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THE DANIELSVILLE MONITOR BEKIIY TANARUS, MOSELEY, Editor. VOL XII. 'Hie Entire Stock of Merchandise of uvx* "Vowr-oassE*. jtjenac, oq. Is in the hands of a Receiver to be closed out at what it will bring. No rese3|||l Everything in the house must be sold to satisfy the "creditor sand must be sc|l at once . . Wit Of® •'te $T 1 £>" fit- ‘Sf W Cfe la* 1 E ,<Tb cl! 4a It. fsgS 4r i. FinE Seasonable goods at Cost, three-fourths Cost, h-.if Cost, and any price jr.; order to turn them into money at once. rm ffa gn&j gjj W.|p ro, 4ss ' A; ' U km-'Cfe #*’ ~ s ■ ~ •** HjL Ml Iftrfi 1 Salt? jLa I ml© <t*a. lilm <£&. in tkit k*tis* whioh ba w*n u mink suluiiml atdmir.d'Vy all wg liar# seeu them will ba said iff.! ill le of theivf value, No liner Stoek of CoUmLuid Rl.sok J.>rcs (SooJ* was ever brought to this inurkdt. llffi this hoa*e there i* a big stock of Cloaks, Jackets aad caps • 1 ] that mast go at any price, also Shawls, Blankets, Comforts and Maisrifies Spreads. A big stock oil Factoiyjgoods, such as Joans Cassitr.sres, Flannels, Tickings, S hiitings, Hirelings, TANARUS; backings and Cambrics. 5 . A big stock of Notions, Corsets, Gloves, Hosiery, • • .Bfim Handkerchiefs, Underwear and Thousands of NDVeKlcslnsmall wear. A big slock of Gents’ Furnishings. Shirto. Hnderwoar, collars cuffs, nsek-woar, liightshiils, btudkcn-bisfs, glovos and umbrellas. Tbo closing out sals will begin Monday Moraing Dec 10t!i, and cou.iaucs from day to day uati-1 everything in tho house is sold. And as it i* an a siness sale, liotbiug can be sold x for spot cash. A . WW COMMISSIONER NESBITT’S TALL •- Regriiar Month'y Letter to the Farmers of Georgia. THE EXPOSITION AH 9 THE PEOPLE the Uso of M:innren and Fertilisers—T he D;'f>th of Flowing mill Length of Corn Hoots—i'anuers’ Institute* anil Otiior Points of IntercMts .Sngj'euteU—Matters of Great Importance. DePARTSIENT OF AORICULTtTRE, Atlanta, Jan. 1, 1895. Wirli the tlose of 1894 and the be ginning of 1895 the farmer finds him self confronted by conditions which have been gradually approaching for years, hut which he has until the pres ent. time failed to fa ly perceive or ap preciate, and flow that the hard reality, with all its depressing influence; Ims confi-, we find him almost overwhelmed by the difficulties surrounding him. An oversmoked cotton market, starvation prices, financial depression, general stagnation, such are the main points of the situation. But, notwithstanding .this discouraging outlook, ’conditions are not hopeless. It is not yet too late to retrieve our past errors. One most hopeful sign is the fact that farmers as a rule are more fully alive to these past mistake.; and are more anxiously peuk ' ing for the proper remedies -than any i time since the high price of cotton al | lured us into false methods. Another fact which temp :s the pres ent hard reality is that, except in rare cases, farmers have bread and moat for another year, and the price of those uecessaries, which they have to buy, is also correspondingly low. Let us, therefore, take courage, and work out our agricultural emancipation. Forti fied with home supplies, and with the . light of experience to warn us away from past quicksands and pitfalLs, there is no reason why we should again XaU into them, or why we should not free ourselves once and for ail time from an agricultural policy which lias brought us to the verge of ruin.. It is not by any very sudden or radical reforms that we hope to do this. Over a very large area cotton must remain tho chief money crop, to abandon its culture would bo the height of folly. Luc we must adapt oursc.ives to changed condi tions. We must, no longer allow cotton to occupy the pivotal point around which all the other operations of mo form reyoive. Lot home supplies taka that place and cotton will naturally fall into line at the head of perhaps, half a dozen other sources from which one