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stATWEipas Monday, dul'vj t, ■j it . columns of * The ~r e open tu the free discussion of j.o iiticiil opinions, when couched m lan „ua{re neither personal or abusive. As we do not intend our paper to be the instrument of any faction or party h(lt .. o pen to all and influenced by none/’ communications not corres pondin'! with our sentiments will often 1 find room ill it, that our readers may “ hear the argument on both sides, and then judge.” We publish one to-day from ‘‘A citizen of Bibb county,” on a subject that we thought long since exhausted. It was the subject of news paper discussion for some months — then of judicial investigation : it un derwent a thorough examination be fore a committee ; and finally (we thought) ended in a legislative vote of censure. We hope the writer will be satisfied with having his views of it, in the present communication, laid be fore the public, and that here it may rest- FOURTH OF JULY. The 47th anniversary of our coun try’s Independence was celebrated by the citizens of this place and Macon on Friday last. At dawn of day a sa lute of three guns was fired. At 11 o’clock they attended in the block house at the Fort, where the Declara tion of Independence was read by J. P. Booth Esq. and an appropriate and elegant oration delivered by C. J. Mc- Donald, Esq. The citizens then re paired to Macon, where a dinner had been prepared for them in an arbour on the public square. Dr. JBird was appointed President, and R. Coleman, Esq. Vice President for the day. Al ter the cloth had been removed, the following toasts were drank accompa nied by a national salute. 1. The day ice celebrate. 2. The Patriots of our Revolution. — Their example worthy the imitation of all, engaged in emancipating man from the shackles of either superstition or despotism. S. The memory of Washington. 4. The President of the U. States. — A Patriot in principle—consistent in conduct—the honor and prosperity of the nation his principal object. 5. The surviving Presidents of the United States.—A grateful country will never forget their services. 6. The remaining Soldiers of the Revolution. —Peace ami honor to their grey hairs: In every heart may they find gratitude, and fheir last feeble steps never lack support. 7. Yturbide. —May the fate of every American Emperor be that of her first. 8. Jtgricultrre , —The most ancient honorable, and independent avocation of men. 9. La Fayette, and other foreign he roes of our Revolution. —May the gra titude due to them never cease glow in the bosoms of the American people. 10. The State of Georgia. —Rich in resources, with genius to direct. 11. The Minions of the Holy Alli ance— the invaders of Spain. —With them, may the hope of return never be realized. 12. Our Navy. —lt has taught the nations of the earth the respect due to Ireemen. 13. The Fair Se.r. —The loveliest work of Heaven—the greatest comfort on earth—their smiles constitute both the hope and reward of all our exer tions. It gives os pleasure in closing this notice to mention a Juvenile Celebra tion of the youth of this place and its vicinity. An appropriate address ot Considerable length was delivered by one ot them, at the house of M r. Wells, iu a manner that would have done hon our to riper age. They partook ot a dinner, after which a regular set of toasts were drank, and a number of volunteers. Throughout the day their conduct was highly creditable. We cannot but approve the principle of Youth, thus early, acting parts calcu lated to raise their minds above their years, and inspire them with senti ments ol patriotism and love ol country. COMMUNICATED. Mr. Robertson —After the bicker ings and party animosities excited by a late act of the Executive of this State have measurably subsi ded, I hope it will be permitted me to show how far that act is in con formity with precedents fixed at an early period of our government. — I shall call your attention to a ques- tion decided before the origin of those parties, under the banners ol which, the people have since enlist ed themselves. It will be seen in Marshal’s Life of Washington, vol. 3, page 196. “In organizing the Department of the Executive (says the writer) the question in what manner the high officers who filled them, should be removable, came on to be discussed. Believing that toe decision of this question would materially inlluence the character ol the new government, the mem bers supported their respective opi nions with a degree of earnestness proportioned to the importance they attributed to the measure. 