Newspaper Page Text
B
^orgiitCtkgrHjil
the pric* of tUi 5»r- r will
ucH?ummt «um ^p^ilL 07r \ r
»*£*£ t« b «3e*52P?3ft5
f Ui* J*ff" Are „t. Two Dollars aid a. Half
Br^taeverr esse, without «oept. ,,, to
Km^ggi eoraraiseions.
rVtv the TsLtanxTK to now eubecrib***
P v^’°P* niia With Ca,k%
T should bo particular to direct m
Persons writing to the
R»<jL M ph' t in Macon, should so write.
|-' 1 will the letters designed for tbe
T ** T SffS 6° direct'/ to their place of des-
VOL. XXXII
«■£ Stream of Death.
\, stream whose narrow tide,
>**" . and unknown worlds divide,
rnm l3< Where all roust go;
•V ■■ waters dark and deep,
H^B>’Lu„ silence downward sweep,
With moanlesa flow.
fbM c at that dreary flood
I lire infant prattling stood,
i< aJUb Whose hour had come;
■ it, life; it neared the tide,
u u cradled rest, and died,
S* hike going home.
, r i with languid eye anon,
jyeased, and pale and wan;
L 1 * 5 "’ .tad there alone,
.ad upon the leaden stream,
3 *- f L rt d to plunge—I heard a scream,
And he was gone.
iikfa a form in manhood’s strength
ibwlSsgoo* till there at length
■ J5 '' " ]le saw life’s bound;
L -uk. sad raiso.1 the bitterprayer
' w-Yii shriek of wild despair
p 5 *' 1 The waters drowned.
on stood upon that surgclcss shore,
. towed with many a score
II 4 Of toilsome years,
- -s bound and sad he left the bank,
, a rned his dimming eye, and sank,
• J ' ‘ Ah! full of years.
e, f bitter must thy waters be,
" pfjth! How hard a thing, ah me!
*’ It is to die!
I , .(—when to that stream again,
wither child of mortal roan
With smiles drew nigh.
-Tit the last pang,” lie calmly said,
-‘a me 0 Death; thou hast no dread—
1 Saviour, I come!
. ad but thine arms on yonder shore—
i rt :_re waters bear rao o’er;
‘ There is my Lome!”
'Governor’s Message.
executive DEPARTMENT, )
liiUMsviuK, G*., Nov. 6th, 1857. j
:,:,ns of . ; ■ .
U Smote and House of Representatives :
jftit it uot a mere matter ol form, that I am
4H tbe Constitution, to address to you this
i/.jj. Charged, as 1 hare been, for tbo last
fT- with tbe administration of the State Gov.
. the execution of its laws, experience has
. uc grave responsibility of the Executive
' Familiar es I bare learned to be with the con*
he itsoirces, ibe wants and prospects of tbo
Tina 1 bare some appreciation of the duties of
Eattmand °f Hie momentous oonseqneDOoe that
Li* jeer deliberation*. You bold iu your hands
r.- nu and weal of a great State; great, in tbe
LibA here sigoaliaeaber past progress; great,
K dowels of wealth and power; great, iu the
IgeriltiatioD, which her intelligence and enter-
Lyi ichiered: and greater still, in the proud
t ihit await* her, if we prove true to ourselves
tsimoa committed to us. Inspired with the
( ;. :i iiiim, may wisdom guide your delibera-
L.l the accomplishment o( “ tbe greatest good to
[v.-w number crown all your actions.
Bhn bet little to do with the past, save to aero*
V induct ol your public servant', and hold
Etiitncl account for their stewardship. It is
MWittik to look to tbe future, and provide for
Med circumstances which it mar dovelope.
1 : v.:.ce to aid you, by such reflections and
jiau tny favorable position for observation,
l : j to commend to your consideration.
Vrh naturally arranges itaelf into two gene*
Ban Ten most have correct information of the
I asm of the Commonwealth; you ought to
V e conceptions of its wants. To the best of
Mi ability, I will address mjaeU to these two
annccincily at possible.
Revenue, Ac.
lint th transmit tbe Report of tbe Finance Com-
L- Rioted by the Executive, under legal author
mtbickyoa will learn tbo financial uporotions
tf rctnrnt, for tbeyear 1836, together with tbe
na.ii tbe lime of their investigation, of tbe
wt." the “ Penitentiary,’’ the “ Western and
caul Road,” the ''Lunette Asylum,” the * Aiy-
Ihae Deaf and Dumb,” and the “Georgia Acad-
licit Blind.” 1 also treusmit tbe Report of ibe
ce, (or the financial years 1856 and 185T, from
tiippcarttbat tbe available balance, on tbe 20th
a ns (55,717,66. All tbe liabilities of tbe State
ktnproopdy met Atthecloseof the last lis
I v.tic public debt was tf 2.6:'.2,722,--2. The Bonds
andrr the act of December, 1845, to extend the
nud Atlantic Rail Road, (in amount, $l45 r
tire all been redeemed—9106,000,00 since tbe
»-* of the General Assembly—by funds remit-
■ it Treasury, by the Road, under the 6U> Sec-
IdSeKlof 12th of January 1354. I suggest tbe
['-•-if reinstaiiig ihe sinking fund of $75,000,
I" Ged br Ihe act of February 11th, 1351, to be
[ft uanally for the reduction of tbe Public
srfjmt* to the Report of the Comptroller Gene-
.’-.•A transmitted, you will find several ameud-
'iwnineeded to be made to tbe Tax Laws, to
■'■W again enumerating them, I invito your
cratioa. Many of them are suggested br ex*
“4 are necessary for the collection of all tbe
»d* existing lawi; others by tbe principles
*,*PpHeeUe to the eutijecta to which they ro*
Ijywdnl to the Report of this officer, in con
j* Etreutive instruction, you will find sebed-
« u the Taxable property, ns returned by the
a Ltriren of Returns for the present year. -
* '““•re very interesting and|hnportant;’abow-
•'I’Mjeritjand ineressing wealth of the State,
a »fe guide to tbe General Assembly,
rtlortito equalize the burden of Taxation up-
You will discover the great disparity.
VJ./liich is affixed to Ihe several species of
» the aertral counties, by the Tax payers.—
*«*? Mgroes at 8100 lets than others, and
E5j7** •djeeeot. and in tbe same counties,
|: ® Tw figure than their neighbors; It would be
L *>«* ‘“'o the expediency of fixing bylaw.
