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W', XX]I
OCTOBER M,=lBR
The White Store.
*
WILL BEGIN A GRAND “CUT RATE SALE” IN SEASONABLE MERCHANDISE. I
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CLOTHING.
i, |2.50 worth $4.50
i, $1.50 worth $7.00.
S $5.00 worth SB.OO.
00l Scotch Cheviots, $0.50 worth flo.OO.
As English Serge, $12.50 worth $16.50.
fs lime ilocknain Serge, $18.50 worth $25.00.
>uly a lew of the many bargains we have for you in this de*
■nt anil only ask that you inspect our stock, and you 'will be
I get suited:
le above is only a part of the many bargains we have to offer you during our “Cut Rate Sale” which begins Mon-
I October Ist, and will continue from day to day. You have a Free Ticket to attend this Sale; we only ask you to
F see OIIr goods and prices, and if you don’t look sharp we will sell you something before yon leave the store.
I "STOUT’S Tx'ull^t
THOMPSON BROS., Prop’s. White Store, Jackson, GaJ
purs UTTER
Bmmissioner of Agricul
■ Talks to Farmers.
lons of Georgia crops.
MtfMlrytuen'il Convention Will
—Valuable Points Discuss-
Bi', utiun—The Sowing: of Wheat
I Upon—-Now’s the Time to Dig
Hitutoes—Select Seed Corn.
STM ENT OF AGRICULTURE,
Atlanta, Oct. 1, 1894.
eting at Griffin, for the purf
(Mnixing the dairymen’s asso
ias set on foot a movement
ittracting a good deal of at
uoug farmers and stock breed
will, it is hoped, result not
e permanent improvement of
lands and our stock, but will
w source of revenue and stim
diversity of crops necessary
Jessful farmers. A good part
t month’s talk was devoted to
isiou of commercial fertilizers,
> their judicious use is in their
’mlition essential to our farms,
be elements taken off in the
crops must be returned, unless
see our lands become entirely
tive and unprofitable, yet the
use of the commercial goods
deprecated. They are expen-
Kthe history of agriculture
t where the farmer persists in
first or raw products of
Wind depends entirely on buy
■ements of fertility removed by
B*. his business becomes un-
B and if the raw product is
■ tobacco, whose clean cyiltiva-
Bs little liumus iu the soil, his
■ at last refuse to respond sat-
B. even under the stimulus of
Bl commercial fertilizers* To
B business pay, it is important
Blant at least a portiou of our
■ crops whleh we ourselves can
Bure into higher and better
Brms. Iu an article iu the eur-
Bber of The Southern Cultiva
te called attention to a carefully
■ table which shows that at the
B* hay,*that is SI,OOO worth of
Bi remove from the soil sto
■ much fertility as butter, and
Be fat cattle remove more than
Bd butter, they do not take off
■ a* wheat and the other grains.
> review of this subjeot- fur-
Biitional evidence of what has
Bften asserted, namely that the
Bhioh will pay best is that by
B take off the smallest amount
Biaents of fertility and at the
B grow profitable crops. In
B r, b. a judicious system of dairy
■ Mil gradually restore even the
i r i -'Oils, because by feeding our
■H cotton seed meal, etc., we
Ifieat and milk and at the same
in the manure plant pro-
THE JACKSOI 11 EDS.
diiftipg elemefits to the value of two
thirds of tne food given, which being
returned to the soil in the very best
form for future crops, continues tho
manufacturing process.- But the work
Ebe practically carried on, uiql not
anure alone, "but every product of
irm—milk, meat, butter, cheese
must be utilized. If, iu conjunction
with this process of manufacturing the
raw materials, we also plant lugumi
nous crops, peas and clover, Ave can by
tljat intelligent use of commercial fer
tilizers not only increase these crops
that feed the laud and are of high val
ue for feeding cattle, but we come to
the point where we have grasped the se
cret of successful and profitable farm
ing. We make not only a saleable pro
duct in meat and milk, but we get ma
terials to build up our lands and make
other and more productive money crops,
all of which is accomplished by meth
ods less depleting to both land and
pocket, than the too prevalent plan of
drilling in a little fertilizer to force a
ATop from the soil, leaving it after each
Application more exhausted than before.
