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SPANISH NAMES.
A«tM*l*y Th>te Proper Fro-
MnncL*tlou.
B la • f»c« *h«* » ««»«■ majority of poo-
O te find difficulty In pronouncing a new
word when it first meets their eye. Thia
Z.g Illustrated many times in thia city
while the Spanish was in New
vnrk harbor. Some said Vli-ky-ya, others
Viz-kee-ya and ’ uu others Vlz-ka-ya. Ao
enriiing to Udo Reger, a professor of lan
ouaaes in Kooheeter, the correct pronunci
ation to With-M-A and the accent ia on
the second syllable. The 1 to long, and the
t h base sharp hissing sound. The profess
or authority tor the assertion that all
the s’s tbit occur in the Spanish language
have the sound of w and b fused, with the
preponderance of sound in favor of the w.
B has the same affliction as the v. 0, so
the professor says, sometimes has the
aouod of th, and then, again, it is tz, but
/or a change it is sometimes given its own
hard sound, k.
Professor Reger gives the correct pro
nunciation of a number of the names
which have sppeared in connection with
Cuban affairs and tbe disaster in which
the Maine was lost. In the following list
the word la spelled as it la written in the
first column and as it should be pro
nounced in tbe second:
Havana—Hah-wah-nah, accent on sec
ond syllable.
Madrid—Mahdree, accent on second syl
lable.
Blanco—Blahdg-ko, accent on first syl
lable.
Cabanas— Cah-wah-nas, accent on sec
ond syllable.
Sagasta—Sa-gas-ta, as spelled, the a’s
sounded as in oat.
Gomez—Go-meth, accent on first sylla
ble; o long.
Canovas— Car-no-was, accent on second
syllable; o long.
Ruiz—Roo-eetb, equal accents.
Maceo—Mah-the-o, accent first syllable.
Maria Rodriguez—Mah-ree-a Ro-dree
geth, accent second syllable both words; o
in Ro is long.
Perioo Diaz—Per-ee-ko Dee-ath, accent
on second syllable in Perico; accents equal
in second word.
Reina Mercedes—Rayee-nah Mer-the
dez, accent first syllable in Belna, second
in Mercedes.
Galicia—Gal-eeth-ee-ah, accent on sec
ond syllable.
Jorge Juan—Whorg Wbahn; in these
words the J has tbe German sound of ch,
but it can best be represented in English
by wh.
Bernabe—Bear-nah-ee, accent on first
syllable.
Cadiz —Kah-deetb, accent on first sylla
ble.
Eulate—Aoo-lah-te, accent on second
syllable.
Santa Cruz—Sahn-tah Krooth.
Puerto del Padro—Poo-er-to del Pah
dro, accent second syllable of Puerto, first
syllable of Padro; o’s long.
Castillo del Principe—Kah-steel-yo del
Pring-see-pay, accent spoond syllable of
Castillo, first syllable of Principe.
Dry Tortugas— Dree Tor-too-gas, accent
second syllable.
Lupercio Martinez—Loo-per-cee-oh Mar
tee-netb, aooent second syllable of Luper
cio, second syllable of Martinez. -
Dupuy de Lome—Doo-pwee duh Lobm.
This is a French name, somewhat modified
in change from that tongue into Spanish.
Weyler—Wl-ler, aooent first syllable; 1
long. This name comes from the German
and retains tbe German pronunciation.
Cristobal Colon—Krls-toh-ahi Koh-lon,
accent on first syllable in Cristobal, second
in Colon.
Du Bose—Doo Bosk.
Matanzas—Mah-tahn-thos, accent on
second syllable.
Azore—Ah-thoh-ray, accent second syl
lable.
Rayo—Rah-yoh, accent first syllable.
Arlete-*Ah-reeay-tay, accent second syl
lable.
Almlrante Oquendo—Al-meer-ahn-tay
accent third syllable in Al
mirante, seoond syllable in Oquendo.
Pedro B|vas—Pay-droh Ree-wahs, ac
cent first syllable in both.
Pando—Paha-doh, accent first syllable.
—Rochester Pdst-Express.
