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uer nar- politicians ami her . reckless alwiitioeists l«ve engendered, iroin the days at” old Timothy Pickering until mm’, induces the modern tederai par t'i to get up a disunion Convention in Faneuil Hail, and to pass threatening-res olutions in the Legislature of 1815, just as.the old federal party did in the Hart ford Convention and the Legislature of IS 13. Massachusetts thus, by her whig Legislature, is put in the attitude of open nullification. Mr. Dixey, the promising young Representative from old republi can Marble-bead, has fastened this upon the .whigs, and be and Mr. SackeU, of Russell, Mr. Pitts, of Dighton, and oth ers of the democratic Representatives, who exposed the tendency of these nul-j lifying resolutions, have done just as the , fathers of the republican school did in 1812 when they voted against the federal spirit of disunion which then vented itself i in the Hartford Convention. The doctrine of nullification is, that a single state may judge for itself whether an act of Congress is unconstitutional, and declare it imperative. The whig Legis lature of Massachusetts declare in theii resolutions that Congress has not power, ] b T ihe Constitution to admit a foreign' state into the Union, and that “such an act of admission would have nu binding force whatever on the people of Massa chusetts!” Here Massachusetts assumes to lake the power of the Supreme Court into her own bands; to pronounce an act of Congress unconstitutional in advance, and to declare that she absolves her citizens from all obedience to it! If Congress ad mits Texas into the Union, Massachusetts ■ is to treat that act as a nullity, and de ny that she is in the Union! The whigs who voted for this incendi ary and disorganizing resolution —this me nace to the general government to resist its laws, have each of them taken an oath to support the Constitution and laws of the United States. doc trine is, that the Supreme Court of the United States is the only expounder of the Constitution; but if Texas is annex ed, they declare, without regard to the Supreme Court, that such an act will be of no binding force whatever uj on the people of Massachusetts! If this is not nullification, what is? It is more. It is a menace to dissolve this Union! And by this means Massachu setts Federalism undertakes to keep Tex as out of the Union in IS 1-5, as it did by a like menace upon the adoption of the Florida treaty in ISI9, when Mr. Ad ams gave Texas to Spain, in order to carry out the northern sectional jealousy against the South. A remarkable development in the histo ry of the federal party of Massachusetts has just appeared in a correspondence be tween Mr. Jefferson and Mr. d/on roe, which was published from manuscript let ters, in the Globe of Feb. 17ih. 'May 14, IS2O, Mr. Jefferson, hearing that the Florida treaty with Spain in which Mr. Adams had adopted the Sa bine as the boundary, when Spain offer ed the Colorado, had been rejected by Spain, wrote to Mr. Monroe, then Presi dent, expressing his gratification at the rejection, because the treaty had exclu ded Texas. In that letter, Mr. Jefferson, with his prophetic vision of the great fu ture, now about to he consummated, said, “to us the Province of Texas will he the richest State of’our Union, without any ex ception. Its southern part will make more sugar than we can consume, and the Red River on its north, is the most luxuriant country on earth.” The rejection of the treaty, he adds, “has had the valuable es- i feet of strengthening our title to Texas, be-1 cause the cession of Florida, in exchange ! for Texas imports an acknowledgement of our right to it.” Could language be more emphatic than I this, to show the opinion of Jefferson, twenty-four years ago, in favor of the measure the democratic party now go for, in the annexation of Texas ? This is a rematkable and most oppor tune document. Mr. Monroe’s reply to Jefferson of M ay, IS2U, is still more re markable in developing the narrow policy of the eastern federalists. It forms a link in history that binds the past to the present. Mr. Monroe tells Ur. Jefferson that he should entirely concur with him in the im portance of securing Texas, if it involved nothing more than a question between the United States and Spain, or between them j 1 and the colonies, “lain satisfied (he says) I •'that we might regulate in it every cir cumstance, as we thougVit just, and with out war—that we might take Florida as an indemnity, and Texas for some trifle as art equivalent. No European power could prevent this, if so disposed.” What then stood in the way of Mr. Mbnroe ? “The difficulty,” he adds, “is feltogetber internal, and of the most dis tressing nature and dangerous tendency.” And what was t hat difficulty ? The east- ! * ern federalists menaced the Union if Mr. Monroe admitted Texas into the Union !