may reasonably expect to realize a good interest. Elsewhere in this report is published by request the set of resolutions .intro duced by tho committee on agriculture and passed by a unanimous vote of tho present house of representatives of the Georgia legislature. Ir is an appeal not only to tlie farmers, but to bird ness men of all classes, and has met with al most universal endorsement. These 'resolutions tiiso furnish a practical guide for fatuu operations for the coming year, and emphasize with peculiar force the advice so often given through ibis department; to plant largely ol a 11 foo l crops in field and garden; to keep our money at home by trading among our selves, tho merchants and townspeople , encouraging tlic raising of hone; sup plies by buying from ns, rather lima sending outside the state for s.u'bi things as they need, and which wo have for sale; thejuanafn: fur not only of our cotton, but of our wo. ms, Lag gies, farm implement*, sum;; and iur jii! are, for all ol which wo have the raw material, with wider, powers and climate unrivaled. In other words, to IpVac'ice diversity of in in ti. • in town as well as on the farm. As to tho ’ use of COMMERCIAL FEJ:'i'IUZi::;'S, we repeat what wo have said in the Southern Cultivator; “I have recently been much inter ested in an'hire, tigat-ion, which I have been carefully conducing, in ,rd r to find out the average yield per acre of tho various staple cro; ; ra; •• -d in •. cor gi a, ami also to a-e -rtain whether in the use of commercial fertilizer.; we have been permanent];,* building up our lands, or have only been supplying food for the immediate demands of the crops, leaving the future to take care of itself. This question is one of deep in terest, involving as it does the very foundation of our agricultural pros perity. “In England atfrl on the continent the system of .agriculture adopted not only prevents deterioration and ex haustion, "but keeps steadily in view the improvement of the land and the in crease in the yield. Tlmt this is re asm i for Madison oouwpy and tiie democratic-party. DANIELSVILLE, MADISON COUNTY,- GA., THURSDAY, JAN. i Ith. 189). abie agriculture is evidenced by more than one fact and sustained by the united experience of her whole farming population. Foremost among tho reas ons in its favor Is the fact that a large yield entails scarcely more labor than a small yield. ?n our section where lands are so cheap and where labor is the principal item of expense", this is a mo-b important consideration. “In tiie investigation just referred to, I have had access to tho best compila tion of statistics obtainable, and i re gret to say t’nit these statistics show no material improvement in the general av -rages throughout tlie state. This is not as it should be. Georgia lands are noted for their susceptibility to im provement. and exceptional cases,of in tensive farming but prove this to be true. . “We have used commercial fertilizers with lavish prodigality, but that tlioir use has hot been tempered by judg ment, those results undoubtedly show.” On which the Southern Planter com menting says; “How strongly confirmatory is tho foregoing of what Mr. Bellwood said in our last issue upon the same subject, and of what we have been ; aying for so long. There can be no permanent im provement of land and no retained and enhanced fertility witaout. live stock and the liber il use of ail the farmyard manure which can be nyide. Given th;.; fir t, then commercial .fertilizers way be profitably used, but never to the excli: : > : o£ farmyard manure.” We nave ahv lys maintained t hat the wonderful power of commercial fertili zers is but faintly compr h aid ad by those wh >se misfortune it has h-.en to 1 misapply them. Ath nghtfni man can nor, expect to improve hi; land with commercial fertilizers alone. Th com mon practice of unking in a hundred or two pounds to the aorj on laud des titute of iwiuii.;, is a mittake, and