C£« # r tbe Legicleture, the average value of
t ■ ' tie mining year, with tbe view of uniform-
V" 4 "** which slave owners ore required to
LJjw 1 Ihe government. It is well known that
■ * * ,e °wnsd in South Weetarn end
r.“'w.rgu, by individuals who have granted
naaoainal a Ura> under our reverting laws.—
teeir returns to the receivers, in many in-
J7.™* them at only, or a little more than,
,-V, “ Dtaut Fees; whereas, those etmo per
is Hi r 01 ** 1 " >e if land* thus held, for tim, twew*
li-. i 1 ®** that gum. It would bo proper, if
» ***5 *° ma law, by which snob landj
dhtoL 05 ” xccordiug to tbeir real vatue. In-
i***ta«laatioo ot the tables under conside-
|a,,L? 04T " D N that many persons have return-
ivwTw i r '* 0 ^* * n< f uegmes at valuations
I—i . “W, eomiwred with tbe prices for
-l P"’P er, T rvudilv sella at public sales. I
would nut be proper and just, in all
mTt provision for assessors to be ap-
“xtanee of tbe Receivers, to appraise j
* returned at an estimate, known
such prop-
r. TuoiT, ? Ter *f® market price of
J~* , *h? u la be equal, and every citizen
I proportion of the burden of
C« a '■fPortanee. I throw out these
| *'W» ltal nb]^. rie,r °' * lieithe such action as
p,<*JL OM * n * ed Ba » ks *
frotp^ritv end remunerating prices
[' ! , or Agncullure, our Banks have gene-
►xnJjjT™ *P«ie payments, resulting io pentak
4ia,','I?’.*®; general stagnation in commerce,
r *4the " ltGcnw al Assembly was so near at
raidfctf”K D5 * on seemed to be necessary, ns a
r Wei in ..v 1 ®® •s** 0 * 1 ihe heart flreJtai iadi
RlttaJSW the demand for "specie, at ihe
F-Xth— y 1 u prudent to withhold uny action n-
'*>di b / *» w . “milthe Legislature,
He opportunity of .ieliberat-
“ r -,»ad directing wbat ecorso ought
r 1 therefore submit this
*t Z.:, conridcration ; and to enable
¥* it *• h ®Wwilb f transmit to.voa CO-
tgtoai^.ywttaofthevsrinwsli.iak' J 0SOS>
puiTi T.'for condition,roads in pursuance of
It is gratifying that thc.-e
their solvency. Will you
■ ! “'I dull L?* 100 sud fix a day, in tbe future,
P’Jh.*^|JV’*®«especie pawmentaf Aeegrnj*
I nieddieas littlepossible with
r’w nJ~* tyuntry. Tbe laws of trade r.gu-
T, «w of the crisis that is upon
P^tiiisj/* 'V*! with tbe interest' ot Agricnl-
Vfk, WicJ2.°V* U productions, it would seem to
C rtMoea “*? •ospeusion, iu ntcu-nce U) all
*5 I * h r °P° n . examination, bhall
*k®d«? t V 8o,Te,lt It is not only leMli-
^ZiSwSi^^WUUutre. to Investigate
PhqSi^JWepof the Hanks; to iostitute a
j : ii .... ,i irmode ol transacting bu-ine-s
C* 1 tX-l^L 411 the powers Situ to sending (or
C* »h«f!r^ , ~wllich in ,v be -ie.-ess.irv. to as-
,u, *o their
bare
i:lined tin
_ _ HBBL whether
[ , ' >i"u u!.ititn»> by pliu:injf their
, K il" ?!iaro Souliiero paper, at u
I - 'c l’/*£**7OUiit manner, dcpuited from
[ : ‘-Bfilfy »L r^ted by tlieir Charter?'. Jt ia due
I • • * l a lull exposition be made; it is the
only manner in which the public can bo protected. If
such abuses shall be detected, let the Legislature, in
granting them tolerance in their present predicament,
put them upon terms which will prevent their recur
rence for the future.
State Itonil.
I submit the annual Reports of the Superintendent
of tbo \\ estern and Atlantic Rail Road (or the years
1 - ( o and 1857. They exhibit this great State work to
be in a prosperous condition, and just -upon the eve of
realizing the expectations in which it originated. They
leave me but little to add, fo enable vou to understand
its operations and judge of the fidelity of its manage
ment, Its gross earnings from the 80th September,
1858, to t ho 80th of September, 1857, which covers the
four years of my administration, have been $3,052,260,*
82. Tbe working expenses of the Road, for the same
period, bare been $1,724,843,81. How has this large
amount of net profits been disposed off Has it been
squandered or applied to necessrgy expenditures *-*
These are questions which should be answered to the
satisfaction of the people, and when thus answered,
the senseless clamor which is raised against tbe man
agement of fbe Road, for meris decency’s sake, ought
to cease. Then sec bow tbe account stands.
Net earnings for four years ; ,$I, 724,849, 81
Net earnings were disposed-of as follows,
to-wit, for 1854; ■ f \
Paid Stale Treasarer.. $50,000,00
“ Interest on Bonds 11,906,90
“ for new Locomotives 24,211,65
“ “ Cars 68,590,57
“ “ Buildings 102,727,78
" “ Construction, new
Track and Iron, A Right
of Way, ..80,696,21
fob 1855.
Paid StateTrcasurer. $100,000,00
“ Interest on Bonds 15.536,80
“ for new Locomotives,....29,058,50
“ “ Cars ....44,141,81
“ “ Depot Buildings,.. 18,290,09
“ “ Construction, new
Track and Iron, &Riebt
of Way, 236,025.58
fob 1S56.
Paid Stato Treasurer, $ 43,500,00
" Interest on Bonds 9,145,00
“ for new Locomotives,... 92,188,48
“ " Cars, 114,082,05
“ “ Depot Buildings,. 42,988,90
" “ Construction, Iron
Ritjls and New Track,..122,830,04
“ for expenses incurred pro*
vious to Jan. 1854, Ten*
nessee claims 67,931,21
fob 1857.
Paid State Treasurer,...... .$100,000,00
“ Interest on Bonds, .7,263,65
" for new Engines 107,752,73
“ “ Cars, 97,852,16
“ “ Depot Buildings..52,062,96
“ “ Construction, iron
Rails, New Track 100,047,91-11,722,849,81
Whether these expenditures were proper, is left for
fair minded men to determine. They at least, seem
suited to the enterprise, and cannot be considered un
reasonable, when it is recollected that the Road is not
even yet completed and thoroughly equipped for the
annually increasing business, it is compelled to accom
modate. At all events, it will scarcely be asserted by
any, having a due regard to veracitv, that the money
has been either stolen or wasted. But these heavy ex-
K nditures will not be required, hereafter. The time
• come lor tbe patiencu of tbe friends of the Road to
have iu reward. I fully concur with the Superinten
dent, that henceforth, under proper management, it
will pay into tbe State Treasury $350,006, annually.
It may be suggested, however, that tbe mismanage
ment is not in tbe application of the net earnings, but
in tbe expenses of maintaining and working the Blood.
Let us see how the State Read compares in this re
spect with other Roads in tbe State—what proportion
tbe current expenses bear to the gross earnings. Tbe
gross earnings ol the Georgia Kail Road lor the last
four years, were $4,016,846,14; tbe expenses for work
ing and maintaining it, for the seme period, were $1,*
843,617.02, or about 45 per cent. Tbe gross earnings
ot the Macon and Western Iload, ior the four years,
from December, 1852, to December, 1856, were $1,290,-
445,0C, or 50j< percent. The gross earnings of the
Central Rail Road, including the line from Cordon to
Estonton, from December 1st, 1858, to December 1st.
1856, and tbo line from Millen to Augusta, to the let; of
January, 1856, were $4,697,269,63; and tbe current ex
penses, for tbe same period, were 2,219,043,17, or 47X
per cent These are confessedly tbe best managed
Company Roads in Georgia. But"the Western and At
lantia Rail Road compares favorably with them, in re
ference to the point under consideration. Its gross
earnings for tbe last four years, are $3,054,460,82, and
its working expenses, for the same period, $1,329,411,-
61, or a little less than 43V percent. Itwonld seem
that the country might utf.mi to be satisfied, if tbe
State Road be managed as cheaply as those of private
Companies. Certainly, the tact ia worthy of conside
ration, when its administration is branded with cor
ruption and mismanagement.
Main Trunk, Ac.
The Atlantic and Gull Roil Road Company, charter
ed bv the last Legislature, baa been duly organized.
