Newspaper Page Text
r- *8*§l ‘ .4
\OL XVI.
COMMI S.ONElt NESBITTS
Monthly Talk With the Fanners
of Georgia.
Department or Agriculture,
Atlanta, Nov. 1,1882.
The month of October, on the whole,
has been most favorable fur gathering
the crops of corn and cotton, and toe
fanners have shown great energy and
care in placing the fleecy staple beyond
the reach of injury from unfavorable
weather.
Throughout the state the yield is toe
poorest almost in ten bare, yea^s. nothing Today in the the plants fields
are
to mature. In other words, the crop is
gathered for this season, and the malts
are most unsatisfactory. There has sot
been in years a season in which toe ab¬
sence of favorable climate and soil con¬
ditions marked. has bomi more conspicuously
made Where tu time the and proper the preparations soil bad, even were in
moderate quantities, the requisite ele¬
ments for plantjgrowth, and where en¬
ergy and sound judgment have charac¬
terized the planting and subsequent cul¬
tivation, the yield fairly is, notwithstanding good. But
adverse seasons,
where there was late planting, all, light
manuring, or no manuring at and and im¬
where the cultivation was slow
perfect, the yield is the poorest I have
ever known.
The experience convince of the past twenty-five farmer,
years should every
who was allured by the the high prices into fol¬ of
cotton directly "one-crop” after war that
agricultural lowing the people system, made greater an
never a all
mistake than in staking their on a
single issue. The making of these suc¬
cessive borrowed crops has cost not only consumed vast sums
of money, but has
time and talent and energy, and worn
out a soil that once possessed every ele¬
ment for producing, in abundance, all
the crops suited to our climate and sec¬
tion. I have been forcibly, indeed pain¬
fully, impressed the past season with
the undeniable fact that most of our
surface soil is lost to us forever, and,
even in more favored sections, where
the lands are level, the manifest decline,
in both plant growth and yield, apprehension are so
marked as to cause grave
for the future success of our agriculture. system
This depleting, indefinitely, wearing out the end
cannot continue around,
must come ere many years roll
and then what are we to do ? We have
had all the teams and every down farm hill appli¬ since
ance pulling everything nearly reached the
the war, we have
bottom, and what then? Can you show
me any section of the state where the
farms have been made richer and more
productive? Of course there are in¬
dividual exceptions, and where you find
these exceptions supplies you and generally prosperity. find
plenty of home
But mTm rule the answer to this ques¬
tion must lie unfavorable. Tlie truth is
our farm* ere growing poo*or with each
succeeding crop. We all realize that it
is much easier to exhaust ami tear down
than to reclaim and build up these old
fields. But they can be reclaimed, and
we owe it to ourselves, to our children
to set qbout the task.
It is estimated that only abont 5 per
cent, of those engaged in trade ever ac¬
cumulate wealth, quite a large number
succeed in gaining a comfortable sup¬
port, but many in all occupations from
various causes, often from lack of en¬
ergy or proper business qualifications, become
fail of their object, and these
the chronic grumblers and fault-finders
in every community, and attribute to
bad laws and unfavorable seasons the
misfortunes and disappointments which
have fallen to their lot.
ever ready to take on any information
dependence sisart from rsjs his chosen occupation, •wss
ass ‘SS
the meet extnUlinary efforts to gain the a
gr^ategtocare*in livolihnrMl have learned every^ermmt to exercise
saving of
plant food; in concentrating their work;
“"They
have ^st burning learned the lesson which we arc
to study—that is, how to
reap the largest smallest and most profitable These
vieW from the area.
thoughtful, busy workers are demon
etrating that, even under continuous
cultivation, lands can be worked at a
jjrofit and at the same time kept up to
a high degree of productiveness.
To realize the utter absurdity and
hopelessness of continuing to cultivate
land in the same crop without rest or
change. one needs only to ride over this
state and examine the yield on these
fields, which have been devoted to cot
ton year after year. To a thoughtful
mind the sight is a most depressing position one.
