Newspaper Page Text
.Vj
From " The Daily t nion.
% OT ECTIVR TAHIFFP—THAT OF 1812—AND
£ HO M K FACTS CONNECTED WITH ITS J’AS-
SAUK. . * • . .
11 vcsterdnv s paper we had occasion in sub
mitting some general observations upon the
subject of tho tarilf, very earnestly to i ivoke
the attentive consideration of all to that interes
tin'' and highly til inieiiious subject. A great
n itioml t ipic it lias been for a long tvliile, and
doomed, wo apprehend, to be attended with on
inter -sung importance—unless, indeed, (ns we
ardent] v hope) it shall be the felicitous fortune
of Mr. i*<*lk and his supporters, at the approach
ing session of Congress, to adjust, upon tin hon
est and permanent basis, a tariff adapted to tho
requisitions of an economical government, and inevitable, if you should not raise the duties on
finally satisfactory to the moderated demands of ! imports above twen'y per cent.” Again : “ If
n class never i/r.t otherwise than unreasonable, j we adjourn without passing any bill, what will
unjust, and extortionate. In the Irghlful re
membrance of perils escaped—perils which our
that “the only alternative now presented to the
Senate, is, whether we shall pass this hit, or
leave the country in its present deplorable con
dition ? Every substitute propos'd for the b 11
has failed; and it is morally impossible that
any other measure can now he introduced in
its stead, with the least hope of success. Tho
fast hour <>l'the session is rapidly approaching;
and wo must speedily resolve either to pass the
present b.l 1 , or to do nothing.'' Again says lie,
“If you adjourn without passing any bill, what
will be the consequences? In tho first place,
you will then continue, and most probably per
petuate, the distribution of the proceeds of the
pubi c Ian Is among the several States. This is
und the great ends, which he was able aad ready
to effect, when his life was cut short.
The article referred to, gives us ns very dis
tinct view of the moral principles, feelings, or
culture of Mr. Legare. Something is wanting
to the picture, in this repeci. Whether a light
or a shade would be added, by a full and just
delineation, wc are left in uncertainty, except
i so far as we may rely on the warm attachment
of bis pure-minded friend, Mr. Preston, who
pronounced his eulogy.
THE TELEGRAPH AAD KEPIIBL1C.
Tuesday, November 4, 1845.
legi-d ttion upon the subject nflh» tarifl had oc
casioned — it should certainly he t!;n strong wish,
uppermost in every patriotic heart, that lint
fruitful them for national agitation and sec'ion-
al compl lint should he. speed.ly, and, if possi
ble, forever dismissed—dismissed, by compo
sing, upon honest and patriotic principles, the
long-continued quam*l upon the question of the
protective policy. As we have recently inti-
inated. the hope was formerly indulged that that
very desirable consummation had been brought
about, twelve years since; and there s -emcd to
be a rational foundation for such a hope. It
was at that time to have been exp'-ctod that he
who had been crowned with the splendid merit
of tranquilizing the country, would have had a
proper concern for his historical reputation—
bis posthumous honor—in preserving inviolate
the great principles, at least, of a compromise
proposed nod accomplished under c.rcumstauccs
at onre critical, solemn, and imposing. Hut
southern—shall we say national ?—anticipa
tions with respect to the course of public men,
it is to be deplored, remain unrealized; and
now, at so distant a day from that when hope
bad been auspiciously rekindled, we arc about
to hear tho dread clangor of a tariff discussion
repeated in halls of legislation, where, had the
good genius of the republic, and the fidelity of
great men, prevailed, no more woukl have been
heard of in our tittle.
But the inquiry is beginning to bo made, and,
we suppose, will continue to be made—Who
are responsible J who certainly’ should divide
the responsibility which attended the adoption
of a measure—the tariff of 1842—of which
sucli bitter complaints arc uttered 1 Did not
(it is alleged) members of the democratic party
—distinguished chiefs of that parly, and, at the
same time, illustrious ornaments of the Senate
—did not they (Messrs. Buchanan and Wright)
contribute the strength of their towering abili
ties, and the ponderous weight of their approba
tion—did not these gentlemen vote for the tariff
of 1842?—and was it not thus, and by these
means, that that nbhorrent measure was placed
upon the statute-book 1 Wo have bad our cu
riosity awakened up r m these matters,and, with
in the last twenty-four hours, have reperuse 1
the singularly interesting discussions—the con
eluding discussions upon tho tariff bill of 1842,
In that debate we find facts disclosed, which
though notorious—quite notorious, at the time
—will yet bear very well to bo alluded to—nay,
to be very distinctly repeated in this place, and
at this present juncture. It may, then, bo again
statcJ, and upon the verity of Hie congressional
record—that never, in the history of legislative
enactments, did two s atesmen, such ns Messrs.