Tbe Board of Commissioners, designated in the Char
ter, met in Millcdgoville on the Slat March 1856, and
made tbe necesaaty arrangements for opening books of
subscription for atockat Milledgcville, and sundry
other points in tbe Slate. On the 23d day or October
1856, six of the said Commissioners submitted tome,
a list of subscribers, showing subscriptions to the
amount ol six handled thousand dollars, and the am
ount subscribed by each, attested by their affidavit,
that the subscribers so reported, will be fully able to
pay up the sums subscribed by them and that tbe sub
scriptions were bona fide. Whereupon, on the 26th of
October, 1856, by virtue of the 2d. section of tbe Act
of Incorporation, I subscribed for stock, to Ibe extent
of $500,000,00 in tbe name ol the Slate of Georgia, and
caused the subscription list to be deposited in tbe of
fice of tbe Comptroller General Oa the same day,
Ihe sum of $1,106,000,00, being subscribed, 1 issued
an order, as directed by tbe third section of tbe Act of
Incorporation, for an election of uiue Directors, to be
held in Milledgcville, on tbe 4th day ol December,
I860, under the superintendence of the Commission
ers. They met accordingly, and elected James 1*. Seri-
von, William B. Hodgson, J. Stoddard, Hiram Rob
erts, W. A. Long, Cbailcs J. Munnerlyn, J. It. Stap
ler, A. T. McIntyre, aud K. R. Young as a Board of
Directors, wbo elected James 1\ Scriven tbeir Fresi-
(JfQte
To enable the Legislature to understand clearly the
condition of this important enterprise, iu which the
Stale has liberally embarked, by subscribing for one
million of iu slock. I herewith transmit a communi
cation from James P. Scriven its Fre.-idint, with the
accompanying documents to which he refers. The
fifth section of the act ot Incorporation provides that
"no payment shall be made by tbe State until tbe Sa-
vannab, Albany and Gulf Bail Road Company and
the 'Brunswick and Florida Rail Road Company shall
have relinquished any right which either of said Com
panies have or claim to interfere with the location of
said Road, on account of any privileges granted in the
charter of either of them.” Such relinquishments have
not been executed and therefore the enterprise cannot
move forward. Tbe documents referred to contain the
fruitless negotiations, between tbe parties in interest,
touching the relinquishments required : and by care
ful examination, you will be enabled to determine
ho, if any one, is to blame for (heir failure. Tbe in
tention of Georgia is declared in tbe Charter to be “to
provide a main trunk ncross her temtoty. connecting
ihe Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico.” Tbe object is
worthy of a great State, and so important to her south
ern station, that I trust it may not bo defeated, at-d
that, in your wisdom, you will take such further ac
tion in the premises, as will secure its accomplishment.
State Aid.
On the subject of State aid to works of Internal ias-
irovemeaC 1 hare nothing to add to what I said in my
last biennial message. In lew words, my view of sound
and sale policy, confirmed by mature reflection, is
this- Georgia occupies the gap between tho southern
spur of the Alleghany mountains and the Atlantic. At
an immense cost, she has constructed the Western and
Atlantic Bail load, which taps tho great west, at
Chattanooga, aflerdB transportation for its products to
the see board, and feeds the various roads which con
nect with its southern terminus at Atlanta. In char
tering new rail roads, the legislature should never lose
sight of the policy of protecting her State Road from
ruinous competition ; she should be careful, not to crip
ple the efficiency of company roads, which hare been
built by private capital; she ahoutd preserve the win*
melry of our system of loteraa! Improvement# «o that
in ita further development end growth to maturity, It
shall ns a primary object, promoteher own wealth and
the prosperity ol her mwus and seaport. Augusta, Sa
vannah and Brunswick, are the three points of com
merce at which tbo productions of our agriculture
must find Iheir market aud thvir door of exit to the
marls of the world. Tbe perfection of our Internal
Improvement.system, as well as the interests of agri
culture requires that each of these commercial pomta
■shall he connected, as directlv as possible, with each
section of the Stale, s > th it uil our ; • qde may enjoy a
C boio«ot markets lor the sale of tbujr pr.sluce. The
Suite may aid in the construction of lines or road pro*
ii'cied in reference to such connections, upon puaran-
■lies of security, that prevent the possibility of Ultimate
Ls. Beyond this, she, ought not to go. As to be
mode in which she Should extend her aid, I prefor u
loin of her credit, lor u given amount, per mill, ton
IO. I1 Ol oc . O, t | le !l)r , nor method, she
rely upon the success and prohts i i he , .
In chartering the At'anticimd Gull KoaJ, the...st It*
istature s.-emed to tavnr the policy ol taking stock, n.
aid ot ihat work. I sanctioned the bill, not that,I iq*-
proved of that feature, but because it j i so c.v*i
within the principle ol the policy, in reference to State
aid, which 1 advocate, and the road itself is of suco
immediate and paramount necessity to the southern
portion of Georgia, that I deemed it better to yield my
scruples on that score, than to defeat the noble enter
prise.
Pcnitcutinry.
I refer you (o the report of the Princioal Kecjcr for
information, ns to tbo condition of tho i enitentiary.—
Since the first of January last, tho cash system has
been rigidly enforced, with results that fully justify it.
I renew tbo recommendation to enlarge and repair
thoroughly the buildings, or remove the Institution to
somo other point, at which material can be purchased
cheaper and the convicts, worked more profitably. In
ita present condition, it is disreputable, to the State,
nnsafe and insecure as a place of imprisonment, and
utterly incapable of being mado to answer tho purpose
for which it was designed.
I.imafic Asylum, Ac.
I submit the biennial report of the Trustees, Sopcr-
intendant and Resident Physician of the Lunatic Asy
lum. That institution is among tbe most important
enterprises in which the State has ever embarked ; an
honor to her philanthropy nud liberality. The energy,
seal and adantodness of the Resident Physician to the
duties of bis post entitle him to the warmest commen
dation and confidence. As an act of mere justice his
salary should be increased.
The extension of the building is progressing rapidly
to completion. I transmit the report of the building
commissioners, showing their disbursements of the ap
propriation made by the last legislature. Upon ex
amination, yon will "find, that tbo nmonnt will not be
sufficient to pay the contractors. The deficit will be
$P ,000.- I recommend an immediate nppropration of
that sum, in order to prevent delay, loss to tbe con
tractors and serious detriment to the interest of the
State.
This amount will complete the edifice; but addition'
ol appropriations will be necessary to lit it up, for tbe
use intended. Itis constructed upon tbe most approv
ed plan, with all tbe fixtures and apparatus which ex
perience has demonstrated to bo best adapted to tbe
accommodation of snch inmates, and in tbe end, most
economical The beating, ventilating and cooking ap
paratus and wash bouse, will require $43,500,00. The
Engine House, chimney, well, airducts, Ac., will re
quire $18,000,00. These fixtures are absolutely indis
pensable. Tbe Gas works, complete, for lighting the
building will require $4,600,00. To alter, improve,
borer and plaster with Mastic tbe old, to correspond
with Ibe new building, will require $7,500,00. The
<Vgrfgite °f these epnropriations will be but $48,-
GOO.OO. Tbe report m the Buildiog Commissioners
will exhibit more fully these items and tho reasons for
tbeir necessity. I cannot doubt but tbo means will
be promptly anpplieiL Tbe Legislature has never dis
bursed money Irom the treasury which reflects so much
credit upon the Statu. It awakens tbe pride of every
liber alniinded Georgian, and what is better still, it gives
a retreat of comfort to tbe poor victims of affliction who,
by a mysterious Providence, have been deprived of
reasoo, and affords a hope of tbeir restoration to tbeir
families and to society.
In this connection, it is submitted, that a reasonable
amount should be appropriated for tbe compensation ol
tbe Building Commissioners. They have been engag
ed three years, in this service; tbeir duties have ueeu
responsible and they have performed them faithfully
ami economically.
Tbe claims ol the “Academy for the Blind” and of
tbe “ Georgia Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb,” will
be laid before you by tbeir respective reports herewith
submitted. I cordially commend these benevolent lo-
stitutions to your fostering care.
Slate Survey.
Under tbe direction of the last General Assembly,
providing for the survey of the Okefenokee Swamp,
and for other purposes, I appointed Richard L. Hunter,
Civil Engineer, to perform the service'rcquired by that
•el. Tbe undertaking was arduous and bazzardous,
and has required his continued labor from the 3rd of
December, 1856, to the present time. Four months of
the time were spent in the work of actual survey. Tbe
expenses of the survey, including cost of tbe scientific
analysis of specimens of soil, were $4,780 51, and paid
ont of tbe Contingent Fund; and he bis received from
the same fund. In part payment for his services, the
sum of $479 49. i herewith transmit tbe report oi the
Civil Engineer, and looking to the bazzard, the labor,
tbe time consumed and tbe scientific skill required, I
express tbe opinion, tbs', he should received tbe addi
tional sum of $3,500, as compensation for bis servioes.