Railroad Woes In China.
A missionary writing from China to a
friend in this city recently described the
difficulties under which the newly com
pleted railroads are conducted in that
country.
Passengers in the first class coaches, he
said, exhibited so strong a desire to carry
off various articles from tbe cars as souve
nirs of their "trip that the coaches were
speedily stripped of those things that con
tribute to the comfort of the passenger.
They took away with them hat and bun
dle racks, mirrors, lamp brackets, hooks,
small tables and even doors. They were
considerate enough to leave the car frame
and wheels. And tbe purloinera were gov
. ernment officials and people belonging to
the wealthy classes.
The stations along the railroad over
which the writer traveled were rude sheds,
very unclean and without a chair or bench.
The cars, too, were very dirty. While this
was especially true of the seoond class
coaches, which were oftentimes crowded
with halt naked, unwashed people, the
first class coaches also became very unclean
in a short time. It soon became necessary
to take out all the upholstery and replace
it by plain seats.
When the railroads were being built, re
ports were spread that the foreign con
tractors were stealing Chinese children
and burying them in the roadbed so as to
propitiate tbe god who rules over rail
roads. These reports greatly excited the
people, and in one instance a mob attacked
two missionaries near Peking and would
have killed them had not a detachment of
soldiers rescued them. Under guise of
these reports children were really kid
naped and taken into the cities for im
moral purposes.—New, York Sun.
Salmon For London.'
In the list of big salmon contributed an
nually to The Times one sees a record of
numbers of fish running from K) pounds
to over SO pounds. These big fish are usu
ally bought by the most fashionable fish
mongers, for they aje rather difficult to
sell to ordinary customers. Even at the
best shops one wonders how three magnif
icent salmon, weighing from 40 pounds
to 46 pounds each, wil\ be disposed of in
tbe course of 24 hours. Now that every
course at dinner is served out of sight of
the table there is no particular credit in
having a very magnificent fish, even at a
eity banquet. That, however, is the destl
totion of most of the monster fish.
Some of tbe best hotels, too, always have
•almon one day in tbe week at the table
« bote, and there a 26 pound fish may of
ten be seen lying ready for subdivision
among the guests. Smoked salmon, main
ly cured in Norway, is always ridiculously
year. No reason can' be given for this, for
fish costs little to cure, and there is no
of its turning bad, asin the case of tbe
wesfa fish—Ccrnhill Magazine
» r
ONCE THEY WERE MEDIUMS.
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New They Zxplate Their Sias by Toesing
Ball, of Bine Fire.
Close by the Northwestern tracks at
Leavitt street is tbe home of the “jug
gling sisters. ” They were twin presti
digitators in their days of life, so runs
the tradition, and now they toss balls
of blue fire about as tbe juggler does
eggs, cannon balls and tbe like. Their
pet amusement is to stand on their
heads and toss tbe balls as if they were
standing afoot The force of gravity
seems to be reversed for their benefit,
for* they “toss” the balls of fire down,
and tbe little flames “fan” up. All this
is set down just as James Mao Courtney,
the oldest settler in the neighborhood,
tells it He said the other day:
“Them broad windys over there on
the north side of the old building is .the
place where the sisters comes to show
theirselves. The year of the World’s
fair I counted up their performances, an
they come every 56 days. The reason
fer that is somethin I could never guess,
but some smart young chap here fig
gored out that it was always in the
dark of the moon. I’ve noticed since
that there never was no moonlight when
they got up there in the windys.
“WhaPs the cause of their hauntin
the old place? Why, sir, the story’s so
old there can’t no truth nor lie be made
out on it. There’s no man in these dig
gin’s longer’n I be, on I ken the story
only by hearsay, so to speak. I heerd it
from my granddaddy, an he said he heerd
it when he was a young man comin
here. That mus’ ’a’ ben in the thirties.