We generally occupy the
which we make for onrselves, and we
cannot reasonably hope to fill a higher
one. The farmer who allows his lands
to "run down” year after year and then
expects to realize an independence from
them, is making the grand mistake of
his life. It is the man and not the farm
that determines its value. It is true
that there is a difference in location,
climate and nature of soil, but there is
a wider difference in the men who use
these conditions. Professor Brewer
well illustrates this idea by a case which
came under his own observation. A
neighbor bought a farm for 820 an acre.
He so improved it that in three years he
was offered AiOO an acre tor it At his
death it sold for >2% an acre. In a few
vears the purchaser sold it for »100 an
acre to a man who finally disposed of
it for |12 favored an acre. climate holds
In our nature
out to ua every encouragement. Let us
read and think for ourselves. Let us
emulate the example of our more pro
fs gressive and successful neighbor. There
plenty pf room at the top of the lad
der. only crowding and struggle disappointment
at the bottom. Let us "higher
up.' where comfort and almndanc*
await us. R. T. Nesbitt.
, -AXHRmiSEm.mr Commissi oner,
Since the October report was ireued
we har^ had plentv ii of gnnshine and
warm nearly weather the entire saw. ^-tingcr^bver Fanners have
-
The Crawfordville Democrat.
iihi ^ v .
1 .W. Nealon, Prop. J. M. Nealon, Editor.
and with a few weeks of fine
weather the entire crop will be gathered,
in middle Georgia cotton is nearly all
icked, the and ia northern Cere
feotyia much of crop is oak
K a therm* and the housing of toe peas fine has
weather, intinued and rapidly through of th* work is
completed. a great part
COTTON.
While the fine weather has been fa
vorable to cotton picking, yet the entire
absence at moisture 1ms not been with¬
out its injurious effects. With oc¬
casional showers the small top crop
would halve matured, whereas bolls by have the
dry, want weather, small
been forced open prematurely. The
lint from such bolls is very tight, From and
in careful ginning consideration goes largely to of motes. and
a condition reports of
z sonai observation at the
cnmja a part of the state, we feel
9 ingeytac that the crop for this
year of that wfflnofWWettkjhan of last These 65 figures per cent, take
into consideration year. only the small
not
yield per acre, but also the reduction in
acreage.
OOBN.
The corn crop of this year is the
largest made in the state for a number
of years. While the crop of last year
probably in tbs northern part of the
state exceeded in increased the yield per acre, and yet
considering in other the portiona of acreage the state,
the yield the
the department regards this as
largest crop during the {Mat decade.
GRAIN.
The sowing of wheat and oata
been retarded by the dry weather, bat
we trust that the farmers will put is
larger crops of small grain than hereto¬
fore. The fall is the proper time to
begin to prepare for a decreased acreage
in cotton, and for bringing up land who by
diversified fanning. Let those
have undertaken to renovate their lands
and to make their farms self-sustaining this the
continue in their efforts, iu
right direction. The advance made in
the price of cotton leads to be the always hope of
higher prices, but let it re¬
membered that if a better price is to be
obtained that the acreage must be re¬
duced and the size or the crop di
minisbed. Over-production will alt ways
result in a depression of the market, and
living prices cannot be hand. expected where
a surplus remains on
WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT.
Perhaps more than agricultural any other depart¬ depart¬
ment ol state the
ment has been confronted with opposi¬
tion. In many instances this opposition work of
grow* out of the fact that the
the department is not thoroughly under¬
stood m other cases out of the idea, that
supported by benefits taxation conferred the expenditures the
exceed the on
people. It is trne that a part of the
fund that supports this department fund, but such is
derived from the general great of
is only the case because a part
the fees collected through the agency of
tiie department go to the school fund.