Capifol and Executive Mansion
The last General Assembly appropriated $7,5u0 for
repairing the State House, and $5,000 for repairing the
Executive Mansion. Finding these sums wholly inade
quate for the purpose designed, and that itwonld be al
most lost to tbe State, without tbe use of a huger sum,
I did not hesitate to draw upon the Contingent Fund
fur the deficit. By so doing, tbe repairs, as foi as they
;o, are substantial, and the Public Buildings are in
air condition. Tbe aggregate sum expropriated was
$12,500; the amount expended is $15,394 81. The
vouchers for tbe various sums paid out, are tiled iu the
Executive office, subject to your inspection. It should
be observed, that a port of this expenditure is not pro
perly chargeable to repairs. In November, 1855, toe
stables, carriage bouse, bathing room and poultry bouse,
attached to tbe Mansion yard, were consumed"by fire.
Tbese bad to be supplied by new bnildiogs, so that not
more than $5,000 bare been expended, in repairs pro-
K r, to tbo Executive dwelling. No appropriation will
required to pay lor the excess or cost of repairs over
and above tbe appropriation. Considerable new furni
ture for tbe Mansion, tbo Legislative Halls, and the
several Executive Departments was indispensable.—
This I have purchased and you should make an appro-
prialiou to pay tbe bills. I bare bad thdpublic square
S raded and enclosed with a substantial new fence.—
at tbe cost to the State is insignificant. The Peniten
tiary being overcrowded with convicts, who could not
be profitably employed within ita walls, this portion of
the work has been performed by them. I trust it will
meet tbe sanction oi tbe Legislature. Tbe condition of
the public buildings is now snch, that an annual appro
priation of $250 00, together with such work, as can be
conveniently done by the convicts, under tbe direction
of tbe Governor, will preserve them, in good keeping
for an indefinite period. 1 recommend such an appro
priation.
I renew tbe recommendation to remove the Arsenal,
and, upon proper compensation to tbe respective de
nominations, tbe removal also of tbe Churches from
the public square. These structures are real eyesores,
and will always be an obstacle to its permanent aud
tastelul ornament.
You will learn by painfnl experience that the Legisla
tive Halls are too small for the comfortable accommoda
tion of tbe Legislature. 1 renew the recommendation
to enlarge the State House, according to tbe plan sub
mitted, by Messrs. Sboll and Fay. to Ibe last General
Assembly.
1 recommend the repeal of the Act ofMarch 4th, 1856,
which requires the Stato Printer to report and to fur
nish daily, to each Senator and Representative, a re
port of tbe proceedings of the General Assembly. That
offieer has mode no preparation to execute this service.
He is entitled lo a vote of thanks for it. Itwill cost the
State not leas than $60,000; an amount far beyond any
benefit that may accrue to tbe pablic interest.
The State Library is gradually increasing in tho
number and value of its collections, under tho annu
al appropriations wisely set apart for that purpose.
I herewith transmit a catalogue of the Books it con
tains, and respectfully recommend an increase of the
salary of tbe Librarian.
Tbe last General Assembly, bv an Act approved
March 3d, 1856, authorised the Governor “to employ
a competent Surveyor, and have surveyed and sold, a
raeant square of land in the City of Columbus, as the
property of the Slate. James H. Hamilton, Esq.,
was duly appointed to perform this service, but be
ing enjoined by tho Mayor and Council, claiming it
as tbe property of tbe city, I directed him to obtain
a continnanco of tbe canse, until the meeting of tbe
Legislature, in order, that tbe title might be investi
gated, and, if possible, save the expense of further
fiti^ation. 1 therefore iuvite your attention to this
subject
It is ascertained, that tbe Great Seal of the State
has been counterfeited and that forged Grants of
lands in Georgia, are extant, authenticated by such
seals. This, together with the fact, that the Seal is
stamped upon wax aud attached by tape to Granta
and other documents requiring such authentication,
is cumbersome and inconvenient, and easily imita
ted, vnggesta tbe propriety of dispensing with the
wax-ball, and so altering it, that tbe impression may
bo mado on the paper.
I call special attention'to the condition of tbe Nu
merical Land Books, in the Executive Department.
They are valuable to the State and indispensable for
the investigation of titles. But they are in a state of
ruinous mutilation; the bindings broken, and many
pages entirely worn ont or lost, so that they are in-
enpable of being repaired. Several of them have
been copied in elegant style, and when the work
shall have been fully completed »nd compared, un
der tho snptrinteudanee of tho Governor, I w ould
recommend that lie be aiitborired to allow such
"compensation forthem as he may consider adequate.
Executive and Judicial Salaries.
I would respectfully, but earnestly impress upon
the Le"UUture the justice of increasing tho salaries
of Judicial and Executive otlicers. They were fixed
nt a tiino of low prices. Now tbe expenses of living
are, at least fifty per cent, greater thau they were
tn-n. 1 h.- 1 . ..I 111. -.- iiiii«-1i•».inn. -- arc on.-rnus
They occupy tbeir whole time, and for tbeir efficient
performance, require experience and cultivated
min i. Is it right, that their compensation should
afford but a meagre subsistence for their famues
1 hone I shall bo pardoned forrt-lcrring specially to
tbe Governor's salary. X can speak of it from ex-
1 being about to retire, without the im-
liishness. I know that with the utmost
npatible with tolerable geutiBtv, lie
than $5000 00 annually. I.ook-
i left
Is this just 7 Is it sound policy 7 Is it reputable to
the character of Georgia, with a taxablo wealth of
six hundred millions 7 Reflect upon tho expenses
of the Clerkships of the two houses of the legisla
ture. They swell to the enormous sum of 835,000 oo
equal to two-thirds of your appropriations for tho
“Civil Establishment.” A suitable and much need
ed retrenchment, in this single item, would enable
you to pay adequate salaries to your Judicial and
Executive officers. I snbmit these suggestions to
your enlightened sense of justice.
Georgia, aud Florida Boundary.
In mv last biennial message, I called the attention
of the General Assembly to a proposition, from the
Governor of Florida, to suspend the suit in the Su
preme Court of the United States, in relation to the
boundary line between that State and this, with the
view of endeavoring to settle the controversy by ne
gotiation, and asked them “to adopt such measures
as would enable the negotiation to be entered upon.’ ’
But the Legislature adjourned without taking any
action on the subject. 1 therefore felt it ray duty,
knowing the friendly disposition of Georgia towards
Florida, to open a correspondence with tho Govern
or oi the latter State, which resulted in a proposition
by Governor Broome, “to adopt tho terminal points
of the present recognised line as the true terminal
points of the boundary line, to be re-surveyed, cor
rected and marked, provided it is shown by either
party that tbe present line is incorrect.” 1 accept
ed the proposition in the following words: “Of
coarse my acceptance of your proposition can have
no force, until ratified by the Legislature of Geoqpa.
So far, however, as I am authorized, I accept it.—
But I have no power to appoint a surveyor, nor ap
propriation to defray tho expense of resurvey. But
the Legislature of Georgia wilt convene on tbe first
of November, and 1 will submit tbe wholo subject,
with our correspondence, and cheerfully recommend
them to tako such action, as will enable my succes
sor to bring tho matter to a final termination. I en
tertain no donbt but tho Legislature will promptly
do so.” It is proper to observo that the Governor
of Florida, although content with its terminal points,
is of the opinion that tbo present recognized lino is
imperfectly surveyed, and marked, und crooked.—
All that this proposition contemplates, besides
agreeing to the terminal points is, that that line
snail be re-surveyed and re-marked, provided it
shall be shewn by either party that it is imperfect.
If true, it is the interest of both States, that the line
should be correctly run, and well defined ; and as
Georgia is acting entirely on the defensive, not
wishing to enlarge her territory at tho expense of
Florida, I promptly accepted the proposed basis of
settlement and respectfully submit tho same for your
consideration. It is but justice to say, that through
out tlie entire correspondence, the Governor of
Florida, exhibited tbe most amicable spirit and the
utmost respect for the feelings and rights of this
State, all of which was most cordially reciprocated
on my part.
Geological Survey.