—, They were prepared to nullify and go out .1)0 ~i l.oui ooNKtitutiorial IT. Slates! Thai to ivliicli tiie ~.c former compact were not ..ere. This plan was far matured .. proposal bad been made to an individual to permit hunselfju be placed at the head of the mili tary movements, w liicii it was foreseen would be necessary to carry it into execution!” What a coincidence have we here, be tween the Massachusetts federal disunion, upon the annexation of Louisiana in ISO3, j ami the resolutions brought into the Mas sachusetts Legislature by Mr. Bell, an ! old federalist from New Hampshire, and carried through, in 1845! l'ut the two j together. It is as if the same mind had | conceived both. Federal doctrine of Disunion in 1803. ‘•The annexation of Louisiana to the Union transcends lliecontitutional powers of the govern ment of the United States. It forms anew cpn- I lederaey, to wliicji the St ales united‘by the Ibriner 1 ; compact are not bound to adhere.” i Federal doctrine of Disunion in 1845. j “ Ilesolied, That as the powers of legislation j | granted to Congress do not embrace the case of ttie admissiou of a foreign slate or territory, by legislation, into the Union, such an act would have no binding three whatever on t lie people of .Yfas sachuse Us!” President Monroe’s letter, which has { I ust come to light, further develops the | secret causes of disunion. It shows that, under ihe menace of the eastern federal ists to dissolve the Union if more southern j ( or western territory were added, he yiel ded to Mr. Adams, and threw away Texas in the Florida treaty. Mr. Adams says that the design of a northern confederacy was formed as soon \ as Louisiana was annexed. Mr. Monroe I reminds Mr. Jefferson of the early op i position to securing the navigation of the j River M ississippi to the south and west. Massachusetts was at the head of that . conspiracy. The Union then consisted of j eight commercial States, with five slave j holding and producing States, The at tempt to shut up the mouth of the Jliss i issippi “ was an effort (says Mr. Monroe) to give such a shape to the Union as , would secure the dominion over it to its i eastern section.” He adds—“ At that time Huston ruled the four New England Slates, and a popular orator in i Faneuil Hall (Harrison Giay Otis) ruled Boston, i Jay's object was to make New York a New En gland State. ft was tiirtsecn that if *lie Misuiss ippi should be opened and new States he estahlwh jed on its waters, the population would he drawn I thither, the number of the productive Stales tie ,1 proportionally increased, and their hope of domin ion on that contracted scale he desiio ed. Io i prevent this, that project was formed. Happiv it j tailed, and Since then our career, in tin opposite i direction, has been rapid and wonderful.” Mr. Afonroo then notices two subse quent attempts U> circumscribe the Un , ton—the Hartford Convention, and the i restrictions on Missouri. On this issue (the admission of Missouri) he says they |(the eastern federalists) were willing to risk the Union, and it was saved by the ' patriotic devotion of several members in the tion-slavehohling States, who prefer i red the sacrifice of themselves at home to ' the violation of the Constitution and the | risk of the Uuion. i From this view, Mr. Monroe declares J his fears that the further acquisition ol | territory to the west and south involved ' internal difficulties which menaced the Union, ftotn the eastern federalists. Here is a piece of,recent history, which - marks the lines of the two parties in this j country, federal and democratic, as dis ! linctly as the Alleghany A/ountains mark jed the boundary the federalists meant to , fix as the limits within which Boston, through the New England States, could j control the Union. A single extract from the federal organ ]of that day, the Boston Centinel, ot Nov. j 12, 1803, will confirm Mr. Monroe’s let | ter. To pay fifteen millions for Louisiana, j in order to secure a place of deposit for western produce, that paper exclaimed, was indeed insufferable, anil it advocated shutting up the Mississippi to the western people, “ lest, it they have that, our New England lands would become a desert from the contagion of emigration!” It is impossible to take the view here presented, without seeing the. intimate connection of the opposition to the annex ation of Texas with that narrow federal policy which began to develop itself in 1803, with the design of confining the j glorions destinies of this republic within the narrow limits of the old thirteen states. Every republican, who venerates Jeffer son and condemns the Hartloul Conven tion policy, must perceive on wlneh side of ihe Texas question parties in this country must and will range themselves, lie cannot go with the whigs, who op pose Texas now lor the same reasons their fathers opposed Louisiana, without aiding the design the federal party has never abandoned, “togive such a shape to the Union as would secure the dominion over it to its eastern section.” The abolition question is now used for this very purpose of restoring the lost power of the tederai party by operating j on the sectional prejudices, the whigs are laboring to foster between the free and | the slaveholding Stales. With them it is ino question of philanthropy, or