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m THE CLAYTON TRIBUNE. CLAYTON. GEORGIA. ON THE TRUSTS THROUGH CONGRESS PRESIDENT WARNS AGAINST RESTRAINT OF TRADE BY MONOPOLY. HOLD MEN RESPONSIBLE Interlocking Directorates Work Hard ship on Private Individuals and Should Be Prohibited.—Uncertainty Hampers Business. .entlemen of tlie Congress: In my report on “the state of the Union," which I had the privilege of reading to you on the 1st of December last, 1 ventured to reserve for discus sion at a later date the subject of addi tional legislation regarding the very difficult and intricate matter of trusts and monopoljes. The time now seems opportune to turn to that great ques tion; not only because the currency legislation, which absorbed your atten tion and the attention of the country in December, is now disposed of, but also because opinion seems to be clearing about us with singular rapidity in this other groat field of action. In the matter of the currency it cleared sud denly and very happily after the much- debated Act was passed; in respect of the monopolies which have multiplied about ns and in regard to the various means by which they have been or ganized and maintained it seems to be coming to a clear and all but universal agreement in anticipation of our ac tion, as if by way of preparation, mak ing the way easier to see and easier to set out upon with confidence and without confusion of counsel. Legislation has its atmosphere like 'everything else, and the atmosphere of accommodation and mutual under standing which we now breathe with so much refreshment is matter of sin cere congratulation. It ought to make our task very much 'less difficult and embarrassing than it would have been had we been obliged to continue to act amidst the atmos phere of suspicion and antagonism which has so long made it impossible to approach such questions with dis passionate fairness. Constructive leg islation, when successful is always the embodiment of convincing experience, and of the mature public opinion which finally springs out of that experience. Legislation is a business of interpreta tion, not of origination; and it is now plain what the opinion is to which we must give effect in this matter. It is not recent or hasty opinion. It springs i out of the experience of a whole gen eration. It has clarified itself by long I contest, and those who for a long time battled with it and sought to change 1 It are now frankly and honorably yielding to it and seeking to conform itheir actions to it. The great business men who organ ized and financed monopoly and those who administered it in actual every day transactions have year after year, until now, either denied its existence or justified it as necessary for the ef fective maintenance and development of the vast business processes of the I country in the modern circumstances of trade and manufacture and finance; but all the while opinion has made head against them. The average busi ness man is convinced that the ways of liberty are also the ways of peace and the ways of success as well; and at last the masters of business on the great scale have begun to yield their preference and purpose, perhaps their judgment also, in honorable sur render. What we are purposing to do, there fore, is happily, not to hamper or in terfere with business as enlightened business men prefer to do it, or in any sentfe to put it under the ban. The r .tagonism between business and gov ernment is over. We are now about to give expression to the best business judgment of America, to what we know to be the business conscience and honor of the land. 'Hie Government and business men are ready to meet each other half way in a common ef fort to square business methods with both public opinion and the law. The best informed men of the business world condemn the methods and pro cesses and consequences of monopoly as we condemn them; and the instinc tive judgment of the vast majority of business men everywhere goes with them. We shall now be their spokes men. That is the strength of our posi tion and the sure, prophecy of what will ensue when our reasonable work is done. When serious contest ends, when men unite in opinion and purpose, those who are to change their ways of business joining with those whd ask for the change, it is possible to ef fect it in the way in which prudent and thoughtful and patriotic men would wish to see it brought about, with as few, as slight, as easy and simple business readjustments as pos sible in the circumstances, nothing essential disturbed, nothing torn up by the roots, no parts rent nsunder which can fie left in wholesome combi nation. Fortunately, no measures of sweeping or ndvel change are neces sary. It will be understood that our object is not to unsettle business or anywhere seriously to break its estab lished courses athwart. On the con trary, we desire