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tration rest all their hopes upon a division
among its friends. To effect <us object
no ai ts have been wanting, first to create
jealousies among the prominent members
of the party, and secondly to create an
actual diversity of interest among them.
A union of feeling and action between the
South and West, is destruction to this plan
and the fears of the opposition lest it should
take place, have been among the principal
causes of bringing on the present conflict,
and to all app-arance if accelerating the
union. An avowal by Mr. Hayne of those
liberal principles in relation to the public
lands contained in his speech, was accord
ingly heard with alarm, and a great effort
w;ia instantly made by Mr. Webster to de
stroy its ctlect; to defeat the alliance be
tn.>Mn the South ‘-*0(1 ihp Wpst, by creating
dissensions between them, and to invite
the W est to ally rather with the opposition
which is principally confined to the Kat.
Then came Mr. Benton's open r*jection
of the investigation, Mr. Haynes splendid
defence of the South, and the vehement
argument between these three great por
tions of the Union by their representatives
upon the character, claims, and merits cf
each or more properly upon the claims
which the two Atlantic sections severally
have upon the confidence of the West. It
was truly a strife of mighty minds and
each champion bare himself greatly in the
contlict. It. is in contemplation,as I learn
tti publish the whole debate in a pamphlet
f°rin, which will, I doubt not, be most
extensively circulated, re-. and and ad nired.
Nothing can more clearly demonstrate
the general consciousness of the rising
power, and approaching ascendency of
the Western poition of the Union* than
such au argument. It seen.3 conceded
that the sceptre ot dominion, is passing
westward rapidly, and that the Atlantic
States are contending already, which shall
stand first in the affections of their future
rulers
In Ii toning to these discussions, it is a
subject for grave reflection ami regret that
eucb controversy should ever And admis
sion into the halls cl Congress, and that
there should exist subjects for legislation,
which give rise naturally and unavoidably
to such deplorable results, arraying one
portion of the Union against another, re
kndling party animosities and creating
discordant interests the bonds of mu u*|
affection which it was and weakenin g the
°HP ct of the Union to tighten and pre
serve. The disposition of the public lands
is one of the most perplexing and difficult
to adjust of any of these questions, and
perhaps the most dangerous unless ap
proached in a spirit of mutual concession
ftod compromise. There are notoriously
doctrines on this subject, abroad in the
Western States, hostile to the entire titl?
ol the General Government to hold land
w ithin the limits of any £tate.—The Gov.
er nor of one of those States, in an oflicial
communication to the Legislature, has
broadly asserted this claim, and there is
little doubt but that the opinion is gaining
ground. There is yet no strong party
formed maintaining this doctrine, and the
leading citizens who represent the West,
disavow it that extent. The political as
cendency has not yet pasted over the
valley ol the Mississippi, and while the
fiower of resistance remains with the At
luntic States, such a claim would be unan
iinou-ly resisted. But her great increase
‘ol representation which the next census
wild-give to the Western States renders
the possibility ot such a conflict as must
inevitably ensue were such n claim formal
ly advanced, fearful to contemplate, and
earnestly to be avoided. Now then while
the power is in our hands, it seems to be
true mognan-mity and sound policy to
settle the question on amicable, concilia
ting. liberal terms; to grant these lands to
<hwe states, within whose limits they may
br, in ‘ucli a spirit u indulgence and com
promise, and for stuli reasonable consider
atom, that the payment may not be
onerous to them, and that the whole fund
maj be thus final y and hnnnomou-ly dis
posed ol lor the common benefit of the
* “' on ’ ‘"creasing its strength bv b .ildin ,
up nourishing Communities in the wesT
and perpetuating the blessings of the union
O the Mates, by multiplying their mutual 1
dependencies lor mutual benefits. To i
p. < .ice th„ desirable object appears to
b’ ,h * P ol, cy advocated bv Mr. Ila vne a * *
th • most conciliating to the west,’ as it
oeitunly secures tbe greatest benefit to
lt ;!u UDd r? ,ooJ to JCCortl with the
ewsot the Administration, and hence
, &i , 'lL" r s Mr -,' Veb ’. ,cr a " 3 “>” >■-
5..i.,“’ c,,ntr " K
in ti e South and West, is ruin to the p*t
litical views which the opposition ire
known to entertain and therefore the.
violence of Mr. Webster's assault upon
Gen. Hayne, therefore the fieriness with
which he denounced the South, while he
courted the West.
Upon the conclusion of Mr. Webster‘s
speech on Wednesday of last week, the
floor was occupied by Mr. Benten, who
did not conclude until Tuesday last.—-He
was followed by Mr. Sprague, of Maine,
who spoke all that day and the next.
