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Read the above advice
SEVEN TIMES RIGHT NOW
Do I r ()UK Itnnkinir with (IS.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK
THIS IS IT
You will need to buy
a piece of
CUT GLASS
in a few days.
We have the right
goods at the
right price.
Beautiful Patterns,
Deep Cut and
rich in looks.
How about a cut glass
Vase for 25 cents?
Come in - Come quick
See for yourself.
L. B. KENNINGTON
FARM LOANS
Lowest Rates. Negotiated by
L. A. WHIPPLE
A ttorney-at-Law
Hawkmsville , Georgia
THE COCHRAN JOURNAL, COCHRAN, GEORGIA.
SPRAYING TIME
IS NEARAT HAND
State Board of Entomology Tells How
to Keep Down the San
Jose Scale.
Atlanta, Ga. —It is about spraying
time with the orchard men of Geor
gia. Spraying has come to be about
as important a feature of fruit-grow
ing as plowing is of farming.
The first spraying for San Jose
scale is usually done from the first
to the middle of November, and the
second from the first to the 15th of
February, or just before the trees
begin to bud. In well conducted or
chards, where the scale has shown
any sign of acquiring a foothold, two
sprayings are made each season,
though in many cases orchard men
spray only one time, usually just be
fore the buds begin to appear on the
trees. The double spraying, however,
has been found both advantageous
and profitable, says the State Depart
ment of Entomology, in that it practi
cally rids the orchard of the insect so
far as any damage is concerned during
tlie fruit season.
Ever since the scale was introduc
ed into Georgia, presumably by in
fected nursery stock from New Jer
sey, there has been a constant fight
of the fruit growers to mitigate and
lessen its destructiveness, it seems
impossible entirely to eradicate, but
by careful attention and thorough
spraying, its ravages may be reduced,
says State Entomologist E. Lee Wor
sham, to a practically insignificant
minimum.
The San Jose scale was first dis
covered in this country in San Jose,
California, in the early seventies. That
was where it got its name. It was
brought to this country either from
Japan or China. It spread rapidly
from California and by 1887 reached
New Jersey. In ten years more it
had gotten a foothold in practically
all of the fruit growing states, and
since its introduction into Georgia
in 1889, it has spread to more thaii
100 counties. Latterly, however, its
spread has been slow, owing to the
rigid laws enforced against it by the
State Board of Entomology.
Work of the Scale.
This pest is a small Insect which
covers itself with a waxy scale under
which It lives. It attacks all parts of
the tree, trunk, stem, leaves and
fruit. The trees are injured by the
extraction of the plant juices and
by poisoning of the sap through the
punctures made by the insect. As
these insects increase very rapidly,
an infested tree will soon become
entirely covered, turning grayish in
color and dying if nothing is done
to stop the ravages of the scale.
Young trees are injured more rapidly
than old ones, and may be killed en
tirely within two or three years.
So far as has been determined
by careful experiments, the most
effective remedy is spraying with
either a manufactured or home
made preparation of lime and sul
phur.
There are various soluble oils sold
by manufacturers for spraying for San
Jose scale, a number of which have
been thoroughly tested out by the
State Department of Entomology. In
bulletins which it has issued the de
partment gives a statement of the re
sults attained from the use of these
oils and emulsions, which in a num
number of instances were eminently
satisfactory.
The Best Remedy.
When everything is said, there is
no doubt about the fact that the best
results have been attained by the use
of the home-made lime sulphur solu
tion. This is made of 21 pounds of
stone lime, 18 pounds of flour of sul
phur and fifty gallons of water. To
prepare, mix the sulphur into a paste
with a small amount of hot water,
then add fifteen or twenty gallons of
hot water. Stir until the sulphur is
well mixed and then add the lime.
Boil vigorously for forty-five minutes.
To secure the dirty greenish-yellow
color, which the solution will have
when properly boiled, may take long
er or less time, depending on how it
is cooked. Many now use steam in
cooking this solution, which is by far
the best way. When boiled sufficient
ly dilute with water to fifty gallons,
and spray on trees while the solution
is still warm. Use only on dormant
trees.
This is the most inexpensive and,
at the same time, the most effective
remedy known for San Jose scale.
There are a number of prepared lime
sulphur solutions made by the vari
ous chemical companies, which are
equally effective in the destruction of
the scale, and which may be used
at approximately the same cost as the
home-made preparation. Where a
very small quantity is needed, it is
perhaps cheaper to use the ready
made solutions than to purchase the
necessary equipment for making it.
Both the manufactured and the home
made solutions have been found equal
ly effective in scale eradication in
Georgia, but the home-made goods,
carrying a heavier percentage of free
lime, eventually clean the trees more
thoroughly of rough bark and dead
scales. Another advantage of the ex
cess of lime is that it leaves the trees
white, thus showing any part of the
tree not sprayed.
Two Sprayings Best.
Two sprayings, one in the late fall
and one in the very early spring be
fore the buds come out, should ef
fectually keep down the scale in any
orchard. The department does not en
courage summer spraying because a
spray strong enough to kill the scale
will also seriously injure the foliage
of the trees. It is considered far bet
ter in most cases to postpone spraying
until the trees are dormant, then ap
ply the strong lime-sulphur solution,
which will give effective results.
For small orchards the ordinary
barrel outfit with one or two leads
of hose and good nozzles, should be
employed; but in large orchards it
is essential to use power outfits. It
is extremely important to apply poi
sons with force, if good results are to
he obtained.