Wright and Buchanan, find themselves so re
luctantly co-operating in sustaining, by their
votes, a measure simultaneously resisted and
denounce 1 in speeches of rare powet, delivered
by these distinguished men.
It was a most untowaid combination ofeir
cumstanccs and difficulties created for theocca-
sion—created, possibly, for the' very purpose
which was accomplished—that threw tticscgen
tlemen into the paradoxical position which they
declared themselves, will) the deepest regret for
that necessity, to have occupied. The strange
crisis which coerced their votes for that bill (as
an.V one will discover who shall look into the
debate) was, shall the public treasury be re-
p'enished ? and it must be replenished. Can
any other bill bo passed ? And, with one ac
cord, it was allowed that none other could.—
Shall the distribution policy—witli which the
tariff bill was, in one aspect, indissolubly united
—shall that abominable expedient of ambition
and corruption be countenanced—fixed forever
ujion 4 lhc country ; or shall it bo defeated, by sus
taining the bill of 1S427 This was another
perplexing, distressing alternative, which the
gentlemen in question deplored in pathetic and
patriotic strains of eloquence, and with great
plausibility of argument. Was that all? Cer
tainly not. It was at the same time strongly
questioned by some of tho profoundeat legal
authorities in the land, whether, without the
adoption of that, or some such bill, the imports
could be legally collected. When, indeed, the
duties were paid, emphatic protests were also
presented, disavowing the obligation. This,
then, was another most pregnant reason, con
trolling the course of certain members of the
Senate ; and it helped to command votes, when,
all the wli le, in the hearts of those who gave
them, a strong sentiment of opposition to the j
measure thus supported was indulged, an.I
openly expressed, in terms ofindignant earnest
ness. We could, indeed, publish from the
speeches referred to, the strongest remaiks
(passim) evincing tho truth of that which it may
bo considered supererogatory for us to have
rotuarked upon at all, but which we have
thought proper to stale, in order that those
through vvnose formal (or rather forced) co-op-
eratian a dreadful tariff was enacted, might be
placed rectus in curia; and in order that the
weight of so great an iufiucitco upon this great
quo*dun should he properly directed and justly
appreciated. For that purpose, and to that
end., we think it proper to give some extracts
from the speech ul Mr. Buchanan, and likewise
some from that of Air. Wright, showing the
pa'iiful urgency which pressed them to the cx-
t remit v of sustaining the tariff of IS 12.
It wall be recollected, that repeated efforts
had been previously made to pass a b II less
exceptionable than that which finally succeeded.
All these efforts had proved abortive. It w s
when tbc session of Congress was drawing not
only to its close, but when it was rapidly brea
thing in the last moments of its existence, that
this; stupendously fraudulent tariff bill, with till
the artifices ojuJ deceptions of minimum and
specific duties contained therein, was pressed,
and awitcd with mqvirulleleii importunity, upon
the national legislature. Such w.is the tune,
such wore the circumstances, under which this
hill was pressed and urued. Cm it bn belie
ved—will it now lie credited—that, under dif-
fweut circumstance-*, with more t>mo for delib
eration, and nn exigency less exacting, such an
•out and outrageous tarifl - law os that of 1842
Would have commanded the deliberate niipru-
4»ti»n of the Congress of tho United Stales !—
We think not.
Mr. Hiiciinnan, in tho exorJium of his speech
delivered upon the passage of the bill, declared
be the condition in which wc shall leave tl
! treasury of our country? Why, sir, many of
J the lawyers throughout the Union, as well as a
' large majority in both bouses of Congress, hold
tho opinion that there is now no law in exis
tence, under which any revenue can lie collect
ed.h But, hear him again: “ I admit, most
cheerfully, that the hill is extravagant in the
protection which it affords; and, in some in
stances, prohibitory. It is a bill of which I do
not approve, and for which I would not vote,
were it not for the present unparalleled condi
tion of the existing law, the treasury, and the
country. I had earnestly hoped that it might
be modified and amended by the Senate in such
a manner as to render it more acceptable; but
in this I have been disappointed.”
