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THE CARROLL FREE PF5ESS, CARROLLTON, QA. “SEEING STARS.” The Curious Illusion That May Coma With a Blow on the Head. Usually tbe sensation occasioned by a blow on the head or in the eye is accompanied by a hallucination. The person struck thinks that he 6ees something similar to the light of stars or fireworks. Such an illu sion follows the compression of the globe of the eye. If there is a sud den relaxation of the eyeball, due perhaps to a passing paralysis of the external muscular system of the eye, the effect is like that of a strong breath exhaled over the face of a mirror. Instead of a shower of sparks or stars, a veil falls film like on the eye. A man “sees stars” because the eye has been momentarily flattened cither by sudden action or by a spontaneous spasm. Sudden sick ness, a swoon, nausea or some too poignant emotion may be enough to produce the reflex movement. The most peculiar feature is that the in itial scat of the phenomenon is not in the eye, but in the ear. This is a recognized physiological fact that has been demonstrated by the best eye specialists. The sense of local ity, the sense of space, to which man owes his power to stand alone, to walk straight, to look straight forward or in any chosen direction, the sense which regulates his atti tudes and co-ordinates his gestures, is seated in the semicircular canals of the internal ear. When a hem orrhage, a wound or a violent dis turbance of any sort produces dis order in the semicircular canals the disturbance is followed by vertigo. \ertigo is a visible trouble. The victim cannot use his eyes. If he can see at all his vision is blurred or deceitful, and he imagines that he is either falling or rising from the earth. There is a close relationship be- DON’T BURN LEAVES. The> Should Be Turned Over Into tha Soil as Fertilizers. Fools burn leaves, leaving foi themselves a pinch of poor ash, but sending back into the air what was taken from it by the process of growth. These thousands of tons are not made out of the earth, but out of the air, and are intended to be turned over into soil. If you plant a tree in a tub of dirt and leave it there until it weighs a hun dred pounds you will find by weigh ing the dirt that the tree was not made up of what was in the tub, but almost altogether of what it could get from the air-carbon and nitrogen for the most part, with hydrogen composing a good share of the liquid part of sap. The elements of the soil (lint are not in the air are deep down under the surface of the soil or incorpo rated in the rocks. The most im portant are potash and phosphorus. You get some potash from ashes, weed waste, soapsuds, and there are a few soils that in their natural state are entirely deficient in this element. The timber soils of our corn belt contain about 2,000 pounds of phosphorus per acre. Raising crops that use lip tl -se ele ments steadily lessens the possibil ity of growing any crops at all. We have got to find them in the soil; if we use them up we have got to replace them. Agriculture should be renamed sericulture, because we are really taking from the air the larger part of our annual crops. What we must know is how to do this most read ily. Our fathers knew that they must use mauure, and they knew that they must rotate crops. They knew also that living plants fed on decaying plants, this having first served as food for animals.—Out ing. tween the nerves of the eye and . _. _ . . . those of the internal ear, and some T ... , , skillful physicians have declared In on . c those moods of discour- that the physician who is sum- a g e . men * and dl8lllu81 °? wlu< * oc ‘ moned to a case of eye trouble i - ii.__i_.-_i.__ ^ k should begin his diagnosis by a care DAIRY HERD IMPROVEMENT. Economy of Pure Bred Sires and Care ful Milk Testing. That there is profit In milking such cows ns are found on the average farm at this time is attested by the larger number of farmers engaged in dairying. This profit, however, is not nearly so large, nor does it even ap proximate tlie profit that would be ob tained by (lie breeding up and improve ment of tbadniry herd, says the Kansas Farmer. This can bo done most eco nomically by tbe use of a pure bred dairy sire. With a reasonable degree of certainty heifers resulting from the first cross will produce two times as much butter fat per year with first calf ns did their mothers, and, while the improvement is not so marked in the successive crosses, nevertheless each cross should result in an improvement. Dairy herds the foundation of which have been very common cows have been so graded up in tills state in a period of ten years ns to produce 300 pounds of butter fut per cow, which is more than three times the amount of butter fat produced by the average cow in this state under the present methods. The use of a pure bred dairy sire from a heavy producing cow