Mr. Rowan, of Kentucky, succeeded, and
had not finished when the Senate adjourn
ed. He is to continue on Monday. I
observed Mr. Smith ofS. C. Mr Bell ol
N. H. and Mr. Holmes of Maine, and
Mr. Hayne, taking notes, and expert
them severally, to take part in this debate.
Hie Senate is now full, except JSr.
Troup, who was called home by a donees
tic affliction, and Mr. Adams the lew
Senator from Mississippi, who has notyet
taken his seat. The nominations are
before the Senate, and of course are
discussed with closed doors.—Enoigh,
however, transpires to make i£ generally
understood that the opposition 21 string,
are peifectly organised aginst them. I'he
Administration are however in decided
majority, and no peimanent obstacle is
apprehended/ Mr. Hendricks of Indiana
is also counted on as an accession to the
Administration. -i
Ihe resolution ot Mr, Grundy postpo
ningthe subscription to Messrs. Gales &
Seaton‘3 compilation of public documents
was taken up on Ihursday, and referred
to the Library Committee. Asthenia
jority of this Committee have been active
in opposing the subscription through all
its stages, the project is considered to have
tailed. It was a party vote throughout,
and in the final reference it was carried
21 to 20.
Mr. Webster‘s motion against the pub
lic printer has been passetf over in pilence
In fact it never was considered here, as
tenable at all. The wonder wag how a
man of unusual fielf possession, could have
suffered his temper to get so far the better
of his discretion.
ou will have seen much in the papers
concerning the ‘distractions’ of the Cab
inet as they have been called. Now so
far as the measures of the administration
are concerned, there never has been any
division or difference in the Cabinet, and
the misunderstanding which existed for a
time between some of the members, and
which originated in the officious malice of
ta <? bearers anti 9lander. rs, has been re
conciled. You need not give credit to
the stories which are constantly put into
circulation, of the divisions in the Cabin
et.’
extract
Os a Idler to the Editor of the Rich
mond Enquirer, dated
“Washington, Feb. 8.
Mr, Rowan resumed at 1 o'clock
to day. the speech which hs had com
ifieuced on Thursday last, and finish
ed at 3 o’clock. It was an able speech,
and a patriotic one. He expressed
liberal and sentiments in
relation to (ho public lauds, coinciding
with the opinions expressed by Gen.
ilaynn, whom he complimented as a
statesman, as well as an orator. The
main pari, and if I may so express it,
the body of Mr. Rowans, was direct
ed against the doctrines promulgated
by Mr. Webster, in relation to the
States and the United States Supreme
Court. On this subject he was full
pointed and powerful. He plead the
rausc of the States with energy, abili
ty, and indignant independeence of
spirit. He treated Webster's doctrine
as going to reduce the States to the
condition ot provinces, and broke
orth into an animated ‘ omparison be
tween the difficulty of performing that
opera*!cm upon independent States
and kingdoms, in the time of the Ro
j man Republic, and the-ease with which
‘it would be done here. There it renui
red armies, battles, and campaigns to
reduce an independent State to the
condition of a province, here it would
require nothing but a sentence of a
dozen words issued from a majority
! f tl,e Supreme Court. The com par
•son, as amplified and delivered by!
bun, was forcible and striking- The
speech, of course, will b e polished I
X;; 1 u * b,p
people, n tbslcr was not i D tbe Sen
ate, and had not been there except to ’
vote for the present to Gales <s* Staton .
siuce his contest with Gen. Hayne , nor
has he been but a small part of that
time in the Supreme Court. Qucre,
is he polishing, preparing and biting
his speech for the press? or consider
ing how to remove Green? or not able
to face the storm which he has conju- i
red p?
CABINET. I
IVARttR'NTOJSTi FEB. 27.- 1830 ~
Gov. Croup pMSsed through this
place in the stage, on Monday last,
on his way to Washington, to resume
his seat in the Senate of the U. States.
He appeared to be in line health.
Congress. —Our accounts from Wash
ington are up to the 20th inst. The com
mittee on the Judiciary have made a re
port adverse to the interest of Georgia, as
relates to the Florida boundary. The re
port on the great Indian question was ex
pected to be made on Monday the 22d. It
was ascertained that it would be favorable
to the interest of Georgia.
