Newspaper Page Text
Computation of the bun’» Heat.
The Postal Card.
One of the nrioet interesting compu
tations which have t ngagt-d the atten-.
tion of scientists is that relating to the
amount of force imparted to the earth
by the sun's heat. According to ome
of the French investigations there is
received in one minute enough heat to
raise the temperature of fiv.t and a
half cubio miles of wa er ms degree
centi grade. Compering this with the
amount of work done by a given
amount of heat as utilized in a steam
engine, it would appear that the heat
sent to the earth in the sun’s rays dur
ing the space of one minute is equa' to
the accomplishment «f as much w^rk
as could be done by 2000steam engines
of 100-horse pow* r each, working con
tinuously for the space of 4000 ye; r
By far Ihe larger part of this beat
oree, of course, expends itself upon
the earth in a< taal w< rk, only a small
portion of it being radiated into space.
Necessarily the result thuH accomplish
ed—suck as the maintenance of the
temperature of the e»rth, ocean and
atmosphere, the stimulating of animal
and vegetable life, etc.—must be the
'qnivalent of the power retained by
*ur globe, but a vast amount remains
onacoounted for.
The yy rQcr i can Press.
Although newspapers are so numer
ous and many of them so able, there
is probably no country with Western
institutions where newspapers are so
little influential. O le m ght travel
all over the Eastern Btates without
finding a single individual who re
gards a statement in type with that
stupid simplicity so common in this
country. Belief in the veracity of the
newspaper is as. little known as re
spect for the patriotism and wisdom o
the public man. The American is
much less of a reader of books than is
generally supposed. Hs wants his
newspaper to bring him the intelli
gence of the day, the stats of the mar
kets, and so forth. The political arti
cle helps him to judge how certain
political combinations are working.
If the paper adds a social essay or a
scandalous family history, or a ool-
umn of verse, these contributions sup
ply him some mental entertainment.
He may note the scandal, but he
fnever thinks of believing it becauso
he has seen it in print.—English
Paper.
Artificial Teeth.
There are now twelve manufactories
artificial teeth that produce every
ir 10,000,000 teeth, or one to every
|e persons in the United States. Half
[is number are made by one firm,
le materials used are feldspar, kaolin
ind rock crystal. The coloring is
'platinum, titantium and geld. Toe
process of manufacture is delicate, and
has many interesting details. In the
earlier history of the art dentists carv
ed the teelh which their customers
demanded, and apprentices were
often made useful in that way. The
amount of gold used annually in fil
ing teeth is $500,000, Load was used
from 1778 to 1838 There are dentists
in New York who give, or say they
give, diamond fillings, and in Paris
they advertise to use diamond pivots
and emerald plugs. This country
makes dental instruments for the
world where dentistry is known. An
ordinary oulfiit of instruments costs
$600.
Roasted in a Furnace.
N t one denies that ( he postal card is
a great thing, and yet it makes most
people mad to get one. This is be
cause we naturally feel sensitive about
having our correspondence open to
the eye of the postmaster and postal
clerk. Yet they do not real them.
Postal employees hate a postal card as
ocrdlally as any one else. If they
were banished, and had nothing to
read hut a package of poslal cards or
or a foreign book of statistics, they
would read the statistics. This wild
hunger for postal cards on the part of
postmasters is all a myth. When the
writ u* doesn’t care who sees his mes
sage that kuooks the curiosity out of
those who handle those messages. A
man who would reatl a postal card
without being compelled to by some
stringent statute must be a little de
ranged. When you receive one you
say: “Here is a message of so little
importance that the writer didn't care
who saw it. I don’t care much for it
myself.”
Then you look it over and lay it
away and forget it.
Do you think that the postmaster is
going to wear out his young life in de
vouring literature that the sendee
doesn’t feel proud of when he re
ceives it? Nay, nay.
During our official experience we
have been placed where we could have
read postal cards ti ne aDd again, and
and no one but the All-Seeing Eye
w r uld have detected, but we have con
trolled ourself and closed our eyes to
the written message, refusing to take
advantage of the confidence reposed
in us by our Government and those
who thus trusted us with their secrets.
All over our great land every moment
of the day or night these little cards
are being silent'y scattered, breathing
loving words inscribed with a hard
lead pencil, and shedding Informa
tion upon sundered hearts, and they
are as safe as though they had never
been breathed.
They are safer in most intt mces be
cause they cannot be read by anybody
in the whole world.
That is why it irritates us to have
some one open up & conversation by
saying: “Yon remember what that
fellow wrote me from Cheyenne on
that postal card of the 24th, and how
he rounded me up ft r not sending him
those goods?’’ Now, we can’t keep
all those things in our head. It re
quires too much of a strain to do it on
the salary we receive. A man with a
very large salary and a tenacious
memory might keep run of the postal
correspondence in a small office, but
we oemnot do it. We are not accus
tomed to it, and it rattles and excites
us.
