- «r « c r irin .s I*. Jr iVgL’ftBi'JSSS^rSStS3TSS
art of Oratory. You would recognize in it,
not indeed tne sword of the spirit, but, though
an earthly weapon, nevertheless one tempered
above, and vouchsafed to man by the bemfi-
cence of his Creator, to vindicate tho grent
truths of government, of morals, and of reli
gion.
i From the Augusta Constitutionalist.
GOV. CRAWFORD AND Tilt! HOOK. SCHOOL
FUND.
‘•I have seen n notice tlint the present adinini.,tratioo 1ms
J issued an order to pay off during the mouth of September
i next, the debts due the teachers Qt the PoorJChihlren, which
l were contracted in 1842 and 1313. These debts ought to
liave been paid by tbe last administration, as under it they
were made. We shall see how much it will be paid; and il
is hoped that tuy teaching brethren wilt receire fullcpm*
pensation for their laborious duties, after two or llireo
years* trust- SCHOOL MASTER-*
The shore is the last paragraph in the communication of
TELEGRAPH & REPUBLIC.
Tuesday, August 10, 1845.
Crawford will il*ank the Writer for pforinp too muchovyox
; is a matter ibut I leave thejlaltcrr.r ami flattered to deter
i mine ibemselves. Gov. Crawford will have been in cftico
; '’September next,” twenty luc months! . And Gov.^Craw-
j ford’s benevoleuce for PoorSchdol teachers wilj^pvince it*
eslf twenty-two months after bis election? This will be a
very commendable act on the part of G«v! .Crawford, nndr
just before the Governor's clection x will doubtless contri
buted to obtain for him a few votes. Is time the policy?—
a • • i Can there be any other? If* the debts due to ’the teachers
A more vtvi.l .conception of its use would be of Poor Sehoob 7 were just> why were Uwyyooi paid long *
JUDGE BERRIEN'S ADDRESS AT FRANKLIN
COLLEGE.
Below we give our readers llte beautiful
address made by Judge Berrien to the com
petitors of the Sophomore class in Franklin
College for tho prize in Oratory:
Mr Young Friends :
The struggle for pre-eminence in the noble
art of Oratory, in which you have been recent
ly engaged, was full of interest. I atn quite
co. fidunt I do but express a sentiment which
was common to all who witnessed it, xvhen I
assure you of iIig very high gratification it af
forded us. It remains for me, in compliance
with tho wishes of my associates, to announce
to yi.il the judgement which they have felt il to
he th*T duly to render. I have accepted this
office, ns you will readily believe, with a niin-
g’otl feeling of pleasure and of reluctance ;—
of pleasure, because it awakens recollections
on which it is agreeable to dwell;—of reluc-
uqco, from the unwelcome task of discrimina
tion which it imposes.
It is pleasant to behold the intellectual strug
gle, the active, vigorous collision of young and
g ftod minds. The freshness and vivacity of
y >uth, impart a superadded and pccuhar charm
to this mental strife. But its crowu ng excel
lence is exhibited when it is regulated liy the
influences of a chastened ambition, and con
ducted in a spirit of generous rivalry; when
brother meets brother in frfendly conflict, with
the ardor and generosity of the knightly tour
nament. The intellectual struggles of ntan-
liool, whatever their arena, whether in the tri-
bun.its of justice, in the hulls of legislation, or
in the assemblies of the people, borrowing
strength from the pressing interest of the oc-
(usjoi)l xvhich prompt them, arc calculated to
oxciio graver, often it may h* t stronger and
loftier emotions. Still, they fail to impart the
pure and gentle pleasure, with which wo con
template the rivalry of the young, era yet the
scorpion sting of the passions has been felt in
their bosoms, with which we behold the out
ward manifestation of that inward and buoyant
spii it, that beams from the sparkling eye, throbs
in the swelling bospm, trembles on the uplifted
Inn ), and agitates the universal frame of the
.y outfit I aspirant, as in grave or guy, orimpas-
» onej tones, it gives utterance to ins thoughts,
and expression to his feelings.
It i* pleasant too, to contemplate in all i*s
vnriej excellence, the noble an, to which you
arc devoting your youthful energies; through
’-he ijag backward of time, to ascent to its
obtained by* consul-ring the appropriate sphere
of its exercise. Undoubtedly its highest ex-
rel’ence is nttuineJ, where great question*,
j deeply affecting the interests of u whole com-
i mutiny, are habitually or frequently agitated,
j Spe iking of Athenian eloquence, this position
I is thus illustrated by a J.itu spirited writer. ‘Tn
Athens, on incessant struggle for indepet dence,
for power, or for liberty, would not fail to rouse
tho genius of every citizen, to force the high
est station, animate her councils w ith a holy
zeal, and to afford her orators all that, accord
ing to the profoundest xvriters of antiquity, xvas
necessary to thesublimest strains of eloquence.
Magna eloquentia, sinutfiamtna materia alibur,
a modbus ezeilatur, urendo clarescit."
But il is nut only amid the tumult and excite
ment which spring from “ great convulsions in
public affairs,” that true eloquence exists. It
flourishes also under the mild and gentle reign
of peace, “ as the protectress of liberty, as
as patroness of improvement,” as the watch
ful guardian of all the varied blessings xvhich
Providence bestows upon man. Pascis comes,
oliique socia cl jam bene constitutitutce rcipnb-
licoe, alumna cloqucntia.
