Newspaper Page Text
THE JACKSON ECONOMIST.
|U)L- VIII.
■ Southern Cotton Hills.
B lV utiuu-i from fourth gag".
as ha could ask
■ a ' ffUl ,h to loud money to his uexgli
-81, l .mi -'lah to say, a-e taking
B'. , r amis. Properly oonstruct-
B n reason why
8..,, factory s stock should
B'beknv par. These facts are well
B*r f0 our i'.ukms and they are ever
B.V, „id M-al enterprise to build
Th s they are doing by ad
-8^EL...... i<r. one-third payment clue
BLm,k prescriptions and holding
Bribers’ note and slock as col-
M , Wnile receiving good interest
B;X a iv.uc -. they are reaping even
B a ter advantages in assisting the
B ng corporation to get on its, teet, to
Kmatelveni.y the several benefits I
B T6 mentioned. A cotton factory
more money inte the Bank’s
; 1. a r-snlt of the increasing pros
of the community.
■ V:;: 0 f o ur bankers are officers of the
B. and one promiu ut financier is
u ,;n her of factories scattered
the State.
Bh'Uiercomtsfi.id in the factory a
H| e i (lii inves'inent for their spare cap-
H from which they reap a doub'e
Hit;- The dividends and the dev-dop
of their trade, resulting, first.
Hem the increased population attracted
Htmvn by the mill and the larger conn-
By trade which comes from the farm -rs
Hiring their cotton to town, attracted
Hr the higher prices paid by the mill.
Krchants would find a few shares of
Hock in a cotton factory a paying iu-
Hstwent even if tlie y dever received a
Hh'dend, for with the operatives, who
He'd ordinarily five thousand dollors a
Hcuth, anil t!ie farmers lhe money re
Hhed for their cotton fro n the mill
produce from the operatives, the
Hercliants can reap a large profit, all
Hoe solely to the prosenc > of the mill
Bhicli their subscriptions aided to build.
Hi one town whore I organized a mill
■ompan-, a p-ogressive young mor-
Hiaut said he never received a dollar
Hrofit on his stock, as he had visited
Monroe, Ga., and found that the town
Had increased 30 per cent, in population
Bince their mill was built and that farm
■rs brought their cotton to Monroe from
■arms 20 miles a way, even going from
Blaffion. He argued that with such
Boaditions in his town he could afford
Bo contribute to the mill to receive these
Wvant'ges
B hi general, more money in circulation
■till immediately benefit the merchant
■nd help to keep bad accounts off their
■noks, which I bjlievp are not the pro
■due of a desiie on the part of our pec*
fcile to avoid payment, but are due large
ly to the inadequacy of the $35 a bale
■or cotton they now receive into the
fcommnnity to pay its debts. When the
IBoatheru people manufacture their cot
f JU h w ‘h briug to them $65 to $8 > a
Pale and thus treble the money in cir
■culation.
I A home mill, owned and operated by
|* ae People of town and county, means
to the farmers than any other class
r° are the most vitally interested
lia anything that has an effect on the
Price of cotton These Southern cotton
factories will, i u time, spin all the cot
foa raised iu the South, and thus for
e?er re ak the boudage of the cottou
powers to the European and Northern
Markets. To-day the price of our staple
Product is fixed by men we never saw,
0 whom our prosperity is nothing and
adversity nothing also. A war in
JQtd Africa sends the price of South
® r Q cotton down oue-lialf a cent iu a
- v - W hat-would happen if England s
fl?‘ re Was broken up? The commerce
j. 1 “ Wor ld would be|then disturbed as
D f V " r Was since Rome fell, aud South
0r” ls would no lon per support their
VQ rs. With enough factories in the
nt to spin a ii the cotton we produce
l?a' 0m mdr^et * s created and New Or-
Atlanta or some great city yet to
* 6, a •’°nthern Manchester or Liver
-1)001 w bi fix the prices.