Without entering into the argument, I ro new the
recommendation, for a Geological survey of the
State, so imperatively demanded by its vast unde
veloped agricultural and mineral resources. The
expense of such a work is alisolutely insignificant,
compared with its beneficial results. Will the Le
gislature continue to refuse encouragement for the
improvement of the soil 7 Shall we never see the
day when science shall direct the enterprise of the
husbandman, and explore tbe treasures of our moun
tains 7
pent'
putati.
fi
ll tlieJudg...
put
iilcr defraying tlieir travelling expel
i,-r our juiblio lueu, allured by ill
-’ederal offices, turn away from those of the State.—
No won-
attractions of
TItc Militia.
The necessity of revising and amending tho Mili
tia laws, so as to render them efficient, for the pur
pose designed, has so often been presented to the
General Assembly, without eliciting favorable ac
tion, that I feel as if I am obtruding upon your con
sideration an unwelcome theme, by renewing the
subject. But such, in tbe judgment of tho Kxlcu-
tive, is the magnitude and importance of tho object,
that I venture again to iuvite special attention toil
The military power is the right arm of the govern
ment. Wo depend upon it to enforce the civil laws
of the land, if resisted by numbers sufficient to re
quire its interposition, to crush insurrection and re
pel invasion. A standing army is repugnant to the
character of our government, and therefore a citizen
soldery is our only reliance, for ail tho emergencies
which may call for tlie employment < f military force.
Aro our liberties worth preserving ? Are our civil
rights aud institutions sufficiently valuablo to be
maintained and defended 7 Ours being tbo only
government on earth that recognises the equality
and sovereignty of the people, it is despised by des
pots, wbo watch with hopetul anxiety, the opportuni
ty for successful assault, and with evident gratifica
tion, every symptom of fatal civil discord. Can it
be expected then, that we are to enjoy a perpetual
reign of peace and that our career to greatness and
renown will be unimpeded by the shock and ca
lamities of war 7 Our territory stretches from the
Atlantic to the Pacific, and from Lake Superior to
the Uult of Mexico. Oar population is increasing
with unexampled rapidity, our interests aro diversi
fied and conflicting, the social institutions of the
South differ from tiiose of the North and they are
relentlessly assailed by tho Abolitionists, whose pol
icy, if triumphaut, will drive us from tne Union, or
to tbe more terrible degradation of submission to
their aggressions. Shall wo lie supinely upon our
backs aud “bug the delusive phantom” of peace and
fraternity 7 Shall we make no preparation for sett-
defeuce and self-preservation, when every year
brings nearer to our doors tho assassin and tho iu-
ccndiaiy 7 I am sufficiently bopefnt of the future.
I would not sketch exaggerated pictures of our pros
pect. I would uot too readily anticipate tho hor
rors of the storm and the tempest. But ifhistonr be
true, tbe past leads us to expect difficulties and tho
voice of patriotism aud wiedom admonishes us to
prepare for them. Even now, our political horizon
is draped in clouds, and tho deep muttcrings of dis
content are heard, from one extreme to tbe other of
tho Union. Sooner than we suppose, we may be
forced to defend our rights and honor by tbe cour
age of our people and the strength of our arms. Are
we ready 7 On tbe contrary, wo linvo almost no or
ganised military force. Our militia laws ore disre
garded. Scarcely a district in the Stjde is property
officered. Our people are unarmed and untaught in
the art of war. The effective military strength of
tho State is not and cannot be ascertained, under
existing laws. I respectfully submit to the Legisla
ture, whether this stato of tbfugs ought to be permit
ted longer to exist 7 Is it compatible with tho hon
or and dignity of the State 7 Is it not fearfully haz
ardous to our safety within and from without 7 Is
it not, in troth, an invitation for aggression 7 What
is the remedy 7 We mast have a thorough militia
organization, with such regulations, as will render
tlie system capable of enforcement. We must have
a sufficient number of men traiued in military tac
tics to officer tho forces of tho State. The Georgia
Military Institute (whose report is herewith submit
ted,) is rapidly supplying this disideraium, and there
fore, it should bo fostered by the Legislature with
the utmost liberality. Wo ought to have a well or
ganized and drilled volunteer corps in every conn-
ty in the State ; and therefore tbo formation of com
panies should bo encouraged. Tbis may be effectu
ally done, by exempting from military duty, except in
time of war, invasion or insurrection, all between
tbo ages of eighteen aud forty-five years, who may
have served, for seven years continuously, in any
compauy. The military spirit should be fostered.—
Tbis may be done by raising and setting apart a fund
to defray the expenses of an annual military encamp
ment, at such time aud place as the Commandor-iu-
Chief may order. Such convocation will give uni
formity in drill secure tho enforcement of discipline,
cultivate fraternal feeling among the corps, aud iu
some degree, inure them to tho usages and hardships
of the field. Such a food as may be required for tlie
purpose can be raised, by substituting a small com
mutation tax, in lieu of actual military duty, in time
of peace, at tbe option of the citizen. Our people,
liable to perform military service, ought to Bo tur-
uished with arms. It is vain to rely upon the pit
tance dulled out, by tbe General Government, under
tbe act of Congress, for arming tbe Militia of the
United States. The supply from this source, is in
adequate to furnish even tho few volunteer compa
nies scattered over tho State. Hence, tbe Legisla
ture should either make an annual appropriation for
this purposo or establish an Armory, for tho manu
facture of arms. The latter, it is believed, will
prove tbe more efficient and in tho end, the more
economical. 1 earnestly invoke your favorable
consideration of tbis important branch of the pub
lic service.
Education.
It is needless to adduce arguments to convince in
telligent men of tbo educational wants of Georgia.
It is demonstrated by tbe fact that there are many
thousand adults in our midst, who can neither read
nor write, and as many poor children who must be
forever debarred the blessings of education, in con-
seqneuce of the poverty of tbeir parents; by the
CTeat deficiency of teachers to supply the demand
iu almost every section of tho State; by the charac
ter of our political institutions, which arc based up
on the assumed capacity of the people for self-gov
ernment; by the tact that so many of our children
aro sent to distant States for education, where they
are liable to imbibe doctrines hostile to our peculiar
social organization, and aro surrounded by influ
ences calculated to impart an anti-Southern tone to
tlieir sentiments nml feelings; by the crime that
hardens our criminal dockets, aud levies its thou
sands of tribute upon the earnings of hones: indus
try to support paupers and prisons; by tho violence
and corruption that desecrate the ballot-box at all
our popular elections: by the exhaustion of the soil
under a system of Agriculture that glories in exclu
ding the application of scientific principles. I am
aware, that education, to bo_ effective, mu-t com
mand the zeal anil appreciative energies of the pa
rents of each succeeding generation. 1 am equally
aware that tin- i-.-tabiisliim-at of any general-neiiie,
will require, iu the eud. a large expenditure of mo
ney. But as it may uot bo accomplished iu a day or
n year, so the entire amount need not be appropri
ated at once. It most be a work of time, and its
fruits gathered through successive years of patience
and toil. Bat shall tbis bo an argnment for postpon
ing indefinitely its commencement 7 Is it not rather
an incentive to speedy action, stimulated by the
promptness of patriotism and philanthropy 7 But
tho o jligation of the Legislature res. < upon social
groundi. Tho Constitution is tnand- .orv. Article
IV. Section XII. deolares that “The arts and sci
ences shall be promoted in the establishment of one
or more seminaries of learning, and the Legislature
shall, as soon as convieniently may be. give such
further donations and privileges to those already es
tablished, as may be necessary to secure the objects
of tlieir institution; and ii shall bo tho duty of the
Gcnoral Assembly, nt their next session, (that is, tho
next session after the adoption of the Constitution)
to provide effectual means forthe improvement ana
permanent security of the funds and endorsements of
such institutions.” What has been done to carry
into effect this danse of your Constitution 7 How
little 7 It has reference mainly to the State Univer
sity, which Bad been chartered in 1785. Hence it is
obvious that it is the sworn duty of the General As
sembly to place our State University upon the foot
ing contemplated by ita wise and patriotic founders,
or in othorwords, “give it such donations and privi
leges as may be necessary to secure the objects of
its institution.” Indeed, tho whole subject of edn-
cation is confided to tbe General Assembly, with the
positive injunction to such action os may be proper
to supply the wants of the State. That contracted
policy which is ever standing at tho door of tho
Treasury with a flaming two-edged sword, is bat lit
tle jbettei' than moral treason to the Constitution,
which, for more than halfa century, has been plead
ing for conformity on the part of those who swear to
obey. Education is tbe friend of tbe State. It will
elevate the people. It will diminish crime and the
expense of executing the laws. It will prize ont tho
poor from tbe mire into which innocent poverty has
sunk them, and placo them on an intellectual equali
ty with the favored sons of fortune. It will dig from
the mine many an unpolished gem to glitter in the
crown of cultivated society. It will stimulate enter-
prize, aud direct its energies to profitable objects.—
It win dignify labor and open new channels for capi
tal. It will disinter tho mineral wealth of the State,
and add millions to tbe productions of Agriculture.
