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pyoin flic JV. ic 1 )iv. 1) !j • r,\ - ‘Ct'. MAJOR DOWNING'S OFFICIAL COM MUNICATION TO THE CABINET. Major Downing in his letter of December 27th, after mentioning the fact of bis having road his v-ews on the subject t the Rank, and the Deposites, rti the Cabinet, engaged to send a copy o. the document to this paper for publication. A delay ot some <1 ys oecured iietote we received it. This we understand, was caused bv a wish that the Cabinet might have an opportunity to re-examine the case, end a h ‘pe that they might unite in opinion n this tcorny matter. Having waited for some tin e for toe accomplishment of this important objt- t, the Major became convinced that the pr s r.t Cabinet was lar from being a “ unit,” j and considered it useless to wait any 100 ter; an i he therefore fulfilled his unbet taking bv I sen ing us the important document alluded to. tV. recommend it to our readers as one of the most interesting exhibitions of the subject that j has ever been presented to the public. MAJOR DOWNING’S OFFICIAL LETTER. Read to the Cabinet, and Majors, Auditors, and under-Seeretaries. and Sub-Postmasters, and the rest of the Government, on 26th day i of December, A. D. 1833—ami printed for: the use of all the citizens, from Downingville to i New Orleans, along the sea coast, and up the Mississippi and Mis-o iri,andsorio\vn the Lakes, arid across by the Erie Canal to Albany, <nd along bv the middle tout over New Jersey, Pennsvlvnny, and Mtryla and, to Washington, and away agin to all parts of creation, ar.d to ; every body. CixiißAL'-and Gentlemen of the Cabinet, and the rest on you here present composin the Government: I speak to you as a man standin right between you and the people: what I am goin to say aint calculated to make any on you change your opinion, so uch as to make yo know mine. You have pretty much ail on you find your turn and now comes my turn. If any thing I say has sharp corners, and scrapes th skin a little, it is because I haint had time to file the edges smooth. I’ll give you tnv n - pretty much as you get bread from tho baker’s, and leave you to slice it or chunk it, a best suits you; and every man can buttt r bis own slice jest to please his fancy, that aint my business, so much as it is hisn. We are met here not only to fix on some ] plan to get the country out of trouble, but to sec how it got into trouble, and lam going to s.v a little on both pints. When a chimnlv smok - j at the rong eer.d, with the wind at northeast, j f. >me f dks ntav content themselves with >p-n- 1 ing windows and doors, to let the sin V <>ut, | but my notion is, that the safest plan is to see into the cause on’t, and correct it—so that the c.iiimbiy will only smoke at the right eend, let the wind blow any way. Now, there is a fi w thi tv- must look in to a littl , and then we v Lt,- more about cm, and lam goin to ex :: ‘ What kind of a crittur the fix:..; of the Uni ted Svttes ralv is; Whether its nature is to do good or evil to j t’ae country, and then wind up with Matters and things in general. Twenty years ago the country was in trouble I and rifl'd up with all kinds of bank caper • nigh upon as bad as old continental: and a good deal was a little worse. If any body aint old enuf to remember that time, and wants to see what kind of money I mean, let him eo to the Treasury, and Mr. Tnnev can show him ni-rh a million and a half of dollars, not worth the cost ot th° nap r and ink used every year in making a report on’t: but this is only a drop compar’d to what would be now’ there of the same kind if stuff, if it had’nt been for the Bar.k of the United States. All our wise folks of that day said we must have a Rank of the Uni ted States, aud a good big one. One strong onus to do the work well, and to eiear out ail this trash : and so this Bank was made, and the first thing was. as there was a very l.tl ’ rale money in the country, the Bank went and bo’t a good jag on’t ia Europe, and went to work here elearin away jest as vre do cur fields in the Spring. It was a pretty dirty job to do so I tell you, and the Bank did’nt get through with it without scratchin and smutttn its fingers pretty consid erable; and that waa’t the worst on’t for the Bank. The Government made the Bank agree to pay fifteen bundled thousand dollars for the privilege of doing this work, and made it agree to take care of the people’s money