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FROM THE CHRISTIAN WATCHMAN.
“Mr. Editor, —l have long been an attentive
reader of your valuable paper; and have noticed
v.-ith much pleasure, at different times, some val
uable remarks on the best mode of preaching.
This is an important topick ; for if our teachers
do not instruct the people in a proper manner,
their auditories will receive but little benefit.
But it has occurred to me with some considerable
force, that there are probably ill almost all our
publick assemblies, certain individuals who hear
with a very unsuitable temper of mind, and who,
instead of attending divine instruction with a do
cile spirit, appear with the devout worshippers,
end externally sit as they sit, and hear as they
hear, merely to gratify an idle curiosity, or for the
Aiuworihy purpose of finding fault. I have re
cently met with some judicious remarks on such
persons, in a late periodical publication, and
which you will oblige'me by inserting ; for how
ever judiciously our teachers may instruct, if
there be not also a candid temper in the hearers,
tip good will he effected. Yours, A. B.
ON HEARERS OF SERMONS.
“There is a class of hearers, whom I
shall denominate captious hearers, who
*erm to g>> to church expressly for the
purpose’ of finding- fault. They remind
one of the heathen fable in which Mounts
(die god of railing) found fault with Venus
(the goddess of beauty) because her slip
pers were too noisy. Something or other
islands* in every preacher and in every
s--r<nen. —The speaker is boisterous or he
is dull; his voice is too loud or too low;
his articulation.w 100 rapid or too slow;
his action is theatrical or he stands like a
statue; his coat i like a dandy’s, hi* era
vats are too numerous, or his watchchain
is too costly—And then as to the sermon—
very commonly it is too long, and it is too
declamatory, without any reasoning or ex
planation in it; or it is too dry and doctrin
al ; er it i '•..legal, ami tells us too much
f,bont works ; or it is Jltinomian , and abuses
the doctrines of grace.—Or it may be the
preacher i censured because he vt* person
el, or severe or whining. In a word the
enpf,ions hearer never listens to a discourse,
which lie does not find some fault on
Which he “fixes his attemion ; and all the
important truth delivered by the preacher
goes for nothing.
Nearly allied to this class is another,
which I shall denominate by the phrase
Vridcdl hearers. They are more gentle
manly in their style of remarking on
preachers and their performances than the
firmer; but perhaps as far from the spirit
becoming a miserable sinner when listening
to the messages of heavenly mercy, as
even the most captious.— When I speak of
Chticul hearers , however, Ido not include
}he hoarding school misses, Ihe raw Colie
giacs, and others of that intellectual char
acter, vv\io put in their pretensions t 6 cciti
tyal skill,'and.decide on the merits of a ser
mon and the standing of a preacher hy
Walker’s rules for accent and emphasis.
True ; agreat deal that is cal,led criticising,
ijria severe criticising of sermons too,
umonnis to no u.Kire than this: and it would
not he worthy of this passing notice, were
THE MISSIONARY.
it not for the mournful fact, that this sort
of childish vanity very often shuts up the
heart against religious truth. I have in
my view, however, at this time, men of
some maturity of intellect, of some habits
of reflection, who are too much given to
exercise their critical talents while hearing
discourses from the pulpit. And here lam
not so unreasonable as to require men to
suppress the feelings of nature, and eradi
cate their principles of taste. There is
certainly a vpry great difference between
both the matter and the manner of different
preachers. But while lam perfectly ready
to admit this, I think it entirely reasonable
to expect of these critical gaptlemen , a
greater attention to the all important sub
jects of the gospel, than to the comparative
ly insignificant matters oa which they are
accustomed to animadvert. They are too
apt to go to church, to be entertained by
the ingenious reasoning and touching elo
quence of the preacher. They indeed ex
pect that it shall be reasoning employed on
religion, and eloquence awakened by a
Saviour’s love—and this expectation per
haps ministers to their delusion. They
suppose that, therefore, they are actuated
by right piotives. Closer se'lf-iuspection
might convince them,that it is the ingenuity,
the eloquence which they require, and not
the religious truth developed and enforced
for the sake of making them wise unto sal
vation. There is too an unreasonable de
mand for novelty.—Since the canon of
scripture was closed, there have been no
new discoveries in religion. In fact, a
new discovery would be, as far as it should
go, anew revelation. AH that can reason
bly be expected then, are new illustrations
of old truths, and a more perfect applica
tion of them to the business and bosoms of
men. And here 1 will venture the asser
tion that the man does not live who has ful
ly npplied to his own conscience, and tho
roughly appreciated the most familiar doc
trine learned from the Bible. The mo*t
humble penitent in the world, for instance,
has not, as entirely as is desirable, entered
into the simple confession, I am a sinner.