°^ 3erve d that at the Georgia
wh ° fy |° Wns higher prices prevail than
i- tl3 farmera are dependent on
tv. ' or k °r Liverpool quotations. The
th W | COine w ben the mills will buy
Bg . t ‘ cotton, gin it, sell tho seed or
op f .* m * n °h‘ mill, which will be
hy the factory corporation. By
ties'a the C ° Bt of S innin g. bagging,
1 War ehouse charges will be saved
WINDER, JACKSUN COUIN TV, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 1900.
aud middlemen’s profits will be cut i.ff
—as such charges aro finaliy borne by
the farmer—the home mill be a gre.t
help to him. Owning stock in ill null
he will profit, by the increase, while if
cotton is low, manufactured goods are
usually high, so his stock will earn en
ough to protect him from the loss on
tho raw material. Another feature of a
homo mill is that among the operatives
he will find au increase cash trade for
produce. When tha farm can no longer
support the icreasing family, thevouug
er generation can find employment, in
the mill, a neb earn more cleaa money in
six y days than they ever did in a year
on the farm. Widows and children
can support themselves in com'ort and
not boa charge on their relations or the
community. The day is alrrostat hand
when fanning will not support, the peo
ple. and some must turn to manufaot
uriug. Lot us erect factories to employ
iHe hands for the prosperity o’ our
State and good of the individual.
A small, well-located town needs on
ly a cotton factory to rapidly develop it
into a thriving city, a commercial riva
of the great trad'. 1 centers. Towns with
mills have trebled tnfir popular,ion in a
few years and developed in size and im
portance, The factory cm be easily fit
ted to supply electric lights aDd water
to tho town, and this I am arranging to
do in. several s. No municipal
ity need fear to invito the operatives to
become citizms as they are orderly, so
ber and industrious. In ouo village of
600 there has never b:e;i an arrest, and
no policemen ;r i needed. Th it is en
ough to show the character o l these
people.
The mills in small towns pay best, a?
they are free from high taxes, high sal
aries and the disadvantages of labor on
ions aud irunp Icbor. Waterpower,
cneap fuel, an l low iusu anco make
savings aud add to tne p-ofits of the
country mill. There are mills in Geor
gia which have decl irodduring the past
year from 20 to 60 p.r cent dividends
on their capital stock. Even iu such
years as ’93 and ’94 the mills worked
full time, dec’ared from 10 to ll}4 P er
cent dividends aud laid aside money.
Tha Jackson, Gi, mill earned $50,000
clear money daring its first thirty
months of operation, and will earn 50
percent this year on a capital of $70,-
030. The mills i t Huntsville, Alabama,
declared 15 per cent, semi annul divi
dends while the Crown cottou mills of
Dalton, Ga , broke the record with 10
percent, in cash aud 83 per cent iu
stock, representing that much addition
ai value in accrual profits us-d iu
doubling tho mid this year. As an in
vestment these stocks are unsurpassed,
as stock iu auy of our best mills is con
sidered as government bonds.
I do not b slieve there is a first-class
mili in Georgia whose stocks are not
worih par. Fur the benefit of the small
investor I mention the case of a lady at
Griffin, Ga., whose husbaud’s estate
contained three shares of stock in a
local mill. Last fall it was decided to
enlarge the mill with accrued profits.
This was done and she received five
shares for the three she owned. Re
cently she sold those five shares for
$1,150, or a gain of SBSO over the origi
nal investment, and all the time she had
enjoyed the large dividends.
I predict that 1900 will see twenty
five or thirty new mills in operation ia
Georgia and as many more companies
oiganized to build factories, and I be
lieve our people will own over one half
the capital stock. Yours truly,
CUYLER SMITH.
Mrs. R Churchill, Berlin, Vt., says.
“Our baby was covered with running
sorea. DeWitt’s Witch Hazel Salve
cured licr.” A specific for piles aud skin
diseases Beware of wortnless counter
feits. G. W. DeLaFerriere.