During the convention mentioned
nhpvo, there was elicited much valuable
information relating to dairying, and as
the generality of farmers are practical
ly barred from participating in such
meetings, I propose to lay before them,
through the medium of the department
publications, some of the more import
ant points discussed and their relations
to the industry from which we hope so
; much fot Georgia.
First, as to the market for dairy
Sf products. Ip Atlanta, one firm alone
daring the season about four
of cheese, and throughout
i the whole amount imported is
at least 100 times as much. The impor
tation of butter is much greater, and ail
Af this oau be made within our own
boundaries. Second, our means for sup
ping this market. We already know
what can be done with butter, and it
has been demonstrated at our experi
ment station that cheesemaking in
Georgia is not. only practicable, but can
to made profitable.
The stock business is one of the best
In Which any people can engage, and
When it goes hand in hand with profita
ble dairying, there can be no question
•f the prosperity of the section which is
so fortunate as to combine tho two.
In order to realize our advantages for
dairy farming, let us contrast Georgia
With Wisconsin, for instance, whose
weekly income from dairy products
during the shipping season is $500,000,
and her annual export to England of the
one item of cheese is worth $2,000,000.
Wisconsin is smaller iu area and also in
copulation than Georgia, her blizzards
are severe and disastrous, and for at least
mix months in the year all nature is
locked in snow and ice. In Georgia we
have an equable climate, and there is
Hot a month in the year m which it
would be necessary to keep the cattle
housed. We can have green food all
v-gar round, and as a summer pa>t
g; devalue of our native Bermuda is
York-two state,
earning on a profitable dairy business
-a-windmills are necessary to pump up
SJtrater supply, which often fails.
The hundreds of creeks and small rivers
iri Georgia furnish a nevor-failing sup
"L Notwithstanding the disadvan
of some winters, blizzards lack of
ai n many instances hundreds
Jf a iS’os distant from seaports, the dairy
SHOES.
1/en’s Brogans, 98c, worth $1 25.
Men’s Kip Ties, $1.15, the $1.50 kind,
lien’s .Satin Oil Calf A?als. $1.25 worth $1.75.
Men's .Satiu Oil Congress, $2.00, worth $2.50.
Men's Fine French Calf Shoes, $4410 worth $6.00.
Hamilton & Brown’s .Shoes $2.50 worth $2.50.
Evitt Airos., French A'id, $3.50 kind, now $2.50.
Children’s Shoes, 35c. and 50c. worth 5Cc and 75c.
5,000 other shoes cheap enough to buy with 5 cent cotton.
t
product of these states exceeds iu value
the lumber, wheat and iron of the
whole country combined.
In Georgia, we have soil, climate,
grass, water, and by properly utilizing
these free gifts, it is possible to bring
to our state a trade of from $30,000,000
to $50,000,000 annually. For, unlike
Wisconsin, which is 1,500 miles away
from a seaport, we have our own ports
—Savannah and Brunswick —right at
our doors.
SOWING WHfcvt
Besides the gathering of the crops,
the sowing of wheat is work now call
ing for attention. A good rule as to
time of sowing is to regulate this so as
to have the crop come up about the time
of the first killing frost. This will pre
vent the ravages of the fly, often so de
structive, and the wheat takes better
root and grows off more vigorously than
in warm weather. The best situations
for this crop are on the high knolls with
a northern exposure, and the quality of
the laud should be heavy, close and
rich. Where these are not natural
conditions, we should always imi
tate them as closely as possible,
by artificial means. The plant does not
like a loose, open soil, therefore after
breaking, which should be very thor
oughly done by cross plowing if needed,
bring the roller and harrow into use, and
after the surface lias been brought to the
finest tilth, sow the seed, which must
previously be soaked iu Milestone, cover
ing about two inches. Harrow, then
finish with a heavy rolling, in order to
compact the soil aud bring up the seed
evenly and uniformly. It should have
been emphasized that wheat exacts
larger supplies of rich food, which must
be made entirely available. It demands
nitrogen especially, and also requires a
full proportion of phosphoric acid and
potash.