has p . riti( r t hau a b in j. Bur fili the land with humus by turning under vegetable matter, by careful ro tation, by mailing and conserving all home manure possible, and the profita ble use of conijnercia! fertilizers will be limited only by the amount we are able tobuy. Tiie ini dig -lit use of tin -e ie: .z-rs uwidi-.s one to <p; to plant renovating crop.;; to raise and im prove sloes. and k op more of it; to make a hundred per cent, more of home manures, and to double the producing capacity of labor, now our most exuen sivo item. Injudicious and careless methods are worse than n-eiess. Unless intelligent care mark; its use, it entire ly fails to feed either the crop or tho laud, and nothing is more dangerous to the crop; ami more depleting to the farmer’s pocket titan heavy amounts of comm ircutl fertilizer rdbkles-.sly and in discriminately applied to our worn and exhausted soils. 1I AN.YI.XU FOR-AXOTTLJU YI'.AU. Take an inventory of year suopliesin band and decide as to tho number of slock you car food without buying sup plies. Don't decide t hat as you have ample sup one i it will pay yon to buy stock ©i* credit to ealar.M your ojasra tiou, or'thui. cam is cheap now, it will pry you to risk buying more, corn for more stock. K“t p out of debt except for the absolute necessities. Don't moke your plans on the supposition of a short crop and higher pric. s—wuicii arp sub ject to a sctai! of deciding infinoucus of jvhiph we have ao kuowWlg •. Trut this snbj ci from a purely business standpoint, and by care. and foresight placo-your inymiug operations on a firm basis. Consider what have been your pro tits or iosaes in the par. what unde? favorable crop >• ■ eons would be u fair yield, ‘unyp t m ipso 'ii yours rtf o.#ty inch olpm-n duns as nnd *r avoV.lge con* ditwvis wit! give you it fair margin of pru.it. *■ VIT/Sa. 5? Cl 'uicViVi aim tiiiifj mtficuiti'.H, and having m ipp-cd o i.r hie wolie is nr p uvd,o> - take udv.aut dt every ■favJbtfiSe op-' port unity to past* it: forward. •a - - Ev)V/j'vii oivr.s. . If tl’a-ivfpjisite wa'outit vru-t not put iu during.me full, sow any fnvomble -sp'd bi'ttv :'a thialn.d h'S. miry, tcvowD nip; to locality. It* th > sea-ions hit, very fine 6rdn(t*ol!fen nv.r.lt, and if thr oats are kifliu t'uo laud- is_rtili left in !•.. ; coiplttxn ;fbr other .sncceodiinj' oropts ] 'Led th/iijsl&vyVturn over any staVUeor i woecV'or stdf land, lvnutiuberbig ' tl|o ••pmeuatioa to turn each furwyfe' oTily pnvily over, which pirn allows,An- the ! irosi (o act inoTe 4ii\*o lyAipou-rrie-vuge- j table m liter null order elements,pipd Avhcu Uie sidrscipuMit plowing is tlobe, j tlirs vee •table' nionld baaopnv. more thoroughly d.\ed with tho soil, in tend fof remaining in a layer at the bottom of the furrow. Thu iinp ns.sueo of good i PJjOWQl'ft • . £'' ! : etnoiJf bn ovcresiiinatod. By good piowing is niornt rhai which will best subserve the ends which.wo have in view, among others to lay up a,.t-.tore of moisture for future nso; to Soonro bot ter drainage; to prevent Wa .hiilg; to ' -promota'tbo action of the atuioaphera on the vygecabie and minorai matters in the. soil. It will thus’ lie uu Icr.stood that different qualities Of land require different, treatment, apd also that situ ation and environment ' must exercise a deciding iritbionoo as ta the time of -. plowing, the •kind of • plow ami tlw (tenth k> bo broken. . fcilbi jjiaj Mi#-, -Vo < V lh i Sl'fM go bn as long as Hut weather permits, and if a subsoile.r follow each plow we are taking long odds against injury from drouth next summer. I: is only by producing larger crops from smaller, better prepared and better cultivated areas that wo can hope for agricultural success. When we have leariD'd this, and also to work up these products in o higher forms —milk, butler, beef, p irx, cluck eus, eggs, etc., thus carrying off as lit tle fertility as possible, w.i will begin to realize that farming pays. COMPOST lIEAIM. Gather up 'ail the manure and scra pings of stable aad yard, and compost with the utmost, care. 