But bo again, with deeper emphasis, decla
red : “I shall accept this (the bill) now, as much
the least of two evils; and look with hope to
better times for an adjustment of the tariff on a
scale more consonant with all the great and va
rious interests of the Union without sections.”
That we consider the hope of o patriot—tho
prognostic of a statesman who looks to the uni
versal welfare.
But what said Mr. Wright? He, too, de
clared that “Tho alternative pn seated then, is,
tliis hill or none.” And his conviction was that
tho bill should pass, “had and loaded with de
fects, as he believed ii to be.” lie declared
that “he had entertained deep feelings against
the policy of distribution in any form, or for
any purpose; audit certainly was a powerful
and leading inducement to vote for this bill,
that its effect was to be, to arrest, and be hoped
to eradicate, and forever, that policy.”
Again said that gentleman, “Grave questions
have been made here, as well as elsewhere,
whether wc have in fact any revenue laws in
force, and whether tiny duties upon imports
Can be lawfully demanded and collected; and
legal gentlemen of the highest distinction, both
in and out of Congress, have pronounced de
liberate opinions against the validity of our
whole collection laws.” Further, snfd Mr.
Wright, “Defective as lie had admitted this bill
to be, lie bad used his utmost efforts, with his
other friends, to improve itand “yet many
and most important amendments had been re
jected by the deliberate votes of this body.”—
Aguin: “Now, for tho fir.-t time, a measure is
presented, which rot only does not aid distri
bution, but positively puts an end to it.*’
We have not yet turned to the speech of Mr.
W. C. Rives; but, if our recollection serves
us, that gentleman declared the bill of 1S12 to
be as bad or worse than that of 1828
The conclusion to which wc arrive—the in
evitable conclusion—is, that the biil of 1S12
never would have been sanctioned, could those
or somu of those whose names are recorded in
its support, have acted with that unlrameilcd
liberty and freedom of judgment, so desirable
in American legislation. And the great ques
tion is, can a bill, passed in such desperate cir
cumstances, at the heels of an expiling session
so loaded with minimutns, specific duties, and
other outrageous defects—sa vehemently pro
tested against by some of the most distinguished
senators who voted for it—can such an act
stand as the permanent will of a free, great, and
enlightened people ?
THE LATE HUGH S. LEGARE.
In alluding to the biographical sketch of
this distinguished statesman in the last num
ber of the American Review, the editor of the
Portland (Maine) Advertiser says:
We deem it scarcely less ban a duty to call
attention to the biographical sketch in the Inst
number of the American review of the late Mr.
Legare. It is well enough known that he was
once a member to Congress, and that he at-
tabled the distinction of being Attorney Gener
al of the United States, as well as that of a tem
porary appointment to the office of Secretary
of State, but the specific traits of his character
and the singular personal attainments which
distinguished him, whether in office, nr as a
private man, from the great majority of those
who have held similar stations, arc not gener
ally known.
Others have been distinguished as lawyers—
other public men have had a reputation as gen-
ral scholars ; but Mr. Legare had enjoyed
singularly favorable opporiuuilies for profes
sional and literary acquisitions, and apparent
ly, we may say of him, that there was noth
ing which he might have learnt, for the great
aims of his life, which lie did not learn. Very
few examples can be cited, where so excellent
opportunities were so excellently improved. It
docs not appear that Mr. Legare ever wanted
any tiling, in the way of means and facilities for
study, nor that he ever failed to make the most
of the means lie had. Of course then, he was
one of the most leirncd and accomplished men
ot Iiis age, and, especially among Ameri
can lawyers, few will be found worthy to stand
by his side, in any comparison of general at
tainment, or of enlarged and varied profession
al culture. We speak, of courge, under the
limitation of his age, for he died, long before
he had developed the full vigor and capacity
of that period, which is c died the meridian of
life.
His genius appears to have been nncommoi-
ly great. This was one po ut—a gift of nature.