It is only, indeed, in free gox’crnments, that
eloquence can exist in its utmost x*igor, for
there alone can it exert its whole magic poxver.
Yet, even there you xvould realize its tenden
cy to abuse, when in tho heat and excitement
of party conflict, under the banner of each con
tending party you saw the professed champi
on of truth und freedom, profaning h:s high
function, stooping to the ignoble office of the
demagogue, striving to mislead xvhere it was
his privilege, and therefore his duty to instruct,
casting from him the armour of celestial temper,
with xvhich lie had been clothed, to display in
its stead, the bravado of the braggot, or the
trickery of the juggler.
With this lofty but just conception of the
use, and thus admonished of the tendency to
abuse of this noble art, if you turn to contem
plate the means by which it is acquired, you
xvould naturally look to the illustrious models
of antiquity for guidance and instruction. It
is a beautiful compliment to the Bard of Avon,
in xvhich a later poet represents him as lament
ing his ignorance of the ancic-nt classics, and
the genius and feeling of that poet are touch
ingly exhibited in tbe solace xvhich ho imparts.
The laniCtU and consolation are brief but ex
pressive.
“Eternal verdure bloom in Sini , P ear '* grove.
Where led by lightfrom Heav’n, be oft would rove,
In aoliiude, and .acred silence bleat.
And in the mixing, of hi. mighty breast,
All, as he scanned the vo'uine of the pas*. (
O’er Greece and Rome, one wishful glance would east
Mourn not pleas'd nature cried, their sounds unknown.
My universal language is your own.”
No similar consolulion awaits the student of
Rhetoric, who ncglocts the illustrious models
of antiquity and contents himself xvitlt contem
plating the copy of a copy, and that too a re
mote anu impel tect one, xvhich is exhibited at
this day, instead of kneeling devoutly, if he is
permitted to do so, at the shrine of tho groat
originals. Such a one, il has been tersely said
is “like him xvho attempts to catch a glimpse of
some beauty by her reflection in a mirror,
xvhich xveakens her tints if it docs not distort
her features.”
These are pleasant contemplations, recollec
tions on xvhich the mind lores to dwell, and
naturally excited by the task xvhich is allotted
to me. It is pleasant, too, to express, as 1 am
authorized to do, to all and each of you, tho
approbation of those xvho liax-o been selected
as judges of your rhetorical efforts, but xvhere
each one has acquitted himsell so xx*ell, the task
of discriminating is reluctantly performed. It
is ncvcrthless a duly, not assumed, but imposed,
and to the best of our ability, il must be faith
fully discharged.
The first prize in this oratorical contest, a
Gold Medal has been axvarded to Henry Hol
combe Bacon, of Liberty county, Georgia.
The second, a Silver Medal, valuable in it
self, and rendered yet more so by the occa
sion, and the motive of conferring it, has been
axvarded to Lucilius Henry Briscoe, of Monroe
county, Ga.
I pria.-nt to you, young Gentlemen, in tho
name and by the authority of my associates,
these certificates, as evidence of your title
to the Medals which have been awarded to you.
Receive them as the merited reward of your
praise xvorthy and successful efforts in the study
of tho noble art of oratory. Treasure them
yet more as precious testimonials of the affec
tionate solicitude for your xvelfare, which is
felt by your worthy and excellent instructor.
Let the enlightened benevolence which prompts
the donation, find a reciprocal feeling in the
lively gratitude with which il is received. Wear
them modestly, ns you won them nobly, always
remembering that lie ahme is truly great who
adds the charm of humility in the hour of tri
umph, to the vigour and ability which have
enabled him to achieve it.
EditotinlClFnnKe*
“TheiMilledgeville (Geo ) Federal Union has
changed I.anils from Park & Rogeis to Co 1 , j
D. C. Campbell and H. V. Johnson, E-q. It ,
is xvorthy of note, lln-t each of th«*se latter gen- .
llcmcn xvas selected by his (elloxv-citiz ns, for
the distinguished honor of <1* livt iing culogi, s
upon Gen. Jackson. Tni> fact slum* the high
character which they in the community,
and the addresses themselves spo k volumes in
favor of their tal tits and varied accomplish-
meats.
The Federal Un’on has nol« : y c< nti tided for i
the right and bos had great i flut-nco in sustair- !
ing the power of the Democratic paity in !
Georgia—that p;.rty is noxv ftdly organized,
and has strength to control the destinies of j
the State. Can it be doubted that that strength ’
xvill be firmly applied to xvipe out all stain of i
Wbiggery, and to banish to the shades such ;
vacillating, time-serving politicians as Berric”, ’
See. 1
We have every reason to believe, that the
new editors, already so xvell known to fame,
will do their ivliole duty, and xve hope to con
gratulate them, next faii, upon the complete
E. ederapt’on of their gallant 8t.de.
f llichhmntul Enquirer,
flood.—A pup^r pri.ued in lUu S andwich Is
lands, says that for the past year it had but one
delinquent subscriber ! These heathens (?) set
an exnmpla worthy the imitation of more en
lightened communities.
ago? XVhjT pay the ilehts of the Penitentiary, and allow fhe
teachers to’ watt until thr cre of the general elections!—
Can the teachers be blinded by so'stmloh nn artifice as
this? Whatever amount of money be doe to this very wor
thy class of our citizens, in the name of reason jet them be
paid, and promptly, but let it not come in the shape of jus
tice a few days before an important election.