Utterly, | but a question of party power, Mr. Mon , roe, in his letter to Mr. Jefferson, above j quoted, says of the Missouri contest, that the federal party “ contemplated an ar- I ratigemcnl on the distinction solely be tween slaveholding and non slaveholding 1 , States, presuming that on that basis only , such a division might be founded as would • jy perpetual excitement, me usual occeding from difference in the and circumstances of the people, Lai the States differing in that ineeasing opposition and hostili olher.” vas a prophetic shadowing forth, f the amalgamation now going n the whigs and altolitionists to northern part}’, of which the setts whigs are to be the lead . taking advantage of the excite growing out of the slavery agitation Texas, draw the democrats of the .e States into their ranks, and thus .rutrshal those States in hostility to the south and west, in order to break down i llie democracy and establish federalism upon its ruins. if history ever taught a lesson of value, the democrats of the free States, and es pecially the young rnen, who have traced this struggle of eastern federalism for dominion, may herein learn and profit by it, and it should warn them, as they love their country, to pause long before they permit the annexation of Texas to be j used i>y the federal party to strengthen ' their power by dividing upon it the de- i inocracy of tile north. So intimate is this relation, that it could I hardly escape recollection upon a recent | occurrence in the United States Senate. ! In 1803, Timothy Pickering, of Salem, Massachusetts, the father ol the Essex Junto, stood up in the Senate ot the Uni ted States, and denounced the annexa tion of Louisiana as a violation ol the Constitution. In IS4-5, lion. Rufus Choate, raised in Salem, brought up at the feet of Timothy Pickering, in the school of the Essex Junto, stands up in tire same Senate, and brings all the force of his eloquence to de nounce the annexation ol Texas as a vio lation of the Constitution, and a virtual dismemberment of the Union ! And thus it ever has been and ever will ho, with the Massachusetts federal school of politicians; narrow, sectional, illiberal and unwise—always going wrong, and always travelling the old road. Mr. Choate did hut wake the echoes of old Timothy Pickering’s doctrines, which had slumbered in that Senate chamber and been discarded by the nation for forty two years! So true it is ol the tederai policy of Massachusetts. “Old politicians chime on measures pa t, And totier on in blunders to ihe last.” From the Washington Constiinlion. THE INAUGURATION. The lull answer to the Whig interrogti , lory, “who is James K. Polk?” has this ! day been given. Having been duly elec ted, by the enthusiastic approbation of the Democratic party, to the Presidential ol licc, lie, this day, in the presence of some thirty thousand of his friends, took the | oath prescribed by the Constitution, and ii now the President ol United States.— The number assembled to witness the in j duction of the rnan of their choice into o lice, was great beyond all former prece dent. It was truly a sublime spec- I tacle! It was a magnificent and glorious I illustration of the genius and beauty of our free institutions. Gladness was in ! every countenance happiness in every eye. Wo were particularly struck, as j were others, with the distinguishing fact, that whilst all appeared happy, there seemed to be a temperate and subdued | stale of feeling, worthy of the man and the occasion. Notwithstanding the rain, which continued to fall during the whole of the procession and ceremonies, the ut most order prevailed throughout; and not au accident or difficulty occurred during the day, to mar the joy or disturb the pleasure which the occasion inspired. The whole scene was one which made the patriot heart of all who beheld it, : bound with joyous emotions—the order, the quiet, the happiness that characteriz j ed the vast assembly, exhibited the senti ment which governed all. They are a law loving and a law abiding people—be , cause the laws are hut emanations of their own will; and the greatest good of the ! greatest number their object and end. It | does not require here the power of the sword, or the strong arm of the military, ito restrain the multitude or keep order among those who are the fountain of all law. It is true, the soldier —the citizen soldier—was there, hut it was only to make up a part of the pageant, and to 'swell the aggregate ot happiness felt by the throng of freemen. Military compa nies from Baltimore, the cities of the Dis tiict, and elsewhere, joined in the proces sion; and, with their splendid hands of; music, added infinitely to the beauty and pleasure of the occasion. The wisdom j and talent of this, as well as of foreign j lands, were there to witness this glorious ( consummation, this final triumph, of the people’s will. Ex-Presidents, Foreign i Ministers, Senators,Congressmen, and the . grave Judges of the highest judicial tri-1 biiual in the country, were all there, to add ! to the calm dignity of the impressive -cue. One President