The full power of Christian faith or Chris
tian hope is not known by the most advanc
ed scholar in the school of Christ. It is by
frequent application of known truths of this
character to the heart end conscience, that
progress is made in the Christian life. The
plain simple doctrines of the gospel are
the bread and meat (the standing dish so to
speak) ot tbe Christian, by which he is
nourished up unto life everlasting. The
hearer with ‘ itching ears who continually
demands novelties, is like (he man whose
stomach is out of order, and who is sending
every where for mode dishes and foreign
nicknacks. These thing* may stimulate the
jaded palate, and afford pleasure to the
valetudinarian; but they do not prepare
him for the laborious exertions of an active
life. So generally, in regard to religious
novelties, they do not promote the health
and vigour of’ the soul.—Let experience
decide this question.—What is it that really
promotes the spiritual advantage of any
one who is brought to‘true repentance and
saving faith?’ Ido venture to'affinn uni
versally that it is not new speculations,
dressed up according to th< niceties of a
critical taste, but the old, and well known
truths of the gospel, accompanied by the
influences of the Holy Spirit.
Far be it from me, by these remarks to
encourage any preached, in entering Ihe
pulpit to repeat without preparation his old
hackneyed storv.—No: (he teacher of
religion ought to he a man of diligent study
and deep research. But let him not think
of making new discoveries. His principal
business is so to apply to his own heart and
conscience, the old and well known truths
of the gospel, that they shall more him as
with the power of anew impression, and
prompt him to speak as with the freshness
of newly awakened feelings. Every new
application of this sort will bring the rule
of faith and duty into contact with the con
science in some new place, and will give a
quickening to the preacher’s feeling which
probably will be communicated to some at
least who sit under his ministry.
Injlhe mean time, let the critical hearer
beware of indulging his passion for novelty,
or urging his demand for entertainment.
He*may-rely on it, that should he ever be
made partaker of the great salvation , it will
be by complying with the old demand of
* repentance towards God and faith in our
Lord Jesus Christ.’ The hearer, who is
more moved by, the cadence of a sentence,
than by the awful denunciations of eternal
justice ; or hy some ingenious speculation
on the probability that Christianity, in the
boundless range of its influences affects the
interests of superhuman orders of being,
than by the truth that * God so loved this
world as to gitfe his only begotten Son,’ is
iu a fearful condition indeed. In every
evangelical Sermon, however much the
preacher may offend good taste, and violate
critical proprieties, there is propounded
enough fully to occupy the profound
est understanding. Aud I remember to
.have read somewhere of a great man, I
think Chief Jhstire Ellsworth, who was ac
customed t* say that he never heard a
preacher, however illiterate, from whom
he did not learn something useful in a life of
religion.
GO YE IXTO JILL THE WORLD AMD PREACH THE GOSPEL TO EVERY Christ.
MOUNT ZION, (HANCOCK CO. GA.) MONDAY, JANUARY 28, 1822.
MRS. FRY— The “ Female Howard.”
The following interesting sketch of a oiorning
visit to the Newgate prison in England, in July
la6t, is extracted from tl.e London New Monthly
Magazine. It intrbduces to notice a benevolent
female Philanthropist, who is successfully exert
ing in that prison, her uncommon talents of doing
good, by means the most gentle and kind. We
hope her happy temper and most amiable exam
ple may be carefully imitated in our own country,
anfl that the superionr question with all who have
the direction and guidance of others will be,
“ How may we prevent crime ?” ra*ther than
“ How shall it be most severely punished ?”