But. perhaps, it may be said, that Qov. McDonald ought*,
to have paid those debts. • Let us examine this matter. I
n*sert, then, that Gov. McDonald knew comparatively noth
ing about the existence of those demands, and now I propose,
to froce my assertion. 1 reter to the Public Laws of 1843,
page 44, section 5: “The Justices of the Inlerior'Courts'of,
each county, shall ascertain die amount due to teachers of
poor children in their respective counties, for services ren
dered in the years 1842 and 1813,” and report the same to
ihe Governor. Why should those reports- be made to the
Governor. If he was already in possession of them? Ifthey
were not in the Executive oflirc when Gov. Crawford took
bis position there,bow could Governor McDonald know any
thing about them? Why call upon the Justices of the Infe-.
rior Court to ascertain the amounts? Simply because noth
ing was known in relation to those debts in 1813—then with
j what cslor of truth or propriety, can “ School-Master”' as-
I sert tlint “those debts ought to have been paid under the last
I administration?” . .
I now charge upon Gov. Crawford that'hd has been in le-
I gal possession of the claims of those school teachers, that he
proposes to pay in September, ever since the first of No
vember. 1844, more than nine months ago', aiidhe lias not
paid them yet! Will he with the subtlety of the lawyer,
assert that ’he law did not compel him to pay them at an ear
lier day? If so, I reply, dial the law did not prohibit him
from paying them.
Is it right that those school teachers should be compelled
to wail until the election times come on befute they get llieir
money? Is that another of the many beautiful specimens of
whig financiering?
The manner in which this contemplated distribution in
September will be effected demands the atteiition of the peo
ple of Georgia. How is it to be done? “The money will
be paid to any person presenting a certified copy, of an* ore
der of the Inferior Court authorizing such payment.”' This
may be a matter that may. in some cases, be carried out in
corruption snd tyranny.. I sound- the warning:, tocsin in
time, anckcall upon my democratic friends throughout the
State to watch with lynx-eyed vigilance the distribution of
this poor school fund in September next. Let not the pu
rity of the elective franchise be stained by any improper
use orcontrol of this fund. It is the hard-earued reward df
the teachers of poorchildrco, and its payment should in no*
ease be abused. PINEY WpQDS. '
THE WHIG KILKENNY CAT FIGHT.
The Georgia Journal, edited; I undeistand,' "by one of
Gov. Crawford’s private secretaries, (Mnj, Stvle.l denies
that the public dtbt of Georgia has increases^ under tha
idniimstration of Governor Crawford. I asserted, posilur-
ly, that it had. Then, it follows thst, the question of veraci
ty is to be determined between us. I call, to stittim my as
sertion. for the whig evidence of Colonel A. II. Kenan, and
Major J. A. Meriictther, as expressed intheir Finance Re,
port, in December, 1644. Here-it is:
Public debt under Crawford, $1,723,138.73
“ " “ McDonald» 1,614,133 So ,
FOR GOVERNOR,
*?I. HAIili ITIcALIsISTER,
Of Cbathntu.
For Senator of the 20th Distri r t y
A. II. CHAPPELI,
Of Bibb. -
1 •
FOIt ItEPItESENTATIX-ES.
8.1.71 HEX. 71. STRONG,
. JA3IES W. AR718TICONG.
For tlie CumpalKii.
* At the solicitation of a number of friends,
tho Telegraph xvill be furnished from this time
until the middle of November, to new subscri
bers, on the following terms ;
:For otic copy, 50 cents.
For six copies, 2 50
For txvelve copies, • 5 00
During the present month tho paper xvill be
.enlarged and issued on nexv type, and xvill con
tain as much reading matter as any xveekly pa
per published in Georgia.
Increase under Crawford. $ 110,999 75
This is very disagreeable fi>r the whigs to see in print, but
I could not well avoid letting them rend it. Gov. Crawford's
reduction rf the public debt, is like the aid woman’s de
scription of tbe masticstion and reduction of tbe mouthful
of half cooked tripe, “the more she chewed,the bigger it
got.”
My Georgia Journal friend, aays that “last year the Pen
itentiary yielded a profit to tbe btate.” 1 aJserted that it
bad proved a loss to the State. I bring forwatd, again, my
good whig witnesses, Messrs. Kenan and Meriwether, to
sustain my assertion. Hear them:
“The operations of tbe (Peaiteminry for J314) entire year,
shows a loss to the State, beyond the annual apitropriaiion.
Of I 679 85
Annual appropriation . . - 9.0UV 00
Certain loti in 1844, . -$13,679 85
This is awful for the wliigs to read, and I am truly sorry
■halt «m compelled kodma liut I trust 1-
llteir well known regard fi r self respect and kindness*; and
hope they will not fail to recognize and appreciate the senti
ments of their friends.
I had asserted that the whig legislature of 1843, exceed
ed ID expenditures, the democratic legislature of 1842,
$58 162. This statement, likewise, the Georgia Journal
denies. If u wouta not be trespassing too much upon the
rolumns of a newspaper, I might baC? published every ap-
prop.-iut; ia li:J in 1843 tfiat “ a - f “’S"*I
judge between us. I refer those who have doubts .'*■Tb u .1 l)U Constitution should 1 iy
Public Laws of those years—-and tbev will find mV ake”!*- r " ' •
• * mental rrfe. P ut ’he minuter
lions correct.