retires, and anoth er succeeds him, without so much as cre ating a ripple upon the surface ol social affairs. In monarchies the exit of the head of the nation is often the signal for revolution, and the cause for those politi cal earthquakes which shake society to its foundations; frequently destroying all ex isting institutions, and burying vast mul titudes in their ruins. Happy are the American people, in having the purest as well as the best Government on earth. Mr. Polk’s Inaugural, which we give in this paper, is every way worthy of tliel man and of the occasion. Its patriotic 1 sentiments and genuine American feeling! must commend it to the approbation of all. A career of usefulness and of glory j lies before him. W ith the Constitution j and the people’s will for his guide, he can-j not fail to accomplish all that the people ; may prescribe or desire. The Vice President, 100, upon being j anil taking, his seal, as President of! the Senate, delivered a chaste and beautt-i I tut address, which vve also give in this [paper. Thus have these two eminent citizens, whose names —Polk Dallas— have so recently formed the rallying cry for the free Democtacy throughout this broad land, been taken from tbc position of private citizens, and elevated to the two highest and most dignified stations in the world. C O N GUESS I O N A L. From the Washington Globe . February 26. In the Senate, to-dxy, Mr. Miller occupied the morning session in an effort to prove that the government of tlie United States does not possess the power in any way to effect a union with Texas; in doing which, he maintained that if there was any right under the constitu tion to annex a foreign territory, it existed with the treaty.maki-g power, and not with Congress. Alter he had concluded, Mr. Ar cher moved tl e Senate to go into executive ses sion, with the view to have printed and refer red an important communication from the exe cutive, the nature of which is unknown ; which being done, the Senate took a recess till five o’clock. At 5 o’clock the Senate reassembled, when Mr. Uagby took the floor, and expressed much solicitude that this proposition for annex ing Texas might be made to assume a shape free from all constitutional objection. He aver red his belief that the people, so far as they were concerned, had settled the question that Texas should be admitted into the Union, if it could I*3 done consistently with the pro* isions of the constitution. He believed it could be so done—not, however, by the passage of the naked proposition which came from the House, lie expressed an ardent desire that the Con gress of ttic United States, this session would pass some act by which Texas might he ceded to the United States, He did not believe, how ever, that it could be done by the proposition oft! o House; for that determined nothing, hut merely gave the consent of Congress to that republic to do what she had an indisputable right to do— eiect anew constitution with tho view to tier future admission. It was his op inion that it would be more respectable to pass a law indicating the terms on which the end j could be attained. It was tins reason, and b; - ca; so the mode fixed by it was free from cm i stitutional objeetio , and would, w tli more certainty, bring that infant republic into the Union, that he preferred the proposition sub -11 nit ted by the senator from Missouri, (Mr. Ben'on.) Ho declared that ho vvou'd not go ! Ibr any proposition which, in his opinion, di i j not conform to the constitution, or which rc ! cognizes any right whatever in the Mexican l government over that territory. After he bud ! concluded, Mr. Upham obtained the floor, and . was, when we last heard from the Capitol, ma king an argument against the measure on grounds of unconstitutioiiality and inexpedien cy. He declared his opposition to annexation jin any mode that could be devised under the ! constitution to effect that object. The first business taken up in the House, to ' day, was the bill from the Senate to reduce ihe j rates of postage, See. together with the amend. ; nvnts agreed on in the Committee of the i Whole on the Slate of the Union. The previ- I ous question having been moved and seconded Jon this bill, under its operations the amend i meats were concuired in, and it was read die ! third tinm, and passed. The House then I spent tho remainder of tho day in Committee !if the Whole on the state of the Union in con j sidering the bill for the improvement of certain rivers and harbors, to which several amend ments were in :do, an i a number were offered that were rejected. The committee lose and j reported progress at a late hour, without com ing to any conclusion on the bill. After adopt inga resolution offered by Mr. McKay, to meet 1 at 10 o’clock to-morrow instead of 11, the usu al hour, the House adjourned. February 27. j The Senate, to-clay, disposed of the Tex ts i question. The joint resolution from the House I us amended on the motion of Mr. Walker, was passed by a vote of 27 to 20. A further notice of the proceeding will be found below. The House was occupied, during the whole jof this day, on the bill reported yesterday ' from the Committee of the Whole on the stale 1 of the'Union, making appropriations for the improvement of certain harbors and rivers.