Progressive Farmers,
A horrible accident occurred at 8loss
furnace, in Birmingham, Ala. What
is known as “soaffold” had f irmed in
tho stalk of the furnace, and the fire
In the stack having apparently died
out, two oolored men—Robert May-
field and Alexander King—were low
ered by ropes from the fop for the pur
pose of removing the obstaole. It Is
supposed they were overoome by gas
from below, as both fell to the bottom,
fblch was a fltry mass of ore aud
hi. Their bodies were reoovored in
hour, oilsr red to the bones.
^William H Canningham, another
rkman at the Bame mills, leaving
work walked over to the Alioe
furnace, ascended to the mouth
[e -tack and awaited the moment
liarging. When the bell was
\he threw off his hat and leaped
•most into the furnalb The
was forty years old and leaves
dldren. He was
be keeps his manure. The manure is
lie wealth—the bauk on whioh the
oheok is drawn—and it Is imprudent
to neglect it. Drenching rains and
pcorchlng suns carry upward and
downward the soluble and volatile
constituents of the unprotected heap,
and often great ditches are dug to al
low the black liquid riches to pass off
and away forever. But the good
farmer works differently. He makes
his manure fine, attends personally to
the process of decomposition, proteots
it from the weather and endeavors to
make it a ready food for the crops
when hauled to the fields. Fanning
pays well—to good farmers.
1 he Value of Sods.
The Days Of the Week.
The names which were a great many
yes n ago given to the days of the
week were taken from the names of
gods or idols whioh were worshiped
then. In those long ago days people
prayed to tie sun, moon and stars as
well as to the spirits of good persons
who had died and who it was thought
oould intercede for them. The differ
ent nations as the Saxons, ancient
Germans and Scandinavians, as well
as the Greeks and Romans, had simi
lar ideaa of worship,and of their gods,
under different names. They wor
shiped the sun as the giver of light
and heat, and the first day of the
week is named Sunday, or Srn’eday.
The Latin word for sun was sol and
from that comes our word solar.
Monday is named from the moon.
Tuesday is from Tuescoor Tuisco, the
messenger of the gods who in Germany
like Mercury among the Romans, was
believed to have the care of commerce
and travel.
Woden or Wodln is said to have
been a brave S axon prince, whose im
age was worshiped after his death ss
the god of war. Like Mars was pray
ed to for victory, and Wodin’s day or
Wednesday became the name of one
of the days of the week. Thursday or
Thorsday is from Thor the thunderer,
who like Jupiter was the supreme
power and is pictured as holding a
scepter in his hand, tne sign of power.
Friga also written Frigga and Frel,
the Venus of the north, give* us
Frei’sday or Friday.
For Saturday we have two names
given. It is thought by some to be
named from Skater, and by others
from Saturn the father of the gods.
Oa each of the seven days one of these
gods or idols was worshiped by those
who knew not of the one true Gcd. So
you see that we use every day some of
the word * derived from the names of
the pagan or heathen nations.
Society Note.
The true farmer does not stop to
count the ooet of improvement, for
his reason pr>mpte him to believe
that he caunot go wrong by endeavor
ing to improve. Every acre of his
farm is cultivated to its highest capac
ity, and his soil never deteriorates in
quality. He rotates bis crops with a
Yiew t© increased fertility, and he
estimates his profits by the amount of
expanse entailed in securing that
profit. The failure to realize immedi
ate resalts does not discourage him,
for he knows that, through hisjudi-
pious system of cultivation, the reali
zation is but deferred for a little while
longer. He farms frr i r< fit and he
spends for profit. He knows nothing
of stinted economy, whioh saves t>
day and robs to-morr >w. The farm is
his bank, his workshop and his occu
pation, no stone being left unturned,
and no per.Ion slighted at the oost of
another part.
A good farm means good stoi^t. The
squealing hog has no place on It, but
must be superseded by the quiet thor
oughbreds. The tangle-fieeoed, small
carcassed sheep oanuot be allowed
where ouly the merino, the Cotswold
and the Oxford Down are adapted.
The scraggy bovinea of the past are
seen no more, for the deep-milking
Holstein, the oreain-givlng Jersey and
the beef-produolug Hereford have
oooupled their places. The thorough
bred and the Clydesdale plow the
fields that formerly yielded to the
wind-broken plugs, and thp wagons
and implements are of'the thost ap
proved labor saving pal (. e , ngl All thlB
means capital and is e^^vsive; but
when we oon&ider the faj^ihat it costs
no more to keep the best than the bad,
and that expense means profit in the
fnd, the oost Is not so formidable as It
Beats.