My whig friends will now be relieved, for some time,
from strictures upon their financial Governor. Hut they
must keep in the right track, and play a little fairer than they
have heretofore. PINEY XYOODS.
P. S.—My "School Master” friend has honored me with
a notice in the "llecordrr" of Tuesday last. He neither-
advances any ciphering or figuring to sustain his previ-
ously untenable positions, tior confronts anything advance-1
by me. His article is
“Upon the .whole,- **
A specimen of the rigmarole.''. - .-
[Augusta Constittuionalist.
From the .Augusta Constitutionalist.
Consistency in the exercise of the riglu.if suffrage,seenis
to be regarded by the advocates of Mr. Crawlurd's re-elec
tion, as a vague and unessential soinethingv-enurrly ddo
insignificant to occupy a place in the present gubernatorial
canvass. 1 here are many voters that gate ifrl Crawford
their support in'43, who cannot now, in view of the mra-
aures held and maintained by the whigs of Georgias die,
being their standard bearer, consistently vole for Tiis, re.-
election; for when they voted for him, they did'ii'under the
full belief that he held tbe old-fnsbioned tkato flights doc
trines of’33—doctrines which they 'themselves still hold,
believing them to be salutary and republiciinlri'their char
acter. And yet if one has independence enough so' to ex
press himself, he is pounced upon at once, and charged by
the whig leaders with endeavoring to‘throw contusion into"
their ranks. These metiers, say they, must not be agitated
within the hearing of the common people, for fear the in
vestigation may prove prejudicial to the success of the par
ty-
We are gravely told, that Mr. Crawford’s change of views
and opinions upon national questions and of minor impor*’
tance in comparison with State measures and State policy
that in his executive capacity he lias faithfully carried .uut*
these measures, and adopted a policy that has enabled him
to restore the sinking ere Jit of the State, and lo bring llie
Central Bank bills up to par value ; and, besides; by bis
judicia 1 management, the penitentiary has become a source
of profit to the Slate.—Ihe statements of public documents
to the contrary notwithstanding. "We aro tuld that Gov.
Crawford has done all this per se, and therefore It would
be unjust and even ungrateful and cruel for any. one who
assisted in placing li.ni in the executive chair, to think now*
ofdepcaing l.im at the ballot box on account of Ins havjn,
adopted the federal doctrines of the national whig party
although these measures were regarded, eveu by the w higs.
of Georgia in ’43, as being aiili-souiheru and anti republican
in their tendency.
From the manner in which Mr. Crawford's claims lo re-
election are set forth, one would suppose that his adminis-
■ tration has been entirely disconnected with legislative cn-
■ actment. He is held up as a modern Lycurgus—"making
l his own laws and adapting his own policy. If ihe majority
! of the whig party in Getrgia are disposed to compromise
their politn-ial principles, snd to lay aside consistency for
; the sake of unanimity and the re-election of Mr. Crawford,
there are some at least, who legarded consistency as a jew
el. and to preserve it untarnished, will capt their votes at
' the comirg election for M. Hall Mc.Callister. -i
A CRAWFORD MAN OF ’43.
Gnene County, August 1.1.-4S.
“I. O. O. F.—The annual session of the R. W. Grand
Lodge of the State of Georgia, which convened in this city
on the 6th inst, adjourned last evening. Ever / Lodge in
the State was fully represented, and the Order, we aro
pleased tn learn, is reported in a most flourishing condition
in Georgia. At eleven o'clock yesterday, the following
gentlemen were installed as officers for the ensuing year:
R- XVsyne, of No. 1, Savannah. M. W.'G. M-
I. Holmes. No. 2. Macon, II. W. D. G. M.
J. J. Jones, No. 2, Macon, It. W. G, XV.
J. N. Lewis. No. 1. Savannah, R. XV. G. S.
J. P Collins. No.3, Savannah. K. XV. G. T.
J. S. Morel, No. 3, Savannah, II. W. G. C.
J. R. Johnson, No.9. Ssvannah, XV.G. M.
J Scott, Jr. No. 1, Savannah, 'V. G. C.
B. Connelly, No. 7, Augusta, W. G. G.
T. K. Lloyd, No. 1, Savannah, and XX r - XVtlliams. No. 6.
Columbus, II. XV. G. Representatives to the Lodge of tho
U. S.
STATE GOVERNMENT.
Not on'y \x*erc the vigorous measures by
xvhich the State’s credit xx’as restored adopted,
during Governor McDonald’s administration,
but during the same period ameliorating chan
ges in the constitution and laxvs xvere made, by
xvhich the public expenditures have been so en
trenched as to xvarrant the belief that the entire
amount of the State debt, large as it is,may be
paid before its maturity, xvithout adding to the
burdens of the people. Instead of annually,
the legislature noxv meets only once in two
years, and the expense of our entire session of
legislature and its incidents, xvhich may be es
timated iit §90,000 is saved every two years,
xvhich amounts to an annual saving of S45,0QQ.
Again,upon his recommendation the legislature
has been reduced, a measure xvhich had previ
ously been frequently attempted, both by enact
ments of the legislature and coi-ventions held
fo'r the purpose, anil had invariably failed. He
pointed out the causes of previous failure and
these being avoided, the constitutional amend
ment xvas adopted. On this subject he remark
ed that “the failure of tlie many eflbrts hereto
fore made, to effect an amendment of tlie consti
tution, for the reduction of the number of the
members of the General Assembly, almost de
ters me from urging it again on your notice.—
But it seems to be strongly demanded by every
sound policy, that I cannot forbear making the
recommendation.