Asa previous crop pea vines or clover
are best, but if turned under should
have sufficient time to thoroughly de
compose, aud will supply iu great part
the most costly element, uitrogren.
Whatever commercial fertilizer is used,
should be applied at the time the seed is
sown, aud should be harrowed in with
the seed. While these conditions would
indicate that wheat is an expensive
crop, it is yet good policy to plant
enough for home use. The bran and
shorts being fed to stock are returned to
the land, aud the straw is used for
forage and bedding. As the bran and
shorts contain the principal constitu
ents, which the grain takes from the
soil, it follows that, if these are properly
fed and applied, and the straw also,
that the cost of the crop is much re
duced. The red seed of Mediterranean
origin are better suited than the white
varieties.
SWEET POTATOES.
Towards the last of the month select
a drv spell and dig the sweet potatoes.
If the vines have been previously pas
tured off, the ground has a better oppor
tunity to dry off and it will be found
that the potatoes are also dryer, two
most favorable conditions for saving the
crop successfully. Separate those which
are cut or bruised from the sound ones.
This cannot be too carefully attended
to; handle carefully, and dry as far as
possible before banking. The methods
for banking have been very fully dis
cussed in previous reports.
GROUND PEAS.
At least a sufficient Quantity for seed
JACKSON. GA. ; THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1894.
should be dug before the frost loosens
the roots from the vines. Before the
frost kills the vines, it is comparatively
easy with a fork to loosen and lift the
nuts and vines together. Lay them in
rows, vines at the bottom, nuts on top.
Allow them to cure and it will be a
much easier matter to gather the nuts,
and the vines are good forage. This is
a crop which pays well, if only to feed
to the porkers intended for killing this
winter.
SELECT THE SEED CORN.
Now is the time to selecet your seed
corn for the coming year, before the
crop is gathered, picking out the best
developed stalks having the largest and
most perfect ears. Gather and see that
it is well dried and stored where it
willbe free from injury. This is a good
rule to apply to all seed intended for
planting another crop. Select the best,
and take care that they are well pro
tected until needed at planting time.
In cotton, the largest aud earliest ma
tured bolls should be selected from the
best developed, stocky plants.
TERRACING.
To what better use could we put any
spare time of this season than in laying
plans to prevent the washing away of
our soils- We know the importance of
this question, and there are many days
too wet to pick cotton, which furnish
us the very opportunity that we need.
Let us study the best methods of ditch
ing and terracing and combining these
with our own experience, let us perfect
our plans, and having carefully laid the
foundation, let us steadily carry them
out. This work cannot be done hur
riedly or imperfectly, aud should be set
ou foot at once. It is too late, when
the, big rainfalls begin to come. The
terraces, should be settled and com
pacted before these heavy spring rains.
A good plan is to sow them in rye or
wheat as soon as they are made.
FALL OATS.
It is not yet too late to sow a crop of
fall oats. Let me again urge its impor
tance. It is encouraging to note that
Georgia’s barns are full to overflowing,
that we have enough and to spare to
our less fortunate western brothers, but
let us not pause in the reform -which we
have so successfully commenced. Let
us put in a full crop of fall oats and
make “assurance doubly sure.”
E. T. Nesbitt, Com’r.
PEAYINES AND PEA STUBBLE.
About what difference does it make
in the improvement of the land be
tween plowing peavines under and cut
ting them off for hay and plowing un
der the stubble? H. O. Y., Bremen.
A recent experiment at the experi
ment station of Arkansas gave a yield
of 1,409 pounds of seed cotton where the
peas were picked and the vines turned
under; 1,294 where the vines were cut
for hay and the stubble turned under.
