Newspaper Page Text
lIsfAljLISHED Ib2ti.
VIS’REPLY TO WOLSELEY
fvgush UENERL’S akticle on
YeB SHARPLY REVIEWED.
(Ut Gratefully Accepted, but Ills
ILristra end Superiors Defended
froroV Just Criticism -A Ve*jr
Able Document.
Mav 7.—To-day’s Courier-
^Triata a reply i'om ei-Preeident
•paria to the recent article by Gen-
\y c l8eiey on General Lee, publish-
' re cent number of MacMillan's
ne The reply is as follows:
lie Editor of the Courier Journal:
atwptmy ‘haoks for your paper
loins s recently published article by
r or d Wolseley on Gen. B. E. Lee.
„ sonlii reasonably suppose that an
Cut soldier, when writing of another
dd.wide tame, and of military affaire,
to no small extent, have become
, 8 l i *onl.l confine himself to ascer-
facts, instead of adopting the style
isstional novelist and manufacturing
niss »ith the freedom of a romancer
,.ot is the oharaoter of Gen. Wolse-
Irticle I propose in a brief review to
|o( the South gratefully aocept the eu-
lihich ccnld not exceed the esteem
Ite and honor in which we hold the
Lj of L«; but we, who knew him
|( M 1 that he needs no pedestal cou-
doi the wrecks of his associates’ rep-
l The true recital of his deeds is
itnl>ey. and that which alone ac-
lillbis moral worth,
lathes had full confidence in the
constancy of his troops, and they
iilj confided lu him, and though his
|at attacks on the enemy, notwith-
jog the disparity cf numbers and the
ity of his arms and equipments,
_s daring and oombative femp.r, we
llebttd to Gen. Wolsoley for the^state-
Jthst when, in 1862, be visited Lee "at
lad of ptoad and .victorious troops he
1 it the notion of defeat by any army
[mil be sent against him.” It may
L sell to recall remembrance to tbo
Lit when Lee reported a victory bo
h ucribed it to tbo'Caror of Provi-
[not to the invincibility of big army,
lutide under review Gen. WoUeley
lied himself not only as a military
■but also os a political historian; thus
■its in his first paragraph as follows:
| •older*, well vented ae all Americans ere
liilory of their forefathers' struggle against
s>us be third, and believing flriaty la the
I their cause. sew the seme virtue la one
tut ws* to he tound lu Uie other. This
lit upon which, durlcg my stay in Vlr-
'"‘l 1 round every HruUieruor letd the
a*.
e who thus spoke to him must havo
d Uteir language to the hearer, for by
ren the resolutions of 179S-’‘J9 more
il) kttowo and accepted as a cardinal
bin by Virginians. It was the assor-
t continuance iu the Stats of aover-
land independenoe which had been
pj'he war of the rebellion against
"l Subjeots may rebel, but in
lia was a sovereign State, and it
is to apeak of the rebellion of a
In a subsequent portion of tbo
tide Gen. Wolaeely shows that he
ntd from Geo. Lee the Southern
Shut there is on error in introduo-
Lc ire old to qualify State. Gen.
ftdnly knew, as did every edneated
Ian, that the States were all equal as
|U and obligations.
;itiug G n. Lee's ropugnanoe to
. Gen. Woiaeley write*:
nn with all Southerners ho llrmlj be-
a *arh of the old mate* had au equal aud
•htwlrighk by iu ludlrldual couatltuUon,
• aunt union, to laava at will the gieat
uaehltheach had aaparatoly amend u a
PS** This was with him an article ol
•rich he waa as sun ss ot any Divine
aicuca lu the Bible, lhlt tact nut al-
■ leptla mind by tliOaa who would rightly
“as hu character, or Uta tours* b« pursue-t
•* Sued the Vulon for which bla tether
7 ui the previous century had {ought so
acts so much. Hut ba loved bla own
Sba waa aba aovanlgu to whom
' ‘J?" ?* ow *d alleglahce. aud whoaa or
J«u*4 through her legally coaetttutad
at be was, bs felt bound in law, to hou-
bva to obey without doubt or hesitation.