SELECTING SEED
FOR THHIEW CROP
Ten Important Suggestions Given the
Farmer by the State Board
of Entomology.
Atlanta, Ga.—The time has come
when the farmers of Georgia must
select their cotton seed for next year’s
planting; and in view’ of the many
pests and diseases to which the plant
is now subject, this is no simple or
easy task.
The State Board of Entomology lays
down ten rules of suggestions rela
tive to cotton seed selection which,
if followed carefully by the fanners,
will materially assist them in elimi
nating plant pests and diseases from
their fields.
Generally speaking, the seed should
be selected from the strongest and
hardiest plants, such as are free from
diseases and which have the greatest
percentage of fruit properly located.
More specifically, the selection shoulu
be made, says State Entomologist E.
Lee Worsham, with reference to re
sistance to black root or wilt disease;
resistance to root knot and anthrac
nose; fruitfulness and earliness; per
centage of lint; type of plant and dis
tribution of fruit on the plant.
In selecting for resistance to black
root or wilt disease the plant should
be chosen from that section of the
field where the ordinary cotton suffer
ed greatest damage. Here, however,
the selection should be made of the
hardiest and best developed plants.
Watch Out for Root Knot.
Care should also be taken to se
lect those plants which are resistant
to root knot or nematode worms. The
nematode worm is a parasite on the
roots of plants which causes knots,
commonly known as nematode galls
or root knot. The plant is stunted
and sometimes killed. As the com
mon cowpea is very susceptible to
this worm, it is dangerous to follow
such a pea crop with cotton. The wilt
resistant strains are somewhat re
sistant to root knot, and the depart
ment believes by continued selection
of the most resistant plants, this qual
ity may be greatly improved.
Another thing to be avoided in the
selection of the seed is anthracnose,
a fungus disease of cotton which
causes the bolls to rot and some sea
sons does a great deal of damage, oc
casionally as high as 50 per cent, of
the bolls rotting off. All varieties
of cotton are more or less suscepti
ble to anthracnose. At present the
best way to control this disease is by
rotation of crops and by the use of
resistant varieties through careful
seed selection. A plant badly affect
ed by anthracnose should not be se
lected, even though it is very resist
ant to wilt and is well fruited.
Fruitfulness should be carefully
considered in seed selection, with a
view to increasing the yield per acre.
Where possible, the department advis
es the selection of the most fruitful
stalks by comparison.
Get Early Varieties.
Earliness is another important point
in selection, especially in Southwest
Georgia, where it will be necessary
next year to meet the invasion of the
cotton boll weevil. Two ways are
suggested of securing an early resist
ant strain. First by crossing the wilt
resistant strain with early varieties,
and second by selecting the earliest
plants from the resistant strains now
at hand. It is believed that the indi
vidual selection of the earliest plants
will be the quickest and best method.
The department advises that no
stalk should be selected which yields
less than 33 1-3 per cent, of lint. In
its own work it discards all stalks
that yield less than 34 per cent, of
lint. The only satisfactory method of
determining the quality of lint yield
ed by a stalk is to gin each stalk sep
arately with a hand gin.
Care should be taken also as to the
type of plant chosen. The best stalks
to select are those having long fruit
ing limbs close to the ground, and
with joints close together. The fewer
large stalking branches a plant has
the better, provided the fruiting
branches are more numerous.
In the matter of distribution and
arrangement of fruit over the stalk,
it is best to select the plants that
have the most fruit on the lower part,
because these begin fruiting earlier.
Roguing is regarded as an import
ant practice in the selection of cot
ton seed. That is, where a field is to
be used particularly for the selec
tion of seed, the diseased and stunted
stalks should be cut out about July
1 or August 1, to prevent crossing
with the producing plants and there
by reducing their resistance.
Care in Ginning.
The next thing is proper ginning.
The cotton selected for seed should
be ginned on a hand gin, if possible.
This does away with danger of adul
teration or mixture with diseased
seed. If the cotton is ginned on a
public gin, all of the seed should be
removed from the breast of the gin
and other parts before the cotton is
run through, and the seed should be
allowed to drop on the floor or on a
sheet; it should never be allowed to
run through the seed carrying auger.
The work on the wilt disease of
cotton, development of resistant
strains and seed selection, has been
in charge of Mr. A. C. Lewis, assist
ant state entomologist, since 1905. Un
der his direction there have been de
veloped a number of resistant hybrids,
and this special seed has been fur
nished to farmers in many sections
of the state.
The State Board of Entomology will
be glad to assist any farmer in mak
ing individual seed selections. Where
this assistance is desired, he should
save a few rows on a portion of his
field without picking it, and write the
state entomologist requesting to have
some one sent to assist in making the
selections.
The State Board of Entomology
owns a small gin operated by elec
tricity, and will take great pleasure
in ginning, free of charge, small quan
tities of seed that has been carefully
selected. The seed cotton can be
sent by parcels post and the seed
will be properly labeled and returned.
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A burglar may have watched you
hide that money. You may lose it.
Put it in this Bank, where it will be
safe in our burglar and fire proof vault,
and from which you can withdraw it
at any time on demand.
All your neighbors do this.
Why not you.
Deposits Insured
riTIZENS’ BANK
J A. FISHER, /. S. HELMS,
President V. President
GLOVER M. BURNEY,
Cashier
Special Notice!
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absolutely first cost.
Get our prices before you buy.
Cochran Lumber Co.
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COCHRAN, GEORGIA
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