In the next place, he loved study and studious
labor. Tliis, in great part, also, was a result
of temperament, but in part, without doubt, n
fruit of principle, and manly ambition. Jn the
way of opportunity, lie had everything. This
was the g It of loriuiic, and his mcril was, that
he did not throw his opportunities away. He
does not appear ever to have felt any pressure
of necessity, in the ordinary sense, and hence
we cannot admire his example with the same
warmth of regard that contracts us to those,
who seek a learned lame through the conflict
and pressure of difficulties. But amid the ten
thousand examples of those who have dissipa
ted the powers of good genius, or who have
been sluggards amid golden opportunities, we
cannot deny a noble merit to tnis worthy cul
tivation of the gifts of providence. In this
view, Mr. Legare’s resplendent example is in- j
structivo and agreeable, and it may be even en- I
couraging to those, who are beset with the dT-
ficulties of a less fortunate birth. At any role,
let ail admire, as a specimen of human capabil
ity, the achievements which he accomplished,
Central Kail Hoad Convention.
A meeting of the stockholders of the Central
Rail Road was held in this city on Thursday
last. The meeting was organized by the ap-
pointmcnt of Joseph Day. Esq. Chairman, and
Charles Cotton, Esq. Secretary. The per
sonal attendance of Stockholders was not large;
and the stock represented was smaller than was
anticipated.
The Piesident of the Company submitted a
report setting forth the views uf the Board in
reference to a proposed communication with
the Chattahoochee river, either at Columbusor
some other point. Two routes were considered,
the one connecting Macon with Columbus by a
road from the Montoe Road at Barnesville, the
other commencing at or near the Central Rail
Road Depot at this place, traversing the coun
ties of Houston, Macon, and Marion, and stri
king tho Chattahoochee at Columbus. This
latter route, and which is designated the lower
route, appears to be the one most favored by
the President and Directors—although we are
induced to believe, that the meeting did not
•concur with them. We aro satisfied that such
a line of road would not be preferred by our
citizens generally. But while the Board rec
ommend the lower line as the best communica
tion for the interests concerned, they consider it
“unwise and hazardous” to embark the compa
ny in the enterprize. The plan which they rec
ommend as one of prudence, is substantially as
follows:
To obtain of the Legislature au amendment
of their charter, giving the right to extend the
road to Columbus:
To authorize a new subscription of a million
of dol'ars for that specific purpose:
The new stock to be subscribed for to be kept
separate and distinct; and the instalments as
received, to be applied exclusively to the con
struction and equipment of the new line of road:
When tho road is completed, the two compa
nies to be consolidated and to constitute one
common fund:
After the report was read, a resolution was
adopted, requesting the President and Board of
Directors to act as a committee to procure the
amendment of tiie charter as suggested.
A resolution was also passed, asking for the
interposition of the Hoard of Directors, to ob
tain from the Post Office Department a Sunday
mail.
The above constitute the substance of the
proceedings of the meeting: we have not
been furnished with an official copy of
al their acts and doings, but we have given all
that was transacted, that was of general inter
est. The amended charter may be obtained;
but we doubt whether it will; at least for some
time to come, be jnade available.
do not graduate their principles to the arbitrary
standard of private and sectional interest, we
trust that every democrat will join us in sub
scribing to the truth and justice of his argu
ment. For ourselves we hold the views ex
pressed by Mr. McDuffie, as worthy of all ac
ceptation, and trust in God that they may take
the force ond effect of'law before the close of
the next session of Congress.
Bank Bobbery,
The Banking House of the Merchants Bank
of this city was entered on Saturday night, and
some five or six hundred dollars in Bills extrac
ted from its va ults. The entrance was made
through the floor of the building, and the vault
forced by removing the Brick upon which it
rested. Two coloured men who had been
employed in making some repairs upon the
“Let no democrat shrink from the expression i office are suspected, and are now in custody,
of his opinion upon this subject, from the fear
of consequences prejudicial to our hopes next
January. To nothing under heaven but the
moral influence of our political principles are
we indebted for the series of successes which,
with hardly an intermission, have attended our
footsteps since the overthrow of the younger
Adams. Principles carried us in triumph
through the fierce ordeal of the last Presiden
tial contest; and principles are our only de
pendence in the important contest to take place
in tliis State, ere tho labor of erecting a new
State government maybe said to be completed.
Our hopes of success hereafter must rest upon
the same basis, or they will never be realized.
No reasoning can be weaker than that which
would lead to the supposition that we have any
thing to fear from our principles. They are
thd only elements of our strength. Preach
them, then, from the house tops, from the cor
ners of the streets, without qualification or re
servation. They are tho ark of our political
safety, and he who deserts them is lost.”
and we have no doubt but the money will be
recovered.
Memphis Convention.
The Governor of the State of South Caro
lina has appointed the Hon. John C. Calhoun,
and Hon. F. H. Elmore, delegates on the part
of that State to the Convention at Memphis.