11l the committee of the whole house on the bill to establish an Executive Department to be denominated the “ Department of Foreign Affairs (now know n as the Department of State.) “ Mr. White moved to strike out the clause which declared the Secretary to he removeable by the President, thfc power ot removal when no express provision existed, was, he said, in the nature of things incidental to that of appointment. And as the Senate was by the con stitution associated with the Presi dent in making appointments, that body must in the same degree par ticipate in the power of removing them from office.” This motion was supported and argued at length by Mr. White the mover, Mr. Smith, Mr. Page, Mr. Stone, and Mr. jack son. The amendment was opposed bv arguments drawn both from the constitution and general conveni ence. On that part of the consti tution which rests the Executive power in the President they relied j principally for the support of the position. “No power, it was said, would be more completely execu tive in its nature than the removal from office.” After an ardent dis cussion for many days, (says the writer) adivision of the whole house was had when the motion was lost, thirty-four to twenty. Notwith standing the motion to strike out was lost it was yet considered by the house that their understanding of the constitution on this important point had rot been explicitly con veyed. For, to grant this power to the President by the Legislature implied also a right to withhold it. To express more fully the sense of the house on this subject, a motion was made to alter the clause so as clearly to imply the power of remo val to be in the President with no tice from the mover that if he should succeed in this, he would move to strike out the words in the bill which had been the subject matter of de bate. This motion was seconded by Mr. Madison, and both amend ments, says the writer, passed into a law, and has ever been consider ed as a full expression of the sense of the Legislature on this important point of the American Constitution. In the argument on this question it was contended and so admitted by the decision of the house that this right in the President was absolute ly necessary for the support of exe cutive authority. This precedent, as I stated before xvas fixed in the first Congress, after the formation of the American Government. It was decided after mature delibe ration in a Congress composed of the intelligence from all the states. It was the result of a thorough con viction of its necessity on the minds of men the most conspicuous for their virtue, wisdom, and patriot ism, the mutual conclusion of men, whose services in the revolutionary war, rendered them dear to the American people. It is also to be recollected that at the time this decision was had, to wit, in the year eighty nine the Ame rican Congress was entirely tree from those party feelings which have since distracted and divided the people of these states. Under this right conceded to the President as a necessary appendage of executive authority, Timothy Pickering was dismissed from the office of Secre tary of State by President Adams and John Armstrong from the De partment of War by President Ma dison. A Citizen of Bibb County. COMM UNI GATED. Mr. Editor —1 hope it will not be charged entirely to ill nature it I should for once notice a subject in as summary a way as it deserves; and as (I believe) your readers will wish to see it treated. Already has satire spent its shafts on it without effect, and it may be (for the same reasons) the lot of exhausted patience to boast of as iiitle success. I have for some i time noticed the numbers of a writer i in your paper under the signature of i * Censor,' 1 and must candidly confess ; that I have been wishing him to desist from the first; but so long as an occa sional column was merely thrown away upon him, I passed over it with litllc anxiety.—But the last number (exerci sing all possible charity) I must say has ( brought matters to worse than this. — The best have been bad enough, but lor this, I defy any newspaper reader to find a match in all his researches. It appears to me, Sir, that Mr. Ten sor has exhibited a great want of judg ment in three particulars: First, In his very injudicious choice of a subject: Second, In pursuing that subject to a very improper extreme : And third, When Critic & Cos. and Simon Jick daw had gained a complete victory l over him, that he did not discover it. 1 This last particular I strongly sus pected when l had read his first and second numbers, and since his last has come out, l am in no astonishment at, his former want of discernment. A man who will deal out nonsense bv the column about ‘apple-dumplings,’ ‘ an-, cles,’ and ‘jack-boots’—and talk of, exposing, &c. can hardley be expect ed to know when he is beaten in aeon test, or how to apply wholesome cor-] rection. 