marks only the beginning in the building up The Illustration ahows a fine Hol stein bull which won first prize St the Illinois state fair. He Is a good specimen of the breed, large and vigorous, with the black and white well distributed. He,la an excellent breeder and is good enougli to head most any herd. ful examination of the periphery of the outer ear, as well as the mech anism of the internal ear centers. —Harper’s Weekly. Tha Humoroua Suabiana. “Next to tbe Americans,” said Max Nordau, “I think that tbe Sua- bians are the most humorous peo ple in the world. A Suabian, if lie lias nothing funny to say, keeps si lent. Stupidity is unknown among this race. “One night in Suabia in my ear ly youth I called on a Suabian maiden. She was very pretty. Per haps I Rtayed longer than I should. Suddenly, at any rate, the young girl’s mother called in a loud voice from upstairs: “‘Gretchen! Gretchen!* “‘Yes, mother,’ Gretchen an swered. “ ‘Gretchen, it is very cold here. Will you ask that young man to shut the front door from the out side ?’ ” Tha Indian Chiaf Tammany. The aborigines, whatever may be said against them, enjoyed natural beauty, and their habitations were often made in this delightful re gion, their councils being attended by Chief Tamenend, or Tammany, a Delaware, whose wisdom and vir tues were such as to raise him to the place of patron saint of Amer ica. The Tammany society of New York is named for him. When this chief became old and feeble his tribe abandoned him in a hut at New Britain, Pa., and there he tried to kill himself by stabbing; but, failing in that, he flung burning leaves over himself and so perished. He was buried where he died.— From “Myths and Legends of Our Own Land.” timistic men the minister lament ed the decay of patriotism and the absence of patriots in this day and generation. “The patriot of our forefathers,” he said to the senator, “is as extinct as the dodo.” The senator smiled—not hope fully nor cynically, but rather wea rily. “You don’t know how to find them,” he said. “I could raise a hundred of them in twenty-four hours.” The minister looked interested and slightly incredulous. “It is but to refuse an unreason able demand," said the senator, “and up spring your patriots.”— Youth's Companion. A Proposition—Unique, Attractive and Meritorious, ’ To the friends of Agricultural and Mechanical Education in the Fourth Congressional District of Georgia: The Agricultural and Mechanical School at Carrollton, Georgia, is an honor to the District and a blessinf to the boys and girls who enjoy its opportunities, and through them to all their acquaintances and associates at home. The Trustees and Faculty are faithful, capable and energetic They do the best they can with the means and appliances at their command, but there are more students than can well be accommodated, and many applicants are turned away. During the present year one hundred and seventy two have been enrolled. The Academic building is adequate, the kitchen, dining room, and work shop are all that could be desired. The farm is one of the best in Georgia, but the dormitories are insufficient, and the married teachers are crowded into the dormitories with the students, which is neither desirable nor economical. Another dormitory is an absolute necessity, as well as one or two cottages for the teachers who have families. The question is how to secure the money to build them. It will require about fifteen thousand dollars. As Carroll County secured the school on competive bids the other counties naturally expect her to equip the institution fully. She has done more than she promised to do. She has expended about sixty thousand dollars to wisely that it has secured for the school about one hundred thousand dollars worth of property. One or two public spirited citizens of Carrollton are willing to furnish part of the necessary money but not all of it. As a means of raising part thereof we propose the following plan, which possesses the additional me/flt of promoting the objects of the school—agricultural and mechanical development aud production: In connection with the District School and under its auspices a Fair Association holds a successful fair about the last of October each year. In connection with that Fair we can raise the money necessary for the additional buildings, The undersigned will donate and place in the hands of L. C. Mandeville, Treasurer of the Board of Trustees and President of the First National Bank of Carrollton, six hundred dollars to be paid in prizes as follows : 1. For the largest yield of Corn one acre ,. For the second largest yield of Corn on one acre For the third largest yield of Corn on one acre . $100.00 50.00 25,00 Total $175.00 2. For the largest yield of Spring Oats on one acre. (Too late for fall oats) $100.00 For the second largest yield of Spring Oats on one acre . , . . 50.00 For the third largest yield of Spring Oats on one acre . . . . 