United States Court.
Tho Fall Term of the Gth Circuit Court of
the United States, for the District of Georgia,
will commence its session at Milledgeville, on
Thursday next.
We understand that several important cases
will come up at the present session of the
Court, among them the case of Henry Shultz
vs. Bank Slate of Georgia.
Boston Flour Trade.
We take the following from the Baltimore
American :
During the year ending 1st September, 1845,
the quantity of wheat Flour imported into Bos.
ton, from the several places iiere enumerated,
was as follows:
From New York, 192,000 bbls.; from Albany*
504*583 bbls.; Western Railroads, 143,450J
bbls.; from Now Orleans, 74,504 bbls.; from
Fredericksburg, 37,833 bbls.; from George
town, 17,537 bbls.; from Alexandria, 32,444
bbls.; from Richmond, 15,705 bbls.; from other
ports in Virginia,, 7,324 bbls.; from Philadel
phia, 16,106 bbls.; from Hartford, 295 bbls.
A table published in the New York Herald,
shows that the receipts of Flour have been as
follows at the ports named:
those who now in life, who remember thatuT*
labor is not purely selfish, but blenled •
their country’s good, or with happiness t 0 ik" 11
who are to succeed them. lhos e
The manly form of the warrior chief ^ i
deeds in our glorious revolution, proclaim*!? 0
the saviour of the South, lias mingle,] ff ; l .
kindred dust—the eloquent tongue of the fy 1
vine, who attracted by his purity and
truth, crowds, in our day, to the lofty
ry, is now mute, and the soul of the orat Ct L 8 '
fled to brighter worlds—the eye of him »[ •
his mind combined the foresight ofthe'| e °' a
Boston.
New York.
New Orleans.
2S35,
408,469
1,154,613
287,332
18116,
418.597
1,133,554
253,500
1837,
423,246
904.488
320,208
1838,
379.704
1,163,871
434.964
1839,
451.667
969,567
482.023
1S-PI,
619.361
1,863 313
496,194
1841,
574,233
1.154,700
439.688
1812,
600,460
1,457.030
521,175
1843,
610.964
1,612,921
502,507
1844,
689,200
1,581,137
533,312
Proceedings of the Legislature,
We have made arrangements to have a brief
synopsis of the proceedings of the Legislature
prepared each week for the Telegraph. The
report will include the business of each week
ending on Saturday evening by which we shall
be enabled to keop our readers as well advised
oflho proceedings of that body as any of the
Journals at the Capitol.
The Crop of Texas.
The Galveston News of the 18ih ult. states
that the cotton crop of Texas will prove to be
quite as good as it was last year, perhaps bet
ter; at least the total export will probably ex
ceed what it ever was before. In some parts
of the country the drought lias cutshort the crop
but only to a limited extent. On the other
hund many new plantations buve been opened,
and old oues considerably enlarged.
Of tho receipts'of Flour at Boston in 1842,
140,739 bbls. were received from the city of
New York; in 1843, 1,119,671 bbls , and in
1844, 189,020 bbls. or about one-fourth part of
the aggregate receipts. In 1842, 87,853 bbls.
of Flour were received from Albany bv the
Western Railroad; in 1S43, 111,595 bbls,; and
n 1844, 151,721 bbls.
Cotton Ci op of the United States.
Thu Cotton Crop just sent to market is the
largest ever known, being 2,394,503 bales—a
little larger than that of 1842-43, and 200,000
bales larger than the great crop of 1839-40.—
The following table gives the whole growth of <
Cotton in the United States for the last 17 years:
Oglethorpe University.
Tho Milledgeville Recorder of the 2Sth mat.,
says—Wc invite public attention to the annu
al Commencement of this institution, which
takes place on Wednesday, the- 12th of next
month. 0 lie commencement Sermon will be
delivered on the Saboath before.
The Trustees will meet on Monday after
noon.
On Tuesday the Junior Exhibition takes
place.
On Wednesday the Orations of the gradua
ting class ; and on that and the subsequent
day, the various anniversary orations will be
pronounced.
"We promise ourselves, and we think we
may safely promise the friends of education,
and all who may attend, a literary festival of
no common order. The prospects of tliis in
stitution are brighter than they have ever been,
and wc anticipate for the next year, under its
increased and very ablu faculty, and the inval-
uable additional facilities for leaning, in con
templation, as many students to reap its advan
tages, ns its friends desire it to have.