the laws we are now about to pass to be the bulwarks und safeguards of industry against the forces that have disturbed it. What we have to do can be done in a new spirit, in thoughtful moderation, with- 1 out revolution of any untoward kind, i We are all agreed that "private ; monopoly is indefensible and intoler- j able,” and our programme is founded upon that conviction. It will be a com- : prehensive but not a ra-iical or unac ceptable programme and these are its itemB, the changes which opinion de liberately sanctions and for which business waits: It waits with acquiescence, In the first place, for laws which tfill effec tually prohibit and prevent such inter lockings of the personnel of the direc torates of great corporations—banks and railroads, industrial, commercial, and public service bodieB—as in effect result in making those who borrow and those who lend practically one and the same, those who sell and those who buy but the same person trading with one another under different names and in different combinations, and those who affect to compete in fact partners and masters of some whole field of business. Sufficient time should be allowed, of course, in which to effect these changes of organ ization without inconvenience or con fusion. Such a prohlbtion will work much more than a mere negative good by j correcting the serious evils which have arisen because, for example, the me.i who have been the directing spirits of the great investment banks have . usurped the place which belongs to j independent industrial management I working in its own behoof. It will ; bring new men, new energies, a new spirit of initiative, new blood, into the management of our great business en terprises. It will open the field of in dustrial development and origination to scores of men who have been obliged to serve when their abilities entitled them to direct. It will im mensely hearten the young men com ing on and will greatly enrich the busi ness activities of the whole country. In the second place, business men as well as those who direct public af fairs now recognize, and recognize with painful clearness, the great harm and injustice which has been done to many, if not all, of the great railroad systems of the count! y by the way in which they have been financed and their own distinctive interests subor dinated to the interests of the men who financed them and of other bus iness enterprises which those men wished to promote. The country is ready, therefore, to accept, and accept with relief as well ns approval, a law which will confer upon the Inter state Commerce Commission the pow er to superintend and regulate the financial operations by which the rail roads are henceforth to be supplied with the money they need for their proper development to meet the rap idly growing requirements of the country for increased and improved facilities of transportation. Wo can not postpone action In this matter without leaving the railroads expos ed to many serious handicaps and hazards; and the prosperity of the railroads and the prosperity of the ! country are inseparably connected. Upon this question those who are chiefly responsible for the actual management and operation of the railroads have spok°n very plainly and very earnestly, with k purpose we ought to be quick tc accept. It will be one step, and a very important one, toward the necessary separation ! of the business of production from the business of transportation. The business of the country awaits also, has long awaited and has suf fered because it could not obtain, further and more explicit legislative definition of the policy and meaning of the existing antitrust law. Noth ing hampers tiusiness like uncertain ty. Nothing daunts or discourages it ! like the necessity to take chances, to J run the risk of falling under the con- i demnation of the law before it can make sure just what the law is. Surely we are sufficiently familiar j with the actual processes and meth ods of monopoly and of the muny ! hurtful restraints of trade to make ’ definition possible, at any rate up to the limits of what experience has 1 disclosed. These practices, being now abundantly disclosed, can be explic- j itly and item by item forbidden by statute in such terms as will practi- : cally eliminate uncertainty, the law I Itself and the penalty being made equally plain. And the business men of the coun try desire something more than that the menace of legal process in these matters be made explicit and intel ligible. They desire the advice, the definite guidance and information which can be supplied by an admin istrative body, an interstate trade commission. The opinion of the country would Instantly approve of such a commis sion. It would not wish to see it empowered to make terms with mon opoly or in any sort to assume con trol of business, as If the Government j made itself responsiuie. It