25.00 For the largest yield of lint Cotton on one acre .. For the second largest yield of lint Cotton on one acre For the third largest yield of lint Cotton on one acre . Total $175.00 $100.00 50.00 25.00 Total 4. For the best one hundred ears of corn , , . , . 5. For the best single ear of com . . . . . : 6. For the best bundle of Spring oats . . 7. For the best matured stalk of cotton 8. For the the best article of handiwork made by an A. &. M. Schoolgirl 9. For the best article made by an A. &. M. School boy in the school shops $175.00 $ 15.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 15.00 15.00 of the dniry herd. It Is very neces sary to kno^v these cows which aro returning a profit on the feed consurn ed and the labor employed. It may be that every cow in the herd is doing this, but the chnnces arc that not. more than half of the cows on the average farm are paying for their feed aud la bor if these bo charged against the dairy products of the cow. It is de sirable to know which of the cows are returning the largest profit for the pur pose of weeding out and disposing of those cows which are yielding the smallest profit, which may be very lit tle in excess of the cost of feeding and which cows do not add to the vnl- ue of the dairy. There is only one known menns of determining the rela tive merit of the respective cows, and that is by weighing the milk and test- lag. There Is, however, a very simple standard of determining the relative merits, and that Is by exacting from the cow a certain flow of milk per year, and to arrive at a standard on this bnsls It is necessary only to weigh and record the milk from each cow at each milking. The farmer as a beginner can set his standard at 3.000 A Strang Praaehar. The minister’s eight-year-old daughter was returning with her parents from church, where the dis- I p 0UU( jg 0 f milk per twelve months, trict superintendent had that morn- ' gmj m,y cow which does not produce ing occupied the pulpit. this amount is not profitable for dairy “Oh, father,” asked the little j purposes. Her piaco In the herd can girl, her face alive with enthusiasm, be filled by a cow which will meet Any farmer in the Fourth Congressional District who wishes to compete for any of the prizes, may be fore March the 15th 1911 notify Mr. L. C. Mandeville, Carrollton, Georgia, and send him $25.00 for each of the contests in which he wishes to engage, either corn, cotton or oats either one, two or three but $25.00 for each. The contest for prizes Nos. 4, 5, 6 &. 7 are open to any person living in the Fourth Congressional District who will notify Mr Mandeville in advance and deliver articles at the school without expenses. If a sufficient number in our judgement do not remit in the three main contests to help substantially to ward the objects in view Mr. Mandeville will return each competitor his $25.00 on March 15th, and notify the* 5 -' contributors that the contest cannot take place. If sufficient responses and remittances justify going on with the plan the money contributed will be used towards making the improvements. Mr. Mandeville will arrange a room at the Fair Grounds during the next October Fair to exhibit all the samples of corn, bundles of oats and stalks of cotton donated under Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7, and all articles produc ed and contributed by the school boys and girls referred to in prizes Nos. 8 and 9, all of which will become * the property of the trustees, and after being exhibited adjudged, and prizes awarded, will be sold and the pro ceeds added to the building fund. Mr. Mandeville will name a committee to pass upon such exhibits and award the premiuns at a public meeting to be held in the school auditorium at some hour to be announced on the last day of the Fair. As to determining the largest yield of corn, oats and cotton among the contestants who enter 1,2, and 3, 4 the yield must be proven by the affidavits of reputable men who measured the land and the product of the acre, and the affidavits must be approved by the Ordinary of the county in which the producer lives, and shall then be accepted as conclusive by the Committee on awards unless challenged under oath by some other con- v, testant, in which event steps will be taken to ascertain the truth. In case of a tie for any premium the premium will be equal divided between the tied contestants. W. C. Wright. W. C. Adamson. Mr. Mandeville’s Acceptance. 