— Several ante ndments were made, and many that were offered were rejected; aud finally, at a late hour, the House adjourned without i coining to any conclusion on the bill. February 29 The Senate, this morning, refused to tak up the bill for the admission of the States of lowa and Florida into the Union—all the whigs voting against the motion, and all the demo ciats for it. The remainder of the day’s ses sion was occupied is disposing of the civil and diplomatic appropriation bill, which was order |ed to be engrossed ; and the Senate then ad journed. In publishing, in last evening’s pa per, the joint resolution for admitting the State 1 of Texas into the Union, the latter clause was inadvertently omitted from the House resolu tion in the following words : “And in such State : or States as shull be famed out of said territo ry north of said Missouri compromise line, slavery, or involuntary servitude, (except for ! crimes,) shall be prohibited.” The business in the House of Repn senta- I lives, to-day, has been of an important charac ter. The first moaaure acted upon was the I bill making appropriations for certain harbors ! and rivers, which lias occupied the attention of the House for the last two days. Mr. Tibbatt’s substitute was ultimately adopted, with the ex- I ception of so much thercofasielated to the Lou | isville canal, and iu that form tho bill was pass , ed. The House, then, during the morning hour, took up the resolutions from the Select Committee on the Affairs of Rhode Island, and they were discussed by Mr. Elmer, of New Jersey, and Mr. Williams, of Massachusetts, and were again passed over. The bus ness oti the Speaker’s table was next in order, and amongst the documents there was the joint re solution for the annexation of Texas, which had been r turned from the Senate with an a mendmeut. The resolutions and the amend ment were rend, and then a motion was made to comma them to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union ; which was ultimate ly carried, after the House had disposed of al most innumerable motions which were made io retard their progress. Afterwards, the House , resolved itself into Committee of the Whole on j the state of the Uuion, and took up those reso- . lutious; and, after, rejecting all the amend-j ments offered, the amendment of the Senate was concurred in, the resolutions were report ed to the House, and were finally passed, b v a majority of 132 to 70. That very important j business disposed of, the House again resolved , itself into Couimjtteo of the Whole on the suite . of the Union; and the bill making appropria tions for the naval service for the next fiscal j year was taken op, and several amendments were m tdo thereto. The committee then rose and reported it to tl*e House; when U was or-1 dered to be engrossed fur a third reading, and then read the third time, and passed. The House again went into Committee of the Whole on the state of the Uuion, and took up the ar my appropriation bill. Tho bill was continued as the subject of consideration and ameudnieut till near 10 o’clock ; when the committee rose, and the House adjourned. Ma*chl. In the Senate, to-day, the postage bill, which had been returned from the House with amend ments, was disposed of. The House amend ments were concurred in, which fixes the rates of postage at five and ten cents, instead of five cents to all parts of the Union. The Senate made one or two additional amendments, which rendered it necessary to return the hill to the House for concurrence therein. The bill from the House for the admission of the States of lowa and Florida into the Union was taken up, and debated until the Lour for recess. During the afternoon session, the bill to ad mit tho States of Florida and lowa was discus sed at length, and finally passed by a vote 0f36 to 9. At It) o’clock, p. m., the Senate was engaged in the cons deration of the Indian ser vice appropriation bill. March 3. In the Smate, this morning, Mr. Atchison moved to take up the House b - 11 for the organ ! i/. ition of the government of Oregon; but the j motion was strenuously opposod by Messrs. I Evan -, Archer, and Crittenden, on the plea that a late message from the President of the United States showed that the negotiation had been going on most satisfactorily till tempora riiy suspended by the indisposition of the Sec retary of State ; and also on the ground that a discussion of the measure now, on the last day of tho session, would consume all the time re quired for the disposal of the appropriation bills. Mr. Allen completely upset all the excuses urg -1 ed on the other side for not taking up this bill, by showing that the delay of the discussion to the last day of the session was entirely duo to the procrastination of the subject day after day j by those who now made the lateness of the pe riod the plea of refusing to take up this bill w-w. The yeas and nays were