Newspaper Page Text
Fitzgerald Leader.
FITZGERALD, GEORGIA.
—PUBDUHBD BY—
IMffAXPT* db SORT.
EDITORIAL NOTES,
It is now intimated that while the
Sultan gets his namo in large type,
the Czar is really the financial hacker
of the performance.
Mr. Wetter, the United States Con¬
sul at Tamatave, says that any
American manufacturer who oan sup¬
ply a cheap hand-power machine able
to bull and winnow from one peck to
ono bushel of rice per hour can make
a fortune in Madagascar.
It is an interesting fact, muses tho
New Orleans Picaynno, that Senator
Vest is the only member of the late
Confederate Congress now in the
publio service at Washington, nnd
more interesting still that he is the
father of the first bill passed through
the Senate at this session providing
for a pension for a Union veteran.
San Francisco is greatly agitated
over the discovery that a large pro¬
portion of the stuff sold in that city
ns current jelly is impure, and that
the imitations and adulterants used
include some very haimful substances.
In other words, the current jelly of
San Francisco is not current jelly after
all The same condition, however,
probably exists in all other cities,
suggests the Washington Star.
The number of Government clerks
and officials under Civil Service regu¬
lations salaries aggregating is now 178,717, $99,589,827. with annual
Of
this number 87,108 ore in the classified
service and 91,609 in the unclassified
service. Of the latter 4818 are above
classification, being appointed by the
President, nnd 8850 below classifica¬
tion, consisting of laborers and work¬
men. Most of the Government clerks
and officials are employed in the Post-
office Department.
The London Times is responsible
for the statement that during tho re¬
cent trouble between tho Northwest¬
ern Railway Company and its employes
(which resulted in a complete victory
for the latter) public opinion so
strongly sympathized with the men
that “many shareholders even prom¬
ised to hand over their next dividends
to the striking fund.” Lord Salisbury,
Lord Rosebery, ex-Lord Chancellor
larrer Herschell, Lord Ripon and
Mr. James Bryce, all of whom are
shareholders, favored the cause of the
men, who struck because ordered to
disobey their unions. The company’s
capital is $600,000,000.
American apples have invaded Ger¬
many, Austria and England in such
great quantities as to alarm the “fruit
growers of Europe. If the Americans
would be a little more careful in pack¬
ing their apples for export they could
easily hold the market of all Europe,
for tho American apple is superior in
every way to the European fruit. The
German Pomological Journal states
that in the last winter 6,000,000 double
centers of American apples were landed
at German ports. The agrarian papers
in Germany are showing the alarm
they feel by pointing out how badly
the American apples are packed, and
calling upon German fruit dealers to
gaft their apple trees at once. Until
the American apples captured the
market last winter, Germany used to
get her apples largely from the Aus¬
trian Tyrol. Now she eats Baldwins,
Greenings and Spitzenbergs from the
United States.
Several days ago the following
unique tribute to the climate and re¬
sources of the South made its appear¬
ance in the Wisconsin Press, one of
the lending journals of the Northwest:
“The South is richer far in natural re¬
sources than men have yet realized.
She has wealth of sun and soil, of fruit
aud forest and minernl, and it is only
necessary that her tremendous energies
shall be concentrated and directed to
the development of her natural wealth
to astonish the civilized world. Capital
will go (with security as a condition
precedent) wherever it shall find the
richest reward; and that capital is
satisfied with the prospect in theSouth
is made manifest by the recent re¬
moval of manufacturing plants from
their old fields in the North to newer
and richer fields in the South. Popula¬
tion and wealth will follow them, aud
it is no wild freak of fancy that fore¬
sees the time when the relative
strength of the North and South in
men and money shall be materially
changed; when the furnace fires of
Alabama and Georgia shall become the
torches of industrial victory and the
spindles of South Carolina and Mis¬
sissippi shall hum their song of joy for
the Southern resurrection.”
WORLD'S LARGEST CASK.
BUILT IN CALIFORNIA AND WILL
HOLD 97,000 GALLONS.
JIolrtH Kuough Liquid to Give 9,000,000
, Persons a Full Glass Each—Its Lumber
j Would Build a House—Two Train
Loads of Redwood Used to Make It.
The largest cask in tho world has
recently been completed at St. George
Vineyard, located at Maltermoro, Oal.
It contains 97,000 gallons, or enough
to give 9,000,000 persons eaoh an or¬
dinary wineglassful of its contents. It
is built of the very finest California
redwood, and in all the vast amount of
lumber used in constructing it there is
not a single flaw.
The object of building so large a
cask is to keep on hand at the St.