in all parts of the country, and to pay it here and there wherever the Government told ’em to,’ and to pay all the pensions, and to do every thing in the money way without chargin ar.v thing for it to the Government. This was u pretty tuffhargin for the Bank ; for all it gut in relurr, was to have the keeping of the money, and when the Government did’nt want it, the Bank might lend it out. It took a good many years afore the Bankgot things to work smooth It was like a whappin big vvagpon that wanted a good many horses to drag it, and as it had a valuable freight in it, wanted none but the best fond of horses—Conestogas—and it want overy one who knew how to drive such a team. The owners of this waggon found that out tor some of the firs! that thev got ca..ie plagv nigh oversetting it. So to rights they got Squire Bid.lk . 1 suppose they thought that seeiu that tiie folks in Penneylvaoy have the best and strongest horses and the biggest waggons, they ought to know best how to guide ’em.— TVel!, they made a pretty good guess tbai firm forever since they lohi the Squire to t ike the lines, the;, haint lost a iinch-pin or broke u r!mp: unil there warn! no complaints ria le f.gm him by the .'elks oo the road, or the coun ty. All the ether v.;.grooms lilted the Squire uin zirv'! ; he was always ready to give ’em c lift when h ’ found them in the mud. and w hen ever they got short of provender, the Squire ne ver refus’d to turn cut same of his ta k’ cp their L-jiscs from suffering. Every thing was goin on better and better, end every body said at home and abroad there 1 warn; such a team ia all creation. Weil, about lour years ago, we began to pick a quarrel with the Squire, and its been goin on every year pretty much after this fashion. The first go off’ some of our folks wanted the Squire to change some of his leadin horses—‘they said the breed warnt right—he ought to put on the lead some Albany trotters —that they were the best horses on ti e lead he could have. The ; Squire did'nt like t< change—lie said the hor ses he had knew the road as well as he did, and thej 1 would’nt bolt nor kick up, and when they came to uphill work he could depend on ’em. j Then agin our folks wanted the Squire to j change harness—they said they had new , patent cellars, and a horse could pull as much agin with ‘em as with the old fashione’d collars. Well, the Squire didn’t like that notion nother. So to rights they told the Squire he must give up the lines—well that he would’nt do he said without oiders from the owners of the team— they !nd appointed him, and so long as they kept him there, he would go along aud do his duty, jest ns he had done; and it warnt right to keep stopnin him every day on the road, and trying to make him try new plans. And with that all our folks made a regular battle on the Squire; some took away out of his w aggon a part of the bags and ooxes, and divided it rou id among the drivers of other waggons, who was mixin in the scuffle too and away they cracke’d oft'with it. Some undei took to cut the Squire’s traces, they thought they was only leather and rope traces; ‘ont the Squire was too deep for ’em, for his traces was all ;haiu3 kiveredwith leather, and so they spilt their jack-nives. Some vent on a i,ead and roiled stones in the road, and dug deep holes and tried all they coul i to make the Squire up set, and threw stones and mud at him and his hor-res; but the Squire kept on, t.is horses did’nt flinch, and as they had drag’d the big waggon over vors > roads in their day, they w- at along without accident. Well, now it mrns out that all the waggons that drove oft’ so ith a part ot the Squire’s load are in trouble r die first peace of murid v read, they all stuck . t, aud there they are now. One wants the to give him a pull and a lift; but they say ‘ all w ant lilting ; the Squire has jest come ‘! with enr, and now they want him to hitch on i in and drug em all out together; but he -avs that’s tinpossib'e, the most lie can do is to ink.