taken on Mr. Atchison’s muti n, and resulted, yeas 21, nays 2-j—a strict party vote. So tho wh g majority of the present Senate, refused to act upon the i hill. Mr. Baghy made a petsomd explanation ; 'in relation to imputations cast upon him by a Washington correspondent of the Richmond En pi r- r. The report of the Committee of 1 Conference. i»ti the civil and diplomatic appro ! priation hill was considered and concurred in. Toe bill providing for expenses of the Indian . Department, in ca ni g out Indian treaties, A:e., was amend and and pissed—yens 31, nays 2. The navy app-onriatio.i bill was consult r , ed, amend'd, ad pissed. A resolution was. adopted allowing the President pro (cm. of the S a ate the salary of Vice President since Ids election to the elm r of ihe Senate, deducting t the pay lie lias r< ceived, so that the resolution ' gives him the and ll’erence out of the contingent fund. The army appropriation bII was under ; discussion when our piper went to press. : The first hour of the suasion ofthe House of Representatives, to-day, was devoted to the re ception of reports from standing committees, wlnc’li, after several bills had been reported, were discharged from the fulltier consideration 1 of all the remaining papers in their possession, f Afterwards Mr. McKay made a report from t|j.. Com i ittee of Conference on the civil and 1 and pi unatic appropriation bill, and the report ol the comm tec being agreed to, the bill was i passed. Other general bills on ti e Speaker’s table were considered unlil 3 o’clock, when 1 the House took a recess until 6 o’clock. Af ter the ri coss, the House reassembled, and dis-, posed of the Indian apnrOpria'ion bill, the bill supplemental to ihe bill for the admission of Florida and lowa into the Union, and many Oth r bills From the Benate, wnh which the House was proceeding when we last heard I fiorn the Capitol. Maiich 4. At 11 o’clock a. m. the Hon. Wili.ib P. Mangom, President pro tent, of tho Semite. 1 , called the Senate to ordur. Mr. Crittenden pic-vnte I the credentials of the Ifbn. Thom is Corwin, elected by the Le j gisjature of Ohio Unit'd States Senator from that State, for the term of six years, from the i ith of March, 1815, and they w ere read, and | laid on tlm table. I The fdlovving Scale’s eb-ct were then cail led by the President pro tern, an I duly sworn j ScnaJops oftlKj United States for six years from 11 is and ite : lion. Thos. 11. Benton, re-efoctod Senator ! from Missouri. Hon. Lewis Cas«, elected Senator from Mi chigan, in the room ol flnu. Align ins S. I’or ! ter, whose term cxp.P and. 1 lon. John M. Clayton, elected Senator from D la wart', in the room of Hon. R. 11. Bayard, ; whore term of set vice expired. lion. Thomas Corwin, elected Senator from | Ohio, in the room of Hon. Benjamin Tappan, whose term of service expin and. Hon. William L. Dayton, elected Senator from New Jersey, Ids appointment by the Go vernor of that State having expired. Hon. D. S. Dickinson, elect' and Senator from New Y ork, in the room of lion. Silas Wright, resigned, for residue of Mr. Wright’s term. Hon. Joint Fairfield, elected Senator from Maine, his appointment for the previous resi due ofa term expired. Don. Albert S. Greene, elected Senator from Rhode Island, in room of lion. John B. Francis, whose term ofsorvice under appoint ment expired. Hun.Jabt z. YV. Huntington, re elected Sen ator from Connecticut. Hon. Reverdy Johnson, elected Senator from Maryland, in the room of the Hon. Wil liam D. Merrick, whose term expired. lion. Samuel S. Phelps, re-eleced Senator from Vermont. Hon. Jesse Speight, elected Senator from Mississippi, in the room of Hon. John Hender son, whose term expired. lion. Daniel Sturgeon, re-clccted Senator from Pennsylvania. Hon. Daniel Webster, elected Senator from Massachusetts, in the room of Hon. ltufus j Choate, whose term expired. The Senators then present vveie, from Maine. — Hon. George Evuns, and Hon. John Fairfield. New Hampshire—lion. CharlesG. Athei ton and Hon. Levi YY^oodhury. Vermont.—lion. Samuel S. Phelps, and Hon. William Upham. Massachusetts. —Hon. Daniel Webster. Rhode Island. —Hon. Albert C. Greene,! and Hon. SimmcSns. Connecticut.—lion. Jabez W. Hunting ton and Hon. John M* Niles. New York. —Hon. Daniel S. Dickinson Sr Hon. John A. Dix. Pennsylvania.—Hon. James Buchanan A lion. David Sturgeon. New Jersey.—Hon. Wm. L. Dayton, and Hon. Jacob YV. Miller. Delaware/— Hon. Thomas Clayton, and I Hon. J. M. Clayton. Maryland. —Hon. Ilevcrdy Johnson. Virginia.-—lion. Wm. S. Atelier. North C vrolina—Hon. Wm. H. Harwood and Hon. Willie P. Mungam. J S. Carolina.—Hon. Daniel E. Ilutre- an i Hon. George McDuffie. " “ Georgia.—Hon. John M. Berrien and Hon Walter T. Colquitt. * Alabama.— Hon. ArthurP. Bagby & j(o Dixon 11. Lewis. D * Louisiana—Hon. Alexander Barrow Hon. Henry Johnson. Mississippi.—Hon. Jesse Speight and lion j Robert J. Waller. “* Arkansas.—lion. Chester Ashley &, U on Ambrose 11. Sevier. Kentucky.—Hon. John J. Crittenden and Hon. Jas. T. Morehead. Missouri.—Hon. David R. Atchinson and lion. Thomas H. Benton. Illinois.