In the biannual report of th* depart¬
ment to the governor (ha fee* gratifying collected
result was shown that the
from inspections that come under the
supervision of the department were
more than ample to meet every in expendi¬ all its
ture for the entire department
branches, with a balance in favor of the
state of over *8,000. The season from
which these figures were taken was an
unusually small one as regards the
business done in commercial fertilizers,
and is a conservative estimate unusually to place de¬
the amount that will be
rived above all exiienditures at *10,000.
During 1891-02 the change in the law in
regard to the tees of inspectors of oils
was not in full force, and an increase
from this source can be reasonably ex¬
pected.
supervision of inspection.
direct control and snp^sion of the
analysis of fertilizers we Xpehiniii-rB
ft 3 ?F?rr,'tyrt ftHvKsi
fertilizers were used were M ow
where farmers, deriving no benefit from
the goods disad\ purchased, --contesting the jrth of at
a great anta^e w
g< Tto following from the report of the
commissioner to the governor gives
briefly the law on the Hutoect of e -
tslizer inspection, with some other mat
ters of importance to the department,
The Inspection of t'ertUlz«r.
The imperative necessity for laws
governing the inspection of fertilizers
has been recognised by the legislative
bodies of nearly all the states. The
first law passed on this subject in Geor
gi a was in 1868. Being of an expen
mental character it was inadequate frauds that to
j protest against various
might be sought to be perpetrated, large and
go framed that the sulwequent
] business that developed would have
1 afforded immense revenue to the offi
cials executing the law. Under thia
law the inspector, or jmrty drawing the
; sample, the the
; was at same time cnem
ist making the analysis. It was the
duty of these officers when point requested within
to inspect fertilizers at any certificates
the state, and to furnish of
BU rh jarsmT inspection. It made unlawful for
a nv to sell fertilizers without
such certificate inspect^ of inspection, for mak
teg which the received fifty
cents a ton. The act creating this sys
tern provided for no general super
rimm of the work of the ins^-c
: tors, each ts-ing an independent officer
in that section of the state in which he
was located. Naturally, therefore,
when the act of 1874, creating tlie de
£^d partment of agriculture, was passe-1 the
! of this department inspections. was placed of in
charge of all Tim use
fertilizers ra^dly increasing the neces
gitv for a change in the law became are
p^ent. paMed and to 0*14 meet this this law the art have of beeo 1877
.
■ fJ Wcted executed as to have each would shipment have
ample, the hut protection the consumption lie
cMtMofarge been bulk
that tittpections to
| , were m ade to facilitate business. These
inspections affords no sufficient pro
, te^O, tection mg* as the goods remaining g in the
^ tht
^uentadulteratkm in which event the analywa audmani^latem. >f th- wm
Hecoico • * J
££ t w
CRAWFORDVILLE, GEORGIA, FRID W. NOVEMBER 4,
ment, With the force at the command
of the department it was found impo*
sible to make all inspections bulk in this way,
and that inspections iu were una
voidable that the business might be con
ducted without delay. Realising th
insufficiency of these inspections
{mesentsd a 141! to the last gen
eral assembly which msde a radical
change in the system. Tnis bill became
the law and does, I believe, furnish a
per feet protection against goods any orlinary
effort to place spurious on the
market and renders any class of fraud
almost nnder its certain operation, of detection. honest Already, made
errors
by manufacturers in sacking goods have
been discovered and the mistakes recti¬
fied to the advantage of the farmers.
the provisions of the new law are
such that the manufacturer or dialer
who Sells goo^i belo w the state standard,
places htaeelf to danger for of rendering and of
vmd all tra nsacti ons the year,
having the state prohibited for subs.)