1 pity more than blame the man, because ; think be knows no bet ter. In hopes, however, that his “ weak and washy Hood of xvords” is exhaust- ’ ed, 1 wiil say no more. lam yours, &c. CIVIS. j I This day’s mail brings us Liverpool dates to the irtli May, Bayonne to the Bth, and Cadiz to the 3d. There has not been any fighting since our last dates. It is the calculation of the Duke of Angouleme to arrive at Mad rid on the 23d. The Spanish armies are organizing with spirit, and, no doubt will soon be able to contend with effect against the invaders. MASSACHUSETTS. The follow ing extracts from Dover ernor Eustis’ Speech to the Legisla- 1 ture of Massachusetts, will show in j what estimation a majority of the peo- j pie of that state hold the conduct of I their rulers during the late war with! Great Britain. We recommend it to. our readers as worthy their perusal,: and doing honor to the heart and tal ents of the republican of Y 6 who pen ned it. The change of political sentiment evinced in the elections of the present] year, forms anew era in the history of: this commonwealth. By the lree suf frages of her enlightened and indepen dent citizens, this ancient and respec table state is restored to the confidence of her sister states, and to lierj ust in-] i fiuence in the national councils. ! The long continued oposition to the ! federal government, but more especial j ly to the measures pursued in this state : I during the eventful and critical period j of the late war, the withholding from the General Government, the constitu tional means ot defence—the paraliz ing influence exercised over the agents ofthat government, which occasioned double sacrifice of life and treasure: while the citizens of other states were exerting their utmost energies against a common enemy.when a gallant army and navy w r ere covering themselves, with glory, retrieving, and establish ing on an imperishable basis the na tional character on the ocean and on the land—at this portentious crisis] when our liberties and independence were at hazard —an unhallowed spirit of party was permitted to prevail over the vital interests of the country —an authorised combination was formed, and meetings held in a neighbouring state, which, whatever may have been the professed object, had the certain effect of encouraging the enemy, ot discouraging and impairing the means and resources ol the country, and of alienating the minds ot the citizens from that “unity of government,” which, in the emphatic language of Washington, “ constitutes us one peo ple, is the main pillar in the edifice ot our real independence, the support of our tranquility at home, our peace abroad, of our prosperity, of that very liberty which we so highly prize.”— These measures and this course had cast a reproach on the good name ot the State, which is now disavowed and removed. Massachusetts is at length restored to the American family. Her character is redeemed in the estima tion of the patriots of our own coun try, and of every Statesman in Eu rope. The rising generation, who could have no agency in this disloyal course, appear to have taken an hon orable and an earnerst interest in its disavowal. That this is a just cause of joy and congratulation, will be admitted by all honest and independent minds, to whatever political party they may have been attached, by every one who takes an interest in the reputation of bis native state, who appreciates the virtue of his ancestors, who traces in the history of our glorious revolution, the dear bought fame of their descend ants, and w-ho values the precious le gacy which they have transmitted to posterity.” It is stated in the Augustine Her ald of the 7th inst. that the Florida Indians will meet Commissioners on the part of the U. States in the vicinity of that city on the sth of September next, with the view of concluding a treaty of amity arid li mits. Some satisfactory arrange ment is expected to he made with the Indian tribes who wander ovef that territory, by which they will he located within prescribed bounds sufficient for their purpose, anti which will assure to white settlers greater security against the intru sion or hostility of the savages. A meeting of the citizens of Ca hawba, was held on the 18th ult. for the purpose of taking into consi deration the propriety of connect ing the waters of the Tennessee and Mobile rivers, by a Canal. Stivannah Rep. The Planters of Baldwin County in this state, contemplate the for mation of an Agricultural Society, for which purpose a meeting was to I be held. \Ye hope the example , may be followed in every county in j the state ; the benefits of associa- J lions of the kind, wherever formed have been incalculable. OF THE MISSISIPri. A etter from Natchez of the 15th ult. states “ that all the hopes of the Louisiana planters arc destroyed. The lowlands are all under water : and, with but here and there a high ridge, this immeuse stream presents a,breadth of thirty miles. Immense crevices are bursting the levees below, which strike terror i into the planters all along the coast. | The overflow, it is apprehended, ! will be as great as in 1815. Crops j are pretty generally abandoned.— j The destruction among the cattle, 1 the deer, and the inhabitants of ! the forest generally, will be great. — As the water approaches, they take refuge upon the highest points they can find, until, surrounded and famished, they sink down and (perish. Families flying from this ; irre si stable evil, present a inelan ! cboly sight.” From New Orleans. —Accounts from New Orleans of the Ist ult. (state that the waters of the Missis sippi continue high and had broken through the levee in several places. 