demands : such a commission only as an Indis pensable instrument, of information and publicity, as a clearing house for the facts by which both the public mind and the managers of great bus iness undertakings should be guided, and as an instrumentality for doing justice to business where the pro cesses of the courts or the natural forces of correction outside the courts are inadequate to adjust the remedy to the wrong in a way that will meet all the equities nnd circumstances of the case. Producing industries, for example, which have passed the point up to which combination may he consistent with the public interest and the free dom of trade, can not always be dis sected Into their component units as readily as railroad companies or sim ilar organizations can be. Their dis solution by ordinary legal process may oftentimes involve financial con sequences likely to overwhelm the security market and bring upon it breakdown and confusion. There ought to be an administrative com mission capable of directing and shaping such corrective processes, not only in aid of the courts but also by independent suggestion, if neces sary. Inasmuch as our object and' the spirit of our action in these matters is to meet business half way in its processes of self-correction and dis turb its legitimate course as little as possible, we ought to see to it, and the judgment of practical and saga cious men of affairs everywhere would applaud us if we did see to it, that penalties and punishments should fall, not upon business itself, to its confusion and interruption, but upon the individuals who use the instru mentalities of business to do things wli'ch public policy and sound busi ness practice condemn. Every act of business is done at the command or upon the Initiative of some ascertain able person or group of persons. These should be held Individually re sponsible and the punishment should fall upon them, not upon the business organization of which they make il legal use.. It should be one of the main objects of our legislation to di vest such persons of their corporate cloak and deal with them as with those who do not represent their cor porations, but merely bv deliberate intention break the law. Business \ men the country through would, 1 am sure, applaud us if we were to take effectual steps to see that the offi i cers and directors of groat business bodies were prevented from bringing them nnd the business of the country into disrepute and danger. Other questions remain which will need very thoughtful and practical treatment. Enterprises, in these modern days of great individual for tunes, are oftentimes interlocked, not by being under the control of the same directors, bul by the fact that the greater part of their corporate stock is owned by a single person or group of persons who are in some way intimately related In interest. We are agreed, I take it that holding companies should be prohibited, but what of the controlling private own ership of individuals or actually co operative groups of individuals? Shall the private owners of capital stock be ; suffered to be tbemselvps in effect holding companies? We do not wish, I suppose, to forbid the purchase of stocks by any person who pleases to buy them in such quantities as he can afford, or in any way arbitrarily to limit the sale of stocks to bona fide purchasers. Shall we require the owners of stock, when their voting power in several companies which ought, to be Independent of one* an other would constitute actual control, to make election in which of them they will exercise their right to vote? This question 1 venture lor your con- 1 sideration. There is another matter in which imperative considerations of justice and fair play suggest thoughtful remedial action. Not only do many of the combinations effected or sought to be effected in the industrial world work an injustice upon the public in general; they also directly and ser iously injure the individuals who are pul out ot business in one unfair way or another by tne many dislodg ing and exterminating foices of com bination. I hope that we shall agree in giving private individuals who claim to have been injured by these processes the right to found their suits for redress upon tiie facts and judgmehts proved and entered ‘n suits by the Government whole the Gov ernment has upon its own Initiative sued the combinations complained of and won its suit, and that the statute of limitations shall be suffered to run against such litigant! only from the date of ■ the conclusion of the Government action. It is not fair that the private litigant should be obliged to set up and establish again the facts which the Government has proved. He can not afford, he has not the power, to make use of such processes of inquiry as the Govern ment has command of. Thus shall individual justice be done while the processes of business