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PRACTICAL ADVICE ABOUT
DIVERSIFIED FARMING
liaising Onions Prom Seed.
I have been raising onions from
the seed and making a success of it
for fifteen years. I live in Southeast
Arkansas, and will give my methods,
and any one who will try can suc
ceed. The most important item is
early planting.
As soon after Christmas as possible
to have the land in good shape I
plant. Select a good fertile piece of
land as free from weed seeds as pos
sible; broadcast it with stable man
ure, chicken droppings, etc., and plow
and harrow it thoroughly. It is very
essential to make the soil rich and
mellow. Lay off eighteen Inches
apart, and plant seed at rate of one
ounce to every 100 feet of row. Cov
er the seed lightly and use a light
seed roller to leave the rows smooth
and nlj&e. If a few radish seed are
dropped along it will serve to keep
the rows marked until onions come
up, which will'be in two or three
weeks.
The first working will be by hand.
If you have no hand-weeder an iron
spoon makes a good one. Never let
the weeds get ahead; at the second
wmrking thin to three inches apart in
rows and apply a light dressing of
some commercial fertilizer or cotton
seed meal, working it in well; keep
ground loose and mellow and weeds
down and you will have fine large
onions. That will keep much better
than onions raised from sets. They
are as easy to raise also, with the ex
ception of the first hand-working.
'As to varieties I find that Yellow
Danvers and Red Wethersfield are
the best for this climate. I some
times plant Silver Skin for a white
onion, but it is liable to mildew, and
does not give the profit of the first
two mentioned. When the tops be
gin to die down pull up and leave in
rows to cure, but do not let them get
wet. Spread on a floor in a cool
place,- and do not top them until
ready to sell. . They bring $1 per
bushel all the time. I always sell
soon after gathering, as there is al
ways then a scarcity of onions, since
there are no Northern onions on the
market at that time. It is best to or
der your seed of a reliable seedsman,
as there is no crop grown in which
the seeds count more than in onion
raising. Good seed, early planting
and good cultivating will raise fine
onions. In this climate they must be
made before June, or the hot sun will
kill the tops down, leaving you “sets”
instead of fine onions. Plant good
seed and plant early and you. can
raise fine onions in the South from
black seed. —Mrs. R. J. V., Dallas
County, Arkansas.
Economical Distances For Planting.
The distances at which vegetables
and other crops should be planted are
determined by various considerations.
The first consideration obviously
is that of maximum production. For
many crops experience has pretty
well demonstrated at what distances
this will be. Conditions of soil and
moisture, etc., have their due effect
in controlling the matter. This con
sideration is generally taken in ac
count.
But less account is taken of an
other consideration, which should
frequently have much weight in com
ing to a decision. This is economy
of cultivation. Many crops will make
maximum yields planted in rows so
close together that horse culture is
impracticable. In a case of this kind
the grower must determine whether
the increased value of product will
more than balance the increased cost
of cultivation by hand, or even some
times whether the labor necessary
for such cultivation can be had. In
the culture of onions, turnips, beets,
spinach and such crops the writer
has found it necessary to take ac
count of the questions. It has been
found economical to have some crops
at such distances as will require hand
culture, that is, culture with the
wheel, hoe of push plow, because this
implement can be used a little sooner
after a rain than a horse cultivator,
and so a part of the crop is cultivated
and put out of the way by the time
the ground is dry enough to work b>
horse power. Generally, however, it
is found best to plant these crops as
close as will permit of cultivating b>
horse power, say, in rows fifteen to
eighteen inches apart. Rows at this
distance can also be cultivated with
wheel hoe.
This is intended merely to be sug
gestive. The important thing is to
remember that this factor does entei
into the cost of production and to
give some thought to it in planting.
—B. M. D., in Southern Cultivator.
Peanuts and Popcorn.