1 The cotton market was brisk, but • without any improvements in price. Freights were declining. A letter from Baton Rouge, of the 13th May, says—“ There are five crevasses or breaches in the Levee, through which the Missis sippi pours at a rapid rate, to the destruction of the farms on which they are, and it is feared of those j adjoining. The swamps must soon become filled, and a general over flo w take place, at the surface is by ! several feet higher than the low ‘lands bordering on the Missisippi,; from which are made the greatest part of the exports of this state.” Sav. Georgian. It is calculated that one thousand persons at least have been thrown out of employ by the burning of the steam saw mill at Darien. The U. S. mail has lately been rob bed by a Postmaster at Sinking Spring, Ohio. He has been arrested, and is now in prison. <> COTTON. Nexv-York, June 14. Cotton has risen so rapidly within the two last days, that it is impossible for us to give accurate questions.— Sales were made yesterday at an ad vance of 15, 20, and in some instances, 30 per cent on the sales of last week. There is very little upland to be had at less than 12 cents, while the chief sales of the two last days were at 12.] a 13(1, and a very considerable sale ol Upland was made at 15 cts. Holders 1 of Louisiana are stiff’, at 16 al 7 cents. Savannah, June 21. The stock of cotton on hand for sale * is reduced so much, that the transac tions during the past week have been very limited. Prime Uplands have been sold at 14 ; other qualities at pi o 1 portionate prices. Vomul, V SADDLE and BRlDLE—apply at this office, July 7. 16 GiWespie Blvdsonst 1 h) HAVE just received, and are now opening at the corner of Bridge aud Mulberry-streets, (Shorter’s build ing) a general assortment of V)v\ Goods, Hurd-Ware Sadie vy, Shoes, Wats, Bon nets, Patent Medicines, Crockery, Glass-Ware, and Groceries. All direct from New York and Charles ton, which they offer for sale. Macon, 7th July. 16 — ts. cqu.N you s.\u,. HE subscriber has, at the Ichuc ? conn a bridge, on the Federal road in bibb county, Corn for sale at; 75 cents per bushel. L. LAWSHE. July 7. 16 JVOTiCK. \LL persons are forwaned from tradii g for five Notes of Hand, given by me to Daniel N. Halstsd, one for sixty three dollars and fifty cents, and four others for twenty five dollars, each and all made payable to Daniel N. Halsted or bearer ,—I believe dated sometime in the mouth of March or April last, and made payable on or be fore the 25 th of December next. As the consideration for which they were given lias failed, aud I anr determined not to pay them. CHARLES MAGNAN. June 27, 1823. 3w16 A*oV\ce. NINE months after date, applica tion will be. made to the honorable. Inferior Court of Twiggs county, when sitting for ordinary purposes, for leave to sell one tract of land con taining two hundred and eleven acres, more or less, lying in the county of JFashington, near Sandersville being the property of Josiah Vasscr, deceas ed, late of Twiggs county. If lULIAM PERRY, Adm'r dt bonis von. July 7, 182(5 . 1 GmOin *Y l/ist\ Lelte rs O EMAININGPin the Post office at Fort-Hawkins, Ist July, 1823. James W.AlstoneS L Mrs.NancyAlstoneJames Loyd Henry Audolpli John Loving, esq. B. Benjamin Lamar Jas. R. Burnett John Lamar Henry Bell John Lambeth Eli Bennett M Alfred Belden William Myrick. J. &, E. Bennett Pleasant Moon Brvan Bedingfield Miss Martha Me* William Brooks Donald Mack Berryman James Moore Tarply Bows Win. Meloy Rich’d Bosworth Pr. R. Matthews Sar’l VV. Butler Miss Ann R./M. Jeremiah Busby McKenzie C. Robert McHuray David B. CullersonSam’l .Montgomery Peter Castleberry James Matys ■ James T. Corey John McCall Nathan Carter Miss Eliz. Mallett Clerk of the Court Mitchell Moasshon of Houston co. Win. L. Mcßee James Clarke Mr. Matthews Capt. Noel Calson N^ i Miss Nancy Dent Shepherd Norman /Jesse Dunn Dread Newson John Davis, esq. Ebenezer Nelson Aaron Davis Miss Mary Owens Alveu Floyd Abraham Posey Lewis Foy, esq. James Potter > William Fish R King Farmer 2 Robert E. M. Ro- Thoinas Flewellin bertson . G Solomon Robertson Peter B. Green Benj’n Russell 3 Rob’t H. Goldthat-James Russell tie Paley Raban Robert Green Geo. A. Rodgers John Griffin Mrs Nancy Ren- Jolin Graver free H. James 11. Rodgers Rev. Geo. Hill 3 S David Hill Desair Steward Dr. James Horn James Gray Shin- Alien Hall holser Wm. T. lluttent Henry Sapp James Henry 3 Willey Starling Jesse Harper Wm. Simmons John Hudgeons Harrison Smith Joseph Harper F. ■ Mrs. Jane Holmes John Thomas Wm. 11. Hughes 2 Wm. I). Tucker John Higgs Nathan Townton Thomas Ham I V Rob’t M. Ingram James Visage Justice of Inferior JY court of Craw-Jacob We aver ford county Joseph Williams James Jessop 2 Wm. JFillbourn2 David Jiles Cha’s fThitehurst Alex’r Jounnagan Daniel If hatley. Miss Laura John- sen. 2 stone Y.W. ft at ley K Martin JPhatley H. King John Hood ward Tho. F. King 2 Dempsey Jr hiddon Letters not called for within three months will be sent to the Geneial Post Office. . „ „ __ N. W. WELLS, P.Jf July 1. 1G