— Hon. Sidney Breese and lion, James Semple. Indiana. —Hon. Edward A. Hannegan. Ohio.—Hon. William Allen and Hon. T Corwin. Michigan. —Hon. Lewis Cass and Hon William Woodbridge. Tennessee.—Hon, Spencer Jarnagin. 47. Two absent, viz: Uon. Isaac C. Bates of Massachusetts, and lion. James A. Pearce of Maryland. Three vacancies, viz: Virginia, Indiana and Tennessee. * There were also present the Judges of the Supreme Court, in their robes, the members of tbeex cabinet, and the diplomatic corps. At half past 11 o'clock, the Hon. Okorge M. Dallas Vice-President elect of the United States, wag introduced by the Committee of Arrangements, aud, being dulv sworn by the President protein „ took the chair as President of the Senate, pursuant to the constitution of the Uuiied States, and addressed the Senate as follows l Se nators : In directing the Vice President to preside l* the deliberations of this body, the constitution of our coun try assigns to him a sphere and a duty alike eminent and grateful. Without any of the cares of real power ; with none of the responsibilities of legislation, except in ra e conjunctures, he is associated with the dignified delegates of republican sovereignties ; lie is posted by the entire Ame rican people in your confederated council, partly, it would seem, as an organ of freedom’s fundamental principle ot’ order, ami pardy, perhaps, as a mere symbol of that more popular and ‘more perfect Uiion, * on which depend the blessings of our peace, independence, and liberty. His mission, tranquil anti unimposing, is yet noble in its origin and objects, and happy as well as proud iu its relations to you. No one, gentlemen, can appreciate more highly or re* cognise more deferentially, than does the incutnfent of this chair, the powers, privileges, and rules or forms of the Senate of the United States. To maintain these, unimpair ed and unrelaxed, he feels it to be an official duty, second, i impressive t bligation, only to bis con litutionul ollegi! ance. To their exercise the republic owes incalculable good; and through them has been graduuily achieved a wide-spread fame for wi«dotn, justice, moderation, and effi. cicncy, unsurpassed by any assemblage r.f statesmen in for mei or present times. A calm and well adjusted system of action in this chamber, carefully devised and steadily pur sue'! by those who have preceded us in it, has indeed large ly contributed to the undoubted success of our great politi cal experiment. Instability, haste, procrastination, dhcour tesy, and indecision habitually discountenanced and ban ishe 1, leave, in undisturbed supremacy here, the powers of enlightened reason, a id the vigor of practical patriotism. Our country reaps thence solid and substantial advantaged in her policy, institutions, prospects, and renown. e The citizen whom it has pleased a people to elevate Uy their suffrages from the pursuits of private and domestic life, tniy best evince his grateful sense of the honor thus cm I erred, by devoting his faculties, litoral and intellectual, resolutely to their service. This I shall do; yet with a diffi dence unavoidable to one conscious that almost every step jo bis appointed path is to him new and untried, ami sensib/e how dangerous a contrast must occur in the transfer of pow" ers from practised to unpractised hands. In observing? however, upou this floor, a number of those experienced ; ar and skilful statesmen on whom the nation justly looks with ! pride and reliance, I am assured that there can be but little 1 danger of public disadvantage from inadvertencies or mis takes, which their counsel may readily avert or rectify.— And thus, gentlemen, while aiming frankly and impartially, to exercise the functions of an accustomed station lathe spi rit of the rimstituthn, for the enlarged and lasting pm pise* of a revered country, and with sincere good will towards all I may cherish the encouraging hope of being a* le, with the assent of au indulgent Providence, at ence to perform my duty ami to attract yonr confidence. At forty minutes past 11 o'clock the Hon. James K. Polk* President eVrt of the United Stales, accompanied by the ex- Uresideot of the United States, the Hon. John Tyler, was intnduced by the committee of arrangements, and. having bowed to the assembled Senate, took his seat in front of the desk of the Secretary of the Senate. At live minutes before 12 o’c'oek.tbe assistant sergeant a* arms of the. Senate named the order of procession from the Senate chamber to the platform ot the east front of the Capitol, and the procession formed and proceeded accor dingly. ns !Vd nws: The Marshal of the District of Columbia; l he Supreme Court of the United States; The Sergeant at-orms of the Senate; The Committee of arrangements; The President elect,ex-Presidents, die Vice President and Secretary of the Senate; The members of the Senate; The J.) ploinalic Corps; The Mayors of Washington, Georgetown, ami Alexan dri.i, and the oilier persons before admitted on the floor of the Senate. On reaiJiinjr the front of the portico, the Presiilent elect, : ttn-l Chief Justice, took the seats provided for them. The ex-Presidents, the Committee of arrangements, iiwf Associate Justices of the Hopreme Court, occupied a posi j lion several feet in the rear of the President elect. The Vice Pre .idem. Secretary, ami Members of the Sen { ate.occupied parallel lines next in rear. The Diplomatic Corps occupied the next position; and the space immediately in the rear was assigned to the late Hpewte?. Clerk, and Members of the Senate anti House ot i Representatives. 