Onnyways he sed that the two sisters
was persdidjtators. It seems like they
give a performance in the house, which
was new then in course, an tbe pair of
them agreed ter be locked up in a box
thet was to be sealed an fastened, an
then they was to get out without break
in the seals. Well, they was locked up,
but they couldn’t get out, an party soon
they foun theirselves so short of breath
they couldn’t holler- loud enough to be
heerd. In course they was in a room
away from the other people, so’S the
common folk couldn’t see how the trick
was turned. When they couldn't holler,
they tried rappin, an the others only
thought they was a-workin out. of the
box an so didn’t pay attention. After
an hour or so the other peoples got nerv
ous fin went' in an opened tbe box, an
there was the two sisters, cold dead.
They buried ’em together in the box in
the yard back of the house, an that’s
why they juggles the fire balls upside
down like. ’ ’ —Chicago Chronicle.
MAKING ARTIFICIAL ICE.
How the Plants Are Constructed and Op
erated In Philadelphia.
Artificial cold or ice may be most
readily produced by the evaporation of
a more or less volatile liquid. In the
first machines constructed this liquid
was water. One-tenth of the amount of
water used was converted into ice, but
as it was necessary to maintain a vac
uum in the apparatus its perfect work
ing was a difficult problem. A more
readily volatile liquid, therefore, had
to be substituted, such as liquefied sul
phurous acid and liquefied ammonia.
Being gaseous at ordinary temperatures,
they are very suitable substances for
this purpose. The ammonia ioe machine
is the one in most general use—in fact,
it finds exclusive application in this
city. This liquefied ammonia is allowed
to expand in coils of pipes which are
placed in tanks filled with brine. The
temperature of the brine is thus reduced
to a point below tbe freezing point of
water —that is, to 14-18 degrees F.
In this refrigerated brine are placed
galvanized iron tanks having the shape
of the large cakes of ioe which one is
accustomed to see in the wagons that
pass through our city streets. After a
period < f 48-50 hours this can of water
is converted into solid ice. The can is
hoisted out of the brine, warmed with
hot water, which allows the cake to
slip out upon a shoot that runs into the
storage rooms/"ZThe gaseous ammonia
in the be used over and over
again, a large compression engine being
a part of the plant, vyhich reduces the
expense of the process. From this de
scription it should be plain that there
can be no taint of ammonia to give a
taste to the ice.
The plants .usually employ distilled
or artesian water, so that the ice is of
the best quality. Whatever impurities
the water contains are collected in the
wlyte streak found in the center of each
cake. The pure water separates from
the impure and freezes first. Even ten
years ago the demand for ice was sup
plied from natural sources, the har
vests from our own Pennsylvania riv
ers, which were stored every winter in
great houses on the shores of the streams,
being supplemented by shipments
throughout tbe summer from Maine.
There are now in Philadelphia 16 ice
making plants, some of which yield
over 100 tons per day each, and the arti
ficial product for several yean has been
a perlons competitor of the natural arti
cle. —Manufacturer.
No Negro In South Africa.
The word “hegro” is not heard in
South Africa excepting as a term of op
probrium. Over and ovei*again have
Afrikander Englishmen stopped me
when speaking of Zulus, Bosutos, Mata
bele and so on as negroes. “You in
America only know the blacks who
come over as slaves. Our blacks are not
to be confused with the material found
on the Guinea coast. ’’ —“White Man’s
Africa,’’ by Poultney Bigelow.
A Boston newspaper complains that
the famous Bunker Hill monument,
Which when first erected was the tallest
creation of man in this country, has
now become quite insignificant in
height It is 220 feet high, or 827 feet
shorter than city hall tower in Phila
delphia.
Greater Glasgow, with a population
of 853,000, has only 494 medical men,
lor one doctor to 1,726 of tbe population.
It must be a healthy place.
■
ENGLISH IN CHICAGO.
Ol«X»ion on Onunmar Between nNewi
poptr and a Citizen.
The Chicago Inter Ocean becomes
both sarcastic and indignant when any
one questions the purity of its diction.