With a less numerous body, the business of
this country may be despatched with more ease
and rapidity, at a greatly diminished expense,
and xvith equal benefit to the people. The
past failures to accomplish this most desirable
object, have net resulted from any conviction on
the minds of the people, that it xvas not imperi
ously demanded by their best interest, but from
art attempt to carry out the details of the meas
ure in the proposed amendment, this gave room
for the operation of objections arising from
party or personal considerations. In a matter
of such general and momentous concern, such
unworthy influences ought never to be exerted.
down the funda-
regulations ought
gent ordinary sources, according to the estimate of the
Comptroller General, a copy ut which is herewith submit
ted, will he more than sufficient to defray tlie ordinary ex
penses of the Government, and pay tlie interest on the pub
lic debt. The total receipts may he estimated as follows :
from taxation and other contingent sources of
revenue, SQ90.000 00
To the credit of the State in Central Bank and
Georgia Rail Uoud Bank, subject to Execu
tive checks, $36,529 07
To the credit of the Treasury in Central Bank, 21,967 00
Balance of Military claim on Government, 74,795 73
Making an aggregate of $423,291 80
To this is to be added the balance on hand on the 31st of
O.-tobcx Iasi, less the amount received on assessments of
taxes for 1343.
Appropriations for many objects, for the political year,
eighteen-hundred and forty-three, were inadequate for the
purposes lor which they were intended, and those for the
year 1844, must necessarily be increased. The contingent
fund, accidentally overdrawn a few hundred dollats, lias
long since been exhausted, ami there are in consequence,
now outstanding debts chargeable to it, arising from cases
of small pox, postages, attorney* fees-for prosecuting delin
quent Banks, printing Bank Reports, &c , amounting in the
aggregate to ten’tliousand dollars.or thereabouts, for which
immediate prevision should be made. The expenditures
for the present year, may he estimated as follows :
Expenses of Legislature", $93,000
Civil Establishment. 37;475
Contingent Fund including the balance for lnstyear,30,000
Military Fund, 5.000
Printing Fund, 17,000
Special appropriations, 15,000
Interest on public debt. 95,000
Arrearages of interest for former years, 18.000
Making an aggregate of $312,475
which being deducted from estimated receipts, will leave a
balance subject to legislative disjvxsnl of $110,816 80.—
This sum is to be increased by the balance on bond oiiSlst
ult. as alluded to above. The large sum of $32 000 fur the
pay of the troops on the southern frontier,ia included in tho
special appropriations paid- the last year. No similar ap
propriation will be required hereafter.
Il is proper for me to remark, that I have engaged, upon
the receipt of the balance of tlie appropriation from the
General Government to apply at least fifty thousand dollars
of that sum to the reduction of the debt due Reid, Irving &
Co., which, from the foregoing statement, it will be percei
ved, may very readily be done without, in the slightest de
gree, embarrassing tlie operations of the Government. To
the sum of the estimated receipts into the Treasury as
hereinbetore mentioned; may be added the proceeds of the
. sales of such of the reverted lands as the General Assem
bly may order to be disposed of. From that source, if all
tbe reverted lands drawn in the lotteries prior to the Cher
okee lotteries are sold, the sum of fifty thousand dollars, at
least, may be expected to be realized.
As you may* not be assembled again during your consti
tutional term of service, provision must be made for the
expenses of the Gove-nment. and the interest on the public
debt for the political year eighteen hundied and forty-five.
These expenses will be diminished by the amount of the
pay of the Legislature and charges incident to legislation.
For that year the probable expenditures will be:
Civil Establishment, $37,475
Contingent Fund, 29,000
Military Fund, 3,000
Friming Fund, (no Laws and Journals.) 5,000
Interest on public debt, 100,000
Special appropriations, 15,000
S180.475
If the revenue should reach the estimate for the present
year, viz: $290,000, there will be a surplus of one hundred
and nineteen thousand five hundred and thirty-five dollars,
applicable to the reduction of the debt due to Messrs. Reid,.
Irving tc Co., should you continue the provision of the act
of last session, directing the application of tbe surplus to
t hat object. If you should direct the sale- of reverted lands-
drawn in the Cherokee lottery. aRcr the expiration of
twelve months, a revenue of at least eighty thousand dollars
ukiy be expected from that source. Bence, it will appear
if tliere be no-error ic-tbe estimates, the meansatyour con
trol will enable ym> to- adopt all tbe measures hereinafter
recommended, without interfering with the annual reduction
on the principal of the public debt, of ut least fifty thousand
dollats.
Should my recommendations in relation to the amend-
menaof the Constitution, to reduce the number of mem-
bers„and the change of tlie time for the meeting of the
General Assembly be adopted, and tbe pay of the members
fixed a< tbe rate which was for a long series of years cus
tomary in Geotgia, and is-iiov; the usual compensariorrin an
ndjniningStale, the most fortunate results maybe expected.
The sessions will be shortened to an average" of forty days,
the daily cost of legislation will not exceed six hundred and
fifty dollars, and the aggregrate biennial expense reduces!
to twen'y-six thousand dollars. The amount thus saved
will be a sensible relief to tbe hardens of the people, and
tile-ameliorating effects of the change will soon be felt in the
improved character of llte State at home and abromi.”