are rectified and squared with the general con science. I have laid the case before you. no doubt as it lies in your own mind, as it lies in the thought of the country. What must every candid man say of the suggestions I have laid before you, of the plain obligations of which I have reminded you? That these are new things for whir-1 the coun try is not prepared? No; but that they are old things, now familiar, r»d must of course be undertaken if vve are to square our lnws with the thought and desire of the country. Until these things are done, conscien tious business men the country over will be unsatisfied. They ate in these things our mentors and colleagues. We are now about to w.ite the addi tional articles of our constitution of peace, the peace that is honor and freedom and prosperity. Muehlfeld Electrocuted. Ossining, N. Y.—Frank Muehlfeld, alias The Kid,” went smilingly to his death in the electric chair at Sing Sing prison. He was the second man to be executed for the murder of Pat rick Burns in New York city two years ago. Big Bill” Lingley, Muehl- feld’s pal, was electrocuted on Hay 5. Both' Lingley and Muehlfeld left state ments absolving Ralph Furcolo of any : connection with the crime. Furcolo is serving a twenty years' sentence. COLD WEATHER DISHES ABUNDANT NUTRIMENT FOR THE BODY IN WINTER. Appetizing Method of Preparing and Serving Veal Cutlet*—Corn Bread at Ita Be*t—Recipe for Vir ginia Smothered Chicken. By 1.1 DA AMES WILLIS. Veal Cutlets a la Maintenon.—Pro cure two poundB of veal culets, having them cut three-fourths of an Inch thick. Trim neatly, then dip each one first in beaten egg, and thon in pounded cracker crumbs, seasoned with salt, pepper and a bit of mar joram. Wrap each cutlet In half a sheet of buttered letter-paper or heavy paraffin paper, well buttered; lay on a greased broiler, and broil over, or exposed to, a clear tire, not hot enough to scorch, however. Turn oft en. When they are done, have fresh papers ready to put the cutlets in if those enveloping the cutlets become discolored. The edges of the papers should be fringed and twisted to se cure the juices of the chops. Veal cooked in this manner is delicious, as all the juices and flavor are retained. Baked Squash.—Cut in pieces as for serving, remove the seeds and stringy portion, brush with molasses, season with salt and pepper, and bake until soft. Add butter and serve from the shell. Trifle.—Get half a dozen little sponge-cakes (lady fingers or slices of stale sponge-cake may be used). Also a dozen fresh macaroons. Make a thick custard with three eggs, two tablespoonfuls of com starch mixed with a third of a cupful of sugar, and two-thirds of a pint of milk. Scald the milk, turn it over the eggs and sugar and cook over hot water until thick; then set away to cool. Arrange the sponge-cake in a glass dish and moisten with a gill of cream, flavored with vanilla. Sprinkle powdered su gar over the cake. Then spread a layer of raspberry jam or strawberry jelly over this. Add the macaroons and pour the cold custard over the whole. Heap whites of eggs, beaten Btiff, over the top, sweetening them slightly, or whipped cream in place of the eggs. Chill thoroughly before serving. Corn Bread.—Sift one cupful of yel low cornmeal, and one cupful of flour, and put together. Add one teaspoon ful of baking powder, and half a tea spoonful of salt. Beat two egg yolks light; add a pint of milk and a table- spoonful of melted butter. Stir this into the meal and flour, and last of all stir In gently the beaten whites of the eggs. Pour the batter into a thoroughly well-greased breadpan. The batter should be two inches deep, .lust before it is placed in the oven, pour carefully into the middle of the batter, a cupful of sweet milk. Do this very gently, and do not stir It. Bake in a moderate oven for at least three-quarters of an hour. When done, cut into squares with a hot knife, split open and butter and eat while hot. Virginia Smothered Chicken.—Spilt a tender chicken down the back and lightly season with Balt and pepper. Put Into a roasting pan with a cupful of liot water and bake in a hot oven until tender. As soon as it begins to brown, make a paste of two table spoonfuls each of butter and flour, spread over the chicken, and then baste every ten minutes with the pan drippings until the chicken is a nice brown. Take out the chicken and keep hot. Place the pan over the fire and pour in a cupful of rich milk or thin cream, and stir until It bolls up. Season to taste with salt and pepper, and pour over the chicken. Garnish your dish and serve. Fried Oy*ters. Select large fine oysters, drain and dry with n napkin, lift with thumb and forefinger on either side of the eye or hard portion; dip into bread crumbs and then into beaten egg. and again into bread crumbs. It is seldom necessary to add salt to the crumbs, but a little pepper, black or