So when a reader named Campbell ven
tured to criticise expressions used by its
society editor the captious one found
that he had caught a Tartar. Thia is the
way The Inter Ocean puts it:
Inclosed with the following letter,
received a few days ago, were two dip
pings from the society columns of The
Inter Ocean:
Here are three barbarians that caught my
eye in thia morning ’• issue of your paper—
There is no such word as “gowned"—it is
nearly a Cockney vulgarism that had its
origin in London, England-“owelleet" is of
the same sort—and same origin—No American
having any regard for purity of language can
use such slang—As all these words appear in
so called “society items" I take it your Society
editor is a male or female dude and needs a
lesson in language—The harm done by the use
of such words in your paper is very great as
thousands of children read it and absorb its
words—Do stop this Cockney vulgarity—
Jambs Camfbbu.
There is no doubt you mean well,
Jim, but a form in a night school would
be beneficial even to you before you be
gin to give lessons in English. To begin
with, you would be taught there that
our grandfather, Lindley Murray, al
ways told us to use periods. You ought
to have known Lindley, Jim. He wai
a distinguished grammarian, you
know, or perhaps you don’t know.
And then, Jim, there was Tennyson.
He said of a heroine in one of his poems
that she was “gowned in pure white.•”
So you see Lord Tennyson found the
word “gpwned” to be useful long be
fore you learned to walk steady on your
hind feet or to eat with your front
hoofs. Webster says “gowned” means
“dressed in a gown; clad.”
You say that these barbarians “caught
your eye,” and you fail to mention
which eye they caught. How is tbe
other eye?
You are right when you say that our
society editor is either a male or a fe
male. Do you belong to one of these
sexes? We suspect not. When you write
again, spell “merely” as it should be.
The way you spelled it is like spelling
your name "camel” instead of “Camp
bell.” See that hump?
We don’t like to offend your sensitive
ear, or the other one either, Jim. Buy
Webster’s Dictionary and a fourth read
er. Start right, and your sensitive ear
may outgrow its affliction.
SAVE THE DOGS’ EARS.
Cropping Them Prevents the Animals
From Hearing Well.
Any one who has heard the mega
phone must have wondered at the ex
traordinary power of increasing sound
that is produced by form, and I would
like to call attention to one point in
connection with cutting dogs’ ears that
Ido not remember to have seen men
tioned anywhere that is, from an
acoustic standpoint:
I have lately purchased a small York
shire terrier, imported from England
only a few months ago. Ito ears were
clipped in England after what the seller
of the dog declared to be “the very lat
est style.”
The ears were first clipped and then
stiffened up with three effects on the
dog:
First.—That the buzz of a bee or fly
causes him tyo retreat under cover of
safety.
Second.—That he ducks his head
when about to be patted, a sure sign of
the length of time the pain of the oper
ation must have lasted.
Third.—(An effect I had not expect
ed. ) That he has absolutely no idea of
the direction of sound.
In the ears of a mastiff dog any one
who observes tbe shell-like form of the
ear opening may easily imagine the im
mense power of such a trumpetlike in
strument to increase the volume of
sound. A change in the acoustical ar
rangement of the flap of the ear would
necessarily entirely puzzle and bewilder
the owner as to the direction of sound,
and this one point cmear cutting would
seem of itself to conflqmn the practice.
—Our Animal Friends/***
A Natural Magnet.
Professor Smythe was once lecturing
in a provincial town on natural philos
ophy, and in the course of his experi
ments he introduced a most powerful
magnet, with which he attracted a
block of iron from a distance of two
feet.
“Can any of you conceive a greater
attractive power?” demanded the lec
turer, with an air of triumph.
“I can,” answered a Voice from the
audience.
“Not a natural terrestrial object?”
“Yes, indeed.”
The lecturer, somewhat puzzled,
challenged tbe man who had spoken to
name the article. Then up rose old
Johnny Sowerby. Said he:
“I will give you facts, professor, and
you can judge for yourself. When I was
a young man, there was a little piece o’
natural magnet done up in a neat cot
ton dress as was called Betsy Maria.
She could draw me 14 miles on Sunday
over plowed land, no matter what the
wind or weather. There wasn’t no re
sistin her. That magnet o’ yourn hl
pretty good, but it won’t draw so far as
Betsy Maria.’’—Strand Magazine.