'J’ue greatest fault of the tanner is procrastination. These and other import nut mat: era an delayed until they have to be hurriedly aml carelec !y accomplish and, aid ciie farmer loses the opportunity of huccoss fully pushing his work, for when lie finds'it pushing him it is then tea 1-un to consider detail;. When the weather does not permit the plows to run. the teams cannot be better employed t'*n.i in gathering up these ier;i;iv;ii>g ma terials. Unfortunately on many farms their hidden power of making money has not boon fully appreciated, -Often the manure is allowed to accumulate in tin Sables until it becomes a mjnace to tho" health of the animals, whkw are com pelled to br • itiie its poisonous funi-s, and then it is thrown in a heap at (be door, to lrav its best element; wa-lied away by the water from the roof. And yet farmers lament rim they need luore manure, and spend thousands ia commercial fertilizers. J:i of this r port is an article containing several good reiyuus why commercial fertilizers and barn yard manure should bo inixbd. tho ope supplementing the other, us it were. There are also formu las for mixing fertilizers at home, which for several reason; is the wisest plan. Among the most 'important, reasons in favor of le-ine mixing, as Stated t>y the Unit- I State; depart ment of agn.-ultiira arc reduction in expense, a definite knowledge of the nature ol the puiut food employed, tho preparation of mix'urns snicbd to spe cial needs of soil or crop, the indirect edueatio ia! advantage;, b •causa it will Aembtium to u.ly and apply the ro agricultural r -search. It T. Nesbitt. The Home Tribune!, pul* it thus: “Better timet are before us, with in the grp of the heart attuned for their welcome. Let us prep are by hotter lives for tetter tiroes, and for better brighter days Ivy brighter dispositions. Let us set. a light in the window for returning prosperity and make mirth and mu sic to his coming. And it the doleful sorcerer of woes and bow \ows breaks in Jpioii our festivity -let’s seize hirn aud hold him un - tier the pump! Wo must as ab -.‘•hitely frown upon th** chronic malcontent, the croaker and the Jonah of the period, omnipresent and lamentably plural, as in com mon precaution we should he bound to strike a viper from our daily path. Claude Long now works in th© Monitor job department. QUESTIONS' ANSWGREO Relative -Vain s of Hot.® Ma nn: es a..cl Fe.illizefs. r.OIH AIE STEONfili , r jU?PjETnD. TANARUS! Ins itfl) i { nc.y rf 'tltn Jlouf' Pro I net. ForiCps Mjvoy .> 11... t?>:' Ot!.r—l>iir.vli; :in<) tin Iw'Riirl l. *:c * of JuiUnloti.t Fued iujj—.!.• V.-j* .• iWnt l*i:iu for Snvinjf uu l* i’rliWi tins D:trwutaKST <•> • Aouiorr-Tvan, Asi..v.-. r a , Jan. I, l '>>. QiTsrvoh’ pty Uw w t. u rljl j y or ,va<* yi|| : rSwHtis to ".pwitidds, but tWo Sociiding of ,|lus puesh'-gi, Iflio. so many oth ’ eEs'iu fawn :\yg, depends in ft large-do gr;V dn mi Uv In.Mpon lit!ons,aud cmvi rohmunt. tJudouhtedly wliftfo both In we to be bought, qsmmumal fefttli /.rm yiel-.l it b-qror return oh tho smite amount this the home manure, but if a !/jtfawr is so ■et'i.rto.l that ha can fdad ! idsstoak for in.lk, butt *r, cluw.so and I hour, ho can, r tlvo sanio time,, produoo , mftiiurss.siv ih > iiighcist value, and thus Utilise, every product of tho farm to tho very best advantage. It is oil tuo same principle that the small utorbhant, I by sidling on a strictly cash bads, is 'en abled to to gpliti capital over and over, and realize .. larg :*int.oca;* on a mmail er investment thaw his more wealthy neighbor who takes the risks of long time and doubtful e dleol Lons. • Wo hayo always.maintain:;.l tlv:ifc tuo uo of farm yard ua-i'aur • an-1 fortilizors should go hand in hand. lit confirmation of this position iho following frohr Professor Brouk’a, of Amruftt Agricultural col-, lege, is