A coolness has arisen between Kos
ciusko Murphy and Mrs. Hufnagel,
one of the most fashionable ladies of
Austin. There was a lawn party at
the Hufnagel mansion. Mr*. Hufna
gel showed Mr, Murphy over the
grounds, and asked him what he
thought of their arrangement. “I am
delighted, m&daru,” was tne reply.
“Wherever I look I see the footprints
of your genius.” As Mrs. Hufnagel
has a foot almost as big as a wheels
barrow, she supposed there was
something per-onal m the remark.
She did not hint ex ictly that she was
not glad to have bun stay for supper,
but she opened the gate and pointed
into the street, and Murphy, who is
very sensitive, strolled away.
Steam Pressure.
Sods are the cream of the soil, con
taining the very elements of plant
food that make soil so productive.
When picqerly rottid this material
makes one of the best invigor.itors to
be found for tree*, vines, vegetables
and cereals, and Is one of the most
readily and obeaply obtained fertili
zers in use. Sods may tie gathered
from the fence corners of tilled fields,
gathered from ire surface after plow
ing and harrowing sward land, and
in many places from tho roadside
when the highway is undergoing re
pair*. To utilize sods and secure from
them their best fertilizing effects, they
should be gathered and piled up in
some out*of-the way place, downward,
and the whole oovered with ashes or
chip dust, or both, to keep the grass
from growing. A year or two will be
quired far them to thoroughly decay,
unless cut down and Bhoveled over
after laying long enough for the grass
to be entirely killed out. Water should
be applied at intervals sufficient to
keen the pile moist and prevent a dry,
mouldy rot. The bed way to provide
for the wetting' down is to leave the
top cupping and apply the water
abundantly there in a dry time. To
get such a lot of good material in the
best shape for applying to crops, we
would advise mixing it with good,
well rotted barnyard manure. Say
about two loads of it to one of the ma
nure, then spread it broadcast on grass
and crops of small grain. For corn or
vegetables apply it in the hills or
drills.
Old Ironsides.
The fiftieth anniversary of the
f<>undlrg of the Baldwin Looomotlve
Wirks Phila, Pa, wae celebrated hgr
the two thousand eight hundred men
employed in the establishment. Since
its berth the firm has built six thou
sand four hundred aud seventy-ssvex
locomotives, and the present capac
ity of the works is ten per week,
Matthias W. Baldwin, who staited
the enterprise, was a small man-
' ufactnrer of bookbinders’ tools and
cylinders for calico printing. About
the year 1830 he devised an up
right engine of such an ingenious form
that he received orders for many
■‘oth< rs. In the spring of the next year
he built a miniature locomotive for the
proprietor of the Philadelphia Mus
eum, whioh was put in motion on
circular traok in the rooms of tl
institution. A little later he received
an order from the Philadelphia,
Germantown and Norristown Rail
road Company to cons!ract an engine,
which was christened “Old Ironsides.”
From this time the Baldwin business
rapidly Increased, till it is to-day the
largest of Its kind in the oountry, *
Working Dogs.
I once heard a gentleman say, that
daring a stay in Holland he uever
saw a single dog idle that was old
enough and big enough to do any
work
All sorts of barrows and carts are
built on purpose for them, and they
gallop along at a great pace.
They are used to carry the fish,
wood, vegetables, and when it is all
sold, and you think the poor dogs
might reasonably expect to go home
with an empty cari; behind them, the
master jumps in, and rides back in
state.
But this is not tie worst part of
the story, for a certain amount of work
never hurts any animal, any urrs
than it does boys and girls; but it
makes us sad to know that, as a rule,
the poor dogs are miserably fed, and
are often driven till they drop from
exhaustion. Still they are wonderfully
patient and persevering, and will lick
their master’s hands gratefully if he
frdata them kindly.
In ,< Kamtsahatka the dog* are the
onl*/ animals that can be used to draw
sledges. They are strong and active,
and ran over the snow at a wonderful
paoe. A oourier onoe dr >ve two hun
dred and seventy miles in less than
four days in a sledge drawn by dogs.
There are generally five to each sledge,
and they are harnessed four abreast
with one for a leader. But, in spite of
all the work they do, th y are badly
treated and ill-fed; they hate the work
they have to do. and give a melan
choly howl when they are first har
nessed. In Newfoundland the dogs
are used to all sorts of har 1 wir.e,
but they are treated very kindly, and
are so gentle and good that they will
actually draw a load of wood from the
forest to the seaside, wait for the cart
to bo unloaded, and then go back to
get it filled entirelv alone.
Soda tor Burns.