July 27.—A morning in Newgate. I had
long been anxious to see with my own eyes
the effect of Mrs. exer
tions,and having obtained from her an order
of admittance, I repaired at ten o’clock to
the door of the keeper’s house, where, up
on the production of my ticket, I was in
stantly conducted to a small room in which
some other visiters were already assem
bled ; and in a short time, Mrs. Fry enter
ed, attended by two of her Quaker sister
hood. Soon afterwards a hell was rung to
give notice to the female prisoners to pre
pare themselves; and upon the second ring
ing they came in, to the number of 40 or
50, and ranged themselves upon benches
raised one above the other for their recep
tion. Their appearance was much better
than I could have expected. All were
cleanly and decently dressed, and there
was in some a neatness of person that be
spoke a familiarity .with belter company
and better days. After a considerable pause,
Mrs. Fry began to rt ad from the Bible the
story of Mary Magdalen, accompanying the
text, with occasional explanation# and re
marks, and concluding the whole with a
very affecting address, in which she point
ed out the obvious application of the story,
and the consolation to be extracted from it.
All Ibis was done too in so gentle and en
couraging a tone, and with so much tem
per and discretion, that it was impossible
not to be moved by the quiet pathos of her
discourse. I was never before so much im
pressed with the importance of manner ;
for it was certainly much less what she
said, than her mode of saying it, that pro
duced so great an effect ; it was a beautiful
personification of the text in scripture—
“ the wisdom that cometh from above is
gent/e.” Her auditors listened to her with
a’! the signs of the most serious, earnest at
tention, and many were melted into tears
by the touching tenderness of her appeal,
in pointing out the penitence and contrition
of the Magdalen as the true object of imita
tion.
At the close of the lecture, various arti
cles of needle work, the productions of the
prisoners’ industry, caps, dressing-gowns,
baby lioen, rugs, counterpanes, bell-ropes,
&c. were brought out, which found ready
purchasers among the visiters. For myself,
i shall wear my patch-gown as long as the
shreds will hang together, in remembrance
of my morning in Newgate. Mrs. Fry now
conducted us round the female side of the
prison, explaining the nature of her regu
lations, and recounting the obstacles against
which, in the first commencement of her
labours, she had to contend, in all the differ
ent shapes and modifications th’at idleness,
riot, vice and wretchedness, can assume.—
It seems, however, that there is scarcely
aDy disposition so depraved, that may not
he touched hy kindness. The patient and
persevering efforts of Mrs Fry have suc
ceeded in softening and reclaiming the most
hardened, whom severity would prob
ably have rendered only more callous and
desperate. There is a shame of appearing
ungrateful, which operates strongly even
in the most vicious breast. Mrs. Fry told
us, that when, as it sometimes will happen,
a prisoner after discharge, finds her way
hack into gaol for some “Fresh offence, the
delinquent is more afraid of meeting her
kindness, than of facing the reproof of the
Bench.—
“ There is more peril, Lady, in thy eye,
Than twenty of their swords.”
The heart, even of the guilty rises up to
resist and defy reproach, but sinks with all
the humiliation of self condemnation at the
accents of kindness which it feels that it
does not deserve.
In the course of our round we came to
the school, where there was a little circle
of gaol-delivered children learning to read.
I was pleased at the alacrity of attention,
which in the midst of her own occupation
Mrs. Fry bestowed upon the least of those
around her. Avery little boy wag em
ployed in reading his Testament, at which
she appeared surprised ; but fiuding that
he had really made this progress, she cal
led him out in the most encouraging man
ner, and begged us all to stop and hear him
read a verse aloud as a rewerd of his in
dustry. It is not every woman who would
be content to yield, even for a moment,the
first place in the attention of her company.
Lastly, we came to a ward wlj.re there
were a few ragged, wretched creatures,
who were just admitted into the gaol; and
we wepe forcibly struck, not only with the
difference of dress, but with the marked
contrast between the wild, savage, and rep
robate cast of features of these, when com
pared with the quiet, orderly, Resigned
demeanour of Mrs. Fry’s flock, jAnd yet I
hear that this amiable womanls ! iboups are
decried and ridiculed, as the vn p and vis
iooary offspring of a perverted philanthro
py. if there he such persons in the world,
let them devote a morning to Newgate ;
and if those who came to scoff do not re
main to approve—Charity must have lost
all her powers of attraction.
INQUISITION AT LISBON.
• EXTRACT OF A LETTER.
Lisbon, Oct. 20,1821.
I send you a description of the Inquisition
at this place, which 1 have been to visit.
At the sittingsof the Cortes on the 10th inst.