Tennessee U. S. Senator.
The Legislature of Tennessee had nine un
successful btllotings on the 21st ult. for u U. S.
Senator, when an adjournment took place until
the following day. Mr. Nicholson, editor of
the Nashville Union, and formerly U. S. Sena
tor, received 40 voies—the next highest was
Mr. Bell, who received 36. Several other can
didates were,voted fir. The balloting was re
sumed on the 22d again with the following re
sult:
1st ballot—For Mr. Turney 12; for Mr^
Nicholson 10; for Mr. Dunlap 7; for Mr. Bell
36.
2d ballot—For Mr. Turney 11; for Mr.
Nicholson 39; for Mr. Bell 26; G. A. Henry
5: Milton Browne 2; J. C. Jones 2’; W. 11-
Haskell 1.
On the ninth ballot Mr. Turney had made
concessions to the Whigs for the purpose of se
curing their support. Resolutions were intro
duced appointing a committee to investigate the
charge.
Years.
182S-29
1829- 30
1830- 31
1S31-32
1832-33
1S33-34
1834- 35.
1835- 30
1830-37
1837-3S
1S38-39
1839- 40
1840- 41
1841- 42
1842- 43
1813-44
1844-45
Total bales.
870,415
. 076,854
1,608,847
987,477
1,070,438
1,201,394
1,254,323
1,361,628
1,422,968
1,801,497
1,300 532
2.177.SS5
1,634 945
1.6S4,2ll
2.37S.S75
2.030.409
2,394,503.
Kail l£»uds In France..
The editor of the New York Courier des
Etats Unis, wiiting from Paris, stales that (he
first instalment on live new railway schemes in
France, recently paid in, amounted to about
SS6,000,000.
The Tennessee Tote—Official.
The official canvass of the vote for Gover
nor in Tennessee, in August last, presents the
following result:
For Aaron V. Brown, Dem. 58,268 votes.
“ Ephraim H. Foster, Whig, 56,646 “
Majority for Brown,
1,624
Ti e following is a poriio i of the comments
of the New Orleans Jeffersonian Republican,
on Mr. McDuffie’s late letter upon the Tariff.
They breathe the right spirit and wc wish we
could believe that such opinions prevailed more
generally among the republicans of the country.
I We regret to learn from the instpiumber of the
! Republican, that its late talented and efficient
editor, J. F. II. Claiborne, Esq., has withdrawn
! from that journal. His phec cannot be filled.
His loss will be felt, not only by our friends in
Lou sinna, but by the Republicans throughout
the Union.
“The iniquities of the existing tariff are ex
posed in this letter with the hand of a master,
and the gross deformities of which it is made
up arc painted ou 1 , compared and descanted
upon with inimitable skill. The immense a-
mouni of fraud of which it is the cause, is
shown, and those who foster a policy so repug
nant to justice and subversive of equal rights,
ure denounced in terms of scorching severity.
“Away with all prudential suggestions which
would make us avoid the consideration of this
subject at this time, and prevent us, not only
from avowing the opinions we hold regarding
it, but from promulgating them to the extent of
our ability. Although an important interest of
this Stale may consider itself assailed by the
letter of Mr. McDuffie—although it should put
in motion its powerful influence against all who
Monroe Knil Road,
W e are gratified to learn that the purchasers
of the Monroe Rail Road, after a careful inves
tigation of its condition and prospects, have
made arrangements to enter upon the vigorous
prosecution of the work to completion at once.
By an advertisement in our columns to-day, it
will be seen that tho entire line of the road from
this place to its intersection with the State Road
in DeKalb county will be relaid and put in a
condition equal to that of the best roads in the
country. The repairs and equipments of the
road will be under the direction of Mr. D. Ty
ler, who has been connected with several of the
most important Rail Road cnlerprizes in the
Northern States, and is one of the best engineers
in the country.
In the commercial race between this city
and some of her rival sisters—— when every effort
lias been put in requisition to diveit the leeiti-
male trade which belongs to her to other
points, our citizens cannot appreciate too highly
tho indefatigable and enlightened enterprize of
our esteemed fellow-townsmen, Mr. Jerry
Cowles, an I a few other gentlemen to whose
exertions alone they are indebted for the advan
tages which the present condition of the road
promises them under the new arrangement
which has been effected. Our position is such
from tho schemes of improvement which are
already shooting across the State from other
points, that we are in no situation to give any
advantages; and we trust that every citizeu who
feels that lie is identified with tho fortunes of
Macon will feel it his duty to co-operate in ev
ery way in furthering the views of this compa
ny. We will extend our remarks upon this
subject in our next.