ADDRESS BY STEVENS
BE FORK SOUTHERN COMMI?*
MON Kit OK AGKU ULIUK IN
NOW OKL.KANS.
SOUNDS A WARNING NOTE
Farm r* Urgfrt to Plant but Little
Coitou -flii* Year— Manufactur
ing Interests Krvived.
This day, Wflioh has been set apart
for the first annual meeting of the As
sociatlcu of Commissioners, looking as
it does to the upbuilding of our com
mon country aud to the improve
ment of the condition of the cottou
states, is to me an auspicious one lam
glad of this opportunity to meet with
you and join in so laudable an under
taking, remembering that it is for the
good of the present as well as futuro
generations. Permit me, therefore, to
offer a few suggestions in the begin
ning of our meeting for your considera
tion.
For years the farmers of the south
ha ve been drifting aimlessly into a con j
dition of bankruptcy aud demorahza
tion, greatly to their own hurt and to
the detriment of the common welfare.
This is not due to sterility of soil, nor
to unfavorable climatic conditions. Na
ture has not done more for auy section
than for the cotton states; nor is i
altogether fair to lay the fault of fail
ere to our farmers; for, as a class,
they have worked industriously in aud
cut of season, but they have not worked
with any fixed purpose of permanent
benefit in the end. I have for years
been urging the farmers of Georgia to
reverse their methods, if they would es
cape the condition# which have resulted
from a lack of diversification in plant
ing their crops. Tbe salvation of the
people depends upon rural independ
ent—by living at home and raising
home supplies; by cutting off imports
and inoreasiug exphrls; and I urge
upon you, the commissioners of the
cottou-growing states, to call upon yonr
people to obaage their methods of farm
iug. It is true that for 30 years the balance
of trade has been somewhat in oor favor,
but maeh oan yet be done along this line.
The faruuug interest has been the snb
joot of much discussion by the press and
people of the south tor the past 13
months; so much so that the people of
the rural districts are seeking informa
tion by reading the daily aud weekly
papers and agricultural journals. This
is oue of tho most important mediums
upon which this association mast rely
ia reaching the farming class, by
writing monthly letters upon agri
cultural subjects aud questions, to
be published once a month in yonr
newspapers. The work of reformation
has begun, aud it should be the object
of this association to reach every home
aud cabin within its territory.
The last crop was a profitable one to
tbe farmers of the south. Everything
bought with whioh to make it was
cheap—mules, labor, fertilizers, plough
tools, farmiug machinery, ootton cloth,
meat, corn aud forage; in fact, farm sup
plies of every description were exceed
ingly cheap, and consequently the crop
of 1899 came into the market at a very
low cost. Oar people made light bills.
The fall being favorable for gathering,
and the crop small as compared with for
mer years, it brought much better
prices, and consequently the people of
the cotton states are iu better condition
than iu former years. Oar farming ex
penses, with a few exceptions in certain
nnfavored localities, have been paid
and our debts reduced, and we have
more home-raised supplies than we
bad one year ago. A change has taken
place; a different state of affairs
exists. I think there ia no donbt that
tbe south is more prosperous today than
at any time within the last 30 years.
Prices have advanced, and our peo
ple are more hopeful. Males and fer
tilizers have advanced 86 per cent;
corn, forage and meat are 16 per cent
higher; plow tools and farming ma
chinery are 76 per cent higher; ootton
goods are 60 per cent higher; so the crop
of 1899 1900 will cost fully 80 per cent
more to market it than did the crop
of 1898 99. I urge you to sound a note
of warning sight now. Tell your farm
ers to make small bills; to buy for oash,
if possible; to plant largely of food crops,
and reduce the aoreage in cotton even
below that of last year. The ootton
orop for 1899 1900 will barely reaeh 9,-
000,000 bales, and tbe average prioe
paid thus far has been 7 oents, so that
if we again curtail the use of fertilizers
and the aoreage in cotton, and produce
only 8,000,000 bales next season, we
may expect not less than 9 cents per
pound for our crop. But, if our farm
ers go wild again, as thsy did in 1898 —
buy everything on time, plant the
whole earth in cotton and make a crop
of 11,600.000 bales, the country will be
ruined, almost beyond hope. Buoh a
crop next season would sell from
•>£ to o cents per pound, ana leave
us hopelessly in debt. It may be read
ily seen that an 8,000,000 bale crop will
bring more money than an 11,500,000 bale
crop, to say nothing of the cost of mar
keting, and what we lose by leaving off
food crops. If we oan only induoe our
farmers to adopt this method, they will
be masters of the situation, and no con
spiracy can control the cotton market
ana wring from tnem the traits of
their labor without a fair reward.