- back the load they took from his waggon, and then perhaps they can git out of ths mud; but it is more than his team can do, and he wont run the risk “f breaking bis harness or m ure Ins horses to drag em all out together. ell now that's jest about the condition of things and the longer they remain so, th<* worse it v ;l • the longer horses am waggons ! ?,and £:;< deep in mud, the less able the’il be to git out Oivt. And now I’ll leave em there 3 ?pell,and we’ll i t h ■ a look into the naturofth Bank, and what it really is, lor to hear some folks talk about it, one would think it was a mostshoeking monster, and that it was pretty much nothing else but squire Biddle, when i is no more the squire than that big waggon is, not a grain more. Look at this In g list of names; well these are the owners of th -Bank; here we see in the first place the nation owns one-fifth, and the rest is scattered round, as vou see here, among an everlastm batch of folks all about this country, and some in forin countries; and I am glad to see on the list here old widows and old men, and trustees of children, who h tint got no parents livi and all our own people, they put their mo ney in the stock of this Bank lor sale keeping; not to sp < u!ate; and jest so with the innocent j foreigners, and the best on’t is they hav paid our folks a pretty high premium for every dollar on't—well these are the folks then that compose the Bank. Now what cay do they want this Bank managed !—the business of the Bank is to loan money, and is jest for all the world like any rich man whose business is to loan out his money— is it his inteiest to dabble in politics or to let olilicians dabble with him ? not an atom on't. Ii ever knew one of your rale politicians who ever could pay his debts, and they sintthe kind of folks people like to deal with any way who h\e got many to loan—they know that talking politics, and gittin things into snarls jest to answer party purposes, aint the way to pay interest nor principal nother, and politicians in a Bank are the worst folks in the world for the owners of the Bank, for the most on em haint got mony of their own to lend, but they auydu gy ready to loan otln-r f iks’ lnony jf^^Sfy, r politicians of the same parly. No no, a man who has got hifftffohy loan’d out (and its jest so with a Bank wants to see busy an ‘ industrious and mind their amffm and increase their prop rty, for then Tmv’ will be able to pay interest and principal too; they dont like to see things ail mixed up with politics and people quarreliin and disputin, and wht n they do, they git their mony back in their packets again as soon as they ran, fir they knew that polities aint profitable business. Then it comes to this, that if the Bank is wh rt l have said it is (and its nothin else), it aint such a monster as some folks try to make ijs think it is, and instead of being a dangerous monster, f see and know every body else must see, who (loot squint at it, but looks it strait in the face— that its nature is jest like the nrrtur of any man who has got property in the couutry, and that is to have every thing go on in harmony a..d w ith industry arid with honestly and accor din to law—no jangles and no tangles and talk in poltics in porter houses and bar rooms, hurrain f.r this man, and pullin down that man—that kind of work dont clearup new lands norplongh up old oues, it dont keep the hammer going, and the wheels turniu, and dont pay interest noi principal nother. But S"ine o! you say the Bank has too much power, and that Squire liiddh might do a good and. al ol ischial’ if he would. Well, there is my o and (riend. Cup*; Ehhu S. Bunker, of the steamboat President, runnin twixt New York ar.d Pioy idence—he’s got about sicb another monster —there is no teilin what a “ dangeous monopoly” of power that critur’s got in that are boat I was lookin into it when I came on with him a spell.ago, and lie was showin mo how he managed it. Ifhc was to fasten down the hir- ers of liicm tw’e mortal big copper kittles lie has got in his boat, and blow his bdlesses a spell, he would smash every thing for more than 50 acres round—Does any body want to know why he don’t do it; he has been in a steamboat as long now as the Bank’s been goin and haint scalded no body—but be can do it in a minit il he ehuses- well I’ll toll you why ho don’t—if aint his interest, and lie don’t own no more of the boat than Squire Biddle does ol the Bank— the owners of the boit employ him to manage it, because they know he understands his bus iness —He knows if he didn’t wat h over their i interest they’d turn him out—and jist so the owners of the Bank would sarve Squire Biddle. And that aint all, Capt. Bunker knows if he hurt any body with his boat he’d run a chance of hurtin himself too—he knows too that it is the interest of his owners not to have any acci dents aboard anv boat—for if people git scalded in one steamboat, they’ll keep clear ot all on ’ernand tho’ some folks think Banks aint like steamboats, 1 can tell ’em that in tho main they arc exactly alike—for unless folks have got confidence in ’em, and feel safe in ’em, they aint worth ownin—but when they all go on and meet no accidents, they are pritty good proper ty—and the largest, and strongest, and cleanest, and best managed, git the most business.