Georgia Gold. —We are informed by
a gentleman who passed through this
place yesterday, that the gold hunters
are literally swarming in the Chero
kee Nation—from 1500 to 2000 per
sona—copper, ebon, and white, with
all the intermediate shades, are sedu
lously employed in this chase, and are
generally handsomely repaid for their
labor. The gentleman alluded to had
a quantity of the precious metal
perhaps to the value of some thousands
of dollars—and with a part of which
our vision was regaled. Does not this
look a little like the approximation of
the period when the shaving machines
called Banks, & the rags cal ed Bank
Bills shall avaunt and quit my sight?*
Removal of the Indians. —There can
hn no doubt but that, the policy of the
General Government, in regard to the
removal of the Indiana is fixed, and
all the efforts of those opposed to their
emigration, whether from a sickly
sentimentalism or a conscientious o
pinion that it would be entirely in
expedient as a measure of Govermen
tal policy, will he fruitless. The U.
S. Telegraph of the 19th inst. con
tains an advertisement, by order of
the Sec. of War, headed, Proposals
for supplying emigrant Inuians with
rations, West of the Mississippi. The
advertisement states that “ Scaled
Proposals, and to he endorsed, propo
sals for rations, will be received by
the Secretary of War, until the 20th
of March, 1830, for supplying rations
to such Indians as may emigrate to
their lands West of Arkansas and
Missouri.*’ The considerate part of
the American people are becoming
daily more convinced of the propriety
as well as expediency of the course
the administration has determined to
pursue, and if such exploits as that of
Vuskina • as narated in our first page,
will not satisfy the admirers of Indian
character of the fact, they must be in
corrigible indeed.
Mr. Burritt having retired from
the Editorial department of the
Statesman and Patriot, John G.
Polhill Esq. the junior Editor has
now the sole management of that de
partment. We coincide in opinion
with the Washington News that Mr.
Burritt‘B retirement is an acquisition
to the paper. Mr. Polhill is a native
Georgian—a gentleman of literary
acquirements and taste—and tho* his
political opinions are not of the school
that we deem orthodox—yet his con
duct, as represented to us, in the late
developement of Burritt's secret cor
respondence, and which, beyond a
doubt, led the way for Burrett’s re*
tirement, is a pledge that his future
course will be guided by what he may
believe to be conducive to the best in
terest of Georgia.
William Cobbet, after all
bis twjgtings and turnings has i
turned orator. He ddiverctv
recently, to a crouded hr] a?,
tentive auditory, in Livci jius* .
the first of a series of four lec
tures on the state of the coin
try and what he considers th
proper remedies for national
distress. After some preliminui'v
observations, Mr, Cobbett sr at
ed, that the four propositions
which would constitute the
groundwork of as many ice.
tures were— Ist, That the
cause of the distress, now so
prevalent, was not to be found
in any of the circumstances to
which the Government and
Parliament ascribed it; but that
the one, sole, £5 efficient cause,
was the change that had been
arbitrarily made in the val.
ue of money:— ad, That the c
vil would not cure itself, hut
must be removed by an efficient
legislative measure, but nut by
one compelling a return to a
depreciated paper money, as
that would be unjust, ruinous
to every individual, amt dis
graceful to the nation at
large: —Bd. That the efficient,
just, and honorable remedy
was to bring down the public
expenditure to what it was pre
viously to the late war. and to
draw from the mass of public
property what was requistc to
make up any deficiency, place
the monetary system on a so.
lid bash, and enable this com.
try again to say to foreign m.’
tions, “You shall not make con
quest without the leave of Eng
land:’—and 4th, That the mea
sures fie would propose to re
duce the expenditure were e
quitable, easy put in force, and
such as would restore harmo
ny and kind feeling between all
ranks of society in this hereto,,
fore justly proud and powerful
kingdom. The lecture illiH
trative of the first of these’ pro .
positions occupied about two*
hours iu the delivery. Our
limits will not permit a more
detailed account of this expose of
Mr. Cobbett, but we cannot re-’
frain giving its conclusion— it
is bold and striking, and to an
Arne ican displays in strong re*
lief the blessings of our rcnubil.
can institutions and the happfc
ness of our highly favored land;
|Mr. Cobbett, mentioned some
instances of sudden reverse of
fortune amongst commercial
men, arising from the sudden
alteration in the valim of mo
ney, and commented on the
still more drsasterous effects
with which it had been attend
ed with respect to the manufac
turing classes; and particular
ly the agriculturalists, ; nDe| . [)r *
shire, the wages of the mano.’
facturers were -is. f,d a „. cel
at the most 7s. and many of
them were compelled tn'liv
entirely on potatoes, or ca ! bair*-
and salt. At . the agrfcultyiV