and complete. The whole quiHtvm 33 laost intcrosting, as . well as important, an l farmers should lose no opportunity of gaining informa tion from every source which may shod light upon, it. Professor Brooks-a ajar. ■“■ 'a read or hoar language which would load one to think that in tlie minds of same thoro exist; a notion that there ia something of a, conflict be tween in inures and fertilizers. This is far from my idea upon this question. It is clearly the part of wisdom," first, to mako the utmost of homo resources. There may be crips or there may be 4 soiis or fields for which, uuder certain circumstances, it is preferable to use fertilizers rather than manures; and, of course, when one must purehaso tiio elements of fertility it is an Important question whether they can bo more cheaply obtained in manure or fertil izer, and I believe tho decision must be in favor of the latter; but those facts really indicate no necessary conflict be tween the two clashes of materials. There is clearly room enough for both. Upon most of our farms the supply of manure is insufficient. The majority of farmers use some fertilizer. It is generally wise for the ordinary crop of the farm to use the.-;:) in connection with each other, rather than separately. The physical effect of the manure is generally desirable, and cannot bo ob tiriuo Iby tho use of fertilizers. It pre vent; in a manure tho cohesion of the particles in heavy clay and thus lessens the probability of baking and cracking, and it seems to increase the capacity of the lighter soils for moisture. The con stituents of manure* arc also in many cases less promptly available than in fertilizers. It is dosiHklo to employ the latter to give th > Crop a quick start. And finally, the manure is more com plete in its composition than the fertil izer. Tiia inamiro replaces, at least in part, th) si '.o’ . magnesia, silica, etc,, removed in cro >;, while most fertilizers do not. We hi iy, it is true, raise crops for many yjar.i by supplying tho three clem nts, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and p gasll (in •idnaially in.inis applied with tho p’iiosphaio). JVrv-s and <lii!> -rt have raised wheat 50 c.-m-ioeu! ive years on ciis saute land ' on inuiiionia salts, Huperphotphatu and ! Bulpliat s of p aftd at the present time tin' yie and it nearly it ; gmat oil this ■ laud as ou that which ha-; mteivod 14 ton* y.triy of farmyard manure for the ! same length of time; but the yield on the fertilisers now begins to show a tendency to fall off, and dtli'TO can bo up doubt that the more complete coin position of tho manure is proving an advantage. Of course, in such mate rials as common salt, sulphate of mag nesia, etc., we may replace, if consid ered desirable, tho soda, magnesia, etc., carried off in tho crops, but even such roplaimnont would Rave ut without the physical effect of manure—an effect which we may, it is true, in part secure by turning in a gr.u crop. Undpr many systems of cropping, however, green manuring is inexpedient. QuiitmoN 2.—lu view of the present • interest in dairying. I would like to ask how much manure cm bo expected from each cow? From careful reading on this subject, J conclude that the main profit is in tho manure, wh eh if prop ; erl” hind!- and, "i* to increase tho for- EI)\Y. McCiQWAN, liesiNK## Masaukk. tilfty of the funu. " • Answru 3 —Recent experimonts have •shown that a medium sized, well fed cow will produce 14,d ll pounds of solid amt G.4H pounds liquid manure in a year, or about 12 1-2 tons. This does . not include the weight of any-uiiisor* bant which may be used to l*e'>' r -ora- . serve the ma- ure. tVhcn the fit~>qer re iliz ss mat vli|H 13 1 3 tons coutaiiis'b? per card of tho l'ortil /.mg value of flid food consumed, tiu irtityea qf cioos fu. ding, and at saving this bta-> nure so as to put back on his laivl as! much as po csiblo of this 80 per cunt, of plant foo 1; is olearly seen. ‘g r-irics n.