—New 1 think that’s bnul about dangerous tuonopilica tor a spell. Let us now see what the Bunk is about, and what we've been about. Deacon Goodenou ; has been in that Bank as one of its directors off and on ever since it was a Bank, and I have heard .mi say 50 times, (and he’s a man to be depended on,)he never heard a word about politics in it till about 4 years ago ; and it all came from our sendin ev ery year since that time some rale politician to help the other 20 directors to manage the Bank ; tne first go off, tho Deacon says, they thought best to keep quiet, and make no stir about it ; tor it was pretty much like findin skunks in the c liar ; the best way was to let ’em slone, if they’d keep there, and run the chance of their goin *ut when they found there w irnt no eggs to suck ; but when they under take to cum up chamber *nd smell about in all the cupboards, it was time to snub ’em ; and then came trouble ; and that’s jist about the way now; and the Dea on says, and he is about right, that politicians in a Bank are jist as bad as skunks in the cellar—there aint one grain of difference. Some on you say we dont want a Bank now —well that may be so—but when I got up this mornin it was plagy chilly till I got my coat on —now 1 am warm, and it may be 1 dont need a coat—but I think ‘fllakerny coat off I’ll feel ‘ tiiilv agin and I’m „o certing of tins I wont make a trial ont. Some on you say the owners of this Bank ; odint got no r.‘“h!a rcchavtei —they have had it long vnuf—and its tims now to have a pew shuffle and cut; well that amt my notion and I’ll tell you why; tho’ this Bank was chartered for twenty years; it had a good right to believe we would renew its charter if it behaved well and did its duty, jist as a Congressman has a right to expect his constituents will send him to'Con gress again if he behaves well; and its a good way to k ep folks straightand make cm do their duty; but if we are to knoc k this Bank down, and have anew shuffle and anew cut, then I say that them folks who make money out of a rise of slock in tho new Bank, ought to pay the loss that all these olfl folks and young children will sutler by knocking down the old Bank —t'i say nothin about the innocent foreigners who put their money in this Bank, thmkin it was safe. And let me toll you another thing; the lonser a Bank stands, and the older it gets, the better folks abroad and at home like it; people vvuO have got money to leryl don’t like chaages; and particularly Government changes. Would any on you like to lend folks money in South America? and doyou think any of them Gover nments could make a Bank ti at folks would have any confidence in? I dont think they could; jist because they keep choppin and changing every year. v\ ill any on you say that it aint a good thing for a couutry to make folks all about think it is a safe one to lend rriony to ? aint credit worth nothin ? Well, liow does ar.y man in trade git credit, and make folks think him safe to trust? Will he break up his stsnd every year, and change his business, and try new plans? I say that aint the way; aw! no man ever prospeied after tuat fashion; but when he finds things go well with Idoi, he hangs on. or else he haint got no wd in him. Now, my notion is, that none on us alone can make folks all about creation think we are safe folks to trust. But all on us together can do so; and that is the reason a good big Bank can manage this for us. Folks abroad know the Bank; and the Bank know us; and so we can manage things through.the Bank better than we can alone. Some on you say it aint right to pay interest to foreigners; that when we git money from for eigners, they keep drainin us ofinterest. Well, that is all chalk and water. Now I know we have got an everlastin new country to clear up yet; and if an honest industrious man can get a few hunkred dollars lent to him. he can go and buy a good maney acres, and clear it up, end sell it to them very foreigners, who are all the