J »*s the mslnipnns that kepi tboHoulb-
’•recy nltig. as It was also tbs corner-
acooihration.
l.^Moed what was the corner-
the Confederacy, t very little re-
uughth.ve shown him that the
hot hw narration as herein given
h> conformity to it, and that tbe
seen the States was especially dif-
ik®.? uprising of the Colonies
thru.British IOV. reign,
teinlormstion ol bis readers Gen-
i. i C , omma “lcat*d the feet that
» thhi the seven cotton States
C" their withdrawal from
» and their establishment of an in-
fepnblio, under the title of • fhe
States of America.’ Thu
.‘Udependence was in reality a
,f.V r ••one enoid ever sgsin
«e State, together ” And a.aift
...W 1MI, at Port Hu inter,
*h harbor, the first’shot waa fired
7 »*» only ended iu April
j.* *!**»", that Virginia, io April,
“7 *ithdrew from tbe Union,
io i. If® 'bereopott resigned his
®i» the United We, army with
Ij^^b'ihg to private life, and
wife 1 ? »'?“">•«» him major gen*
~| - of hsr military
eonrenUon bs foe-
RssJ'SggjSi'aiasa
o A f , ^ h f Rlo U w“ d c,* t °r.r- r0, ‘ C<
L«aum'^'^“d of chronology and
Xj***«ot he announees:
1 ‘ 1 ' ,, uah1>r“* l£,, * to4 » hug and bloody
KumehS m Ul * hombottlo oratory if
'« >he psoplsw*rw
be s^kf* Jh®*? hurtasra would bo
Ls io for only
- *sr. ploadcil la
tbo tana of the
H-lTt rtTff' f 0 add to his military
*» «rara??;_ T “ u *•• » rotstwhich,
■Moisd? “hetltution of hu army.
,Confederacy was
h .a rtdsed and a
' b * fo,# Virginia
«h. Omw Jllf e “'® do * n ‘»®‘
lhr*oI?A , ’.?° “** hi « R rt at
Hghnid the term for which
■nu M «’,?? •h’f* WM no law for
l «.ny da,!^ t - OB, *derato army of
*» <,( |h» 7 *' l *G»e months, er tbe
' ivlc, «* r \ b * lr K the sborust
cf the ^c™# 1 ^® pruvUionui
Iter. _* ‘' Q0 'ederate Mateg,
'-re homeUmt* acctpUtl
MACON. GEORGIA, TUESDAY, MAY 10, 1887.--TWELVE PAGES.
VOL. LXII. x>0 (i.
H^'nripr er ni^in7 0 iv, t l. m ?i? r ? r ^ 8ervioe an< 3 a the nentenev. At Richmond the C vnfed-i HooWh army w»s in supporting distance
law It Mr .;. n h i at 1 ®'» tlll ® a b J tho i h » a principal fonndry 'for the ' of llurn.ide on th- norm, ana as Lee’s
the - mien™ if .if W . CU ln pasetng toovrrect ousting of heavy guns and the manufacture army was e inirontieg both to provtnt their
BDDlied to?h. f «^° ^ ‘^oJuUon,” as of railroad supplies; then there, too. was adv.Ii ’ '
* Tbev had h fnnt^» ^ ® 3nl hero States, its principal armory, near y a'l of its tua ’
havinoenntr^^ ? ? ^ bll 'hod governments, chinery for the repair of small arms and
lifoaml PMsoi frai »? att0r ai°. f p J jpetty ' lho preparation of ammunition for both
and .nS ‘a Cr ? ° t0 th ,"* r “ v '- «‘>llery and infantry. There were, there-
mained nnd^i.trJ a0 a e8 .o f . projedute re * fow - ▼»»7important material conalderations
from the TT d nMn b mM by ‘ra r w ‘ tbdr ? wsl iavolved in m .interning its poas. s.i m. It
t.,«l.i,k j 1118 oon I d not bave b ‘"n is utterly untrue that I urged Leo to pro.
was th 1 had “sonrred for which wgr long the defense of tbe cappal
, , ... "“ ,w “ it'ui; uio ueuiuau ui u
was tne only remedy, and this he m^ht have wish and jadoment.