Vi«it chancy for detection opportunities great that and
are so
no dealer or manufacturer would nsk
the great loss entailed by discovery of
illegitimate sales for the sake of tlie
benefits that would be derived from
fraudulent transactions. That act totally
abolishes all inspections in bulk, and all
inspections hands are made after the goods
leave the of the manufacturer or
dealer. Briefly stated, it provides that
all manufacturers or dealers must reguD
ter tbs guaranteed ana vsti of the brand
erf a fertiliser they sell or propose to
offer for sale. This guarantee is placed also
ob record in the office and is
branded on the wothont sack, that difficulty purchasers the
may arcertain
standard up order to which maintain the goods must high
come. •tmdmr&, In to a
the law also requires all am
momated goods to oouteiu two pw cent.
of wnmonlk with a totel of eight per
O—A°f Phosphoric acid and
PG^h- To give further protection, and
tetter enable purchasers by name
and without reference to the guarantee
to know something passed of order the goods under pur- fhe
chased, powerconWedby I an bill, requiring
the
aU fertilisers offwed brande.1 for registration, either of
inspection or sale as
the following: Ammoniated _ Super
phosphate, Ammoniated Dissolved Ekme,
Ammoumted Guano. Guano, Fertiliser,
or in other woids implying that the
same is an ammoniated analysis superphosphate. claim
The guaranteed must
that it contains not less than two per
cent, of ammonia (actual manufacturer or potential).
After regisuation th.
or dealer may order as many tags as he
tags - awn are n ow, more Properly speaking, gs
registration fertiliser torn, a* they do been not signify
that toe has
sampled, but only that the condition#
precedent to selhng or offering for sale
have been complied witto When the
sales are made it is the duty of the
manufacturer to notify the department of tfie
of the number of tons, the name
consignee and condiS^nSders where shipped. A failure
wttlb tb«* the role
absolutely void. The inspectors are
directed where to make inspections, as
each also sale sent is recordedm out general theoffice trips through They
are on
the territory assigned them, Ukmg sam
tVTuT'lff ^“mit^aken
overrshi t mieuttlwfact tlmta
large number are drawn in every part
of the wtate, and the inability of the
manufacturer to tell from what, which samples de
analysis will to made, upon
pends his future business in the state
and his collections, furnishes, wo tee
lieve, a perfect safeguard.
In regard to the price of fertilizers in
the state, it is gratifying to report that
our farmers are able to purchase in the union. at os
small cost as in any state lie
Our tonnage tax is so low as not to
considered in mailing tlie selling tlie price,
which was not the case while tax
remained at fifty rents per ton. While
the tax is only ten cents per ton. it will
be seen by the receipts from this source
that a sufficient sum is raised to main¬
tain the entire inspection system, and
without taxatiou, protect our farmers
from many frauds and impositions. Did
the manufacturers add ten cents P> every
ton of goods sold, which they do not,
the farmer could well afford to pay this
small fee to insure him against adul¬
terated and spurious goods, and secure
for him a service that would otherwise
cost him from ten to fifteen dollars. Ho
firmly am I convinced of the necessity
of a thorough system of inspection it by that,
eral were taxation, it necessary I believe to support the state would gen¬
be compensated by the amount saved
from burdensome litigation that would
result did no such system exist. How¬
ever, the present tonnage tax has p roven
far better than any other method and,
supporting itself, adds several thousand
dollars annually to the school fund of
the state.
GLANDERS,
As Excellency is aware, through ,
Executive your Department, and direct
the
to this department, many complaint#
have been made by letter, and in cases
of alarm, by telegram, of glanders
among stock in the state. Our Isvs
make no provision for such cases, ana
through your Excellency the I would of the re
spectfully call attention
General Assembly to the necessity of
providing some mean* to suppress loathsome and
prevent toe spread of this
disease, without deeming it proper m
this report to suggest the method. When
it has W within the power of the de
partment, without too been great investigated, an ex
penditure. cases have
but with no power to act teyond the the
investigation, and with no mean* at
command of the department, the general except
what has been saved from
fund appropriated to the department by
economy in other directions, 1 feel that
the department is unequipped to handle
the matter and to prevent the spread of
the disease now m it-, infancy , and. in
case of an emergency, to do what won hi
be necess «tj dom to prevent a disartrenade
rtrnction stock bo far a w -
tmgnesa gn the part of those who own
diseased animals to destroy them fwlte
benefit of the community has o- n
shown ; but toe owner of one
affected be killed animal .co-ictote d.ffi no: iH to to te*nmt syv to
it to it i- upfrea-l.
what extent the diset^e iuig.it
At ^ i(jn f th .