From the Savannah Georgian.
Do good in your day and generation. This
isan axiom which should be implanted in the
bosom of a l the race of Adam- The farmer,
who to-day sows in the earth the seed which he
trusts will in due time return to him his barns
well stocked, and abundance tor bis wants, sows
not that seed for himself alone. Fulfilling a
divine injunction—In the sweat of thy brow
shalt thou eat thy bread—he may nevertheless
never partake of the fruit oFliis industry, fur
that decay essential for the germination of the
seed planted by his labor, is inscribed upon ev
ery thing human, and the hand that planted,
and the eye that watched its springing into at
mospheric bfe, may in one brief h-rnr lie closed
in the embrace of death, previous to that matu
rity which gladdens, the heart of the Imsband-
tuan. But has lie toiled for nothing? No I
For He lias left friends dearer to him than. life,
who derive a benefit from his foresight in pr e .
paring for another year of earthly existence.
I hough he liuth fallen before a telontless
decroe, the seed itself doth, not perish, for an
eye that never slumbers watches over its '
growth,.
4 be harvest is no longer the pleasure of his
heart,, but it gladdens perhaps the hearts of
his children. His form may be missed in the
field of ins earlhly toil, but his name endures
in the memory of those who are fed and cloth-
eJ by his prudent prescience.
4 lie young- and tender oak of the forest
which has been transplanted by those we have
loved to the rural walks which our feet :n child
hood and in maturerage, have trodden with de
light, is now a mighty tree under whose brandi
es we love to linger, and to recall to memory
those voices which once made the grove vocal
with affection. a
The orator who from the sacred desk incul
cates the doctrines of life anti immortality,
may,'like the dew of the morning, vanish from
our sight, but the seed he has scattered hath ta
ken loot in the heart, and fructifies, some day
or other, though the sower is no longer among
earthly men. “
So will it be, or should it be with the Legis-
lator, who, entering upon his duty with a proper
feeling ol responsibility, listens to no svren
voice of ambition, which in honied accents
would lure him front his duly, but with a single
eye to the interests of Ills Country, originates
and perfects those laws, which, while they ben
efit the aresent, will transmit his name to fu
ture generations as the wise and considerate
statesman.
So should it be with all who now on the bu
sy theatre of life, press forward in all its bus
tling scenes, with tho energy of men determin-
ed to do good in their day aud generation.
On such does the responsibility rest of exhibit,
ing to posterity the results of their labors. Ex
amples abound in our Country’s annals to point
out their duty as American citizens, and the
sod which presses in our own cemetery upon
many a manly bosom, once glowing with tho
feelings of patriotism, will rest lighter upon
tor, the learning of the civilian, the pat'y’'’**
of the citizen soldier, and the energy 0 f ,
public citizen, is deprived of life’s jc, Vo ]
tre—but ore the virtues of a Greene, a*Koll T
or aGordon, effaced from our memories? ’
No, they will live while patriotism j s a > .
red, piety revered, or manly virtues app^'
These are our own, our cherished (e ac f,
in the lessons of patriotism, exalted ethics' ^
enlightened public enterprise. 1 a
Shall their efforts be useless—their e^Vt
worth, their pure precepts and their manlyV?
ticc be lost to those around us. Lot us
on the mausoleum, reared with gralepjl
to the memory of the one—the sacred edifi/
the consecrated tomb of another—and the C *'
tral Rail Road, l.lie extended monumeni of •£
third, and then vow that we shall not live f'
ourselves alone ; that selfish aspirations sin]
not be the only incitement to action, but
our beautiful city, our noble State, shall be:
all our thoughts, and r their social and polif^j 1
advancement be the incentives of our |]L
while (lie current of life courses inourve®.'
From the Augusta ConstUuttonaliu.