The limit of bt*am pressure has not
yet been reached. In the time of
Waft the ordinary limit was seven
pounds. Ten times this pressure is
usual now, while ninety pounds is not
unoommoD. The rise within the past
ten years haB been twenty-five pounds,
and with the constant study of boiler
structure and boiler oapaclty for work
and strain, we may expeot to see at
least an equal rise during the ooming
ten years. Pressures af one hundred
pounds and over are occasional now,
but are yet far from being the rale.
The increasing use of steel in boiler
construction must lead to develop
ments that will help solving the
problem.
Nutriment in the Oyster.
According to the Medical Timet and
Gazette, the oyster contains fourteen
percent, cfflesh forming material, this
being almost precisely the amdpnt ob
tained from the egg. Lean bl
tains hut five per oeut. mor4
than the oyster. Among tiu
thousand species of shell fish thj
only two or three known to be
ous, yet i>u* few kinds, such as
ptriwiuk^^ *mi mussels,
An Irish Romance.
Poet’a Corner.
At Farting.
Is one In thinking of toe dead
ttcoUls the lac?, bat not the name,
A* knowing when the Boat has fled
A title goeth as It came—
Be ml ae the fa<yj that yon recall
And mine the name that yon forget^
The sweetest story ot them all
Is thought but ue yer ottered yet.
At Meeting,
ribe kissed me my beautliul darling,
1 dm the de ight ol her lips:
Tne universe meoed together,
Mortality stood 1 n tne eclipse.
A Spirit of LI ;ht stood bofore me,
1 be ;rd a tar rustle of wings;
Fhe kings of the emu were as beggars,
vnd the beggars of earth werA' kings.
Scottish Heather.
It seems a long, long time ago
That we two played at love together ;
indeed, I’ve half forgotten whether
We meant It quite for play, you know.
1 wonder why last winter’s snow
Should cool that warmth of sun
weatnert
It seems a long, long time ago
That we two played at love together.
Aud yet—my heart begins to glow
(It then was light as any feather)
Whene’er Lsee this Boottlsh heather,
Cut a piece of lint or 9ld soft rag, or
even thlok blotting paper, of a size
sufficient to cover the buTaed Or scald
ed peris and keep it constantly well
wetted with the sodalo lotion so as to
prevent its drying. By this means It
usually happens that all pain ceases
in from a quarter to half an h >ur, or
even In much less time. When the
main part of a limb, suoh as the hand
and forearm or the foot and leg has
been burned, it is best, when practica
ble, to plunge the part Into a jug or
pall, or other convenient vessel filled
with the soda lotion, and keep it there
until the pain subsides ; or the limb
may be swathed or eniiroled with a
surgeon’s ootton bandage previously
soaked in the saturated solution, and
kept constantly wetted with It, the
relief being usually immediate, pro
vided the solution be saturated and
cold.
And thluk or yoa who loved U so :
it seem* a long, loug time ago.
At Xvestid*.
OfllmeiS when all the storm-ve£id day
The sallon oloaJs have ceaseless passed.
And winds have walled as If to pray
For peace at last;
Lot as it rolled by hand ot might,
Aside the gloom of olond is pressed.
And the soil eye Is full of light
And quiet rest.
Thus, too, beyond onr doabt and strife.,
Wh o’j olondllke hide the heavenly light,
Shadowing the fair noon of life
With somere night,
Await* a o*lm and peaceful eve.
Then sorrow shall be overpast;
Then fear shad cease, and struggle* leave,
Q >d*B peace at last.
One Boors for the Besoh.
Sir Fletcher Norton, whose want of
courtesy was notorious, happened,
while pleading before Lord Mansfield
on some question of manorial right, to
say i “My lord, I oan Illustrate the
point in an Instant in my own person.
I myself have two little manors.”
all Jtnow It, Bir Fletcher,” the
Mr. Canning and the Bis]
Legge, Bishop of Oxford
vited a oouple of wife,
Frere, to hear the firs)
his appointment
Canning, “ ht;
“Why, I tU
“O, yes, Ij
I was afr
you satire
Two year* ago Miss ElJard, the
owner of a fine estate at Newfound
land, Col., was fired at, but both she
and her coachman fortunately escaped
ihe bullet of the assassin. Shortly
afterward police protection was afford*,
ed Miss Elleri, two sub-constat
being drawn from the New Be
station and appointed to that dul
Tne guards appear to have acqnitt^ 1
themselves to the entire satisfaction’
of the fair proprietress, and one
them, aub-oonstable Sheeny, a brave,!
Ashing young fellow, proved himself I
so highly agreeable that she resolvedj
to render his protection a permanei
duty. The young, wealthy and
coaiplished lady has, in other wor<|
given her hand and heart to sub-c
stable Sheeny, who is now the hi
band of a beautiful wife, and a land*
proprietor with a large income.
Copper |
pulveri