P-,, ^toth^appr > t . _____ nn . me«*t
.-V a majority of'the
bouse, and failed to pa--. Competent
in the Slate ar..- breight in by
e#fS the people generally.”
----,
Texas stock, and, stole w > icing this
view, a number of "s enacted
quarantine regulation* itv at such The
stock, requiring its a.
fact that this disease mot hn« «»»ij destroys life,
stock, but also endangers sufficient to
my mind furnishes argument
why legislative action of some i iiarac
ter should be taken. Aa.-tn. chronic
cases of glanders may wait'd in a cum
inunity for months in _ sprsnjim. its touts many form
cases of the disease
without its source evidently Itoffctt discovered, I- nd
Such conditions thor- an
investigation, understands by a his surgeon wort who
oughly
experiment
Iu many quartern eoBapfctots have
been made against the stw f i<s on the
KrouIM * i that the expendRa***! of sred were done, too
fjl t {or thfl amount
lw8e sumiosltion tMm pi a i n te are gea-i'! based on
the that the f i 1 that sup
^ * station factTiris is apjmq«« te . by the
tote w hen. in derived! from
th „ , onfira i government, and it does
not appear to me reaaoualto that any
IMH deceive, . t of 0 ur people should V to not to
or lwnefit permit the farm. ; .prjation to re
the frofU
mad(l by the United Stati l-isrt i As re
J, uinM j fi, w , th e essential of the
ork ^ ti, e gto tion has depart b« -.epi duced
in the reports of this .it. That
m of the#e eiperimante tre valuable
then systematic' , cuu j* no doubt, and if' ■’ « results
of culture f .lization
f v *rions characters *re u* ?ienefit
^ ^ (armer . That many ire inside
to avil themselves of the bmefl of the
eiTM ^ „.i ment j g doubtless tws, ut the
le ons taught remain ths warns. The
commi ssioner of agrtcnlturt i, e* officio
dutnMn o{ t he board of *irectors of
the sU tion. The board, w , .to is ap
^ ), y vour excellent is made up
s „ C( ,«wfni farmers the] fronj each oon
J district in state. The
ffort(S f th „ 0 gent lem«i to A. ■ been to
k8 the Rtetifln V, ry class
o{ taTmen , and to illustrtte to out
fgrulors wh at can to dor to certain
branche<| o( aKr icniture. . » he bred
f the department, ^“ my & v .4* tn the
ffnira of e gtati()n { < *1 o*,suiting
Uve i„caseof adisurtrem
to a He ^tween the othre tolti .tirechre,
tmt th nt lk , r o{ uiX <x af C «ng the
BUtion consultation ^ a^eeii toe directors, -or gen
era ] among aisliw.md
Thp establishment of the ex¬
HuMsnU in ^bacco show l repfeally it. oapabili- advo
M tending outside to of previous
tlag oorlculturalnoHcy. ojE Georgia The hue Our being
^TiriU^ ^neSt, eafila and I hope toLv., f* mSSu ■- ““#rs i.iw ta will greal en
our
■££ *
A W()rll in tbi8 report f , to the way
j which the station 3*31 retablishcxl
may not to amiss. 1 WNf id was do
nated by the people ol Bug county,
^ the g t»te has ,ipaUy app™™whsl for feepr. .vementa *15,000.
* l<h4 pr i ni
(lf . ai.rirtioriattop ahMw» er. as the
— ( to permite onlv
. ,*
^“^^Ironf the iiajieoki.® addition «rf tori'- the
]j Iflrh and so was no to
Maintained , ra] tox The station is operated and
bv *15,000annually setaside
, ^ « tor that purpose,
inbwtion of OUM.
ofrevL1m?nCthree f ™ r n r » in the Inwj™-tott. toa^Uons.