Constitution of flic State oi Texas*
Thu various committees ia the Convention
at Austin have reported provisions-for a Consti
tution of Texas, and these ere published at
length in the late files of the Texiau Journals.
From tlie GuIvestou- CivLiaa ol" the 30;h aid,
xve give s">me of the m >st imt-pcsting articles
and sections as they appear in that paper, pre
mising that the Editor thinks that various al
terations will be made ia many of them before
their passage :
The following articles from the“ Bill of Rights” may
not be uninteresting..
No religious teat shall ever he required as a qpali-
tion dutrictsTWni^liuixi^Jld thirteen S.ates »
by act of Congress, and may at any time be chant'? Vt
pleasure of that body. No one, however, ere°!t
that this statute crested the Union. The const; ■
completed that; the right of sovereignty, ihe * U * l0l>
enact the low, was already consummate.' 2
what some have supposed to involve an incono"? re -"alt,
while one branch of t!i« government considers t'*"’*'*
virtually ours, snd despatches troops to ocrn pv • ' l *> u
department holds that it is not operated upon bv"’
nue laws. Ob viously there is no shadow of lnco^ OU, ’*’*■
these views. They are both right, and there is n,, 8 ? 1 , 1 ? ij
between them. Until the territory and sovere' C0 ' i) '°t
ours, there can be no extension of our laws over •f ,1 - V ,r «
tory, and no exercise of this sovereignty. \y„ ‘’Gtti-.
possession. We must occupy, we must hold, a , ?! hi,
ry to legislgdki. What, then, have we acquij e ,|
nexntion of^rexaS ? We tiave acquired all i| ltlt
to Texas. We have a-quired the territory, with 0t N
boundaries and rights which she before had/ \yj, ’at*
rights are perfected by open and quiet possession t,''" 0 * 4
clear and beyond oontrovarsy. Where they rest j - v,r t
claim, which claim is controverted, they dev
precisely in ihe same way. and to exactly the SfRJ
Tlie case is a familiar one. When we acquired
by cession from France, neither ibe eastern, w* S i
northern boundary was distinctly settled. To the ***' **
of the Mississippi we claimed to the Perdido—com** 1 ' 1 ' 1 *
ding a large extent of territory then possessed,*!,^?* 2 *
continued to be occupied by Spain. To the south*
claimed to the Hio Bravo; and this claim continual**
settled by the treaty of 1619. To the north, the lin,;, 0 ?^
been partially adjusted by arrangement wit}, £ J ,T i
while, to the westward of the Rocky mountains, th^ ^'
question of boundary remains open with England: **7
In each and every of these cases, it was «ui»poi e i
the right of the Executive to take possession w»Fn ^
lionaDle. Oregon has been occupied, and is no*
progress of rapid settlement, while the title is vet in c V 1 *
versy. The most malogeus case, however, in our V
is that of the disputed territory lying between the Ibe*^
and the Perdido. The American government clsi—j j*
territory, as t constituent part of Louisiana, to which ,‘i*
rived title under the treaty of cession from Prance of* ^
30, 1803. This assertion of right on the part of the T \S
States was never promulgated to the public until JjJj
Spain remained in the undisturbed occupancy of the ^,7
Her monarch exercised his ordinary powers o»
’I lie N. Y. Courier and Enquirer aUtys —
“Wo unclerstnn<j from good authority, tfiatP.ro*
fessor Liekeh, of the College of South’Caroii-
lia. lias received a second ofler from tho King
of Prussia to enter his service as a superinten
dent genera! ol"prisons, together xvitli u chaif-
in the University of Berlin. .Flattering as this
offer must be to our felloxv-citizen, xve hope he
may see his advantage in declining it, as it will
certainly be for tire advantage of his adopted
country to return in its service taionts and learn
ing of such high orderas thoso of the Professor.”
to be left to the leg»j!“l l, rP.« At the time of
the adoption of the presenl constitution, the
General Assembly consisted of 21 Senators anu J
G2 Representatives only: tbe xvhole not equal
to llio present number of Senator?. Then the
organized tcrrilory did not extend xvest of the
Oconee:, now-, thst our entire limits aro settled,
and tho population is quadrupled, txvice over,
the public interest requires a nexv regulation !!”
By this alteration tlie expenses of the legislature
xvill be reduced about S33.000, xvhich taken
frpm $90,000 the eslimcted expense under the
old organization leaves $57,000 as the entire
t expense of legislation for every f.vo y'ears.—
Tho sum taken from the former expenses for
the same time, to xvit S180,000 leaves $123,000
as the saving of every txvo years, equal to a per
manent annual saving of $61,500. This sum
applied as a sinking fund, xvould extinguish tlie
principal of the public debt in’Iess than txventy-
five years, provided it does not exceed one mil
lion and a half of dollars. The revenue noxv
raised, it is presumed, is sufficient to pay the
•interest, and to authorize tho application of the
above sum to tlie extinguishment of the princi
pal. By this policy, the interest xvould be re
duced annually* nearly S4.000, and, consequent
ly leave "an increased sum each year to be ap
plied lo the reduction of the principal
For the condition of the finances at the closo
of Governor McDonald’s term, xve refer our
readers to his last annual communication to the
legislature. It xvill bn seen that his assiduous
labors to restore soundness to the finances xvere
successful; that he left to his successor nothing
but the plain and easy mode of paying out tho
money which his strong efforts hud brought in
to the treasury. * His statement of the condi
tion of the finances has been verified by time.