red, as preferred, is an improvement. After crumbling, pat the oyster between the hands and 'ay upon a platter to dry well before frying. To fry, im merse in deep hot fat in which a piece of bread will brown nicely. When the oyster comes to the surface it is done. Drain and keep upon a hoi platter until ail are ready to serve. Oyster Cocktail. Cut a cover off stem parts of six even sized sound green peppers, scoop out Insides, remove seeds from covers as well as stems, and place in six small, deep oyster plates with shaved ice all around. Place 48 freshly open ed small Blue Point oysters In a bowl, add six drops tabasco sauce, six tablespoonfuls freshly and very finely grated horseradish. Mix all well to gether, then evenly divide oysters In the six green peppers, place covers on and serve with a teaspoon on each plate. Olive Oil for Shoe*. Patent leather shoes may be kept in good condition during the cold weather by rubbing them with a little olive oil and polishing with a piece of Canton flannel. This will keep the leather from cracking and the shoes will always appear new Hard Soap. Soap that is allowed to dry and harden lasts twice as long as if used when fresh. Therefore, it la cheaper to buy in quantities and keep it in a dry place. POULTRY • W3S COLONY HOUSES FOR WINTER Some Poultrymen Arrange Summer Coop* iri Suitable Manner for U«e During the Cold Weather. When young birds are brought In from the range we often find our selves In need of more house room to winter the increased flock. There are several ways In which the summer colony coops may be made to piece out the winter houses. If there is but one it may be placed close to the main house and used as an extra scratching and exercising room. The fowls may then pass from the main room to the addition by means of a tube constructed of boards and set into the opening about 10 by 20 Inches in size, cut near the floor of each building. A dry goods box with top and bottom removed will answer nice ly as a connecting passageway. Some people fit up the summer col ony coops as laying rooms, arranging all nests in them and thus leaving the whole space in the main building for use of the hens in the daytime. Still others use the coops as dusting rooms. Especially do the early brooder bouses answer nicely for this, as there is usu ally plenty of sunlight. The dust may be kept moist and free from trash and so does not get into the food and water vessels, as it often does when nesting and feeding must be done In the same room. Sometimes two or three of these coops are used together for 'a small flock, one being used for a roost ing room, ODe for a nest room and exercise. In each case they are joined by a wooden tube or passageway. Some make their summer colony coops of knockdown BectionB so ar ranged that some five or six of them may be set up together in one continu ous shed for sheltering the birds in winter. Such a pen must either be banked with straw or covered with pa per for the winter to rhake it wind- proof. By the time the young birds are ready for the colony houses an other year the old ones are having free run of the farm. DRINKING PAN AND GRIT BOX Vessel Is Elevated to Prevent Litter Being Scratched Into It—Contriv ance Is Easily Made. The accompanying illustration of a combination drinking pan and grit box appeared in a recent issue of Successful Farming. The idea of ele vating the drinking pan is to keep the water clean and prevent litter being scratched into it. The birds soon learn to fly upon the perch In front of the pan, to get the clear water. The pan Itself Is made about three inches deep, so that when the wa ter becomes frozen it can be easily dumped out. The small hopper or box under the grit, or be divided into compartments drinking pan is made on ttye self-feed ing principle, and may be used for grit, or be divided into compartments Drinking Pari and Hopper. for oyster shell and grit, or beef scrup. The frame on which the pan rest: is made to fit over the side of the hopper, the cross slats being firm on the top of the hopper. The whole contrivance can be easily made out of odds and ends of lumber found lying around most poultry or barn yards. The combination, when finished, Is hung on the wall at a convenient height. PROFITABLE TO GRADE EGGS Better Prices Are Always Secured When Eggs Are Sorted According to Size and Color. Even buyers at the country store will appreciate your efforts if you will sort your eggs according to size and color. Graded eggs show up a great deal better than those that are piled in promiscuously, and should — and will—command a better price If the dealer’s attention is called to the fact, and he Is assured that your eggs will be furnished that way all the time. There are few, even of country stores, that would not be able to command a higher price for uniform, clean, fresh eggs, attractively picked, and one