His Connection.
Bannister, the comedian, was present
ed to a proud old Scotch dame. “Who
are the Bannisters?” she asked peevish
ly. “I do not recollect meeting with
them before.” “Madam,” replied r the
actor gravely, “we are closely connect
ed with the Stairs.” “Ah, there is a
good and ancient family 1” cried mad
am. “Mr. Bannister, I am, delighted to
make your acquaintance. ’ ’—Household
Words.
- _ ’ A Deecriptioiio *
. ’'Oh, MandF’ said the other girl
“Maud is the sort ot girl that every fel
low who courts her has his arms full
aud tbe man who marries her will hav«
his hands full.”—lndianapolis Journal.
—a-** *** »*•
THE BRITISH “NIGGERS.*
- - ■ - , •
Brutal Murder at Aborigine asta Uta Way
Australians Look at It.
A great sensation has been oaused at
Perth, Western Australia, by the trial be
fore tbo chief justice (Sir Alexander On
slow) of a white squatter named Ernest
Anderson for the murder of an aboriginal
called Spider, and of two other aborigines,
Biddy and Polly. Ln spite of tbe clearest
evidence and the plainest direction from
the judge the jury refused to oonvtot An
derson of murder and brought in a verdict
of manslaughter only. I believe no white
man has ever swung for a black, and one
member of tbe jury declared he would sit
a week if necessary, but “he would never
hang a white for a few d d niggers.”
Thereupon the others agreed. Anderson
is said to have been introduced about town
as “tbe man who killed that lot of nig
gers. ” Hie only regret was that ho would
not be able to see the race for the Pertl
cup. The chief justice sold that he tried
a similar case 13 months ago, but then
only one black man was flogged to death,
and the jury acquitted the prisoner alto
gether.
The facts In this case are peculiarly re
volting, and the brutality revealed is of an
almost incredible character. Seven abo
riginals, three of whom were children, ran
away from Bendhu, a station in the north
west, which was managed by two brothers
named Anderson. Tbe reason for their
flight was said to be that the sheep In their
charge bad strayed, and they were afraid to
face the consequences. The Andersons pur
sued and overtook them at another station
25 miles off. On tbe way back they were
allowed no food, and on reaching Bendhu
they were tied up while the brothers bad
their dinner. Afterward tbe wretched
natives were mercilessly flogged. “Candy,”
one of the adults, was first attacked. Alex
ander Anderson beat him till he was tired,
and then his brother went on with the
thrashing. Spider, the eldest native, tried
to run away again, but was brought back
and securely tied by the legs and nook.
Then he was flogged with such violence
that he died. Biddy and Polly met with
tbe same fate. Even the children, Louie
and Minnie, .one 12 and the other 8, were
flogged with tbe same knotted rope.
Among the local community at Bamboo
Creek the case was regarded with a dis
graceful leniency. At the inquest tbe jury
found that the aboriginals bad “died from
exhaustion;” a rider was added “censur
ing” the brothers Anderson, and a bench
of magistrates Inflicted a few paltry fines
on them for assault.
• Subsequently, by order of the publio
prosecutor, the bodies of the dead aborig
ines were exhumed, and after expert ex
amination of tbo broken limbs an Indict
ment was brought.
Alexander Anderson died of typhoid fe
ver in Freemantle jail before being brought
to trial.—St. James Gazette.
The Disappearing Tray. *
If you over use one of those little fancy
Japanese metal trays sold about tbe streets
for ash receivers, don’t put it on tbe stove,
though that happens to be a handy place
for a circle of smokers to reach. That was
what the observant Jeraeyman did tbe
other night at his country home.
He and his sons were sitting about a big
stove on a cold night, all smoking, and for
convenience he put tbe ash receiver on a
sort of shelf at the back of the stove against
the smoke pipe. When he went to bed, be
left the ash receiver there. The following
morning his wife discovered it. It was per
fect in appearance and form, and still held
the pile of ashes, burned match ends and
cigar butts which bad been deposited in it
the night before. She was about to pick it
up, when she bethought herself that it
might be hot. Taking something, there
fore, to push it with, she attempted to slide
it off upon a plate.