Mr. Mcrixvether by his report from the commit
tee on finance endeavored to discredit it, but
xve believe that he never ventured to ask the
vote of the legislature in support of the palpable
errors xvhich that document contained. The
xvhole of the balance of the military claim on
the government has not been receixed, and xve
believe that the failure is attributable entirely
to the indifference manifested by tbe powers
that be, to its payment. We presume it- was
not nouded by the treasury. In our next, we
shall commence a history of tho administration
of the “ Financier,” and iti the mean lime xvo
append a copious extract from Gov. McDon
ald’s las-t message:
Extracts front the journal of the house,
page 12.
“ lam gratified tn have it in my power to state, that the
present and prospective condition of the finances is more
flattering than when I had the honor last to Communicate'
with the representatives of the people on this subject. Tbe
receipts iuto the Treasury from taxation and other conlin-
(-cation to auy office of public 11 usi under this Slate.
“littll. No bill of attainder, rs post facto law impairing
tlieobltg-il'ou of contracts, shall be made, nor vested rights
be divested, unless for purposes of public utility, ami twr
adequate compensatio,.' previously made.
“j4ih. No person shall ?ver be imprisoned for debt.
“IBtii. Perpetuities or monoponCJ are contrary to the ge
nius of a free goWnimCC!; and shall nevefbe al'owed ; nor
shall the law of primogeniture or cnta.'ItnenteverLp in - orce
in this State."
In the “ Executive Department” the 1st section ;nys ihat
“The supreme executive power of tnis State shall b’e ves
ted in a Chief Magistrate, who shall be styled a Governor
of the State of Texas.”
“OEC. 4, Tlie Governor shall hold his office for the term
of four years from the time of his installation, and until his
successor shall be duly qualified, bet shall not be eligible
for more than four years in any term of eight.years ; he
(hall be a: least thirty years of age, shall be a na>ive
citizen of the United States , or a citizen of tho StateofTex-
as at the time of the adoption of this Constitution.”
The 5th section of that part of tlie Constitution having
reference to the “Judiciary” department of the State is as
follows :
••The Governor shall nominate, and, by and with the ad
vice and consent of two-thirds of tlie Senate, shall appoint
the Judges of the Supreme and District Courts.”
Tlie.edilor of the' Civilian is of the opinion that this sec
tion will become a law, thus taking the election of the judg
es from the hands of the people.
fhe 1st sectionofthe“Legislative Department” provides
that‘-every free white male citizen of the United Stales,
who shall have resided in Texas oneyear preceding an elec
tion, and the last six months in the county or town in which
lie offers to vote, shall be a qualified elector. Indians not
taxed, and Africans and descendants of Africans excepted.”
No minister ol the Gospel or priest shall be a member
oT the General Assembly.
The first election to be held on the first Monday and the
folio wing day in November, IS46,and the election shall be
held on the same days in November everv two vears there
after.
The Civilian further aids that it appears to
be understood that a majority of the members
of tlie convention are in favor of inserting a
clause in the constitution prohibiting the char
tering of any Bank in that State.
MEXICO AND TEXAS.
Our relations ate such at present with the
Governments and people of Texas and Mexico
that we are sure our readers feel u deep inter
est in everything relating to the course the
Government at Washington will feel bound to
adopt in reference to our rights connected
with or growing out of tho ratification by the
Texan congress of the joint resoluiions for the
annexation of that republic. Folloxving some
remarks made by the Washington Union, in re
ply to the National Intelligencer, xve find the
following sensible communication on the subject,
which xve transfer to our columns to-daj, and
commend it tn the reader’s attention:
However, President Madison issued his prociamatiua, ft?
citing the grounds of claim, it asserts that *‘a cm,v t “ ! '
length arrived,” "whereby a failure of ri>e United Suais
take possession may lead to events ultimately contrtT...
the views of both nations; whilst, in the meaa i*y : j
tranquility and security of our adjoining lerritoriei,
dangered, and new facilities given to violators ofocr?,"
nue and commercial laws,” Ac. Under these circc-.'.
ces, the President-deemed it right and expedient tha.^T
session should be taken of the territory in the name aaU
half of the United States.” Governor Claiborne tui
rected to take possession, and to exercise over it tbs
ity ,-f governor; the inhabitants were invited anderj ?
to pay due respect to him in that character, and to f;jj,
dienl to the laws.
In the instructions given to that officer, he was
to cause copies of the President’s proclamation to btc ,a
huted throughout the territory, in the English, Frtwhm
Spanish languages; to arrange with the ditierem cr-c,.’
ders of troops in the vicinity, to assume possessisa, a> c ..„
ize the militia, prescribe the boaids of parishes, anduaj.
lish courts. In case of opposition, the commanderrfs
United States troops was to furnish the necessary »b.
“Should, however, any particular place, however sir,
main in poesesssion of n Spanish force, you will not p.-ocVt-
to employ force against it, but will make immediate re\-
thereof to this department ”
Our right to the whole of Texas is surely as clesrsajj^
controvertible rs tn the territory then in coutrovenj. >
was notoriously held adveiselv to our claim by Spiis.il,
asserted her right to it: Mr. Madison considc-ej ikai,
was empowered by die constitution, and authorized hv
law of nations, os the Executive of the nation, to tileat
session and to employ force to execute this dutv.udW
carried out his design,despite tbe-fisitnai pronstofthe!-,
lish minister, who interpoavd on behalf ofSpain.wbveioi.
ereignty was thus invaded: AMEKICAXCS
Our Prospects.
