Newspaper Page Text
A Device For Watering-Trough.
‘Where a number of cattle are turned
out to drink together there ie quite
sure to be crowding and perhaps fight
ing at the trough. A device tending
to obviate this is shpwn in the cnt.
Within the trough a board is fitted,
which rises and falls as water is pumped
in or is drunk out of the trough. At
regular intervals are square or rouud
openings, through whiapacuch animal
can drink, one, and only one, at a
place. Incidentally, the cnt shows an
excellent way to put watering-troughs
together at the ends. Let the end
pieces slightly into the sides and bot
tom, and “shrink on” a strap of iron,
as shown. This will pull the joints
together firmly, since the heated band
A SENSIBLE DRINKING PEACE FOR CATTLE.
shrinks in cooling, as does a wagon
tiro when placed on the wheel. Put
cleats under the board that rests upon
the water to keep it from warping.—
New York Tribune.
Rotating Manures In Gardens.
While the garden always receives
more of the stable manure made on
the farm, this is usually so deficient
in mineral fertility that garden crops
often suffer from lack of potash and
phosphate, while the nitrogenous ele
ments of plant food are au overabun
dant supply. Under snob conditions
the soil becomes heavy and impervi
ous to air, or, as old farmers call it,
“muck midden.” Almost all garden
-vegetables requiro potash, and many
of them need also phosphate to pro
duce a successful crop. When the
crop is valuable for itir seed mainly
these minerals arc especially neces
sary. Beans and pessary good ex
amples of this. It is often said they
grow best on poor soil. This only
means that there must be enough
mineral fertility to balance that which
is nitrogenous, or thej&es will grow
too much to leaf withojW either pod
ding or filling os they should. Nitro
genous manures are not needed at all
for beans, as these are never planted
until the ground is woll warmed,
when cultivation is enough to cause
the soil to furnish all the nitrogen
seeded. Peas are hardier, and for
giving them an early start some
quickly available nitrogenous manure
may be nsed. But both potash und
phosphate may be usod liberally for
both peas and beans, greatly increas
ing the yield of grain without mach if
any increare in the growth of haulm.
But even those crops which do not
require extra large amounts of miner
als are benefited by letting the gar
den go without stable manure one
year, and substituting the same value
or cost of mineral fertilizer in its
stead. Even if there were no nitro
gen in the concentrated fertilizer, the
effect of applying potash and phos
phate to land is to set free much ni
trogen, and on land that has long
been manured with stable mannres,
this amount will probably be sufficient
for the year’s crop. In a recent pub
lication a well-known gardener tells
how he long practiced a system of rota
tion in which when he had got his gar
dening soil overfilled with manure, re
lief was found by plowing nnder 1000 to
1500 pounds per acre of the refuse
hop leaves from a brewery after their
strength has been extraoted. On an
other occasion he took the waste
stems from a tobacco factory, whioh he
found rotted in the soil,as did the hop
leaves, witl^ the result that the olara-
my, sticky condition of soil, resulting
from over manuring with stable ma-
nure, was changed to a light loam
that easily responded to any kind of
manure in a single year.—American
Cultivator.
of the coop with hooks and eyes as
shown. It is secured to the ground
at the farther corners by crotohed
sticks driven into the ground. This
m
An Id«»l Coop For Clilclc«.
The usual arrangements for rearing
little ohiok's are not, as a rale, the
beat that might be had. The idea
seems to prevail that any old box sot
on edge, with a slatted front, is all
that ia required. In such a coop the
comfort and health of the old hen is
lost and she soon gets lousy and
quickly transfers the lice to the
ohioks. This illustration shows an
aprovement on the old stylo hen
which is at once practical,
« and inexpensive. The coop
the nsnal way, except that
r -‘-‘d in the side to remove
ir™
plan of fastening permits the use of
the frame on different coops. Over
the top is a square of wire netting
and over this netting is stretohed a
length of waterproof cloth whioh will
keep the pen dry in wet weather and
shady during the hot part of the day.
This cloth is fastened to buttons
screwed into the frame, buttons such
as ore used for fastening carriage
curtains being just the thing.