George Vineyard a uniform supply
of wine, the contents of the cask being
that wine of which most is sold, To
build a cask of the size referred to
seemed an impossibility at first, but
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A CASK THAT HOLDS NINETY-SEVEN THOUSAND GALLONS.
after the matter was thoroughly dis¬
cussed the members of the vineyard
company made up their minds to try.
So the redwood forests of Humboldt
County were called upon to supply the
necessary lumber.
The selection of lumber for the cask
was no ordinary task, for not more
than one stick in a dozen of those pre¬
sented for examination would do. At
last enough lumber of the very first
quality was found, and then the work
of drying it so that there would be not
the slightest danger of shrinkage be¬
gan. It required just tw'o years to
complete this task. The lumber ready,
tw'o entire trains of cars proved neces¬
sary to coifvey it to the nearest point
to the vineyard. This lumber was
amply sufficient in quantity to erect
such a house as does not exist in Cali¬
fornia.
The hoops that bind the cask to¬
gether are of finely tempered steel. In
the aggregate they would fill two large
freight cars aud their total weight is
40,000 pounds. The cask towers to a
height of thirty feet and is twenty-six
feet in diameter. If its contents could
be placed in unbroken bulk in freight
cars it would take thirty of the biggest
to hold it.
There is only one cask in the world
which can be legitimately compared
wdth this giant of California, and that
is the great tun of Heidelberg, Ger¬
many. The California cask w'as not
constructed with the intention of out¬
doing any one, but simply for business
reasons. The difference in size of
these tw r o tuns can best be understood
by considering the fact that the Ger¬
man cask holds 42,000 gallons and the
California cask 97,000, showing the
former to be less than half the size of
the latter.
Considering the contents of the cask
from the measurement of gallons, the
idea of its immensity iB not so fully
impressed as when figuring on a basis
of lesser quantities. For instance, the
cask holds 388,000 quarts, or 776,000
pints, or 3,004,000 gills. An ordinary
glass of wine is about a third of a gill,
perhaps a little less. This huge cask
would hold a sufficient quautity to
permit 9,012,000 persons to partake of
a glass. Therefore, if every inhabi¬
tant of the greatest five cities of the
United States should pass in proces¬
sion before this huge redwood recep¬
tacle each could take a drink there¬
from.
Figuring the value of the contents
of the cask at the price it would be re¬
tailed by the glass in the States where
wine is not made, the total reached is
$901,200, so near a million that it can,
without great stretching, be called a
million dollar cask.
Looking at 1 the wine from still
another standpoint, quantity being al¬
ways the primal basis, the cask con¬
tains sufficient to fairly flood quite a
section of the land about it should it
break, and the chances are it would
sweep along at first with sufficient
force to seriously affect small build¬
ings which might be in its pathway.
Certainly it would drown any human
being who happened to be in the way
of the flood. While the exact number
of tons of grapes whose juice is re¬
quired to make enough wine to fill the
cask has never been estimated, the
proprietors of the vineyard say it would
run into hundreds of thousands of
pouadk. —New Y#tk Herald.___
COAL MINE RUN BY WOMEN. *
IIow the Stalwart Daughters of ft Penn¬
sylvania Miner Help Their Father.
An anthracite coal mine that is al¬
most entirely operated by American
female labor is the unusual spectacle
that Van be seen in the Mahanoy val¬
ley several miles southwest of Sliam-
okin, Penn. Tho owner and operator
of this mine is Joseph Mans, an indus¬
trious native of Germany, and his four
grown daughters and throe younger
girls assist him in operating the col¬
liery in a manner that would make
many mine owners and slate pickers
envious.
The Mans coni mine is located on
the southern side of the mountain
that marks the lower extremity of the
Shamokin coal basin, and is rather a
primitive operation. The women mine
workers who have employment there
for several years past are Katy, Mary,
Lizzie and Anna Mans, daughters of
the mine owner, whose ages are about
twenty-two, twenty-one, twenty and
eighteen years respectively. They are
splendid specimens of womanhood,
averaging six feet in height, being-
straight as arrows, stronger than the
average man and each weighing in the
neighborhood of 200 pounds. Despite
the fact that they are unused to tight
lacing their figures are attractive, and
none of them know what it is to be
sick. They labor hard six days every
week, but seem to be perfectly con¬
tented with their lot, as do also their
younger sisters and brothers, who as¬
sist in the colliery. These young
women are expert farmers, and in ad¬
dition to knowing how to run a coal
mine are perfectly at home performing
the household duties that are indis¬
pensable to all well-regulated home3.