A plat of the same land upon which no
peas were planted gave a yield of 1,008
pounds of seed cotton. It is evident
from these yields that the land was
comparatively well supplied with or
ganic matter, and in our opinion on
poorer land the difference at least in
percentage of increase would be greater
from the use of the entire vine.
DRESS GOODS.
\\ e can do you good in this line. JAiss Lula Browning has charge of
this department. .She has been with one of the largest Dry Goods
houses in JAacou, where she had charge of the dress making.
She can tell you how to make your dress, and cordially invites
you to see her if you wear dresses. She can show you some
beautiful goods this week at prices that will please you.
SPECIALS Aii Jeans .Sheeting, checks, etc. Heavy cotton checks
3 l-2c worth oe: 4 4 heavy sheeting 5c worth 7e. Heavy wool
Jeans 15c worth 25c. Good Style Ginghams 5c worth 7 l-2c.
Good Pins lc per paper. A>all Thread ic per ball.
Cort'icelli .Spool Silk—all shades—l cent per spool.
GENERAL; REMARKS.
The 801 l Worm Is Damaging: the Cotton
Crop to a Very Great Extent.
The last month has brought but little
change in the crop conditions through
out- the state. Considered as a whole,
the weather has been rather unfavora
ble than favorable, and both corn and
cotton have suffered to some extent.
COTTON.
The receipts of cotton at the interior
towns verifies the reports of the depart
ment that in many localities the crop is
from 10 to 15 days late. The/jontinued
rains in North Georgia hafe added to
the development of weed at the ex
pense of the maturing of the crop, ren
dering it liable to greater damage from
early frost.
In Special localities great damage is
reported from boll worms, indeed we
are not aware of any occasion or year in
which the crop has been injured to such
an extent by this pest. The ravages of
the worm is reported as amounting to a
disaster in Jasper county, and the in
jury by them as unparalleled in Oconee
and Oglethorpe counties.
It is with regret that we note the
falling price of our staple crop, and that
it now commands a price far below re
munerative figures at which it can be
produced. The commissioner in a re
cent monthly talk called special atten
tion to the effect that proper handling
of the crop would have on the price it
would command in the market. We
would emphasize this and urge our
farmers to exercise ca*e in gathering
and handling the crop. In the event a
farmer should consider it desirable to
hold his crop, or any part of it, let him
see to it that it is properly protected
from the weather, and that no deterio
ration in grade takes places by neglect
ful exposure on his part. The lessons
we should learn from the present ruin
ous prices are severely taught, but let
us, as far as possible, profit by them
and improve the condition and capacity
of our land, diversify our crops and
render ourselves independent and our
farms selfsustaining. It may not be
amiss to call attention to another mat
ter in this connection, which has been
often touched upon in the publications
of the department, and that is the at
tention we should pay to the marketing
of any side crop of which we may have
a surplus. The fact that our money
crop has always found ready bidders
for cash in city and village has led to
carelessness in the disposition of the
smaller products of the farm, and many
dollars have been lost by indifference in
this matter. It behooves us to husband
every resource. In response to our in
quiry the method of saving sweet pota
toes adopted by a thrifty farmer which
has proven profitable to him will be
GROCERIES.
Our Grocery room is full of just such goods as you want and the
prices are light.
1,200 pounds .dim and Hammer brand Soda at 4 cents per pound.
Good Flour only $2.85 per barrel Every sack guaranteed.
New .4uow Cotton Ties 80 cents per bunch.
Our Grocery room is in charge of Beauregard ilAoore, and he says you
only have to come to see him to get up a trade, for he knows he
has the goods and the prices that will suit you.
found Tn the inquiry column of this re
port. The profit to the farmer results
from the difference in price between a
glutted market and a market in which
a food product is scarce and the de
mand steady. Georgia is among the
three first states in the production of
sweet potatoes, and by exercising the
same pains, taking the care adopted by
the farmer we have mentioned, the crop
could be made the source of much
greater profit.