The
object of the law is to prevent the sale
of oil and other e*ploajve substanco* of
80 low a Krade that h.o and property
would bo endang -re^ Itl uition to
this the department has 1 eon » 1
aerore oil of a ^ter burning shipped iia in till >
where poor oil has been
state.
HERD.
Tim object and aim of t.Uo depirtmont
in sending out need ia not m sonio kiiji
pose, simply to furnish seed for ordi¬
nary farm and garden purposes, but to
encourage the use of well selected seed,
test the value of different varieties,
direct tlie attention of the farmers to
other branches of agriculture, so that
whether certain crops can lie grown
profitably can be ascertained, and to
introduce seed that have been tested and
found of superior value
literature.
The repirts sent out by the one to
give the farmers information, not and only tlie
on the condition of the crops
prospect yield, but also such informa¬
tion as will be useful on the farm, _ the
department endeavors to make these
reports timely and we would be glad
to receive from farmers succinct reports
of experiments or unusual results ob¬
tained by certain methods of cultivation.
At any anil all times the department its
is willing to give any information at
command, or communicate with the
department at Washington when neces
sary to ascertain any inaUer about
which there may lie an inquiry. It is
our desire Pi make the department of
beneficial to the fanners outside the
supervisions , , of , inspections, . and ,. liy every ______
means at our command Pi advance
practieal agriculture. In this work we
ask the co-operation and support of tlie
fanners of the state.
cheese Making in Georgia.
--
by hon. r. T. nf.sWTT, ohknihkioner
OF agriculture of Georgia.
_, Fr Southern ("nltlvator
a recentvwit to orfffin (Wffin, while at
tending the of toe
director* of ths e xpwi meid station !
was very rouih mter^tolineiammg
into the dstaiti of
toAuat^ testedin ^‘ ^ n d«^i d it hi* fm* B >
supposed heretofore ■tba- , the difficulties difflmi ties,
ctomtte ^ otherwitth^e^guiTU und
mg. making gnec^te were too ai id_jprofi te i
<jrercom* Ba* *
these ternT^x^riment ex
tended study *
^<**£™*™ this in 1 O' ■ 1 ' JSLS
^ ,
«• ® the im^vive.
t to Z
**, J. lands a °.. well
Tb*
and crestnines ia every gh dM^g* 1 whtM
where .teady and ttsy tm rehaMs^k^or |f W^gWte un k.
much mea.i-i <A m ' whh-h rr# an - thwart k> - as-1 tat
natural ^
^ito^/ril' u n ,S^
lands T,/.
arr.mvc.cuts for acb^ factory,
unlike rune otl -r <t the smaller Indus
and care are v-unol, the condition*
are such Mult cheeeo ol excellent qual¬
ity can be successfully made at far less
risk than where the milk is sent any
distance to market, or where butter is
the product. In the first case, that is
where the milk » marketed at any dis¬
tance, there is the danger of souring, the
particularly in mid summer. In
second, that is, where the of product the is to
be butter, the variations cream
as times to quality weather and quantity, conditions, owing some¬ other
to or
circumstances equally beyond ooutrol,
often cause cheese-making, disappointment. the In factory keep¬
ing wing cows established, for the farmer sells milk
at so much the pound, which is returned
to him either in money or cheese. The
price is fixed; the market is at his door;
bis only care is to produce the milk ia
sufficient quantities to pay him for the
outlay. Tain being done he has not
only added to his income, lmt has an¬
other wholesome and nntritioua items
J^^th^ywfeSed'^MwrhoJdTOTe the factories might b« started the
of on
oughly S^M^and’wTonMir posting himself in number all the thw
neces
p^menfstation operation, and tVfactoryls wishing tnVify initruo
ftrtliTy any one
11
for learning thsbusiness There
is nothing complicated in the pnsms.
and any man or woman of ordinary team in
can, in thirty days,
everything necessary for carrying on
the work. To give some idea of the re¬
quirements I quote from some notes
winch were kindly furnished me by
Captain Redding, the director, in re
spouse to some Question* which I had
asked. I also give bis letter, bearing
directly on this subject:
Experiment, Ga., Aug. *7,1883.