The arrangement permits freqnent
changing of both coop and pen to dif
ferent locations. A portion of the
ground inside the pen in spaded and
the small grain fed is scattered over
it to teach the chicks to scratch.
Mother hen will find a corner for a
dust bath and keep herself free from
lice, and the entire family will be
comfortable and happy. The,plan is
especially desirable for use with the
late hatched chicks when the coop is
so located that the snn shines on it
during most of the day and when fre
quent and heavy showers come up
suddenly.—Atlanta Journal.
ANIMALS CAN COUNT;
Tho florae tlie Best Calculator Among;
Them, According; to a Russian.
An ornithologist, after many experi
ments on parrots, holds that they can
count up to four. A Bussian physi
cian, Dr. Timofieff, extended these
experiments to birds, dogs, cats and
horses. He concludes that crows can
count up to ten, dogs to twenty-four,
cats only to six, but horses carry off
the palm as calculators.
In a village of the Government of
Pokow, Dr. Timofieff studied a horse
belonging to a peasant and found that
tho horse always stopped at the end
of its twentieth furrow. It did not
stop when tired, but only after every
twenty furrows. It was so exaot about
this that its master reckoned the
number of farrows that he had made
by the number of times that the horse
halted. The animal connted for the
man. In another village Dr. Timo
fieff saw a horse that calculated the
verqfs (Russian miles) by the number
of posts on the road, and the time by
the striking of the clock. One day
thiB physician was going to Valdai,
when at the twenty-second verst one
of the horses hitohed to the troika (a
three-horsed carriage) stopped sud
denly. The driver got down from his
seat, gave some provender to the
horse and drove on. This horse had
been trained by its master when very
young to gdt food at every twenty-five
versts. There can be no doubt that
the horse kept count by the .posts
along the road. It had made a mis
take this time of thr$e versts, but it
was not its fault. Along the road
there were three other posts besides
the telegraph posts which looked very
mnoh like them. Hence the error of
three versts.
This same horse was accustomed to
get its food in a stable near which the
town clock rang at noon. Dr. Timo
fieff himself saw the horse prick up its
ears and listen, but droop its head
dissatisfied when less than twelve
strokes sounded. On the contrary it
manifested all kinds of satisfaction
when it heard the twelfth stroke of
the bell, neighing for its provender.
Ready When the Next Hurricane Came*
Ed Walter, a well-to-do colored
man living near Sprague Junction,
Ala., bad his crib and stables blown
away by the storm which passed
through there the other week. His
house and family escaped, and he
went at once to work ana dng a storm
pit in his yard, in the event another
such storm came along. The other
day when the etorm that passed
through that territory was seen ap
proaching he took his family, not for
getting his dog, and went into his
hole in the ground. When the storm
passed over he found his house scat
tered over a ten-aore field and his
honsehold goods in tho tops of trees.
e of his meat was found 400 yards
friflh^mLonstLHe thinks hut for
his storolPHNMMMMtinber of his
family would PeTefT
Illinois Bonds.
There’s a bight upon your name,
Illnols, Illinois,
It has compromised your fame,
Illinois, Illinois;
In the spring ana In the fall,
When then’s lots of things to haul.
We can’t use your roads nt all,
Illinois, Illinois;
We can’t uho your roads at all,
Illinois.
When it comes to raising corn,
Illinois, Illinois;
You can laugh them all to scorn,
Illinois? Illinois;
But it’s painful to relate
That for highways out of date
You’re the banner-holding Stale,
Illinois, Illinois;
You’re the banner-holding State,
Illinois.
See them stretching on and on,
Illinois, Illinois;
Like a ditch across the lawn,
Illinois, Illinois;
Full of mud so black and thick
That a four-In-hnnd would stick
With a load of twenty brick,
Illinois, Illinois;
With a lead of twenty brick,
Illinois.
Shake the moss from oil ycur back,
Illinois, Illinois;
Timo to tuko another tack,
Illinois, Illinois;
If you ha\$ a bit of pride,
Don’t bo any longer guyed—
Make your mud-roads hard and wide
Illinois, Illinois,
Make your mud-roads bard and wide,
Illinois.
—Illinois State Journal.