Katie, the oldest girl, performs the
duties usually assigned .to an outside
foreman, supervising the running of
the breaker in a highly satisfactory
manner, and selling the fuel to the hun¬
dreds of farmers from the Mahanoy and
Mahaiitongo valleys, who patronize this
plant, while Mary has charge of the
much maligned mine mule, which hoists
the coal from the bowels of the earth
by means of an old-fashioned gin. An¬
nie, who has turned out a very fair
mechanic, runs the pump that keeps*
the mine free from water and the boil¬
ers and engine that supply the steam
for operating the‘machinery, while Liz¬
zie is slate-picker boss, and assists her
three younger sisters and three little
brothers in picking the rook and the
slate from among the coal as the fuel
passes down the chutes to the storage
pockets. These girls do not affect the
garb of the new woman, but instead
wear serviceable skirt aud petticoats.
Stout brogans cover their feet. Each
girl knows what is expected of her and
goes about the various duties in a busi¬
ness-like manner, while the father is
cutting coal in the mine.
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KITTY MANS, THE SIX-FOOT COAL MINER.
Thirteen years ago Mr. Mans was
employed in the mines around Shamo¬
kin, but, desiring to branch out for
himself, he leased this mine, which was
barely a hole in the ground at that
time. Since then he hgs purchased
the mine and tract of coal land outright,
and the disappointment he and his wife
felt when their first four children
proved to be girls instead of boys has
been softened by the valuable assist¬
ance the girls have since rendered him.
Of the seven later additions to the fam¬
ily four are boys and three are girls,
so that Mr. Mans is now looking for¬
ward to having four young miners to
assist him in cutting coal from the
bowels of the earth before many years
pass by.
While Mr. Mans and his athletic
daughters operate the mine his wife
attends to the household duties and
tills their farm, which, according to
liis story, is a better paying investment
than the mine. Since acquiring pos¬
session of the colliery Mr. Mans has
made many improvements to the prop¬
erty in the shape of new and deeper
openings and the introduction of ma¬
chinery for preparing and hoisting the
coal.
Mr. Mans says that it is a common
thing for women to work in and around
the mines in the section of Germany
where he was born, and prominent
mining officials recall many instances
in which women and girls performed
similar duties in the coal mines of
England and Wales, In the latter
country, however, the custom is almost
obsolete now. About eight years ago
Mrs. Daniel Grassens, a German wo¬
man, donned man’s attire and secured
employment in the Gimlet mine, near
Shamokin, as an inside loader. She
worked on tho same shift as her hus¬
band and succeeded in hiding her sex
for several months, As soon as the
foreman discovered that she was a wo¬
man she was discharged, although her
work had been entirely satisfactory.
It is said that Mr. Grassens and his
mine-working wife are now prosper¬
ous German farmers in the Mahanoy
valley.
THE MODEL KITCHEN.
Proper Arrangement ami Furnishing of
tills Important Part of a House.
Very little attention is given to the
furnishing of the kitchen, even in the
most particular households. If a new'
house is being built the careful house¬
wife may ask the architect to provide
certain conveniences for the room, but
generally the matter is left wholly to
his directions, and unless he is a tyro
he is not apt to disappoint expectations.
Modern improvements in plumbing
and in ranges provide the most con¬
venient of permanent fixtures. It is
scarcely necessary to warn one against
the old style of shut-in plumbing, that
left innumerable crevices and crannies
to give lodgment to dirt and vermin.
The very best results are obtained from
the use of iron pipe instead of lead,
and if this be used there is much less
chance of “sweating,” and the conse¬
quent rotting of the adjacent wood,
particularly if the pipes be painted.
The woodwork of the kitchen is fully
as important as that of any of the rest
of the house. Pine is generally chosen,
and is as good as any other wood; it
should bs oiled and given several coats
of hard varnish, or else painted in yel¬
low' or buff.
All closets and cupboards should be
built from the floor to the ceiling, with¬
out the slightest opening above or be¬
low. The door should cover just as
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IN
PERSPECTIVE VIEW.
much of the front as possible, leaving
room only for a narrow jamb and a
shallow sill, in order that when they
are opened the entire exterior may be
exposed to view. Earthenware tubs are
cheaper in the long run than wooden
ones, although their initial cost is con¬
siderably greater. But if wooden tubs
must be used, be sure they are put in
most carefully, as under the best of
contractors they give more trouble
than any other kitchen fillment.
Above all things do not stint money
in laying the kitchen floor; this must
be constantly scrubbed, aud if the
wood checks and splinters the task is
heart-breaking. The highest grades
of Georgia pine should be used, in
narrow strips, and it should have fre-
quent dressing. It is no economy
to lay a cheap floor with the idea of
depending upon a covering of oil cloth
or similar material.