1 lie Ladies, and such persona as, l»y the rules of the Sea* - nte, and arrangements of the committee, were admitted I within the Senate chamber, occupied the steps and the re- Isidue of the portico. The Pres : Uent elect then read the following ADDRESS: ' Fkli.oyv-CitizlNß :—Without solicitation on my part, 1 | have been chosen by the free anu voluntary suffrages of my countrymen to the most honorable and most responsible ol i Mce on earth. 1 am deeply impressed Y*ith gratitude t*»r the confidence reposed in me. Honored with this distin guished consideration at anjearlier period of life than any of ; my predecessors, Jcannot disguise the diffidence with which I am about to enter on the discharge of my official duties. If the more aged and experienced men who have tilled : the office of President of die United States, even in the in i fancy of the repubiic, distrusted their ability to discharge I the duties of that exalted station, what ought n 4 to he die | apprehensions of one so much younger and less ei»do*e<, I now that our domain extends from ocean to ocean, that our J people have so greatly increased in numbers, and at a titne when so greui diversity of opinion prevails in regard to die I principles and policy which should characterize the admin* istratlon of our government? Well may the boldest fear, and the w isest tremble, when incurring responsibilities on ! w hich may depend our country’s peace and prosperity, and, in some degree, the hopes and happiness of the whole nu- In assuming responsibilities so vast, I fervently invoke the aid of that Almighty ltuler of the universe, in whoso hands are the destinies of nations and of tnen, to guard inis heaven-favored land against the mischiefs whicn, without llis guidance, might arise from an unwise public policy. With a firm reliance upon the wisdom of Omnip'tsnce sustain and direct me in the path of duty which 1 am fjj pointed to pursue, 1 stand in the presence of this •■■Jj®® , multitude of iny countrymen to take upon myself t « emn obligation, “ to the be; t of my ability, to preserve, p tect, and defend the constitution.of the Unitecl A concise enumeration of the principles whicn wi g line in the adrainistiotive policy of the government, is only in accordance with the examples s e * ,ne a decessors, but is eminently befitting tl oiccasion. The constitution itself, plainly written as ills. guard of our federative compact, tho offspring ° co and compromise, binding together in the bonds o P union this great and increasing family of free and dent States, will be the chart by which 1 shall *> j n Ifwill be my first care to administer the 8 0TI ‘ eri the true spirit of that instrument, and io assume no p not expressly granted or 'dearly implied in ( "‘ ,jj" e( i an J government of the United Slates is one of % dear* limited powers; and it is by a strict adherence “^ icise „(■ ,Jy granted powers, and by abstaining from 1 , doubtful or unauthorized implied powers, that* , orm . • uly sere guarjnty against the j eeurrf *!’ e i .°, * t i lor :t sa. note collisions between the federal ,if which have ocoaslonsltr so much diaturbed ofour g|o our system, and even threatened the perpetu y rious Union. be* n •To the States respectively, or to tbe p* P. ' .‘« uteß br reserved “the powers not delegated to the E' „ g, c h the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the of re . flute is a complete sovereignty w"hin_ the P in „ w ith. served powers. The government of te ’ g com p|ete in the sphere of its delegated authority. houl(J abstain sovereignty. While the general govern.' ™ j dto from the exercise of authority n .°l ,** nfaimenaace the States should be equally careful * f , e[S re ef their rights, they do not overstep the limn served to them. One of the most distinguished decesaors attached deserved importance w mos i com the State governments in all their rtgou. >n(J ,beso petent administration for our domestic ro / s .. , n d to rest bulwark against anti-repubbcan tea it while the "preservation ol the general 8° r peace constitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor ot V home, and safety abroad. intrust- To the government of the Vnhe6 lß'>»“> * s De ed the exclusive management of oar tore ?r5 It wind that, it wields a few general enume [ ndi ,idosls. due. not force reform on the »«•'•«■ J"" enl i,ely free to over whom it casta its protecting ,nt,uen f ' r «srcis« cf improve them own condition by the pro all their mental and physical po**"™- “ „„„ who #»*• tec l»r of each •«»<! nil «h« States ;of hirl j,. of every upon our soil, wh.ther of native m relopuui seel, in their worst*tp of the f i