The Democratic papers are unanimousjj
condemning and denouncing the course of v
Charleston Mercury. Yet we think it noiv trr
magnanimous for so many to chime in and j.
sail so unsparingly a paper thus stand in "01*.
and to inflict blows that diey knowcannotk
separately retorted by reason of their p e . t
number. The Mercury has its own indent I
dent views, and chooses to express them ini; I
penderitly. It has always borne a high dar I
acter for speaking out its honest opinions
We were among the first to protest against a J
doubts and misgivings of the administrate I
But the virulence of the universal assaults» I
on it, 1ms suggested a doubt with us of the» f
licy of the attempts to drown by clamour iI
voice which is raised in so good a cause. I-, f
the cause of free trade, free trade as dsfr.
guished from vexatious commercial restrictia j
a revenue tariff for protection. The zeal uil
fidelity of the Mercury on this subject, ait»|
questionable. Much may then be allowedkI
an anxiety and apprehension which tbc nvl
odds to becontended against, are apt to Lr;J
We all know how powerful are tli ■
and political interests banded together toil
feat all reasonable modifications of the TsriI
We have seen what these iniercs's h*|
achieved over light, reason and justice; all
there may be too sanguine a re] a nee
power of the administration tobrcakil ' |
outrageous system of monopoly, wliicli k|
made the legislation of this great country tr J
tary to its designs.
The battle has yet to be fought in Cobjb
and the lessons of the past, m iy well insjxn:j
cautious man vvitli apprehension. Wie
yet find that the Mercury was a Prnplut jil
not a mere croaker, and it will be no co'i.J"
tion to reflect up"ii the luvishness ofourcrcj
lit v after the mischief is done.
Wc have never understood the Mere:" j
charge the President with duplicity on the - I
je cl, but simply to express the belief tin
surrounded and trammelled bv tariff
ces, that he could not break through, horn
anxious to. do so, and that the tar-If party i.
yet triumph over the best wishes of the Sr
the administration, and the long dof-mdr
of the south. If the Mercury should Ii:;
find itself mistaken, we aie sure,
sooner acknowledge the errm, or rejoicei
more in the result.
Perhaps the coolest piece of imp:
which has been the fruit ofthe recent i
is the position assumed by the whigs, tb.ri
democratic majority will not dare to opp r j
election of United States Senator al t y |
pronching session.
They protested that the late election-' J
more to do with, national politics, nr Judgd
l ien’s pretensions than with the Chinese »-
Now they say that this was one of tlie-■
and that Judge Berrien’s claims have beesp
ed upon.
Weir, we contend that the people of
- gia have sent a majority to the Senate eft”'
gia, wiio are bound to declare, and mil -
that neither Judge Benien,*no» any od**
calling himself a whig, can represent thep
of Georgia in the United States Senate-
4'o defeat an election, the democrats -'
have to resort to the coutse pursued by Ay
J. Miller, and the other whig Senaton i‘
Legislature of 1840. Tliev turned cq
marched in a body, out of the Senate c ' :: 1
to defeat) the motion of Mr. Echols. Th
a motion to lay the resolution of Mr. C !
go into an election of Senator, on the"
the balance of the session. The mo' 0 '”
have been carried, but for the withdraw:
Miller and his patriotic law-abiding Ct ”
Tho democrats will be driven to nO' .J
tremity. They will only have to
in their places, and vote down every rr *
which may be offered, to go into an ck-*
This they will undoubtedly do, and 11 j
date whom the whigs can offer from fj’ ' .
will be sufficiently enticing to tempt the
their position.
In 1847 under the new apportion 1 **j
gislature will send a Senator who will ’
present the people of Georgia in t“ e
councils. —Ibid.
Atmospheric Railway-— f
Croydon lAne.—Experiments
interesting principle, which bids ft-
turn nil our jwe-conceivcd id® 85 ” n
travelling, were made last week,in * 15 ^
of Mr. Wilkinson, ehainaan of t
and several of the directors. Mr-
before, directed the proceeding 8 - )k . .
there were five carriages attached to ■
• I O , . 'b 1
carriage, the aggregate wt-igm- u ^ A
probablyi thirty tons. The first • ■ 4
was from Croydon to the £>;irtm° u " |
but, from some m. : suuderstaiid‘ n S S3 , ,
one of die stationary engines "' as nC ",
into action ; and the vacuum , ,
tube was, in consequence, imp er!e j3 j
oped. The speed attained, howm^
equal to that usunlly adopted m
ofthe locomotive lines, being o n
30 miles an hour. On the return jifi
sjK-ed was attained, the baromftc- .
indicating above 21 inches, or ■
niospheric pressure on the fguare ^
piston. 'I here was no stojpmir “
intermediate stations, and V e ‘ ,a ^ r i«
tunity of judging of the sp 6 ® :m
obtained. The distancr of 5
03
the a