It will bring into tlie field of science an array of
mind that will adorn our escutcheon and dazzle the
world by its achievements. In a word, Georgia must
fail oi her great mission, without the adoption of a
wisn and comDrelionMvn Rduptitinnal nnliuv ! A wav.
wise and comprehensive educational policy ! Away,
then, with thatnarrow stinginess which begrudges a
dollar to auch a cause, while it is often wasteful of
thousands upon objects that possess little or no mer
it. Go forward boldly, firmly, liberally, to meet tho
wants of the State. Adjust your scheme to the char
acter of our population. Apply to the task your
wisest deliberations. Impart to it the element of
self-vindication aud self-support. Make it simple in
its dotails, and dependent for ita success and growth,
uponthe voluntary support of the people.
Can auch a system of Common School education
ho devised 7 What has been accomplished in other
States can be done here. Upon so delicate and dif
ficult a subject. I present the outline ot a plan with
diffidence. But 1 make the venture lor what it is
worth, hoping that it may, at least, prove suggestive
of something better.
1. Authorise each county, at its option, to be divi
ded into Common School Districts, of snch dimon
sions, that children can walk from their several boun
daries to the school houses to be located in the cen
tres. ' ■■■■
2. Let each District be clothed with the power of
self-taxation, and tho appointment of a Treasurer.
3. Let each District, by meeting annually to he
held, declare what sam they are willing to raise for
Common School purposes therein, to be collected by
taxation, as tho Statu Tax is now collectod by law,
and to he paid over to tho District Treasarer.
4. Upon the Report of tbe District Treasurer to the
Execntive, of the amount Actually collected, let the
Governor be authorized to draw his warrant on the
Stato Treasury for a like sum, to be paid to the said
District Treasurer, which, together with the money
thus collected by voluntary taxation, shall constitute
a Common School fund tor such District, for the
year for which it may bo intended.
5. Let the Common School District Treasurer be
required to give bond and security, under the ap
proval of the Inferior Court of the county, for tho
faithful application of the fund, and to mako annual
returns to the Inferior Court on the first Monday in
January, in each year, ac ompanied with vouchers
for his disbursements.
Tho advantages of this plan are palpable. First,
itis simple—secondly, it addresses itself to thevol
untary action of the people of each District. If they
wish a school, they can have it; if they do not, it
will not be forced upon them. Thirdly, this appeal
to the voluntary princiofii will beget thought ana de
bate, so that if rejcotei. at first, truth will finally pro
vail, and the system be adopted. It will therefore
wove to be a growing, self-vindicating, self-sustain
ng system. Fourthly, it meets the objection which
is so formidable, that in some sections, the population
is so sparse, that the Common School system is im
practicable. It is intended to operate only where
there are inhabitants, and even then alone uponthe
condition, that they are willing and ready to do their
part towards it. Lastly, the absenco of school pri
vileges will no longer deter immigration to destitute
regions. This plan will invite immigration, and thus
soon till up tho uninhabited Districts,
It uiay bo thought that the adoption of such a sys
tom will, at once, create a demand for money which
the State Treasury cannot meet. That it will require
a considerable sum of money, is obvious; but not so
much as to deter from the experimcfll. It will not be
adopted in every county of the State, at first—much
less by every School District. Many will not have
tho population ; many will reject it for years, until
they have discussed it thoroughly, and risen to a
proper appreciation of education; many more, eith
er from luability or disiuclination, will impose on
themselves a very light tax. Therefore, the amount
called for from the State Treasury, will, in the infan
cy of the system, be comparatively small. Besides,
in this particular form, it need not bo perpetual.—
When it shall have diffused population and the bless
ings of education ever the State, it can be modified,
as experienco may show to be necessary. The great
desideratum for the present, is to arouse our people
to the importance of the subject. \\ hen this shall
havo been accomplished, they will not stop to weigh
dollars and cents against education.
But this, nor any other system of education can be
carried into effect, without a vast increase of the
corps of teachers. How can tho requisite number
be su pplted 7 Tho modo is simple, if the Legislature
will respond to tho promptings of a liberal spirit—
We have several denominational Colleges in Geor
gia, founded by privato enterprise. Why should not
the Legislature endow an Agricultural Professorship
in one of each denomination, upon the condition
that it will educate, gratuitously, a specified number
of young men in each Congressional District, to be
selectod as the Legislature may direct, who shall
pledge themselvos to teach a given number of years,
after their graduation, in tho District from which
they were selected 7 This will rapidly supply edu
cated teachers, native born, and sympathising with
Southern interests and institutions.
As an additional means of obtaining native teach
ers, let tlie State educate, at her own expense, in the
Stato University, one young man from each county
of tho Stato to be chosen by the Inferior Court there
of, and to he pledged to teich a given number of
years, in tho county from which he shall havo been
chosen. This will very soon supply tho deficiency,
and render us independent of those itinerant adven
turers from other States, who aro too often hostile to
oar peculiar institutions.
But our necessities do not stop here. Wo need a
University proper. Such, its founders designed our
State Collego to bo ; and tho Constitution, us I have
shown, has mado it obligatory on tho General As
sembly to carry that design into effect. When young
men have been graduated, whither can they resort,
if they deeire to pursue a course of study iu the ad
vanced sciences 7 Finding no suitable institution
for such purposes at home, they are compelled to go
abroad, or to abandon their high and laudable aspi
rations. Tlie consequence is, that most of our edu
cated men, greatly to the detriment of tho Common
wealth, plunge iuto politics os the only path to dis
tinction, or permit their cultivated powers to rest in
inglorious ease.
That this, or somo other theme, for tho object in
dicated, should be adopted, is obvious to all who re
flect upon tlie educational wants of tlie State. In
deed, past attempts demonstrate the hold which tho
subject has upon the public mind. It seems, how
ever, that they havo all been baffled by the idea
that the pecuniary means cannot bo furnished. But
this difficulty will vanish from the mind, if the re
sources and increasing wealth of the Stato be duly
estimated. As a Georgian, X am proud to believe
that she is able to accomplish whatever she dare at
tempt, if tho object be worthy of her renown, and
within the competency of patriotic energy and en
terprise.
Federal Relations.
Touching our Federal relations, tho Execntive is
possession of no information, that does not meet
tho eye of every close observer of passing events.
We hove no indication of any abatement of aboli
tion hostility to tho institution of Southern slavery.