--What is tir: vi rv best. o'-" •i'v.in away, and ' is cover Mi, \v 1 it.v-,, as pvrfcot cep *dao!o - nhein ■ h and sinflMßMljs. vestmuht p r. s for in cost sov'rif t over in the s iving of elcmtuiif wi ic wqstid. In our own. expeu|mH we have found that a spit, whidh Tpp have had dug just at tho badp of the : stable, tho clay fiejor mado pdrf|Hß hard and shaltered by a- close rod® an* sv, its every |. ;rp.i- . Into this pit th maimro is easily thrown through 1 tluf buck stable door, and if carefully and : ■ closely-packed and on oach layer a lit tle kainit, phosphate or plaster be bpdnklcd, a comparatively small amount, oertninly not more than 5 to 10 per cent of tho fertilizing properties, will escape. • • ft Question 4.—What of our formers’ instiiutcs, nud do you think they have harp done any good or will bo of any benefit to farmers? Answru 4.—The question of farmers’ institutes does not seem to liav i taken very firm hold on tho agricultnr.il mind in’Georgia. If properly conducted there can be no -doubt of their benefit. In some of tho older states they have be come powerful factors for adorning knowledge and for a gc/nrnl improve* inent coached*. The "jPavbi and Home says: * Now that th > liavvott season is over and state and county fairs have been hold, our readers should get in readi ness to attend in larger numbers, farm ers’ institutes and nil meetings of so cial and educational interest. It i: true that in many secti ms crop; or prie w, perhaps in a few pine as Ixith, have been unsatisfactory. No good can follow mourning and bewailing. Tlie merch ant who dec; not keep steadily pushing ahead soon finds himself in tlie rear of tlie procession Ju.t so with the farm er. Now is tho time to instill n little ginger into farm operations by a broad ening of tin intellect. Study the com mercial features of your business as well as the cultural. Having determined what crops to raise, plan to raise them most economically, yet by modern, im proved methods, as such a ft) invariably cheaper in tho end. In many states, an elaborate system of institute work is laid out and tho most successful farmers describe tlieir methods. In nearly all states tho pro fessors of the agricultural college at tend and talk from tho scientific stand point. Tims the practical and scientific are offered at tho same meetings. Pre quout hot discussions follow which are invaluable to attendants. Theso meet ings, wo regret to say, are not always looked at in the right light. They are not field for money making, but for the good that can be done apj c I’ture' that tho methods may be improved and the work Auptified in tho section where tho institute is held and that tho indi vidual farmer may benefit by tho expe rience of those more successful than himself. We hope readers will shake off ft cling; o’ indifference., attend these molding ', inquire concerning points of interest not clearly understood and eu those soine of the dull minds into a reality as to the pleasures, beauties and profits of tho noblest occupation of man. If instil nt is are not held in tho coun ty, we earn--,I ly recommend each reader to write to the director of the state ag ricultural experiment station of his state and secure free the annual ropofts and bulletins of the station. These are sent free, when applied for, to each resident of the state where the station is located. With fewer hours of labor winter season, no better use can be made of mind, body and time than to make oneself better informed as to tho needs and requirements of his chosen occupation. I IVfC Agent wanted for tt-w book, IbBVC Splendid teller. Hare oppor tuiiity for nny active man or lady. s7t per moiitli ensile earned. ISo expe rience Paß we give Glass I full niructions. We pay etprex and allow 20 dove credit. |.et us tell von about it. P. W. SSOS£SS£WANTIED ir ratm baQM Aenm% BMtr.tAtk IRON HttbAb. & vrlil crux® you cltaiw® your utn •sm r aeon aDpeitto. NO. 27.