Hon. R. T. Nesbitt. Commissioner of
Agriculture, Atlanta, Ga.:
My Dear Sir— In response to youre of
the 25th, I enclose “Notes on — Cheese- ---
making in Georgia,” which you may
find useful made
You mav that the chess*
at the dairy a* ' 5 cents per it pound—the has been
whole cheese. Wherever
tested it has given satisfaction. Mr.
Wing says that the conditions here in
Georgia for choeseniakiug, are more has
favorable than in Ohio, where he
been making cheese all his life. Very
truly, R. J. Bedding, Director.
NOTES ON CHKESK-MAKING IN GEORGIA.
1. Character and cost of building shed, :
Any cheap outbuilding, or mere making
will answer all purposes for
the curing room should be tight .*•£[ and
close, yet capable of ventilation. A
good 8x10 pantry, or storeroom, such as
may lie found in most well-built farm
houses, would answer.
2, Fixtures, machinery, consisting etc.: of wooden
A cheese vat, with a
box lined with tin, a small fur¬
nace underneath; a press with one or
more screws similar to a cider-press of differ
screw; a few tin ebrese b»»p*
ent sixes; curd kni .-es, The strainers, flipper outfit
and a thermometer. entire
for a dairy of twenty-five cows will cost
less than *100. of cheesemaking is,
8. The process
briefly, as follows:
The until night’s milk is kept in is a mired cool
place morning, when it
with the morning's and milk heated and all poured to
into the cheese vat up a
temperature of of eighty-four prepared degrees. A
■ma ,11 quantity rennet (ren
netine) is then added anil tlie milk is
constantly but gently stirred until (to It prevent
the cream from rising) com¬
mences to thicken. In about forty min¬
utes the milk will become solid, it cur¬
dles (you would call it clabber, or sweet
curds). When the curd has become
pretty firm it is cut into small cubes —
about tlie size and shape of dice—-by
means of the curd knives, which is done
in a few moments. The heat is then in
creased until the curds allow a tempera¬
ture of ninety-six to ninety-eight This heating de¬
grees by the thermometer.
w to cause the expelling pieces of the curd whey. to con¬ The
tract, thereby drained and is used
whey is then away,
Pi fred pig», y oving calves, etc., being
fattening food.
Thu curd is now nabob at. the rate of
ow-lialf ounce of salt Pi the pound of
curd, and tlie bitter is enclose*] in a
press cloth and put inPi tlie cheese hoop
and pressed until the whey is all ex¬
pelled, which will lie in about twenty
minutes. The cheese is now removed
from the press hoop, the press cloth re¬
moved, and the permanent cloth "ban¬
dage” put on, mid then returned Pi the
hoops and press, where it is pressed with
the full force of the press screw and a
three-foot lever—the firmer the better.
The cheese usually remains in the
flours, press until next day, or say eighteen
when it is marked with date of
making and placed on a shelf in tlie cur
ing * room pi be turned over every day
,, , , vlrtl , tlH h)tll( , The curing
room should Is* k*-|it at a belt the tem¬
perature of seventy or seventy-five de¬
grees by opening windows and doors at
night and closing will up during the day. in
The cheese he ready for use
from three weeks to several months, a*
may lie determined by the maker during
the process of making. of March,
4. In the south the months
April, May, June, August, September making
and tlcPiber are the lies! cheese
months, lmt cheese may be made at any
neafton. Usually cheese is made in
spring, summer and fall, and butter iu
winter, because butter-making requires
a c/sil temperature which cannot tm se
—l in summer without the aid of ice
(Continued on heeond Page.)