CORN.
We note no substantial change in the
corn crop since our report for August.
With the failure of the crops in the
west we are to be congratulated on the
prospective yield in Georgia.
POTASH.
Why is it that in the usual commer
cial fertilizer so much less potash is put
than phosphoric acid ?
W. A. TANARUS.; Columbus.
Asa rule, the lands of America con
tain much more potash that is available
for plant food than they do of phospho
ric acid. They also in many cases con
tain gravel, which by gradual disinte
gration, i3 constantly contributing to
the potash supply of the soil. As to
the amount of the two elements’ de
mand, it will depend entirely upon the
character of the crop. Another reason
presents itself in that the portion of the
plant info which the phosphoric acid
enters is usually consumed and not re
turned to the soil, while that into which
potash enters in the hands of the care
ful farmer finds its way back to the
field. For example, phosphoric acid is
the chief portion of the wheat grain
which is entirely removed from the soil
while the potash enters principally into
the straw, which is in part left on land
or fed to stock and returned in the form
of manure. In animal consumption of
grain, into which both elements enter,
more of the phosphoric acid is taken up
by the body than the potash. Hence, it
is easily seen that where a proper sys
tem of agriculture prevails that more of
the potash is returned to the
soil in the form of manure.
CUT HAY.
In feeding hay to horses do you con
sider it best to feed the hay whole or
cut? F. A. P., Waynesboro.
It is much better to feed your horses
cut hay than whole hay. Two horses
subjected to the same amount of work
and one fed.on cut hay and the other
on whole hay will show the former in a
§hort time in jjinuch better condition
than the latter. In the east and west
it is the usual custom to run hay
through a cutter before feeding, and as
the condition and working capacity of
our stock is essential to prosperity, it
would be well for us to profit by this
example.
OFFICIAL ORGAN.
*
INfIRMSWMI.
Valuable Information Upon the
Farming Subject.
FERTILIZERS RECEIVE ATTENTION
Where to Get Yoar Seed Cotton—Sugges
tions In Regard to Burr Clover—Best
Way to Feed Corn Meal Bran to Hogs.
The Depth to Apply Commercial Fertil
izers on Lands.
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, Oct. 1, 1894.
I desire to manure my orchard with
farmyard manure. What is the proper
time? Y. A. TANARUS., Macon.
Farmyard manure is apt to create too
vigorous a growth at the expense of
your fruit. If used it should be dis
tributed in the fall, so that the growth
that takes place will be in the spring
and not in the summer months.
BOLL WORM.
We have been very much annoyed
and great damage has been done in this
section of the state by the boll worm.
Is there any remedy? J. A. H.,
Monticello.
’ As the depredations of the boll worm
are within the boll, it is very difficult to
reach them, and nearly all remedies
have proven of but little effect. The
usual methods of contending with the
common cotton worm, or caterpillar,
have been found to some extent palia
tive. Such as the use of arsenical pois
ons and the moth trap lamp.
Asa preventive where land freezes to
a considerable depth during the winter,
fall plowing will be found very bene
ficial. A rotation of crop3 where the
small grains can be used is also bene
ficial. It must We remembered that the
corn worm and boll worm are the
same.
BARLEY.
What sort of a crop for pasturage does
barley make? B. H. J., Monticello.
It has been said that one acre of bar
ley will furnish more grazing than fine
acre each of wheat, oats and rye com
bined. It makes an excellent pasturage
and can be grazed in fall and winter
and then give a good yield of grain. In
California it is the great animal food
crop, and all stock thrive upon it. It
should be planted in very rich soil and
it will be found useless to sow in any
other. It should also be sown in soil
well prepared.
As to cultivation, it is sown broad
cast, and hence requires no hoeing, and
can be harvested with a mower.
SPREADING MANURE.
Would you advise spreading manure
on land f* l ! ana winter as hauled
CONTINUED ON THIRD PAGE.
NO 39.