The signs cf the times forebode the same excitement,
for the future, which has disturbed the harmony of
tlie Union, for the last twenty-live years, Kcckou-
g Delaware, which wo may safely do, as virtually
nou-siavcholding State, tho equilibrium between the
Ninth and Ill'- .'.. .tii. in lit" Senate of the United
States, is already permanently destroyed. This in-
inalily will be rapidly Increased, by the accession
the many hew States to he formed, in quick emi
ssion, from the public domain. What then is the
turu security ol tho South f It is scarcely to bo
hoped for, in '.he Constitutional guaranties, which
r South lia- a ri_-ht to claim, for tin. Free* Soil senti-
•nt, already in the ascendency, aud totally regard-
is cf Constitutional obligations, will bo still more
potent and maddened into, more intolerable inso
lence, by. the consciousness of power. It is, there
fore, a punful truth that, In the present aspect of
affairs, our surest ground of security is to he found
in a political organization, who, for tlie sake of the
Union, will respect our rights. Such an organiza
timi now exists. It is composed of tho South and ;
large portion of tho people of the North, who, whtls:
a majority of them differ from us on tho abstract
question of slavery, yet co-operata with us, in main
taining onr rights, oo long as it can persove its as
cendency. we may expect security, lint now fickle
and unstable is such a reliance I Ilow humiliating, to
feel that tho Constitution, in its purity, has ceased
to be the bulwark of onr safety I )t is hopingalmosl
against the growing strength of Abolition fanaticism
Our friends in the non-slaveholding States arc annual
ly becoming weaker, and, in view of tho largo num
her of non-slaveholding States which must ho carved
out of the Territories, they must inevitably fall, at
last, and leave tho South, in a minority, to tight he
own battles.
may not ho
the tides of t"
tii.- tides nf the Ocean, it m ver ebbs. It will roll on
to triumph, unless it be baffled by a united South,
resolved to preserve herrights or die in the struggle,
Let such unanimity bo encouraged and promoted,
As for Georgia, she has taken her position. Wo will
plead tho Constitution, as long as there is hope ; wo
will co-operate wit our Northern friends, as long as
by such organization, we can preserve our rights ;
we will cling to tho Union, so long as it shall shelter
us lrom aggression. But If all these fail, and we bo
compelled to chose between dishonor, and the alter-
native of tho “ Georgia Platform,” wo will face the
storm, with the unflinching firmness of the martyr’s
courage.
In closing this communication, and retiring from
tho Executive office, 1 avail myself of tho occasion
to express my unfeigned gratitude for the confidence
reposed in me. by the people of Georgia. That I
may have committed errors, I readily admit; but
conscious of having endeavored to discharge my
duties faithfully, I cheerfully commit my administra
tion to tho verdict of impartial history, and earnestly
invoke Heaven’s richest blessings upon iny native
Stato. 1IERSCHEL V. JOHNSON.
CITY HOTEL—SAVANNAH.
T HE undersigned having purchased Hr. J.
B. Foley's interest in the City Hotel, begs lijiii
to inform the traveling public that he will use I'aV'tl
every effort to make the house an agreeable stop
E ing place for those who may he pleased to favor
im with their patronage.
Mr. Edmund Murphy will bo associated with him
in conducting tho business of tho house.
sep 8 JACKSON BARNES.
MRS. F. DESSAU
H AS determined to sell out her entire f"
Stock of Millinery, J 4 ?
SIEK AND FANCY GOODS, ^
now offers them at vezy reduced prices (atiirst cost)
FOR CASH BEFORE DELIVERY.
Ladies, now is your chance, call soon and got the
first choice.
All having accounts at MRS. DESSAU’S and pay
up now will receive a discount of two per cent.
MRS. HOWLAND
I S now opening FALL and WINTER
MlIiLI.UiltY.
Consisting of all the Fashionable Styles
of
BONNETS. HEADDRESSES, FEATHERS,
FLOWERS, CLOAKS AND BERAGES
SILK EVENING DRESSES,
CRINOLINES, WIRE
BRAIDS, STELLA
SHAWLS AND
SCARFS.
All of which will he sold on the most reasonable
terms for Cash. Country Milliners supplied with
bonnets by the Case or Dozen.
All orders promptly attended to in Millinery
or Dress Making.oct27
MILLINERY.
M RS. AUDOIN would respectfully announce to
the ladies of Macon and surrounding conn- y-.
ties, that she lias removed to her New Brick VJ
Store, next door to the Mechanic’s Bank, on 2d-/ w w r
street, (her old stand) where she is now receiving
and opening an entire now Stock of
FASHIONABLE GOODS
in her line, consisting of STRAW, SILK AND VEL
VET IIATS, nowest style. HEAD DRESS
ES, of every design. CURLSAND
HAIR BRAIDS, EMBROI
DERIES
Of rich qualities. LACE SETTS of various pat
terns. Also a variety of
FANCY ARTICLES,
too tedious to mention. All of which will ho sold
very reasonably to CASH customers.
Thankful for past favors, she solicits a continu
ance of tho custom of her old friends and will study
to deserve the kind patronago ofall who may call
and view her goods. oct 27—tf
Fall and Winter Millinery.
M RS. A. DAMOUR has just returned from New
York with a splendid and fashionable assort
ment of the above named goods, consisting of
Silk Velvet and Straw Mats,
Plumes, F'owers. Ribons, Caps, Head Dresses,
Point Lace Setts, Berthas, Embroideries,
Cloaks ofall qualities, Long Shawls,
Broocho Shawls, Chenille
Shawls and Scarfs.
A largo lot of new styles Extension Skirts, Whale
bone and other BOOP4 for SKIRTS. A lot of
fine Robes with trimmings on tho sido and other
Goods for Dresses, such as Cauton Crape, Flounced
Robes, Ac. oct 13 ly
Advertisements at the regular charge will be Ont
Dollar per square of 10 lines or less, forthe first in
sertion, aud Fifty Cents for each subsequent inser
tion. AH advertisements not specified as to time
will bo published until forbid and charged accord
ingly
Obituary Notices not exceeding ten lines, wil
be published gratis ; but cash at the rate of One Dol
lar for every ten manuscript ines exceeding that
number, must accompany all longer notices, or they
will be cut short.
UFTho Telegraph goes to press at 3 o’clock,
Monday Evenings. Advertisers will oblige by hand
ing in their favors, as early as Saturday, if possible
ROBERT Fl.NDLAT.Mt., JAMES Jt. FINDLAY.
CHIUS. D. FINDLAY.
FINDLAYS’
STEAM E^GIjNTE
MAN l FAC TORY.
IRON AND BRASS FOUNDRY
AND
GENERAL MACHINE SHOP,
MACON, GEORGIA.
T HE Proprietors of this Establishment would re
spectfully call the attention of those contem
plating the erection of Steam Mills, for Sari/;? and
Grinding, or for any other purpose whatever. Tho
superiority of tho Work has been, and will be, a suf
ficient guarantee for an extensive and increasing
patronage. Our Workshops and superior outfit of
Tools, Patterns and Machinery, nfiord facilities for
the expedition of work possessed by no other estab
lishment in the State. Our prices and terms will
compare favorably with that of any first class North
ern Establishment. Tho following comprise a list of
Machinery, Ac ; for any portion of which we will he
pleased to receive orders, viz.
Steam Engines, Boilers, Saw Mill Machinery,
Circular Saws, Mill Gearing, Mill Stones, of
best quality for Corn and Wheat, Water
Wheels, a great variety, Gin Gear, all
sizes, Iron Railings, for Cemeteries,
Public and Private Buildings, &c,,
of Wrought and Cast Ieo.v,
very superior, embracing
strength with beauty
of Design.
Sugar Mills and Syrup Boilers, all sizes, Columns for
Stores, Churches, &c- Ac.. Gold Mining Machine
ry, with Double and Singly acting Force
auil Lift Pumps of any feqnired size,
Shafting with Turned Pollies, from
tho smallest size to nine feet Di
ameter, Cotton Press Irons,
Cotton Screws, Mill
Screws and Bales,
England's Celebrated self-acting Car Couplings, and
other Rail Road Castings. All work warranted to
be equal to tho best made elsewhere.
It. FINDLAY & SONS.
Macon, March 4th, 1857. mar 10
Copartnership Notice.
T HE Subscriber has this dav associated with him
in business, his sous JAMES N. ft C. D. FIND
LAY. Tho name and style of the FIRM will here
after he R. FINDLAY'ft SONS, and the Business
as li-ri-tofon that of a First /** ■-< zr Es
tablishment. ROBERT FINDLAY.