learned from the efforts of tbo "Peace Cm- retreatirg order, no:
grefi?*, as well ob from tho published pro- 1 lower Virginia, ai d
. ■ ig-ii 1st his
He* was not of tho
W-— , nor willing to abandon
.. — .— pnhliahed pro-I lower Virginia sud railroad connectons
f ootnm-.ssion sent by the Con- with the further Sm»h; bat when conviuo-
iJf° ra *u 8 .Ti e « r ° m ? D s^ 0 States ed that the maintenance of his position was
oerore hoetiliti# B had commenced. a mere qneitiou of time, aud prosnmal ly a
lne assertion that Leo most deplored tho short one, the only point to bo disent'sed
election of officers by the men they were to wa*, when and by what route it i-honld be
oominand must exclto sm— 1 1 * * * —
who know Loo beat, and „„„ 4WttUB nuu wa# 104k w
which onr army was raised. The citizens of his selection, which we hoped ho would
tho several States volunteered to defend thfir have fall power io make, despite the in*
homes and inherited rights. Under the o.easing pressnro of the aiego Tuo end
raws of the Confenyruto government they I came sooner than either ot ns expected, aod
were to be received into tho gsnoral service in a manner which prevented the execution
by companies, battalions, or regiments as I of tho movement on which we hsd after
organized under State authority, and to ba full consultation, agreed,
formed by lho Gonftderato authorities into Tbe politicl consideration attaching to
brigades, divisions and corps d’urnrie as oc- tho dotenso of thecapbal s«<med t> bo fully
oaston required, tho general officers to be appreciated by Gen. Wolseley when be waa
appointed by tho Confederate govern- I censuring the Confederacy for having lost,
ment. It is to be borne in mind | as he supposed, an opportunity to capture
that the troops were drawn from the the capital of tbo United States; Out bo
aursuita of civil life. Who so caps- finds it quite reprehenaible for th, Confod-
>le to judge of fitness to command orate government to oppose the continued
a company, a battalion or a regiment as the efforts of its enemy to capture Richmond,
men composing it? Tho higher officers That was the objeo.ive point of tbe vast
might be wisely selsoUd from men of es- armies launched from the North, but the
tablished military reputation, or from those oonquest of Virginia wsh the first step to-
who in service should manifest extraordi- warns the capture of Riohmnnd. an 1 Loo’s
nary ability, and tho appointments of the brilliant campaigns between tho Potomao
S encrals to command tho troops tarnished and James rivers were for much more than
y the btttes was conceded to tho Conted- the mere defen§» of a citf. When, by his
orate government If the power to appoint I greot strategy m ivements acro-s the Po*
the officers had been conterred upon tho tomao, he drew tbe enemy out of Virginia
general commanding sn army, we might and broke up tho plans cf caupaignfor
1STO had a system preferable to Gen. Wolso- whioh it ha re quired muoh time and
ley but wo should not havo had the treasure to pr rhf, there were higher hopes
armies whose glory will grow brighter as and grander tup. ses than even the de-
their history becomes better known. fence of onr c npital, «ith ail tbe political
To one possessing less than Gen. Lsh’b [ consequences w .. ere involved in its
foresight and knowledge of the Northern capture.
people, "a long and bloody struggle” must I The advantage of drawing tho enemy into
hove c ecn anticipated before they would the interior can hardly bo claimed by Gen.
consent to lot tho South go, but of those Wolseley as an iaveuuoo; he may find it
who, relyiDg on the constitutional right of stated in a proclamation leaned at Danville,
a State to withdraw from a league it had Vo., after tno ovaoualion of Richmond, but
voluntarily entered when it oeased to an-1 merely as a compensating oiroamstauoo,
swer tbe end for wbioh it was established, the value of whioh it was supposed woul
milder terms woold seem more justly to be realized by every one.
describe their expectation of a spsedy set- A Field Marsh .1 of Prossia is said to have
tlomont than such aa "bombastic oratory of I remarked, upon Being London, that It was
self-elected politician and patriots.” a very tine place for "loot” If a hostile
No more than justice is done to Gen Lee force should e ver threaten tbe oepital of
in derforiblng him when commander in-1 Euglund, by all tbe tender memories which
chief in tbe army of Virginia, and subse- bid mo to it, I hope the then commander of
quently, in the early part of his service, the British foror-s will not avoid tbo "great
when a gt nerel of the Confederacy, as I stra’egio error” of defending it to a finality,
working assiduously and wisely to give effi- by retreating before it should be necessary,
oienoy and cohesion to our improvised ar-1 and leaving the capital to tbo mercy of the
mies. Bis sterling mrrit was unscathed invader.
and his equanimity undisturbed by the fears Then, with the conceit which tbe wise
and jibes of ignorance or malice, and his King of the Jews describes ns tbe most
fame was too solid to require snob fictiou ss hopeless of mental conditions, Lord Wolso-
the following to strengthen it: ley censoriously criticises ths conduct of
The formation of an srar with the mean, alone b ° tb parU ” to ‘ h# w " h® 1 /, 8 ”," ,h ®
at bis disposal «u % colossal task. Ever) thing bad aud opt cmlly tbs Aunmea failures of Geo
ti be creeted bj this mreordlnary m»n. • * In Led to reap the fruits of victory, as folio *s
about two mouths be bed created a little army of I
fl.’ty thousand men, animated by a lofty patriotism Whst most strikes the regular soldier Id these
ana couss/e that made them unconquerable by a I c.moslaue of Gea. Lee la tbe In.Ill lent manner lu
atmUarly commuted army. In another month, which both fctaod bit o .pouentswersone,.served
tbls army at Ball’s lion gained a complete eictory I hr tb.le suoordln.f c imm.ud.rs, aud how badly
over the SioKhern inrad ore, who were driven back the eta* end outpost wort geoerUlr was per formed
ecrose the Potomao like herds of frightened thesp.” 1 on both etdes. • • • over and over *g*tu ««.