Senhor Figueras presented a letter from
the Keeper of the Inquisition, stating, that
on the building being opened for publick
inspection, the people had behaved in a
vgry disorderly manner, breaking open
doors and carrying away papers, &c ; and
that several persons had actually cried out
that the building should be burned, whilst
they held lighted candles iu their hands, as
if about to put their threats iu execution ;
which he slated they would have done but
for the interposition of the guards. The
Keeper therefore prayed that measures
should bte taken to prevent the recurrence
of such scenes. Senhor Bastas said, that if
any sucK disorders as had beeu described
had occurred, it was owing to the refusal
of the Keepers to show the instruments of
torture and the lower cells of the prison to
the visitants. In his opinion these Gentle
men, the keepers, cherished a religious res
pect for the tribunal, of which they spoke
with apparent veneration. As it was ap
prehended tbe people would set fire to the
place, it would be better to suspend lamps
to the various parts, and not allow the vis-”
itants to carry lights. Senhor Fernando
Thomas proposed that an inscription, o!
which the following is a translation, should
be fixed on every place occupied by the
Inquisition in Portugal :
“ May eternal malediction follow every
Portuguese who does not hold forever in ab
horrence an invention so infernal ” •
On the Blh of October, the inquisition at
Lisbon was thrown open for publick inspec
tion, and for the first four days the con
course of people of all descriptions that
crowded to view it was so great, that the
pressure ;vt the entrance rendered it an en
terprise of some risk. The building is a
large oblong, with a garden in the centre ;
there are three floors, with vaulted passa
ges, along the sides of which are .cells of
different sizes, from six hy seven feet, to
eight by nine feet. Each cell has two doors,
the inner one of iron, the outer of oak,very
strong. A* there are no windows iri the
cells on the ground and middle floors, no
light i9 admitted when the doors are shut.
The cellson the upper floor are larger than
the others, and each has an aperture like
a chimney through which the sky is visi
ble. These were appropriated to the use
of those who, it was supposed, might be
liber-ited In the roof of each cell (for
they are all vaulted) is a small aperture of
about an inch in diameter, and a private
passage runs over each range, so that the
persons employed by the Holy Office pould
at any time observe the conduct of the
prisoners unse'en, and if two persons were
confined in one cell, hear their conversa
tion. There are seats in these private pas
sages so contrived, that a person sitting
might in-pect two of the cells at the same
time, ashy a turn of the head he could fix
bis eye upon a hole over either cell nt
pleasure.—or he could hear what was said
in either. The persons appointed to listen
to Ihe discourse of the prisoners wore cloth
shoes; so that their footsteps could not be
heard. Frequently a familiar of the Holy
Office was put into the cell of the prisoner,
as a person arrested, in order to entrap the
unfortunate inmate of this place into admis
sions that might afterward* be used against
him. I saw in several of the cell* human
bones—most of them appeared to have Inin
(here many years, as I broke some of them
easily with my fingers—others were hard
and fresh. In a noml.er of the cells the
names of the unhappy inmates were written
bn the walls—some had strokes, apparently
marking the number of days or weeks the
victims of this horrid tyranny had been con
fined. On the wall of one cell I counted
upwards of 500 of these marks. On the
wall of another of the cells was written—
“ Francisco Jose Carvallio entered here the
last day of March, 1809, and remained as
,many days as there are strokes in the wall.”
On the wall of another cell was written
“ John Laycock”—the name had been cov
ered with white-wash, which had scaled off.
There were u number of strokes under the
name, and the figures 18 were easily made
out, and the others were obliterated. Some
of the cells, which had not been used for
several years were locked up, but the Vis
itants soon broke them open. Human bod
ies Were found in many of these- In one
was found part of a friar’s habit, with a
waist girdle of rope*, and some bones. The
apertures, like cbimnics, in some of the
cells, were closed—and I have been in
formed, that it was Htumoion mode of put
ting prisoners to death to place them m>
these apertures, which were then walled
up, and quick lime being poured in from
the top, a speedy end was put to their suf
ferings. The furniture is very old—the
chairs in the hall are coy.ered with ieaUiep,
Price, $ 50 P r - ttnn - or > t
*’ t $3,00 m advance. >
studded all round tyith very large nails. I
send you a piece of leather with oue of
these nails, taken from one of the best
chairs. The large tables in the halls had
drawers for papers—these the visitant#
broke open, every one being desirous of
obtaining some re|ick of the once terrible
Inquisition. In several of tbe cells there
were matrasses, some of them old, others
nearly new; which proves that the Inqui
sition was no bugbear up to a very recent
date. Besides the three floors which I have
described, there are a number of cells un
derground which have not yet been open
ed. These, it is supposed, contain the ap
paratus for inflicting the torture, &c. Ris
understood that these will be shortly thrown
open to the publick ; when I shall not fail
to visit them, and shall send you a descrip
tion. The spot on which the Inquisition
stands was covered with bouses in 1755,
when the great earthquake happened, by
which they were laid in ruibs ; so that the
present building has not beeD erected more
than 60 years ; and alt the victims that
were immolated in it must have been sac
rificed within that period.