A very common mistake is made in
putting in a sink that is too small, and
in providing no plac e for the draining
of dishes. A sink is never too large,
even for the smallest family, and if
space will permit it is well to put in
one that is a couple of sizes larger than
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DESIGN FOB A KITCHEN.
needed. At both ends should be wide
draining shelves. An admirable fea¬
ture, if one can afford it, is a panel of
tiling adjoining the sink. This should
be copped with a strip of wood contain¬
ing hooks, from which may be hung
basting spoons, collanders, measures,
and so forth.
As to furnishing proper, this is a
very simple matter, although many
people seem to think that it is suf¬
ficient to tramp into the kitchen the
dilapidated and broken down furniture
from other parts of the house. There
should be two plain deal tables, a large
one and a small one, the latter just
about the height of the range or stove.
This will be found extremely con¬
venient in cooking if drawn close to tho
range to hold utensils. The chairs
should be of the kind that have solid
wooden seats, but there should also be
at least one comfortable rocking-chair.
Anything that is in the nature of an
ornament and has no utilitarian use is
wholly out of place, and should be ban¬
ished from the kitchen.
The design presented has a kitchen
arranged in accord with the suggestion
contained in article.
A description of design; A. Movable
table. B. Boiler.- C. Closet. E. Low
table. F. Counter shelf. H. Chairs.
M. Dresser. N. Towel Rack. P. Pan¬
try. R. Range. S. Sink. T. Hinged
table. V. Veranda.
FISHES WITH FOUR EYES.
Chinese Monstrosities Imported to New
York as Curiosities.
A certain New York dealer in fancy
creatures, pet and singing birds and
such like things is just now exhibiting
a Chinese four-eyed fish, the like of
w'hich, he solemnly declares, w as never
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roun-EVED PISH FROM CHINA.
seen in America before. Certainly,
says the New York Herald, it is a cu¬
rious creature, and, to all appearances,
it has the four eyes its owner claims.
They are set in pairs high on the
sides of the head, one “eye” of each
pair looking straight up and the other
sideways, each pair being fixed in a
sort of fleshy protuberance that gives
the finny monster a most extraordinary
appearance.
The thing was imported from China.
It is a species of goldfish and is con¬
fessedly a sort of manufactured freak.
The story told by the dealer to account
for the extra pair of eyes is sufficiently'
marvellous to strain the beliving pow¬
ers of the most credulous. He says
the Orientals who breed these fish
place them in a tank which is kept in
absolute darkness, save that from a
lens or a mirror placed above the tank
ore single tiny ray of light is shot
down into the water. The fish natur¬
ally seeks this ray of light and spends
most of his time where it falls verti¬
cally upon his head. In time, the
dealer continues, the extra pair of eyes
devolop.
Now, this is a fish story, indeed,
and no reader need believe it unless
he wishes to. It is given here simply
to explaiu the curious freak which the
New York dealer has for sale, aud
which he says would be cheap at $100
of any man’s money.
“In fact,” he continued, “three New
Yorkers have already paid $100 apiece
for three other fishes of this same
type. ”
The Chinese have a curious name for
this English fish. The nearest approacli to an
translation of this name is
“celestial telescope,” the word “tele¬
scope” being used because of the pro¬
tuberant structure of the eyes.
Besides the double complement of
eyes, tho celestial telescope has a num¬
ber of other cuyious characteristics.
Its body is short and chunked and its
tail is very long, perhaps twice qr
thrice B3 long as the body; more than
that, it it so divided as to seem to be
four tails instead of one.
But, nothwithstanding this surplus
of apparent propelling power, the
celestial telescope is an exceedingly
slow and awkward fish in getting about,
and seems to be even more stupid than
most other fish. For instance, it will
not feed at all as other fish do; its food
must be placed in the water on the end
of a little straw or stick, in such a way
that it can see it plainly, and then the
food' must be held iu position a long¬
time before it can be induced to eat.
Test of a Rifle's Power.
The power of the Lebel rifle was ex-
hibited at Berny, in France, recently,
where a soldier was called on to shoot
an escaping bull. The bullet from the
rifle penetrated the animal’s skull and
left the body near the tail,
The Senate of the Connecticut Legis-
lature rejected a proposed bill to grant
divorce for incurable insanity.
IF I CAN LAUGH.
I bear the clink of the yellow ({old
That Dears the crest of n nation’s coin;
I see the jewelled treasures old,
That even monnrchs would purloin;
But yot I would not join the throng
Who bend the knee to the molten calf,
X will pass all by without one sigh,
If I can laugh, can only laugh.