while coming out here to settle among us, and they pay fifty times more for it than the land first cost; and so our folks go on borrow in, and can well afford to pay interest, and find them selves in a few years with money to lend too. Ami as long as, this lusiness goes on, 1 for one am willing to say to foreigners, as the Cape Cod fishermen ways to the fish, when he gits on the hook, and is pullin him in—“ So long as you hold on one eet and, I will t’other.” But folks abroad who nave money to lend, don’t know our folks who go on new land; —and a good many on old land nother. But they sell ’em the stock, and make ’em pay good premiums too, and our fo'ks can lend their money to our farmers. But it we go on, and nock down this Bank when its charter is out. and bring trouble an the coun try, foreigners say,—“ Aha! there’s trouble there!”—back they come with their stock, and git their money, and keep it; and all our ptos perhs is nock’d in the head ! We chartered this Bank for twenty years, and so wo do Canal Companies, and Railroad Companies; but ‘‘id we mean when the time was up to nock ’em all up too, and say wo don’t want no Bank, nor a Canal, nor a Railroad? It aint common hon esty to say so; and 1 won’t shuffle and cut with you after that fashion: for make tihnt I might by anew shuffle, I would be asham’d to look one of these innocent foreigners in the sac suy nothin of this long list ot Widows, and Or fans, and Trustees of Estates, and old folks; many on ’em, when they bought the Stock at a high premium, I suppose never thought about the charter, or how long it had to run, but trusted to the Government. And now if you cun chiz zle them out of their property, as you will by puttin down the Bank, jest to git anew shuffle and cut at anew one—without turnin as red as a beet when you meet’em, I for one sayl can’t, and I won’t, And now I’m most done—if I have trod on any one’s toes, it aint so much my fault as his en ; for I treud the strait lino, and tread only on toes that stick out beyond the line, and that’s too often the case with folks now a days in of fice. I’ve tell’d you now pretty much my notions; and I tell you for the last time, you have made a mistake, and that’s no disgrace to any man, un less he tries to stick to it after he knows he has made it. If you don’t know how to git the country out of the scrape you’ve got it in, the people will tell you pretty quick, or I aint no hand at guessin. I have now done my duty— If the people don’t do theirn, it aint my fault. If they say my notions are right, they’ll act on etnl; if they say they are wrong, then things will go on as they now go, and 1 hope they won’t git worse—but that I won’t promise. If things come to the worst, I shall suffer as little as any em, for I haint got no wife and children to sup port—and lam sorry fur those who have, if things are to go as they now go—l can cut my fodder pretty much any where. But I love my country, every acre on’t, and it goes agin my grain to see any part on’t suffer. And I know all this sufferin comes from party politics—this same party politics that has driv all our wisest and best men out of office; and now, to keep together, wants to git hold of the big waggon, and all the money in it. My dander is up, and I best stop now—fur t! e more I think on’t, and the more I write about, the more wrathy I git. Go no more at present, From fellow citizen, J. DOWNING, Major Downingville Milita,2d Brigade. T WESTERN HERALD. AIJRARIA, GF.ORGIA, JANUARY” 31. 1H34. To the Patrons of the “ Western Herald."— Less than twelve months ago, we were prompted bycircumstances, both of a general and private nature, to establish as Edi tor and Proprietor, a news|uipcr in this important, and prosperous section of Georgia, During the short time we continued it, we are glad to say it did not relax for want of encouragement from that political party, whose principles were in unison with its own. The Editor, ho vever, believing it his interest to resume the practice of his profession, as well as to give some attent ion to l.is private business, has determined to remove from Lump kin county. And the remate residence and business of tho Proprietor (in Athens,) lias induced him to dispose of the entire printing establishment, to William E. Jones , and llincs Holt, Jr. Esqrs. who will in future conduct it, as Editors and Proprietors. The paper will retain its name and principles, and we cheerfully