—-w020.--x-:oro-
LETTER FROM A CHEROKEE INDIAN.
The following letter is from David Brown, a Cher
okee Indian, and a Member of the Foreign Mis
sion School in Cornwall, Con. to one of the
Theological Students at Princeton, written du
ring the last year.
Dear Brother The good letter which
you wrote me, of the 2d inst. I received
-.vith much satisfaction ; but am sorry that
it did not animate this insensible heart of
mine more; for the contents thereof I think
are worthy of love, and I now desjre to
give you thanks for the regard which yon
have manifested to me. And what shall 1
say to you, dear brother, in the presence
of the Lord Jesu* Christ, who keep* n>.
cord, in the book of remembrance, of all the
works of the children of men? God forbid
that I should relate to you things that a e
unknown to me. We never saw en. h
other to speak of Jesus Christ; yet we pr: y
to him, and we are united, I hope, in (ns
divine presence, and rejoice in him with joy
unspeakable and full of glory.—Wc are
■hen not stranger* to one another if we
have truly beGotne the chilJren of the liv
ing God, wasted in the most precious blood
of Jesus Christ. No ! dearbrother, for we
are io Christ Jesus, and daily meet at the
throne nf sovereign Grace, lo adore the A'v
mighty for all his loving kindness towards
us, and plead for others of the race of sin
ful Adam, who are exposed every moment
lo sink into tbe deepest hell, and many we
have reason to believe are now wailing in
torment who are as good as other* by na
ture ; those especially who knew their mas
ter’s will, hut obeyed not. Gfleat light was
perceived in their land,-but still re
belled against it. Imean’Uiose souls who
are in this gospel land, and standing, as it
were, at the gates of heaven, -in point of
privilege ami knowledge ; yet they refuse
the invitation given them by the ambassa
dors of Christ.
Oh! I weep to think of the rioor heath
en, who have not heard of the joyful
sound of the Gospel, and have never felt
the love of God in their hearts, neither
have they heard of the dreadful and awful
consequences which shall meet the unre
newed sinners. lam ready sometimes to
cry out, “ Oh ! that my head we re, waters
arid mine eyes were fountains of tear-, that
I might w?ep day and night for the slain of
the daughter of my people.” Ob ! deaf
brother, pray for them, which no doubt
do every day,and I entreat you to salute the
hand of brothers who are
preach the unsearchable riches of Christ
to a perishing world, and are going to fight
as soldiers for their king. It fills me with
delight, dear brother, that you think of go.
ing to the Cherr kees, ami may the love of
precious souls hasten your strp to that
dark region of our land. Oh I how many
souls are perishing for the want ot preach
ers. Gladly would I preach with a thou
sand tongues, all my days, did I possess
them, and was capable enough.—However,
I have but one, with that alone, may God
go with mo nndpubli“h and diffuse the" news
of salvation to the Cherokee and Osage
nations, and others.
But I have known by experience that
Satan is also a preacher, and 1 believe pre
vails on many not truly devoted to God.
The more I grow in divine things, the more
Satan tempts me, and often 1 have thought
that if 1 had nothing to do for my Saviour
I would rather he delivered from this body
of sin and death, and be at rest with him.
I have received letters froiq the Chero
kee natiou recently, which state, that my'i
parents, two sisters, beside ’ Catharine)
Brown, my brother Joho and wife, have
become the subjects of divine grace, and
others of my countrymen. But 1 hope this
is only a small beginning before a great
harvest. 1 anticipate the day when mis
sionaries shall be sent from the Cherokee*
to their brethren in the west.
Now, dea? brother, what shall I tell you
to encourage you to preach to the heathen.
I have no words perhaps that would be
suitable, tboyefore I commend you to God,
and to .be wojfd of his grace, that he would
breathe upao bis dims .“pirit,and amko