The cotton manufacturing interest in
the southern states has beoa greatly re
vived. Its influence is already felt, and
we should give it all the encouragement
and aid in our powef. While farmers are
raising millions of the raw product, it is
tbe height of folly for our business men
to sit idly by and see the profits in the
manufacture of cotton go abroad. Each
railroad town in the cotton states should
have a cotton mill. The millions of
dollars which pass through their hands
for cotton goods should be kept at home.
Let us encourage and welcome capital
to come among u#, to open up and de
velop onr varied Interests; but let the
profits from the manufacture of cotton
be spent among our own people. Ws
produce the raw material, and why not
ship to other states the goods manufac
tured? The item of transportation,
alone, will be enough to pay them
abundantly for their enterprise, and,
besides, these mills would give employ
ment to thousands of operatives, who
must be fed by the farmers from their
breadstuffs, dairies and gardens. In
this way additional facilities for tho
marketing of onr farm products will be
furnished.
That It Is the duty of the state to edu
cate its youth has never been ques
tioned by the intelligent citizenship of
any commonwealth. The sums annu
ally expended for this purpose are a
profitable investment, making returns
in after years of better government, a
strong and intellectual people, and a
full development of our institutions.
It is an evident and aocepted fact that
each individual should be taught those
branches that will best fit him for the
work he will follow upon reaching his
majority. Our states have long since
provided departments for teaching law
and medicine, and the general govern
ment is supporting a deiarrment of ag
riculture; but, when we remember the
thousands of country schools in the
cotton states, attended by three fourths
of onr boys, a large majority of whom
aro unable to attend the agricultural
colleges and schools whore the higher
bFunches are taught, we are at once im
pressed with the fact that these youths,
upon whom will depend the duty of
supplying the country with food pro
ducts, and furnishing the bulk of our
exports, are not being fully prepared
for the calling that the great agricult
ural interests of our states will demand.
Agriculture may properly be classed
among the sciences, and farming as a
profession. The intelligent man wi:l
manage his berdß and cultivate bis fields
with profit. Information that cheapens
the production of vegetables, fruits and
cereals will be disseminated among ths
cotton states, and we hope yet to lead
the world m agricultural production,
and to contribute in like ratio to her
prosperity. The manual labor of the
farm must be intelligently directed,
to insure success. The state that leads
in the dissemination of information on
agricultural subjeots will, in the end,
outstrip other agricultural communities
in wealth, progress and a full develop
ment of their resources. If we will teaoh
our children in the oouimnu schools the
elemeutary principles of agriculture—
facts that have been ascertained by
practical tests at efficiently conducted
experimental stations—we will add to
onr farming population a class of yonng
men and women full of strength and
vitality, and better equipped than were
their father# and mothers for the de
velopment of the great interests of the
south. The necessity for imparting
this information in the common schools
seems so apparent—the cost being really
insignificant, while the results are "of
momentous value— it should not be
deferred or negleotod.