The Warfare In Brief.
Every added inohof rand makes the
road many mile: longer.
The farmer who ie mired in the mud
up to his knees should be deeply in
terested in roads.
The improvement of a road should
depend upon something mors than the
wind and the sun. r
The best method in which a town
can pave its way to succesB is to pave
its streets and improve the highways
leading therefrom.
Wide tires are growing in favor.
Now that some of the States are build
ing expensive highways, tax-payers
insist that the roads shall be pre
served.
The San Francisco Bulletin points
out that the county which cannot af
ford schools and good roads is allowed
to pass into the possession of men who
want neither,
Hempfield Township, Westmoreland
County, Penn., must pay $310 to a
citizen who was crossing a bridge with
a threshing-machine when the bridge
gave way and dumped the outfit into
a creek. Poor highways are expen
sive.
Shot a Raccoon la a Church Ore#*l«^
At Indianapolis, Ind., Carl Snyder,
genial, of the Tabernaole Presby-
tenan 'Chnrah, called the ohoir to
gether, and as he attempted to take
hifr aeat atthe big orgtfnin the dark
ened church he was startled by’a growl
and a snapping of teeth, while two
Advantages of Improved Roads.
One of the most interesting papers
read at the New York State Farmers’
Congress, recently held at Albany,
N. Y., was that on the “Advantages of
Improved Highways,” by John A. C.
Wright, of Rochester, N. Y. In part
Mr. Wright said: “No subjects are
so closely related as highways and
agriculture. Material prosperity de
pends upon production and trans
portation. In production we have
made immense strides, in manufac
tures many-fold, and even on the farm
each of us produces as much as all
four of his forefathers of two genera
tions ago. Besides the cost of produc
tion there is the cost of getting whnt
is produced to its best market. How
much that is, we often fail to realize.
It has been computed that the annual
freight bill of each of us is $60. This
is the transportation charge or what
it costs us to more products over the
highways whioh are of three sorts—
the common highway, the railway and
the waterway. The relative cost is
most aptly shown by stating that the
amount it costs to move a ton five
miles on the highway, will move it
twenty-five,miles on the electrio rail
way, 250 mires 'on the steam railway
and 1250 miles in deep waterways,
“In improving, therefore, the com
mon highway, we rednee the largest
item in this freight tax. By pains
taking effort we have found it costs
thirty cents per ton mile on the
ordinary road, such as wo bavo, and a
smooth hard road-way would rednee
this to seven cents per ton mile, or
we would do the business for one-
quarter of what it costs ns now. This
is equivalent by tho above tables to
getting each Ion carried for more than
500 miles by rail-and more than 1000
miles by water.
“We have also found that the farm
produots of this State reduced to tons
are about 12,000,000 tons, and that at
the average haul costs about $1.50 to
move per ton, or a freight bill for
primary transportation of agricul
tural produots of $18,000,000 a year.
If we bad good roads this coBt wonld
be, to allow a good margin, less than
$6,000,000 and the saving over $12,-
000,000 a year, or as much as our
total State tax bill for all purposes.
The common road, therefore, is the
most important factor in transporta
tion, so far as we are concerned, ahd
the chance for saving in haul on it
the greatest.”
TUe South Suffers.
A few years ago several families
came South from the Western States
and settled near Burton’s Hill, be
tween here and Forkland. We hear
that.soon they will pnll up stakes and
retura&om whence they came. They
say we have tho greatest country on
top of tho earth for the laboring man,
but no roads. As it is they ennnot
haul thpir produce to market nor go
anywhere oh business or pleasnre.
Thns Greeno County will lose half-a-
dozen good citizens.—Eutaw (Ala.)
Mirror.
Hampered Farmers*
“To-day tho barriers between ns and
the remainder of the county are roads
that are almost impassable,” says the
Waukegan (Ill.) Gazette. “In this
the town is not -alone the sufferer.
Farmed throughout the county are
hampered and their work serionfiy re
tarded because of miserable highways.
Would it not be wise to labor throngh
our representatives for tjhe passage of
' slonlatsd to.. remedy this evil?’
’ Quito til* Boat!,
whose plan for the
THE ADMIRAL’S COURTESY.
