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tin True Citizen, If £v* Weekly Paper on Lire IsstH-H rahltebetl I Every Friday Morning, at " «J’- I uesboro, Ou., bv the LLIVAH BE0THE3S. fflE TRUE CITIZEN. -.•0:- RATSS OP SUBSCRIPTION, |One Cony One Year, “ Six inonthH, Three month!) $2.00 1.00 60 . er- All subscriptions must be accompanied I ll»r the CASH. * Yol. 1. Waynesboro, Ga., March 9, 1883. No. 44. hi« t? Aderlislng rates 1* Transient advertij vanee. All contract advertiser terly All communications for per be charged for as adrertbtemel Advertisement* to occupy sf be charged £6 per oent. above i Not toes in local and btlBine per line; in local 10 eta pee linJ For terms apply at this office.^ iOV. STEPHENS nrAnVaB then the arena of some of the intel-f pressment acts, and believed in waging ^^''^Mlectual giants of Georgia It was there?war in accordance with constitutional Jthat Nathan G. Sayre. Eli H. Baxter.|forms. In this way he became identified {MIDNIGHT, THE FOURTH INST., THE* } ’ , , ..... fatal MomenT— THE funeral roeand James Thomas, riding upon the fiillEwith the anti-Administration party m TAKE place AT ATLANTA. Itides of successful practice and splendidlthe South. In 1863 he was chosen a [reputations, ruled with sovereign willslcomrnissioner to arrange for an exchange [their judicial tridents. It was there of prisoners with the United States Special to Augusta Chronicle. Atlanta, Ga., March 4, 2:25.— a. iin. --About half past ten Mr. Stephens sank rapidly into a deep stupor. The ffannly, Col. John A. Stephens and : wifft, Col. Crier and wife, Mrs. Linton Stephens, and the State House officers, rapidly grouped around the bed of the id [that Garnet Andrews, Daniel ( handler,; [and Robert Toombs, younger in the [fray, but promising and vigorous, grap- [pled the gnarled and knotty limbs with [master hands. It was there that Daw- [son and Cone, e’oquent and logiea 1 , hu morous and succinct, were winniug ,’ing governor. Minutes passed pain-B , , ... , 1 1 Bgreener laurels with advancing years. — tty by, until at last he 8 a„k away in a| It ^ , here L ^ „,„ >se: iet gasp at 12 o'clock. His f U ueral| judgmen , s .„ , nd equitT | mve sinee : till take place in this city ou Thura-| fa „ en „ od near ^ eye „ lav at 3 o’clock, p. m. ces of descending snows whitening ev- Hon. J. 8. Bo. moo, President ot tho* rywhcr0 „ |Py fei , „ had oed , fnate, has been telegraphed for, and fill bo here by daylight to assume the iuties of governor. SKETCH OF HIS LIFE. Alexander Hamilton Stephens was lorn in Taliaferro county, Ga., Febru [ary 11, 1812. His first name was for his grand father, who fought ou the Ibolonial side in the Revolutionary ar lies, and his middle name, Hamilton, (vita by him subsequently adopted for lip great benefactor, Rev. Alexander Hamilton Webster, of Wilkes county, [one of the most noted preachers in (*eor- k t*iu, afterwards a preceptor ef Mr. Ste lens. [is father, Alexander B. Stephens when Mr. Stephens himself was fourteen years of age. His moth er, nee Margaret Green, he lost when he was quite an infant. Before his father's death he had been M- regular attendant of ihe village neighborhood * i-ehool. and now, ac • oepting an offer from his uncle, Aaron W. Grier he made his home with that geut'eman. and the interest of Ids little patrimony was used for his tu'tion and clothing. Ii was at this time that Mr Stephens attracted the attention of Mr Cbas. Mills, his Sunday school superin teudent, who assisted him to enter a classical school at Washington, Ga., where be was also received into mem hership of the Presbyterian church. At the death-of his preceptor, he was befriended by several gentlemen of Washington, and then prepared for Franklig College, where he entered the! Freshman class in 1828. It had been the wish and suggestion of bis friends that he prepare himself for the ministry fer which his striot morality and signal liety eminently fitted him ; but while tt college, grave doubts arose in the wuug man’s mind as to his fitness for [jfe sacred office. These doubts he com micated to his uncle, who readily jdered to his nephew, yet in his inorityT^Pia., stm^^mtrimony, which relieved him frou^ffl^flffbarrassed coa lition. Thus replenished,' he paid his way through oollege, and graduated in *1832 with the very highest honors. Mr. Stephens now obtained a posi ♦ ion as teacher at Madison, Ga., and afterwards in Liberty county. Being thus enabled to purchase a few law bonks, he commenced studying law in the sheriff's office at Crawfordvil'e, and wus in that place admitted to the Bur ou the 22d day of July, 1834, iu the 23 i year of his age. Although he had prosecuted his studies unaided, he was vhly complimented by Joseph Henry ffumpfciu before the last court but one which Hon. Willia m H. Crawford ever) held. Mr. Jeffries, of Columbus, now made the promising young attorney some very flattering offers to practice with him. but