From every section of the State, onr intelJ.
gence is of the rm>st cheering character. Th
people are becoming keenly alive to the r;.
ture of the issues, to be decided upon by that
in October next, and are determined todalheir
whole- duly. God speed the good «ori,tt
say, and may their victory be- as complete u
the principles for which, they a-re contending,w
sacred and holy lo every one in whose bos«
throbs a truly southern heart. The fol'otri:;
extract from a letter dated While SulpL
Springs, Meriwether county, August 5v \Y<
find il in the Federal. Union of Inst week,
“■Here is the p-'ace to hear politics discus'd,
and to get nexvs from all parts- of the Suite.-
McAllister is carrying all fn-fore hint, like firt
in a sedge field. No-mistake! : Crawfod
the VVliigs are col tfi'ut the knees. Tltegn*
Executive financiering of Crawford, they sk
did ssem to take for a xvhile; but as sooa is'e
was explained that his money saving capacjt
xvas all displayed in saving chips, and maki.g
the Penitentiary make money by chargniftk
State with all its expenses, and paying frenilk
Treasury for nil the work the Convicts dul,b
fat was knocked into the fire. The whig
here, don’t like this last eflbrt of the party,it
unite a general-rally upon the Penitentiary,i.
carry the elections in October, and thepeoplt
Ut -lk they will elect McAllister for Goienor,
a'ld let a PP°i n t Crawford to ittkecere;
the
thinks proper Jet a> supcnntet.d to
ney matters of the PenitentiC 1 j * .
You may rely on it, there's rno.'c
and enthusiasm in the Democratic partyri --
ever was witnessed before. Warner’s fr«P
are the most zealous men I have seen,lor.-
Allister any xvhere, and not a ma” ot ,
here, who docs not go it for him, horSfi
and dragoons. The Whigs give it up, they
they never expected lo elect Crawford, w
thought he had as xvell be beat as any of tbs
party, and that lie car be spared to return !
Bellair. But for Berrien, they are alraidthey"
fail to get the Legislature, to send him backu
the Senate in Congress—for his associatl*
xvith Webster and the abolitionists, lasf su
mer has been published, and the people •
Georgia, are not disposed to folluxv hi®*
readily iuto his federal measures againstTe®
and the like.
I shall be here and hereabouts, sowet* 1
yet, and shall visit the Warm Springs, too.J-’-
shall hear from me again. Yours-
From thecorrespondenceof the Constitute*’
alist, dated at Rome, Floyd county, xve clipt !
following in relation to the Cherokee country
-id let Ulm ■ppnmt xjyaxstoru ro nmttcarew
: *,<. „. ’'>e State wood pile und oilier Ir.'it
” a^“Ut the Capitol, and if I*
unsrs wasting . r
. 'efl cnnArintPrifl filPIEO*
RELATIONS WITH MEXICO.
In regard to me measures to be pursued by the govern
ment in occupying Texas, it is a matter of surprise that unv
great difference of opinion should exist. By the passage of
thejaint resolution. Congress lias given its assent to the an
nexation, on certain terms and conditions. Those terms
and conditions have been assented to by Texas. The com
pact is thus complete. What, then, remains lo be done ?—
As regards tho act of annexation, nothing.
Texas is now to form—or at this day, we may say, has
formed—her constitution, which will he submitted to Con
gress; and, it approved, she will be admitted as one of the
Slates of the Union. This proceeding, however, obviously
is wholly dislinc. from the original act of annexation. Tex
as, by such a measure, becomes vested with certain rights,
and parts with others which she now possesses. But her
admission into the Union as a Stale can neither enlarge nor
impair any rights of property. It merely changes the char
acter of the relations between the parties.
It will also become necessary for Congress bv distinct
legislation, to create districts, ports of entry, and to extend
the revenue system lo their newiy-acquired territory.—
SOch legislation presupposes, and does not oonfer, tights of
sovereignty. The metes and bounds of the various collec-
“So far, it appears, that Mr. McAllister**
largely the advantage of his competitor- ^-
Craxvfnrd. Mr. McAllister is considered 1 ' 1 ®?
part of Georgia as their candidate, atula 5
Hie members ofthe democratic party iirF |, ' ! ^
give him an undivided support. Some C0®T
tent judges have informed me, that ihe mV' 1 ^
for McAllister in October next, will beh's
than tlie democratic majorities at both el‘ c **.
last year for members of Congress and l
of President.
{ET 6 * We learn by a gentleman f'° m *^ a ’j
that Samuel M- Strong, Esq., and f> en * ' r
6trong have been nominated by the demo^ ■
as candidates to represent the county ol $*■
the next Legislature. The Democratic t,c ^
in that county is noxv completed. B 13 eOI ! 1 ^_
sed of gentlemen, whose high character aD *
knoxvledged ability ensure the triump 10 ^
mocracy in that county and Senatorial
They will be ornaments to the General -
blv, and will doubtless render eff-ci CI,t se
lo the State.—Fed. Union.
Tribute to Gen. Jacfcsou* ^
! Every vessel in tbe port of Li'erp 00 '^
; glish and foreign as xvell ns America' 1 '
! their colors at half must on tbe l6th 111 '
! mark of respect to the memory of Gen.