Nearly every farmer in the countrj
has attended a circus at one time in
life. Maybe it was when he was a
boy, but a great majority have made
a trip to town since they reached
mature years. Ordinarily circus talk |
has but very little to do with farm
ing, but the popcorn and peanut cr.-
is an interesting feature of the usuai
show, and the cry of the venders is
remembered long after the ludicrous
sayings of the clowns are numbered
with the things of the past.
There are no greater crops to con
sider just at this season of the year
than popcorn and peanuts. Probably
not one farmer in a hundred has ever
given it any thought, but at the same
time it will be acknowledged as a
truth after a fair trial. For planting
in the oat fields after the harvest is
over there are no crops that offer bet
ter inducements to the average farm
er than these.
By preparing the lahd practically
all cultivation can be made before
the crop actually begins growing and
the result will be simply wonderful
In the amount of feed that can be
produced. It will be well to plant
both popcorn and peanuts in the wat
er furrow at this season of the year,
as they will grow rapidly enough to
cultivate with a plow and not much
work will be needed. It will take
plenty of barn room if you want to
shelter your productions in this line,
but these can be shocked out with
more impunity than any crops tliaj
can be raised on the farm and but
little damage is likely to result.
In planting the popcorn plant it
thick, so that a great deal of forage
can be made and there will be plenty
of good feed for all animals on the
farm. These are little things it is
true, but after a trial and soma con
sideration it will be surprising to see
how much better it will be than just
leaving the grain land idle and in ad
dition to growing a lot of feed there
will be improvement in the soil. —J.
C. McAuliffe.
Substitute For Smoke House.
Take four boards twelve inches
wide and eight or ten feet long; nail
them as per illustration with anchor
on one end and cap on other with
just enough opening in top end to
make draft enough to draw smoke.
Now set it up in hole a foot deep and
pack dirt firmly over anchor. Have
your place for fire eight or ten feet
from smoke house with pipe (laid a
n 1 ' ■
'! *
'v
11 /
.vz* I • _L_ **■'
few inches below surface) running
from furnace into smoke house and
the thing is complete, after of course
driving the necessary nails or hooks
to hold meat. Advantages: Cheap
—no danger of burning meat —easily
and quickly made. I hope to see thi3
in print as it is a very cheap affair
for those that are not fortunate
enough to have a better one.—Em
ma A. Hicks, in The Epitomist.
Varieties of YVyandottes.
Shape makes the breed, color the
variety, is a saying that has already
been quoted in these notes. Of the
Wyandottes there are not less than
eight recognized varieties. It would
seem that the fancier who likes the
graceful Wyandotte form could find
something in these to suit him.
The varieties are white, black,
silver, golden, silver penciled, par
tridge, buff apd Columbian. #
The names are in most cases self
explanatory. The Columbian Wyan
dotte has the color of the light
Brahma as the silver penciled has
the colored of the dark Brahma.
Of these the silver, buff and white
are the most common.
Of course the plumage of the
whites should be pure white. This
includes the quills as well as the
underfluff. Judges penalize any
creaminess in the underfluff although
this is sometimes only a temporary
condition and will pass away in a
short while. Any brassiness about
the back is a still more serious fault.
White that will stay white is the de
sired color. Sometimes sp6ts of black
will be found in the plumage of a
bird of good breeding and otherwise
good.
These are a disqualification as
would be red or buff.
The beak, shank and feet should
be yellow; the comb, wattles and
ear lobes red, and eyes bright red or
t, ay . B. M. D., in Southern Culti
vator.
Better Sires,
If every scrub bull in North Caro
lina was replaced with a pure bull,
of some recognized beef breed, the
value of our first generation of
calves would, when mature, be in
creased $1,000,000 or 33 1-u per
cent, of the original value of the
foundation stock. This introduction
of better bred sires is, in my mind,
the only thing which will completely
revolutionize our live stock business.
—Dr. R. S. Curtis.
m FAPtK m ATLANTA.
Carrie.- and Patron Moved From Cum
ming, Ga., to Atlanta.