the latter preferred to remain at Crawfordville, and pursue his projects amid the scenes of his child- I flood, near the home of his venerated fathers. Here he assiduously labored day and night,. pouring over his legal volumes, and often trudging miles to court. His practice was confined en tirely to fho_Northeru^ILrcnit, which life of glorv as a young counsellor at law. It was in this field, then, that young Stephens, fragile, delicate and poor ebtered the portals of bis chosen profession. At this time, however, he was bless ed with extraordinarily good health, his practice accumulating, his reputation grew, and his admiring neighbors were not content to leave him alone in ihe practice of his profession. In 1836 he was elected a member of the Lower House in the Legislature of Georgia, was re-elec'ed for five siloes- sive terms, and exerted himself wit success to secure legislative «id for the system of internal improvements Tn 1839 he was a delegate to the com mercial convention at Charleston, S. C , land defended the measures proposed by the Georgia delegates against the as saultsof those from South Carolina: .and in 1842 was elected to the Sta e [Senate, where he actively sustained the! measures of the Whig party. In 1843; he was elected to Congress by over 3,- government but his mission was not at tended with success as the Federal gov ernment declined to leccive any propo sitions looking to an exchange. During the winter of the same yeai the famous Sresolu ions of his brother, Linton Ste phen*, were introduced iu the Georgia Legislature, with which it is believed he had much to do. In 1865 he was one of the three commissioners who confer red with President Lincoln at Fortress Monroe with a view to putting a stop to the war, but. whose negotiations were fruit ess. Shortly after the surrender he was arrested and imprisoned at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor. After a short confinement he was released on parole and returned to his home in Georgia. In 1866 the Legislature which met after ;he State had been reconstructed ac cording to President Johnson’s policy elected Mr. Stephens and Herschel V Johnson to seats in the United States Senate, but they were uot permitted to take their seats. From that time until 1871-1872, Mr. Stephens seems to have taken no active part in politics. When the Legislature elected under the Sher man-Sheilabarger scheme of reconstruc tion in' t in 1868. Mr. Stephens ad vised against the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. Three years later, when Vallandinghau organized' is ‘ new departure,” Mr. Stephens pur chased a daily newspaper in Atlantal called he Sun and fought it with great bit erness. He fought with even more bitterness the Greeley movement of. 1872, and became the recognized leader of the “Straight outs” in Georgia. His elected to Congress for the term ending Snot contract with the comp* March 4th, 1&79. It was during thislgunrantce to it the exclusive rig session that Mr. Stephens ia June, 1878,ich> rge the maximum rate* name 1 took exceptions to some strictures madeill Peters, 544. 50 Ga., 620 ; 49 Id upon his vote upon the Potter resolutionil5l ; 40 E. C. L., 298, 31942 Id., 4' of inquiry into the electoral frauds ofg|46 Id., 234 5 ; (b). Such a. contf 1876. He wrote what was known aslcannot be reached by conatrui the Casey letter and avowed his inten-Rproviso in this section, nor ia t tion of submilting his claims to the peo-Woffict* of a proviso. 15 Peters, pie He was, however, renominatedll Bam & Add., 99; 3 Com, and elected without opposition, as hea“couditions” A (2); Coke’s was also <n 188 ). Mr. Stephens de-l203 (b); Bouv, L, Die., voted much of the latter part of his*399. Congressional life to the revision of the system of eoinago, weights and meas ures, of which committee he was chair man in the House. It was during the Forty-sixth Congress that he took his firm stand against the policy of attach ing riders to appropriation bills. Early in 1882 Mr, Stephens announced his in tention of retiring from public life but the people willed it differently. He was sought alike by Democrats, Inde p#udenis and Republicans to run for Governor, and in the midst of much ex citement and speculation, accepted the Democratic nomination, and after sharp but decisive campaign, in which Mr. Stephens made a brilliantly success ful personal canvass, he was elected Governor of Georgia by over 62,000 majority, and was just beginning a most thorough and remarkable administration of that high office. His last public act was the delivery of his wonderful Sesqui-Centennial oration, in Savannah, February 12'h last. Since his exertiou at that time, however, he has been con j tomb near Versailles: “Except in 1 .Judgment affirmed. Hall J. concurred iu the judgJ on special grounds. Joseph B. Gumming ; A. R. Lai ton, f r plaintiff in error. Clifford Anderson, Attornev-Gene-1 ral; Mrnatt & Howard