join in recom mending it to the State P.ights people in Georgia, and elsewhere, confidently believing that they will always Welcome it as a Harbinger of those truths which we should all feel a deep interest in promulgating. Some of the late numbers of the Herald, have appeared with the name of J. J. Hutchinson, Esq. as Editor; this occured in consequence of in arrangement with Mr. utchinson, who was to have been by that arrangement invested with its charge as Editor. In closing our con nection with the establishment, we deem it but an act of justice to Air. Hutchinson, to state, that during tiie lime the establishment was under his control, it was conducted with energy, talents and enterprise, highly complimen” tary to himself and beneficial to the public. A. G. FAMBROUGH, O. P. SHAY'. —.222 : — The undersigned having purchased the entire interest in the debts of the establishment, it is respectfully reques ted that payment be made atas early a day as convenient, either to himself or lo Messrs. lloi.T & Jones, to whom the collection of the same has been confided. Subscribers to the Herald who have paid in advance,will continue to receive the same from the present Proprietors, with whom also, an arrangement has been made by which all subscriptions for the paper yet due, may be paid to them. O. P. SIIAW. —• 322222 • The “WESTERN HERALD” has passed by pur chase into the hands of Hines Holt, Jr. and William E. Joses, late of Jefferson, Jackson county, by whom it 1 will in future be conducted jointly, as Editors and Pro prietors. They will hereafter appear before the public in a Prospectus, in which they propose to give a brief summary of their political tenets, and of the principles upon which this pa per will be conducted. For the pre sent, it must suffice to state, that though the Herald has ; changed owners and Editors, it has not changed princi- j pies—that it is enlisted as heretofore, in flic cause of ■ State .Rights— in the maintenance of the State Riglits doctrines as understood, and practised in ’9S, and recent ly re-avowed and promulgated by tire State Rights Con vention assembled at JWilledgeville. The Editors base their faith upon the far famed Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, as understood in their plain and unsophisti cated sense and language. Not indeed in that sense in which some modern soi disant Republicans have fritter ed down to mean nothing and intend nothing; but in that in winch they tiro taktfn us the eloquent ud orthodoi, _ I poundcre of State Right and State remedies. Thev hl ■ to the entire, undivided, and indivisible sovereignty ,1 the States. They disavow the assumptions of powet] set up in the Presidents Proclamation, and contemn tvitj it the “ Force Bill,” asnearly allied in the principlesupoil which they are based, and in the spirit in w hich they c ..l engendered, to the alien and sedition laws. But motl anon. j The Herald will lie continued to its present subscribersl unless otherwise directed, in sanguine confidence thal they will be gratified with the continued sustenance r,| those principles which they have hitherto found in columns. It shall be the constant aim and effort of it] Editors and Proprietors, to render it worthy of the can] tintiance, tmd increase of that liberal patronage wl.iu ] has already received. To tho friends of State Righs] and State Sovereignty generally, it is presented, r,ji] the humble, yet cheerful hope, that its ample reward yj] be found in their enlightened patronage and liberal sub] scription; and that their recompense will be found in i] as the channel of useful information, and the or°-an ] correct doctrines, in the name and behalf of its late pj prietore, we return thanks to its advertising friends f c ,l their patronage, and respectfully solicit its continuant] under its new direction and ownership. The press ut] shortly be removed from Auraria to Dahlohnega, •;] County Seat of Lumpkin, where their favors will at a] times, receive the strictest attention. I —s 222£ : The Members of the State Rights Association t] Lumpkin county, are requested to attend a media* a] the Miners Hall, on Saturday the Ist of February, J half past G o’clock, P. M. By order of I J. H. THOMAS, Trcs. | John N. Rose, See. 1 —.aes*:.