A A I
9 1 _
’ „7, HdS made ITiatlV y fr /• ends,
‘ Why „ Because it lU the
<[ ; 7 t IS
. 0£Sl j ailU x CngapCbt 11111 lilli
, ,, > mUIT . .>010. ij II It kills KlllipAHll* Dain ! S
onm IFfTnifUI flTI *
iy L Uri I L 1 H || * t «x lull I I If 111 I 11 li I
; I 1
- «SS0ld by all dealers for2>t
- ? *r« nv^iiy chF»p iw»u
t '7 , 4
m on, w you w.u b« dw*ppo»»*<i.
Terms 51 co
NO. 44
We will save the People of Talhw
ferro county
Many Dollars
If they will only buy their goods
of us.
Owing to the backwardness ol the cotton crop we did not
go for our goods until very late, after other buyers had re¬
turned, Wnen we were on the market the great scare came
upon tne centers or ine wnoiesaie iraue oy repurie EL cnoiera m
New York city. Buyers kept away, and jobbers lo FT loose their
immense stocks at what they would bring. Just he^e it was
th*.t our unequalled buyers entered the market, untied his
pocket book and let the magic cash lly.Our goods were bought
a |, nost a t our own price.ilnd we now propose tosell them cheap
er than any other dealer in middle Georgia. We are in a positions
to 1 t his. COME AND SEE -* just what kind of A prices can
be made , when . goods , are bought . at sixty . . cents . on the dollar, t 1
Dry (*oo<ls Silks und Trimminjrs.
This department is brim full, repiesentiug the latent iabrics
from the foremost mills of the country.
The trimmings are the loveliest that have .yet crossed the
Mason and Dixon line.
IN MILLINERY
lead as in alL Other lines.
This stock is the loveliest in years, and embraces the latest
patterns and designs of both foreign and domestic manufac¬
ture. Our new Palis styles are indescribably .beautiful. artist,, We
can only say pay Miss Thomas, our superior millinery
a visit, and she wiil surely sell you just what you want*
We show the largest
CLOAK, JACKET AND COAT
Stock of any retail dealer in the state. Only the latest styles
enter our house. The most fastidious find just what they
want here.
DOMESTICS*
We carry only the best brands,.'
and our prices are tlie
lowest anywhere.
We have the exclusiv. sale of the best 20-ceiit ladies’ goods
manufactured. They are fast black, and the best on earth for
the money. AU sizes in children’s and misses’ of the same
goods.
. UNDERWEAR.
Ladies’ gents, miases' and children’s good vest s for sale
at twenty-five cents; children’s at a less price. Heavy vests
at 35 cents well worth 75 cents. been Gents’underwear equalled equally by as
cheap. These prices have never anywftere
anybody. Handkerchiefs, ribbons and laces world without end at
a
cellar hottom^prfees. 33*4 per cent, saved every customer ill
his line.
f
SHOES Si
We art* at home when we get on this subject, lliis stock
has always been a leader with us. We often retail more than
1,500 pair a week. Would we do this if our prices and ar* - not
right ? we can wupply your wans in boots and shoes not
disturb your pocket book much.
CLOTHING.
$12,500 in this department alone. we can fit and please
any one. Our suits are the best fitting, the Lent ior wear and
he besrfor the money.
SUNDRIES.
You will probably want many things not mentioned above
—items usually kept in a store like this. Our stock is not de¬
ficient in anything. * Our great stock of jeans, cassimiern, etc ,
will speak for themselves. Good checks at 5 cents worth near
er 6 cents, Standard prints wold by many at 7 cents are offered
there at 5 cents, and i! we liad space we could mention thous¬
ands of wonderful bargains, we want your trade, and if good
desirable goods offered at or below those of the lowest of low
will secure it you will supply your wants of us. Hoping to see
1 you in our store at an early date.
Yours to Serve,
Mil HSi CO
GREEN ESliORO, GEORGIA.