Atlanta, Ga. —The large number of
news and class publications centered
in Atlanta has been augmented by the
removal of the business office of the
Carrier and Patron, trom Gumming,
Ga. f to Atlanta.
This paper-has been edited and pub
lished at Gumming for about eighteen
months by J. B. Patterson, but its rap
id growth and extension of circulation
made it necessary for the management
to secure headquarters which offer bet
ter facilities for conducting the busi
ness in a modern way.
J. A. Rasbury, president of the
Southern Trade Press of Atlanta, pub
lishers of Ice, a monthly trade journal,
and other periodicals, has bought an
interest in the Carrier and Patron and
will assume the duties of .business
manager, with the headquarters in the
Brown-Randolph building. The edito
rial department will remain as hereto
fore, at Cumming, with J. B. Patterson
in complete charge.
The Carrier and Patron is a month
ly newspaper in the interest of car
riers on me rural tree delivery routes
and farmers ihroughoui the country.
It enjoys the distinction of being the
only paper representing the interests
of both carriers and farmers whom
they serve, and whose interests are
identical in many ways in the United
bunts, and the only rural free deliv
ery paper of any kind in the south.
Mr. Rasbury states that every means
will be taken to extend the paper’s
circulation and influence, which
already covers every southern state
and ’ many northern and western
states.
AGRIMJITIIKt COLLEGE.
Bill Presented to Legislature to Re
lieve Financial Difficulties.
Atlanta, Ga. —What promises to be
one of the most important measures
to come before the general assembly
this session is that which will provide
for the maintenance and support of
the eleven congressional district agri
cultural schools and the SIOO,OOO agri
cultural college at Athens.
They are all in readiness to be open
ed on the first of September, but there
is not in sight sufficient funds to keep
them in operation. It is up to the leg
isture to do some thing and act quick
ly, in order that they may not be kept
permanently closed.
At these schools agriculture, cattle
raising, dairying and the like is to .be
taught. Soil tests are to be made.
Experiments in cattle raising are to be
bad the year round and small dairies
operated.
Dr. Soule, the dean of the agricul
tural college in Georgia, is a warm ad
vocate of the use of cotton seed meal
as a fertilizer filler and has made
many tests in which has proved to be
the superior fertilizer. Asa cattle
feed for dairying, and work stock, Dr.
Soule declares there is none superior,
and he has facts and figures to prove
that it is less expensive and most nu
tritious of all cattle feeds.
PEAR CROP VERY VALUABLE.
Far Greater Demand for the Crop
Than the Supply.
Albany, Ga. —There ' are men in
south Georgia, figuratively kicking
themselves because of present forceful
reminders of pear orchards to which
the ax was ruthlessly laid in the eigh
ties.
There is not and will not be for
many years to come a glut In the pear
market. It is the fruit for which there
is far greater demand than the supply
will fill, and it Is a demand so insist
ent that it is found profitable to pull
the fruit when it is but two-thirds
grown and ship it to the markets
where it is in demand.
TIE PLACED ON TRACK.
Attempt to Wreck a Crowded Street
Failed—No One Injured.
Macon, Ga.—A car on the Bellevue
line, crowded with young men and wo
men, bound for the Log Cabin club,
narrowly escaped being dumped Into a
ditch. On rounding a curve the motor
man caught sight of a crosstie that
had been placed on the tracks and
brought the car to a stop only a few
feet from the crosstie. The sudden
stopping of the car shook the passen
gers up considerably, although no one
was injured. Two cars on the Long
Belt line were thrown from the track
as the result of brick and door knobs
being placed on the track. The city
detectives and police are investigat
ing the case.
STATE GLEANINGS.
President H. E. Choate of the At
lanta Credit Men’s association recently
addressed the national association of
credit men, at their convention in
Denver, on trade conditions in the
south.
Quite a number of Georgia cities
are now advertising bonds for sale,
the result of recent elections, and be
fore long will be building schools,
streets and sewers and making other
public improvements with the pro
ceeds.