It Illustrates Anew Russia's Friendship
For the United States.
THE SOLE DISSENTER.
A lieutenant in our navy, whose
name for obvious renEons I shall re
frain from mentioning, related to mo
recently a good story, which 1 believe
has never been told, which is authen
tic, beyond doubt, and gives one of
tho numerous examples illustrating
Russia’s friendship for the United
States, writes H. I. Dodge, iu the
Voice. I give it in his words:
‘When Lieutenant - Commander
Gorringe was sent to get tho Obelisk,
now in Central Park, New York, he
met with obstacles of a wholly unusual
and unlooked-for character. It seems
that certain interested foreigners had
incited the Egyptians to rebel against
the removal of the great stone from
their shores, and A pretty formidable
opposition had been secretly organized.
Gorringe’s crew was by no means ade
quate to combat this unexpected op
position, and there was no American
man-of-war in the harbor to render
assistance.
‘A Russian flagship wasthere,how
ever, and the admiral, learning of the
plot to defeat the American captain’s
purpose, sent Gorringe a very re
spectfully worded note, in which he
spoke in very high terms of the
unique engineering feat which the
Americans were about to undeitake in
moving the Obelisk, and begged that
Mr. Gorringe would do him the very
great favor of permitting his officers
and men to witness the great work.
The request was, of course, granted,
and early the next morning the wily
Musoovite landed 400 men, armed to
the teeth with fixed bayonets and pis
tols loaded with hall cartridges, who
formed a hollow square about the
Obelisk. These men really saw very
little of the engineering feat of mov
ing the great stone, as they faced out
when the mob came, and no one was
allowed to go through the square
without a pass from Mr. Gorringe.
As the Obelisk was landed on trucks
and moved down to the sea, the square
moved along with it, and not until af
ter it was safely on board did the Rus
sians return to their vessol.
“The next day the Russian admiral
sent another very polite note to Mr.
Gorringe, thanking him for the oppor
tunity given to his officers and men to
see the wonderful work, and stating
not only the admiral himself, but the
Russian Government, wonld always
remember, with feelings of keenest
pleasnre, Mr. Gorringe’s great cour
tesy.”
"Cheer up! Cheer npl cries the sons -bird
As he sways on the Umber limb.
He seems to feel
As bis blythe notes peal
That the world was mad* for him.
“Cheer up” sounds soft In the breeeaa.
“Cheer up!” Is the line that’s writ
O’er the open book
Of the field or brook
Where the sunbeams lade and flit.
I
But man, superior mammal,
For tho warning Is dlslnolined.
He’ll oherish hts woe
If but to show
That matter Is loss than mind.
“Cheer up!” says each jovial eoheT;
That speaks from the sun-lit hill.
“Cheer up!” soys the earth
Ia Its vernal mirth.
Bays man, “I'm hanged If I will.”
—Washington Star
PITH AND POINT.
“Every time I laugh it hurts my „
side.” “That mnst be what they call
ribald laughter.”—Cleveland Plana
Dealer.
Father—“Son, can’t you possibly-
cut down your college expenses?”"
Son—“I might possibly do without
books.”
“Yes, my milliner has lost her mind
and been sent to the Insane asylum.
“Poor thing! Too much headwork, L
suppose.”
“Did their marriage end tho fend
between the two families?” “Not en
tirely, it is confined to only ouo mem
ber of each family now.”
The Medium—“The spirit of yonr-
hnsband is here, if you wish to ask •
him any question." The Widow—“I
want to ask him where he has been.”'
He hurriedly dressed and went down town
Wearing a gorgeous teek, •
But hesnwns ho glanced in a looking-glass.
That In Ills haste ho hud put -iilusl —
A cuiT around his neck!
—Chicago Tribune.
“Did you say I lied deliberately?’*’
“Well, not exactly. My remark was-
that you couldn’t toll a deliberate-
truth. ”—Philadelphia North Amer
ican.
Paul Plodder—“I wonder if I liave-
time to catch the train?” Policeman
Rounds—“Yo have toimo enough, but.
yes haven’t the speed, Oim thinking.”"
—Boston Transoript.