The moment she touched it tbe ash re
ceiver lost its form, became liquid and ran
off the stove upon the floor in a shining
stream of white metal. Tbe heat of the
stove had been sufficient to melt the pew
ter of which it was composed, and it bad
probably stood there for hours, all in a
liquid form, except the little crust of oxide
and lacquer upon its outer surface. This
crust bad been coherent enough to keep
tbe tray in form until a touch broke it,
and then the whole had collapsed.—New
York Sun.
Jewel Trays.
Pretty little trays of metal or pottery
are much in vogue as receptacles for rings,
when said rings are “off duty,” as now
and then happens, though not for so long
a period as to be put under look and key.
The trays are ugt to be commended, how
ever, and for a very simple reason—they
.are not good for the rings. Drops of water
will wear away stone itself, and the rough
or hard surface of these small trays is opt
wholesome contact for anything so suscep
tible as gold. It is astonishing how soon
one’s rings will show tbe wear and tear of
nightly reposing upon an unyielding sur
face. Satin or velvet is the only kind of
contact that so fine a metal can endure
with profit, and unless padded or lined the
little trays are to be tabooed by all who
value their rings. Even the china upright
twigged branch and tbe outstretched hand,
both very popular as ring holders, are not
to be sanctioned Anything short of flesh
itself, or that which is most like flesh, is
sure to make tbe rings show signs of wear
and tear.—New York Sun.
Vocabularies.
In a talk about the Algonquin lan
guage Dr. Edward Everett Hale observed
that 600 words of any language are enough
for human communication. “Six hun
dred words,” he said, “are said to be suffi
cient for the couriers in Europe, and it is
tbe outside limit of tbe vocabulary of the
Italian opera. It is true that this is the
minimum of human intelligence in both
cases, but still It answers for the convey
ance of thought In the book of Judges,
for instance, there are not 700 different
words. ”
\ "*
Valuable Experience.
“Johnnie,” said his father, “I'm sur
prised to hear that you have dared to dis
pute with your mother.”
“But she was wrong, pa,” replied John
nie.
“That has nothing to do with it,” said
tbe old man. “You might just as well
profit by my experience and learn once
for all that when a woman says a thing is
so it is so, whether it is so or not. ’’—Chi
cago News. '
Oae er the Other.
“ I wish I could remember what Lobelia
told mo to order when I came down town
this mornipg,” said Mr. MeSwat. "It
was either a tea set or a settee, but which
one of the two it was I can’t call to mind
to save my life.”—Chicago Tribune.
Pay of Actors In China.
In China a company of 80 actors can bo
engaged for 830 to play as many pieces as
may be dasired for two days at a stretch.
'
AN OPEN LETTER
To MOTHERS.
WE ARE ASSERTING IN THE COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THE
\ EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD “ CASTOBIA,” AND *
“PITCHER’S CABTORIA,” AS OUR TRADE MARK.
L DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, Zfyannis, Jfossaawrdte,
vof the originator of “PITCHER'S CASTORIA,” the same
that has borne and does now on
bear the facsimile signature of
This is the original" PITCHERS CASTORIA,” which has
used in the homes of the Mothers of America for over thirty
years. LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it is
the fund you have always bought ° n
and has ihe signature of wrap-
per. No one has authority from me to use my name ex
cept The Centaur Company of which Chas. H. Fletcher is
March 8,1897.
Do Not Be Deceived.
Do not endanger the life of your child by accepting
a cheap substitute which some druggist may offer yo”
(because he makes a few more pennies on it), the in
gredients of which even he does not
“The Kind You Have Always Bought”
Insist on Having
The Kind That Never Failed lon.
th« c«mt«uh e»«Mav. rr wvmmv ctmct. m«w twu jWv.
'
’ ■ ■ r. r •- u-v ■ oaijgp-iL /
v —&ET YOUB —
■>' - *•' k *• ' I 'c' ' xJ* *. ’ ft- r •' • '■'
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An atlrac dve POSTER cf aay size can be issued on short notice.
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