What, then, is this knowledge that
the modern famer must have? He
must know the chemistry of his farm;
he must know the life and constitution
of the things whioh grow from the soil;
he must know their manner of growth;
he must know the insect life of the lo
cality in which he lives; he mast be
a successful student of geology and zo
ology—especially that branch of zoology
which deals wlttt minnte animai mo,
entomology. This he most kno.w, and
know well. He must know the friends
and enemies of the apple tree,
of the cabbage, of the grass of the
meadow; he must know abont the mil
lions of living things that creep, run
and fiy. Bat how can the farmer learn
these things and thereby ksep his land
from wearing out and his crop from de
struction? Not by discussing the silver
question; not by adopting free trade;
and not by a discussion of onr policy in
the Philipoines. He mast study care
fully the tariff annually levied by
the apple tree borers and moths,
cabbage worms, potato bags and
caterpillars. This is the field for in
vestigation. The insects daily chal
lenge the farmer to deadly combat. It is
a battle to the death, and cannot be
evaded. The farmer of today must know
the tcience aud philosophy of physical
life, the life of the animal and the
plant, that he may be successful in his
undertaking. We should, therefore,
encourage the teaching of these sciences
in onr common schools.
How delighted the boye and girle
would be to learn about wheat and
corn; about the apple tree, the peaoh,
the plum and the pear; how these
trees grow and are propagated; how
they may be oared for and protected from
the enemies that annually prey upon
them. lam clearly of the opinion that
it would be weil to eliminate a large part
of the trash which is inserted in onr
big text books on geography In
place of these things we should teach
facts abont the earth in the neighborhood
where we live. In a great many of our
cities appropriate studies arc introduced
for the better instruction of the black
smith, the carpenter, the engineer and
tbe man of affairs.
Hundreds of high school boys and girls
in the cities and towns at this time are
studying the very sciences whioh the
farmers’ boys aud girls should know.
Science not taught from books, but iu
the laboratories, where the electrical
machines are made by the hands of the
studeuts; where the chemical forces are
discovered by the student; where the
potato bug, tbe chinch bug, tho grass
hopper and the beetle are examined,
studied, aud classified. What, then,
is the duty of tbe hour? It is to
turn our eyes iu iho direction of new
things and true things that we must
know today. Every oue says educate the
doctor, that he may heal us when sick,
aud teach us to be strong in body and
limb. Educate the lawyer, undoubtedly,
that he may do our business in legal form
and keep ns out of litigation Educate
the schoolmaster, that he may guard,
guid, awaken and properly start on
life’s way the boys of tomorrow. We
favor the education of the preacher,
that he may be grand, full rounded,
eoul-aboundiug in sympathy, kindness
wisdom and hope, so that he may
make men’s burdeua lighior aud their
lives better; and I say, aud urge, by all
means educ ite tins farmer.-th.it ire uiav
fill the earth wiih pleuiy, c> j ’V tho
frnits of his willing l.;bor rad .au
hearts of ail men glad.
r--*
Him- to Make I)on:nit <- t:< ; •>-.
Common sugar four pound®, cf c
one quart; let slowly cento to a boil
and skim. Add pulverized clou. 1 , on I
fourth ounce. Remove from the fire and I
stir iu ono-half ounce of cream of tartar I
aud ono tabiespoonfui of rose exliaoi *
It is now ready for use.
Worse Tliitn China.
A Nashville paper states that there
are children employed in the cotton
mills of that city who receive but 6-j
cents a day of 12 to 13 hours. One child
received 65 cents for three weeks’ work,
and u family of eight workers averages
S3O a month Is there anything in Eu
rope or in China that can be compared)
to this condition ?
WhlniNlcnl Advertisements.
The author of “Pages From a Private
Diary” gives some whimsical advertise
ments, as, for instance “Respectable
girls, about 18, wanted for bottling^”
And from a bookseller's catalogue.
“Clergymen.—A fine collection of 200
clergymen, consisting of Protestant
ministers, Roman Catholics, Wesleyan
Methodists, Unitarians and Presbyteri
ans, nice clean lot —5 shillings. ”
DeWit’a Little Early Risers purify
the blood, clean the liver, iuvigoiate the
system. Famous little pills for consti
pation and liver troubles. G. W. DeLa-
Perriere.
NO>