1 approve the within proposition and the scheme it sets forth. I agree to act as therein directed, faithful ly complying with all of its terms and stipulations. I hope, however, that remittances will not be limited to those contesting for the prizes. Many liberal friends of education who are not farming, nor disposed to enter the contest may, neVerless, feel inclined to make a contribution to improve the facilities of the school. I trust that ail such may promptly remit such donations as they feel able to make, whether they wish to enter the contest or not. The school is in urgent need of another dormitory and one or two cottages, and if the people generally do not help us it will fall very heavily on a few of us. This Jan. 2, 1911. L C. Mandeville. Kongo Fra# Stata, The Kongo Free State was prac tically unknown to white men prior to 1876, when it was explored by the Belgian authorities. It was rec ognized by the European powers as a state in 1885. The country com prises a strip of territory on the right bank of the river Kongo, as well as some 802,000 square miles! an area larger than that of the republic of Mexico. It has a pop ulation of only a f?w thousand whites and about 10,000,000 of blacks. Its climate in many places is bad for Europeans, though it may be possible, with scientific san itation. to make a safe abode for whites.—New York American. An Uncharitable Diviaion. “Teacher said charity begins at home. Do you know what that means, mamma?” “Yes.” “Did you know it means that Aunt Jane is a wicked lady?” “Why, Georgie!” “Yes, it does. Aunt Jane has got a bucketful of hair an’ three switch es, an’ Uncle Jim is most as bald as an egg.”—Cleveland Plain Dealer. “don’t you think Brother C. is a very strong preacher ? I do.” Gratified by this evidence of un usual intelligence on the part of his offspring, the minister eagerly inquired into her reasons for her statement. “Oh,” replied the little miss art lessly, “didn’t you see how the dust rose when he stamped his feet?”— Judge. Th# Third Ward. ‘Til bet you anything you like,” •aid Jones to Brown, “that you can’t spell three simple words I’ll give you within twenty seconds.” “I’ll take it on. What are they ?” said Brown. “Well, here goes,” Jones said, as he pulled his watch. “Believe.” “B-e-l-i-e-v-e.” “Receive.” R-e- c-e-i-v-e.” “Wrong 1” said Jone*. “What?” exclaimed Brown. “I’ve spelt the two words you gave me correctly. I’m certain I’m not”— “Time’s up!” Jones said triumph antly. “Why didn’t you spell the third word—w-r-o-n-g ?” Prod For Prod I “This animal, ladies and gents,” ••id a traveling showman, “is the chimpanzee. The remarkable thing •bout the chimpanzee is that it comes nearest to bein’ a human person of any speshy of the monkey tribe. This here is the chimpanzee, ladies and gents—the one inside the cage. Please stand a little farther back, sir,” lie added to a youth who was poking the animal with his cane, “for the company may make a mistake!” Injured Innocence. The Sympathetic Pal—Wotcher, Bill! You looks bad. Been laid up ? Bill—Yus. sort of. ’Aven't been outor'doors for free munfs. The Sympathetic Pal—Wot was the matter wiv yer? Rill—Nullin’; only tbe judge lie wouldn’t believe it.—London Sketch. the required standard at a moderate price. Clean Milk Pay# Beat. Good milk cannot be produced In a filthy bam. Tho barn should be scru pulously clean, and tbe milker should have clean clothes and clean bands. If you expect te build up a trade la dairy products it will pay you to pro duce clean milk. Discontent. It is both the curse and pleasing of our American life that we aro never quite content. We all expect to go somewhere before we die and have a better time when we get there than we can have at home. The bame of our life is discontent. We say we will work so long and then we will enjoy ourselves. But we find it just as Thwtkeray has ex pressed it. “When I was a boy,” he ■aid, “I wanted some taffy. It was a •hilling; I hadn't one. When I was • man I had a shilling, but I didn't want any taffy.”—Robert Collier. The Alpine Glow. A beautiful effect of sunset in clear, calm weather in the high Alps is known as “Alpenglujien.” The snowy peaks blush, in the rays of the setting sun, and the rosy tinge fades out, then reappears, not once, but sometimes twice. This is, of course, an effect of refraction, The rays of light from the sun in passing through the higher atmos phere are bent and strike the peak, but its dying out and reappearance have been mysteries. Dr. Amsler at tributes the phenomenon to changes of temperature affecting the refrac tive power of the air at high alti tudes. Tbe repeated waxing and waning of flip glow are due, he thinks, to cold rTsTrig from tbe 'ati below the peaks after tbe sun’s rays are withdrawn from it and to heat afterward rising from tbe soil.—St James’ Gazette. DON'T MISS IT By Special arrangement the Managers of the Lyceum course have secured Trank Dixon One of the Greatest Lecturers on the American Stage School Auditorium FRIDAY, JAN., 13TH FRANK DIXON unquestionable stands in the front rank of plat form orators, He is master of a audience.—Jn:>. S. Lyon, D. D n fHoly yoke, Mass KIDNEY PELS for backache, rheumatism, kidney or bladder trouble, and urinary irregularities. Foley’s Kidney Pills purify the blood, restore lost vitality and vigor. Refuse substitute*.