for defendants.] ENTERTAINING PARAGRAPHS. Twenty years ago an iron theatre was shipped to Australia, from England, in convenient section*, so aa to be pat up oasily on arrival there. A woman at West Cornwall, Conn., failing to indue* her husband to mov*| out of a house which she did not like^ deliberately destroyed it by fire. Lht ns not despise homely personal They serve to remind ns that a bui Might variation in our facial lines woulj have irremediably marred our beauty. A writeb on dogs says that every given to sedentary pursuits ought keep a dog, as the necessity ol exercise to the dog will exercise th^ Tub following is an epitaph from “Except in fined to his bed. and last night at 12 o’clock passed peacefully away at the lessons on the piano, her life wa® Executive Mansion in Atlanta. luring which for several days she Iif FOR TAN T DECISION Ii T TIIE SUPREME' COURT. Ge ruin Railroad et. al. vs. Smith et. al Railroad Commissioners, et. al. Refusal of injunction, from I Fulton. Railroad. Constitutional Law. Olfi ers. Charters. Cor- | porathms. j Atlanta Constitution. Crawford, J.—1. The objection of? the constitutional provision con- paper supported Charles O’Conor forlferring power upon the Legislature [000 majority, though his party hadBthe Presidency, and. while declining tolto regulate railroad freights and previously been in a minoriiy of moreB ,ria ke any fight on the State ticket, ad- passenger tariffs, to prevent unjust than 2,000, and held his seat till 1859.|^. s 1 ed tll f running of “straight out” can dida es for Congress. Unable to He supported Mr. Clay for the Presi dency in 1844, though differing with him on the question of the annexation of Texas, in favor of which he made one of hie earliest speeches during his first term in Congress. The authorship of the resolution for its annexation was indeed due to him, conjointly with the Hon, Milton Brown, of Tennessee. In February, , 1847, he submitted a se nes of resolutions in relation to the Mexican war, which afterward formed • he platform of the Whig parly. He opposed the Clayton compromise in 1848, and took a leading part in effect ing the adjustment known as the com promise of 1850. The passage of tin Kan»as and Nebraska act of 1834 in the House of Representatives was in great measures due to his efforts, as chairman ot the Committee on Terri- 'ories. Af^r the breaking up of th Whig party Mr. Stephens united with the Democrats, and was a prom inent champion of the measures of Mr. Buchanan’s administration. At the close of the Thirty-Fifth Congress Mr Stephens declined to he again candidate. During the Presidential canvaso of I860 he sustained Messrs Douglass and Joliason, and in nume rous public addresses denounced those who advocated a dissolution of the Union in case of Mr. Lincoln's election, and in an address before the State convention called after that event, vigorously opposed the seces- per sonally supervise the management of his paper, he lost heavily bv the ven ture, and after the Presidential election the Sun suspended publication after swr^lowing up all the savings of its owner’s life. In January, 1873, he was a candidate for United States Senator, running against Hon. B. H. Hill and General John B. Gordon. After an ex citing contest he was defeated by the latter. On the night after the day of his defeat lie was invited to run for 'ongress from the Eighth Congression al District to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Genera! A. Ii. Wright He was elected without, opposition— Between the time of his eleciion and the meeting of Congress, the seizure of the Virginus and the execution of her crew by the Spanish commander at San tiago de Cuba occurred. Mr. Stephens was pronouueed ip the opinion that the Uniied States should demand speedy and 3inple reparation for the outrage and that if necessary, the demand should be backed by military power. When ho took his seat in Congress he made a speech defending what was known as the “back salary grab,” a measure for which he did not yote, as it. was passed by the preceding Congress, but which he though' just and right. About this ime his views upon the Louisiana ques tion and General Grant’s connection therewith excised much hostile criticism Mr. Stephens condemned in strong lan guuge the infamous conduct of Kellogg and Hurell, but he contended that the President was not to blame for support ing them with the military. He made a speech on this line at the Augusta Opera House, to which Hon, B. H. Hill replied, at the request of a num ber of citiiens. In 1874 his health was *| e . . ... so bad that he wroto a letter to some of|over the railroad and railroads to bo by them constructed while they see fit to exercise the exclusive right j provided that the charge of transport ation or conveyance shall not exceed aion of Georgia, When the Proviaiimal Congee* ,n„ £ “ gST in Montgomery, Mr. fetephons was Congress. But he