In Savannah a company has been
formed for foreign shipping and will
operate steamships to European ports,
recalling the interesting fact that the
first ...earner that ever crossed the At
lantic ocean to England sailed from
Savannah.
Atlanta is to have anew medical
college. It will he known as the "Hos
pital Medical college."
Iron mines around CartersvMle are
resuming operation, as are other in
dustries in that section.
I
I THE GASOLINE ENGINE
You make a mistake if you think you cau run your
EE farm economically or profitably without a gasoline engine.
=E Do not overlook the possibilities of a gasoline engine for
EE farm use. A gasoline engine will furnish power to do the
EE hundred and one little jobs about your farm which make
EE farm work drudgery if hand, wind or horse power is used.
EE The gasoline engine is so reliable, so simple, so safe, and
EE so economical to operate that you can not afford to over-
EE look it Of all the gasoline engines on the market, the
EE I. H. C. engine stands first because it is designed by men
== who understand the requirements of a practical and cheap
=E rg farm power.
SS = jt = I. H. C. engines are made in sizes
EE ni from 1 to 25 horse power in vertical or
!H ri > a k horizontal stationary and portable types,
i== J jJE CRSfcanflJj We have one that will fii your needs. Call
TCTfrrft W on us and we will gladly explain,
j, ]jj For sale by CARTERS WATKINS
Georgia Schoo;
I of Technology
©1 ' S * >eUer ei l ul PP et l and organized in
t pared to do the best work in its history.
*j|| In order to afford the young men
1 of Georgia high class technical cduci
tion, fifteen free scholarships arc
" assigiied to each County in the
For further information address K. u.
JL MATHESON, A.M.,LL.D.*Pres, Atlanta,Ga.
STEVENS
C.For Trap or Field a STEVENS
SINGLE cr DOUBLE BARREL
SHOTGUN is Ideal. Low in Price
—High in Quality—good gun value
right through! Made in standard
gauges, lengths, weights, etc.—
Hammer or Hammcrle3s Styles.
STEVENS SHOTGUNS
SNOOT STRAIGHT AND CTRONG
For O lio Vy all proi-rea- Scad for 100-pazelUna
tvi Hardware and Crated Catalog deacrib-
Sporting Gooda Mer- ing entlro output,
chants. If you cannot He., attract!., cover
obtain, wo anlp direct. In colors. Mallod for
ern-cro prepaid, upon S cent* In ta:nj> to
receipt cf Catalog pa 7 poatagr.
flit?.
j- st^vens
ARMS & TOOL CO.
T. O. Do- 4093.
*/ Falls
“The Men Did the Work Faithfully."
You cannot set the world right, or
the times, but you can do something
for the truth, and all you can do will
certainly tell if the work you do is
for the Master, who gives you your
share. And so the burden of respon
sibility is lifted.
This assurance makes peace, satis
faction and repose possible, even in
the partial work done upon earth. Go
to the man who is carving a stone for
a building. Ask him wnere that
stone is going, to what part of the
temple, and how hte is going to get It
into place, and what does he do? He
points you to the builder’s plans.
This is only one stone of many. So,
when men shall ask where and how
your little achievement Is going into
God’s plan, point them to your Mas
ter, who keeps the plans, and then go
on doing your little service as faith
fully as if the whole temple were
yours to build. —Phillips Brooks.
R BUILDINGSy
FROM FIRE M
1 1 ljy j-M V< AS3ESTOS W ROOFING
cause it is made of A.sbeatos, ■
an indestructible mineral,
■ which is not affected by fire, M
rust, rot or wear. Easily ap- ■
R roofing that is permanently m
U durable. You can save money I
fj Ask for samples and prices. H
| H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE CO.
M Dept. R„ tOO WILLIAM ST. |
Glenn Grateful to Hughes.
Governor Glenn, in a letter to Gov
ernor Hughes - , of New York, thanks
him warmly in the name of North
Carolina for refusing to accept bonds
repudiated by North Carolina iu or
der to bring suit for them.
If time la money, prisons should be
great financial institutions.