— Vve have read with peculiar pleasure, the letter of tlij distinguished patriot and consistent champion of Stall Rights, G. M. Troup, published in the Sonthem Rc| corder of the 22d inst. and regret that circumstances plac| it but of our power to transfer it entire into our cotumnl the present week. It shall however, appear in our noil It has been remarked to us in regard to this letter, bv onl with whom its author was never a favorite, but wta | yet honest enough in these times of political degenencl to judge w ithout prejudice, that ho had read it with■ disposition lo condemn, and that he had found it withoJ fault, and above condemnation. That in his opinion,! contained the true republican faith, and that the print] pies therein embodied, were those upon which dc-pende] the future prosperity and glory of our country It mil well be said of this as of most of the productions of th] same author, that its propositions are axiomatic, and :l plainly and forcibly brought home to the understandm! of the reader, that they require not the foreign aid ot real son and argument, to establish their truth. What tv* those now say, who have assumed to themselves the pi cuhat title of Troup union men, and have been profcssisl and acting upon principles, directly the reverse of the* maintained iii this litter ? to what subterfuge will tbl now fly to screen themselves from the charge of incons* tency? It has been but recently that they rcprescuM him as the advocate of the odious “Force Bill.” hi letter to one of the Editors of the Macon Messenger,™ published in that paper, put a quietus to this misreptß sentation, and left its propagators with the blush oflitJ hood on their cheeks, if indeed the sense of shame ™ not departed from them. Let those who still hopeß sustain themselves, by placing his name among tkol ponents of the present Ft ate Riglits party of Georg] road the following summary of his whole political fa] upon this subject, and answer if these are not the pa] ciplcs of that party, and which have received tho liber] condeinnalion ana abuse, of all the non-adherents] that party ha them original Clark men, or ucio I/] “ Troup union men.” “ That the exercise of certain powers tvhi] would otherwise have been exercised by th] States, has been granted to the Government ] the United States. 2d. That it has all the means admissible] any Government to carry those powers into c] feet. ] 3<ily Those powers have been derived fit] the sovereignty of the States, and wore deriv] ble from no other source ; that such sovereig] ty is notwithstanding unimpaired and i ndm;:] ished ; the government acting as a commj agent or servant merely to carry them into c] feet. 4lhlv. That being so derived, the Govert] rnent of the United States being charged tril their execution is of inferior authority to constitution which confers them; which is itsfl infeiior, and subordinate to the sovereijß which created it. . I Stilly. That the Constitution of the lull® States being a compact, contract or agreeracß between sovereings, equal in all respects, !■ parties to it are bound in good faith each to ‘ ■ others, and according to lire terms and letter ■ the instrument, to abide by it, and la luo” ■ obligations without any qualification, save. ■ 6th. That which results from a still higCß authority, the laws of God and Nature, by ■ law the sovereign power is bound, towatc <)'■ and take care of, to defend and piesene State or community from which it is insepa.* ble. , I 7th. That when by the action of the cowr.| agent or Government, the satety, happiness a* interests of a State are endangered, it is 1 right, and becomes the duty of the so ■ power to interfere for its security.—-u ■ - ■ interference being justifiable under 1.1 law when the action shall have been cons j] al, is the mere justifiable when the action - ■ have been unconstitutional and void. ■ Blh. That the States cannot even by J sovereignty bind themselves forever y ® °j] ments, stipulations or contracts of any ‘■ ’] with the qualificalii ns and reservations under the higher sanctions of the P . 1 which admits many causes of justifi ■ the non-observance, non-fulfilment ■ of the most solemn compacts. I hat n j ough that every generation should be p ■ to bind itself, but that the idea °l th P ~ J competency or of one generation to 1 cessive generations, is unnatural P ■ tcrous. . j : u st I 9th- That it is more reasonable ana J J confide the ultimate decision on the r 6 J obligations of the compact to the ] eign, than to the Supreme Court or tribunal, the first being indeed I last only the creative of a crearere, 1