afterwards grew ohosen Vice-President of the Confede-fstronger, and whou the convention met rate States, and was afterwards denied h ’ H blends insisted upon putting him in to the same position by tho people —fenoiuination. After a protraoted strug- ... . * ' 3 gle and a large number of ballots he But tin re was Utile in common between , WslH nominated over Major Joseph B Mr. btepheus and President Davis, ond|( jpumiug, of this city, and afterwards frequent, differences robulted in u o un-' elected without opposition. His next plote estrangement. Mr Stephous was Breech in Congress was in opposition to violently opposed tn (he otroog ^ «• lh ' 4th * ' _ _ / , * <? July, 1875, he delivered an address to uivs adopted by tho Confederate govern au unmeuse audience in this «ifr , l us tltMaon seriate an iinmeu.se audience in the city of At ;au a, rue* niaated and lisciiirvination and require reasona ble and just freights and tariffs, and making it the duty of the Legisla ture to pass Jaws in furtherance of this provision, was to give proper protection to the citizens against un just rates for the transportation of freights and nsssengers over the railroads of the State, and to prevent unjust discrimination, even though the rates miglr be ju*t. It was not expected that the Legislature should lo more than pass laws to accom plish the ends in view. Nor were they required to enter into details of settling freights and tariff's over all the railroads in the State. The Rail road C 'mmissioners are officers ap pointed to carry into execution the laws passed by the Legislature, and are constitutional officers. (a.) The powers of the Railroad Commissioners are not legislative.— The power to adopt rules and regu lations to carry into effect a law al ready passed differs from a power to nactthelaw. 91 III., 357. Tilley vs. Saaannah, Florida and Western Railroad. U. 8. Circuit Court, Sonth- rn District of Gh. (pamph. head notes, Sep. Term, 1880). 94 TT. S., 113, 155, 164 2. Acts of incorporation granting exclusive privileges to the corporators trn always to be stricMy construed, and whatever is not expressly given therein or not necessarily implied therefrom. i s withheld. 27 Pa. 8t., 839; 97 U. 8., 659 (a) The 12ih section of the charter >f the Georgia Rai’rosd and Banking Company whs as follows : “That the said Georgia Railroad Company shall at a'l times have the exclusive right of transportation or conveyance of persona, merchandise and produce a stain. “I wish,” says Dr. Schliemann, £ could have proved Homer to have an eye-witness of the Trojan war! All [ can not do it ” Still the doctor bee lived in vain. During the reign of Napoleon 1 hook of birds for children was suppi because it contained the phrase: cock is rather the tyrant than of the farm-yard.” Every shell fired by an army siege operations ousts, with the powd with which the mortar is oharged, ij sum of eight dollars—enough to a poor family for a fortnight* One of the mole* of punisbm dur srimin d toj hit fifty cents per hundred pound* ou heavy articles and ten contH per cubic foot on article of measurement for evory hundrid miles, and five cent# per mile for every passenger.” Held, thut the exclusive right granted bv thin section was the right of transportation or conveyance of per*on , merchandi ..yer China ia to cotnpi. sleeplessness, by k< week, night aud day. to prove fatal audj the victim. An official retro?! “models” in Paris a sitting is from 50 cent of the models are \meric.<tu; 145 have the police. There is a man i close thut when he occupies the pew farthest to save tho interest oa hi the collectors are pasainj contributions. The stages aud and Romans actors, to be recourse to with groat catural souut A GKN-rUI 7a., has anj large rat, _ months ago 1^ devouring it, tho cat m |jiind they now play end like cat aud kitten. A sad story ia related by vama (Vu.) Tribune. A young ma that county bought e house, fitted from garret to cellar and purchase wedding outfit. Rut the wedding c 3 take place. On the day fixed the "married another fellow. Tux Milwaukee Hun speaks of a son who ‘ turned ee pale aa the aiy] spades. ” We always supposed the oi spades was red. and was hard to ■ 1 tiaguish from ihe jack of—dhm»4' v j we believe that e»rd ia called figure woavn a crown.—Sorrietc aid. Anothukk of the Blue Lsv olden time was: “No one ilai i>xa~on tho SabUatli day, or walk in bu garden, or elsewhere, except reverentially to and from meeting. No oue shall travel, cook victuals, malic l>eds, sweep houae, cut hair or shave ou tho 8abtu)th day. No woman shall kiss her ehild on the Sab bath or hidiing day.” It is e melancholy fact that crystal palaces do not pay. That ef Sydenham has been a fin an aud failure, and now the Alexandria Palace, on the northern, heights of London, with its beautiful , park of four hundred and seventy mu i:\ u announced tor keeping up these abgortoallfbe rmtoiUMi $dfl bis gat Mi Tbfl