Macon March 4th 1857. marlO—
Dissolution.
T HE firm of CARHART ft BRAY was dissolved
on the 1st January, 1857, by mutual consent.
Either of tho Partners aro authorized to settle up the
old business of the concern. All indebted, will please
call and settle at an early date, ns it is desirable to
close it up immediately. \V. H. BRAY",
fob 10 W. D. CARHART.
Notice.
T HE firm of BItA\ r ft CARHART having been
dissolved, its business will bo continued by
CARHART ft CURD, a partnership formed and du
ly published under the Act of the Legislature of the
Stato of Georgia, authorizing the formation of Spe
cial Copartnerships.
Tho old friends and customers cf Brav ft Carhart,
together with all new ones, are .solicited to callat the
old stand on Third street, where can always he found
a largo and well selected Stock of Hardware and
Cutlery, consisting in part of
Blacksmith's Tools,
Carpenter’s Tools,
Machinist’s Tools,
Planter’s Hardware.
Builder's Hardware,
Carriage 'Trimmings,
Buggy Materials,
Mill Iron and Saws of every description.
Hails and Horse Shoes,
Agricultural Implements,
Springs and Axles,
IKOi\ AND STEEL..
100 Tons of Swedes Iron of our own im-
' portation,
Refined Iron,
Flat, Round and Square Iron,
Common English Iron,
Hoop Band Iron,
Oval and Half Round Iron,
Plow Steel, Cast Steel,
German Steel,
Blister Steel, Spring Steel, <^Tt.,
all of which we are bound to sell at the lowest mar-
ket prices. CAJR1IAKT &. CVRD.
feo 10
To Country
A Nearly call is respectfully solicited from you as
XV. we can sell you a great many goods as cheap as
they can be purchased in any market South of New
York.
Six months is given with approved credit. Call
and see for vourselves.
ROSS, COLEMAN ft ROSS.
To the Planters of Georgia.
Remember that you will do well to call and exam
ine our Blankets before purchasing. Every stylo at
prices lower than you ever bought them.
ROSS, COLEMAN ft ROSS.
ROSS, COLEMAN 8f ROSS
Have just opened five cases of Prints, six cases
of Bleached llomspuns, at prices so low as to defy
comparison—Don’t fail to prico them if you want
Cheap Goods.
Grand and Unprecedented Attrac-
TION AT
ROSS, COLEMAN & ROSS’
“BAZ.l.VU Off FASHION” where everything
can be found in the shapo of Fancy and Staple Dry
Goods, at prices so uniformly low as to excite the ad
miration of tho purchaser, and insnro to tho seller
large and spoody sates. Como and look, no charge
for showing goods, as wo wish to verify our asser
tions. se P 23
NEW FALL and WINTER
GOODS.
T HE subscriber is now recoiling a largo and
handsome stock of
Staple and Fancy Dry Goods
Suitable for Fall aud Winter Trade. Among them
will be found rich Silk Robes, Also,Byaderestripe
Silks, plain Silks for Misses’and children's
wear; fine lot of English and French
Merinos, Cashmeres, Muslin de
Lain as. Poplins, Lustres, Ging
hams, French, English
and Amorican
Prints, Ac.
CASSIMERES and SATINETS, for MEN and BOYS’
"W E -A. IR. .
Alsoa large lot of HOSIERY’ for Ladies and -Miss
es, Gents and Boys ; Bleached Shirtings and Sheet
ings, cheaper than any ever before otlered to the
public.
IltlSH XAN’KA’S, a large stock very cheap ;
BED Itl.ANKKTM .',11 qualities;
FLA!Y5fEL8, LI5SEYS, and
iu fact every article usaally
kept In a first class DRY
GOOD establishment.
We intend selling
Goods as low if
uot lower
than
any
House in Georgia.
Our customers anil the public generally, are earn-
tly requested to give us a call before purchasing
sewhere, ns wo intend to try and give them the
Worth of their money. GEO. W. PKICE.
ONWARD !
IS OUR MOTTO.
T HE increasing patronage and general satisfac
tion of our customers convince ns that onr sys
tem of business is a good one, viz :
Small Profits and Quick Sales.
We have now in store and shall receive by every
Steamer from New Y'ork as handsome a stock of
FANCY AND STABLE DRY GOODS as ever
has been brought to the city of Macon, which wo
are determined to sell as cheap, if not CHEAPER
than any other house in the trade; among which
will he found a splendid lot of
VELVET & CLOTH CLOAK*, TALMAS
Side Striped Silk Robes and other Silks, French
and English Merinoes, Plain and Figured
DeLaines, French, English and Ameri
can Prints, Long and Square Shawls,
Cheneilie Shawls and Scarfs,
Bonnet Ribbons, French
Collars nnd Sleeves,
Bands, Jaconet ft
Swiss Edgings,
Bed Blankets, Ne
gro Blankets and Ker
seys, YVliito and Red Flan
nels, Satinetts, Cassimcres, Ken
tucky Jeans, Ladies Cloths, ftp., Ta
ble Damasks and Napkins, Bleached
and Brown Sheetings nnd Shirting andmanv
other things too numerous to mention ; All of which
will bo sold r cry low for cash.
New Yoiuc Stofk,
Macon,sept 15 DENMAN ft WATERMAN.
Fall Goods
FOR
PLANTERS AND MERCHANTS.
/rf\ Buies Ga. lCerse,
OU -- “ Northern do
j Bales Ga. Kerseys, 10 cases Flanel
* li Tldting
JeanesA. Cassimers,
Stripes,
Blch’d llomspuns,
Satinetts,
Alpacas,
Linens.
5,000 Xegro Blankets, 27
500 Bed do 30
75 cases Wool Ilats, 20
320 “ Shoes, 10
20 “ Prints, 10
10 “ Ginghams, 7
30 11 Clothing,
Wo are adding daily to our stock a general assort
ment of goods in our lino to which we invite the at
tention of purchasers who aro in search of Good
Bargains. J. B. «Sc W. A. BOSS.
City paper please copy this advertisement.
Embroideries.
W E can now show many novelties in Embroide
ries, and our Laco Goods aro really superb.
Also, the largest variety of Muslin, Flouncing aud
Trimmings in tho city. Just received hj-
xep 29 BOSHCK « KBQL
UAGGI.VU ANiD HOFF.
GAfY COILS Richardson's best Rope,
OUU 200 half coils do do do
200 do YVliite Rope,
200 do N. York do
2000 lbs Twine,
800 Rolls Heavy Gunny Bagging,
200 Bales do" do do
For sale by J. B. ft W. B. ROSS,
sep 8
N"ew Flour.
O NE car load S. T. 6c Family.
25 Bids. Coosa Water, equal lo Hiram Smith’s.
For sale by J. B. & W. A. BOSS.
<DRY, l’LOI K, Ac.
Q/-VZX BUSHELS Corn.
OUU 200 Sacks new Superfine and Family Flour,
2000 lbs. Choice Sugar Cured, Canvassed Hums, just
received and for sale by
sept 1 McCALLIE ft JONES. Cotton Avenue.
ATTENTION PLANTERS.
W E CAN SUPPLY you with Negro Blankets,
Kerseys ami Plantation Goods, on as favora
le terms as any other establishment in Georgia.—
is a call, [sep 20-tt]
Ljg” Messenger copy.
BOSTICK ft KE1N.
Cane Mill3 and Syrup Boilers-
C ANE MILLS of various sizes and prices,yds.
Syrup Boilers, designed expressly for tin- pm
pose, from :jo gallons to any required size, kept cot
stantly on hand and made to order, by
aug 25 U. FIN OLA V ft SUN.
Seed Kye and Barley.
1 Ad BUSHELS new Seed Rye,
1UU 200 bushels new Seed Barley, just received
by McCALLIE ft JONES,
sept 1
NEGROES FOR SALE,
A ND Manufacturers' Bank in payment taken at
par. THOS. BAGBY,
oet '-‘0 at Orr'a old stand, Macon, Ga -