that produces that kind the year round can Becure an advance in the market price. Large shippers will jump at the chance to secure eggs of this class, and are always ready to pay a higher price. One firm made the statement re cently that strictly first-class eggs Were worth eight cents a dozen more to their trade than eggs that they could not guarantee. It is the cheapest possible way to increase the poultry Income. Try It. Beat Grain Ration. A mixture of wheat and ogts makes one of the very best grain rations for hens. They lay on it because it con tains the stuff of which eggs are made. CHILDREN LOVE SYRUPJF FIGS It is cruel to force nauseating, harsh physic into a sick child. Look back at your childhood days. Remember the "dose” mother Insisted on—castor oil, calomel, cathartics. How you hated them, how you fought agulnst taking them. With our children it's different. Mothers who cling to the old form of physic simply don't realize wnat they do. The children's revolt Is well-found ed. Their tender little "insides" are Injured by them. If your child's stomach, liver and bowels need cleansing, give only deli cious “California Syrup of Figs." Its action is positive, but gentle. Millions of mothers keep this harmless "fruit laxative" handy; they know children love to take it; that It never falls to clean the liver and bowels and sweet en the stomach, and that a teaspoonful given today saves a sick child tomor row. Ask at the store for a 50-cent bottle of "California Syrup of Figs,” which has full directions for babies, children of all ages and for grown-ups plainly on each bottle, Adv. Epitaph for a Trust. "Miss the trusts!" said Senator La Follette at a luncheon in Washington. "Yes, oh, yes, when the trusts go we’ll miss them—we'll miss them like the widow. “A widow, at her late husband's funeral, happened, during the burial service, to drop her handkerchief into tlie open grave. “A young man gallantly offered to leap down and get the handkerchief for her. "But the widow shook her head. “ 'No,' she said, ‘leave it there. I have done with tears now.’ ” IF HAIR IS TURNING GRAY, USE SAGE TEA Don’t Look Old! Try Grandmother’* Recipe to Darken and Beautify Gray, Faded, Lifeless Hair. Grandmother kept her hair beauti fully darkened, glossy and abundant with a brew of Sage Tea and Sulphur. Whenever her hair fell out or took on that, dull, faded or streaked appear ance, this simple mixture was applied with wonderful effect. By asking at any drug store for "Wyeth’s Sage and Sulphur Hair Remedy,” you will get a largo bottle of this old-timo recipe, ready to use, for about 50 cents. This simple mixture can be, depended upon to restore natural color and beauty to the hair and Is splendid for dan druff, dry, itchy scalp and falling hair. A well-known druggist says every body uses Wyeth's Sage and Sulphur, because it darkens so naturally and evenly that nobody can tell it has been applied—it's so easy to use, too. You simply dampen a comb or soft brush and draw it through your hair, taking ono strand at a time. By morning the gray hair disappears; after an other application or two, it is re stored to its natural color and looks glosEy, soft and abundant.—Adv. Looks That Way. "If we'are good wo will come back to earth a number of time.” "Some people prefer to take no chances on that possibility.” "How's that?" "They prefer to lead double lives now.”—Courier Journal. Many Children are Sickly. Mother Clray'u Sweet Powders for Chlldreu Break up Colds in 24 hours, relieve Feverish ness. Headache. Stomach Troubles, Teething Disorders, move and regulate the bowels, and Destroy Worms. They are so pleasant to take children like them. Used by mothers for 24 years. At all druggists, 2. r >e. Sample mailed FRKIC. Address, A. S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y. Adv. Remarkable. "It is odd that so many eloquent ar guments are made about the unwritten law.” "Why so?” "Because the unwritten law ought to be unspeakable." "Money Back" Medicine. Our readers never risk a cent when they buy Hanford’s Balsam of Myrrh because every dealer In this liniment is authorized to refund the money if the Balsam Is not satisfactory. Adv. The Test. She—Women can fight as well as men. He—Certainly, if it comes to the scratch. For sprains and bruises apply Han ford's Balsam thoroughly. Put It on, and rub it In. Adv. Modern Ostentation. Thornton—Fannie Flaeliley carries her bankroll in her stocking. Rosemary—I’m not surprised. She always seemed fond of finunting hei wealth.—Judge. To quickly cool burns and take the fire out use Hanford's Balsam. Adv. Enough for One Man to Do. 'Tve written a song.” "Then be satisfied with that. Don’t inslBt on singing It also.” One remedy with many uses—Han ford’s Balsam of Myrrh. Adv. No Trouble At All. "And 1 shall want a private bath.” "ThatTl be all right, all our bath room doors have locks on them.”