“Life is not all sunshine, Harriet.”'
“Yes, I know that; but you know very-
well, Julius, there are lots of days
when I could carry a chiffon parasol if"
I had it.”—Chicago Record. *
The newest fashions now are In,
p And from tho way It looks,
Though coats und hats may chango,
there’ll be
- No change in pooketbooks.
—New York Journal.
Mrs. Findlault—“Now John’s gono-
and got his life insured. But, then*
he’s just like all other men. They
have everything done for themselves,
and never think of their poor, slaving-
wiv'es."—Judge.
“Well, Geordie,” said the caller,
“what do yon think of your new little-
baby sister?” “Oh, I don’t know,”"
replied the six-year-old with a yawn,
“She’s all right, I suppose. She re
lieves tho monotony.”—Chicago Tri—"*
bune.
Van Twiller—“I dreamed that L
committed suicide last night on your-
account.” Miss Olduu (gushing)—
“He! he!—er — hadn’t you better
speak to mommer about it?" Van
Twiller—“Oh, I wouldn’t dream of
that!”—Judge.
They wore discussing the household,
expenses of the future, as young peo
ple will do under snob circumstances. •
“In Japan,” she said with a sigh, as
she thought of his income, “a man can
pay for a honse, food and two servauts •
on $300 a year.” “Bat think of tho-
o.ost of getting there,” answered.—
Chicago Evening Post.
A Disinfecting Steamship
European medical authorities speak
in enlogistic terms of the United States
steamship Protector, whioh is the first
naval vessel in the world to be equipped
solely for the purpose of disinfection. .
On the deck of the vessel, which is
about eighty feet long, is a structure
fitted with bathrooms. The soldiers,
on coming on board, will take a bath
and give np their old clothing, receiv
ing new clothes in exchange. After
the old clothing has been taken below
and thoroughly sterilized, it will be
returned to its owner. The sterilizing
apparatus consists of a cylinder, a
chamber and an exhauster. The
chamber is of iron, and can be her
metically sealed. The air » removed
from the chamber by an exhausting
steam jet. Tho generator is a copper
cylinder divided vertically into two
parts, a steam coil being placed in
each part. The clothes to be steril
ized ore placed in the chamber, and
tho air is exhausted. Formaline is',
placed in part of the generator and i
steam- is admitted to the coil. When |
sufficient quantity of formaldehyde
gas is generated by the heat it is passed
into the chamber. In half an hom
ammonia, placed in the other part of
the generator and similarly heated, ia
also admitted. This serves to neu
tralize the formaldehyde? and the
clothes, now thoroughly purified, are
removed and taken on deck for rostora-
two totlioif owner..—ClHc^prjUcw-a.
1 ’’’ *■ ■
Tlie Shape of Birds* Egc.
“Birds* eggs differ in shape as welt
as they do in color,” said a well-known
ornithologist. “For instance, the-
eggs of the owl family are almost.'
spherical, and are thus easily moved,
by the parent bird in her desire to se»
cure an equal amount of warmth to>
each dnring the time of hatching. As
she nests in a hole, there is no fear-
whatever of any of her clutoh rolling-
away and being smashed. On tho
other hand, tho guillemot, whioh nests,
or rather lays, her eggs on flat, bare*
rocks in high, exposed latitude, lays*
single egg so elongated and curiously
shaped that when stirred by a violent-
gust of wind or the bird’s sudden;
flight it does not roll away, but sim
ply spins around on its axis like a top. *
In the case of plovers, snipes and.
other birds that lay four large eggs,
the eggs narrow so rapidly toward tho.
smaller end that four of them in anest-f
practically form a square, thus enab
ling the bird to cover them the moro
effectually,"—Washington Star./
' A Kansas Girl In the Troaches.
Here is an extract from a letter
written by W. S. Cooper, an Ottawa,
boy with the Twentieth Kansas, which;
testifies not only to the bravery of *.
Kansas girl, bat also distantly to a-
romance: “Our lady nursp li
u» in the. trenohes that night. I
sat right next to me, at ’ *' ’
took a shot she bad an
ready for me. They abet
"are
ftl.
mmmm