The world’s proud fair; yot what care I
-For tints that change like a summer’s
cloud? jj
A picture rare to bring the sigh, jM
Then draped at last with pall and
Thoone A target who Is for reigns envy’s In Beauty's shaft; oous^B
I will If pass laugh all by with childhood never a sfgjfl
I can as my
And what is worth, the fame of B
Though earned by sword or i:ol
The tint of blood is royal birth;
The song of praise in glory's mB
The glide I crown on the feverc idHB
The pnlsted hand on the sage’s
I will pass It by without a sigh
It I can laugh an honest laugh. \ *
Then time the march of life with aong^H
The ills forget with passing jest.
The happy heart can do no wrong,
The hours of gladness are tho best. M
So bring the wine of royal mirth,
That I the nectar rich can quaff; "
All olse I will pass as I drain my glass,
' To the soul that can laugh, always laugh.
—Rochester Democrat nud Chronicle.
ITCH AND POINT.
Against tho grain—Bears in wheat—
Life.
Friendship among women is a plant
of which wc don’t know in Augnst
whether it will boar bitter or sweet
fruit in September.
“Men never outgrow their child¬
hood.” "Alas no! Experience be¬
gins spanking us even before our par¬
ents leave off.”—Pack.
Real estate is looking up. There is
nothing else for it to do when build¬
ings are climbing up on it twenty
stories high.—Atlanta Constitution.
Two next door neighbors quarrelled,
and one of them exclaimed, excitedly :
“Uall yourself a man of sense! Why,
you’re next door to an idiot!”—Tit-
Bits.
South American Tourist—“You say
the masses of your people are discon¬
tented?” Native—“Alas! Seuor, most
of us have never been President.”—
Puck.
Madge—“Tell us, dear, did he go
down on his knees when he propose d?”
Polly —“No; in his contusion he
North down American. on his hat.”—Phihule^H If
“Don’t Mrs. you Sweetly?” think your “Far son from a li^H ■
fast,
He is so slow that wo can never
him to breakfast before noon.”—
troit Free Press.
“Mamma, I know why angel Johnj| bal
iz made ’th wings.” “Why,
“’Cause, ’S they jfc borned in a
where off. ”—Cnicago they don’t Record. like it, they kin^H N§H
Brown—“Isn’t there a blue room
the White House?” Smith—“I
so. I bolieve it’s the room in
the President expresses hiR
opinion of the office-seekers.”—Puck.
“Did you hear of the great sacrifice
in the way of self denial Ethel
and Bessie Teeters are making?”
Ricketts. “No; what is it?”
Gaskett. “Each is riding the otherH
wheel.”
“Haw! Haw! I see that old Go
rox has been swindled out of two hui
dred dollars by a confidence man.’i
“Anything funny about that?” “Why,
yes! Gotrox is an old friend of mine.”
—Puck.
Country Cousin —“Do yon keep
anything in the house iu case burglars
should pay you a visit at night?” City
Cousin—“l'ou bet I do! My wife’s
maiden aunt lives with us.’’—Norris¬
town Herald.
Impecunious—“I killed. How would much like to will havo it
a nerve
cost?” Dentist—“Seventy-five cents.”
Impecunious—“Seventy-five cents?
Can’t you make it less? I havo such
weak nerves!”
Funeral Invitations in 1S29.
In the early days of the present
century lunetal services were held iu
this city after a fashion that seems ex¬
ceedingly odd in the light of modern
customs, says the Pittsburg Chronicle-
Telegraph. A Bucks County man re¬
cently found in an old Bible, published
in 1776, the following curious invita¬
tion :
You and family are respectfully invited to
attend ttie funeral of ............, trom tho
residence of Edward Abbott, No. 196 North 5
Front street, to-morrow afternoon at
o'clock.
Philadelphia, July 4,1829.
The invitation is printed in heavy¬
faced type npon rough white paper.
It was evidently the custom to send
these notices to all friends of the be¬
reaved family. The hour set, 5
o’clock, would appear cnusually late,
and yet it was a common thing in
those days to hold funeral services at
night.
Beetle, as Undertaker.
There is a species of beetle in Aus¬
tralia which acts the roll of energetic
undertakers that carefully bury car¬
casses left on the soil. As soon as
they smell a field mouse, u mole or a
fish in a state of decomposition, they
come by troops to bury it, getting
under the body, hollowing out tho
ground with their legs and projecting
the rubbish they dig out in all direc¬
tions. Little by little the carcass
sinks, at the end of twenty-four hours
the hole is several inches deep. They
then mount it, cast the earth down
into the grave so as to fill it and hide
the body from sight. The females
will then lay their eggs in the torhb,
where the larvae will alterward finci an
abundance of food. — Manchester
Guardian.