Gen. Wolseley bs. previously shown .hat
be kDew Confederate troops bad boon as-1 wb»D. from w«nt of a thoroughly good »uff t->
semblod at CbarleHtoo, aud bsd reduced orgar Us uoraoir, tba occasion waa lost, and t’.o
tho IT niti-d Htates fort at that ulace He *»°wad to esespa. Lm'i combinations to
1 , we w , e j, v Ji P - a a*: * I s«curs victory war* tba conceptions ot a truly great
might bsvo learned, if he did not, that I B t t Atselst, and, when tbsy bad beso effected, his
Coufederate batteries had preveuted the I tactics wsra almost always srsrythiog that could be
enemy’s vessel from entering the harbor at dnired up to tho m« msnt or fictory. but there hu
fMtorinAnn nn ,i *[...* w hi»n Vipoir.in wm> I actionssoomod o stopabraptlir. Woisvsrao army
CharlcHtOD, BDd that, When Virginia vrns I jjopolossly at the morcy ot another a* that of klc<
first threatened, Gen. iionh&m • fully*or-1 cuiun wheu ho beKau ht« rt-treat to lUrnson’s
L’liuized brigade had been sent from 8-mlh Undlng aff* tho sov «n day’o flgbdng around
Carolms to aid in tliedc-fenso of Virginia, bicbmood? What e mmaudo couldloub to havo
lavT s VraVa,.* iraraYura snC \tAws.Vmr- svl 1 hU foo »n a "tlKhur pUo*" than Burtuld* w.siokfter
and that in tue first bftltlo ol Munaisas, or | hu dUMirou* aitack upon Loo at F»odorick*burg?
as bo aud the Noitberu people generally I Yet tn bctU iaaiau«)ro lho Nortuore c«iiuiu*ttii«>r gui
cull it, Bull lluu, thero were troops whico aWy sua other simllsr lssunces cuuld bs
hail been brought np ftom mo8t of the msotionsd.
ConMerato States, This, therefore, wua I To this general allegation it may suffice to
not an army “oreated" in two months, by I reply that Lee rarely found fault with his
tho commander in Virginia. For a muoh I aubordi .ates, and, I belluve, was never sur-
longer period, and before Virginia had I pri-ed, and very rarely Idled to anticipate
jot .ed the Confederacy, troops had been in I the movements and purpose ot hisoppon-
tbe processs of formation in the various e nt- Tbe duties of reconnoiasai.ee and
Htatea of the Confederacy. I ontposn., it must therefore be eouoluded.
Then follow bis remarks on the viotory wertJ fairly well performed. Gen. Wolseley,
at Uanassav„wbich bo calls Bail's ltun: I having learned from wh*t be considered
The Confedorstes did not follow np their eta-1 sufficiently good authority, both Federal
tory at Bull’s Bun, A rapid and dutnt sdeanos I 4n j Confederate, the force, on various oe-
I onions, deduced tho result that the usual
mood wsroellowtd to outweigh tbo vo*y ovldont I num«rical diopsrity in bottle was "from
minis y expediency of rsvpU), e solid edvsutws I about twi.-e to three timea mure Federate
from their Brit «raet success. Ofieu afterward, I tbtn t fe eln were C infederatea eugsged.”
3«h w^n'.TSrsS1^2.1 tbt “ cireomstence. a "rentfi t
. d, was the action of th.trpoUUcal ruler, lamented [ soldier might hove been expected to find a
union if
b7tbs Confederate commsiders. I r reoaun that defeeU of the ataff for
When the baaeiees story that tbo Presi- allowing tbe larger force to escape. A vie-
dent had prevented tbe pursuit of the enemy tory could only have beon woo by an army
was first ventilated, Gen. J. E. Johnston, I one-hslf or one-third as large av its oppon-
the senior officer on that field, November I ent bringing ite whole force into action, end
10,1861, by letter, replied to aqatry, that leaving nn fresh troop< in reserve; its men
tbe reasons for not advancing w ere: "The worn out by farigue and its rank* ebettered
apparent freshness of tbe Uuiud States | by tbe casual fee of battle, pnranit coni 1
troops at Centreviile, which checked our pot be practicable in the case of an enemy
pgrauii; the strong forces occupying the I routed aud flying in a state ot disorganize
works war Georgetown and AltxandrU; tion.
tba certainty too, that General Patterson, aneh wav not the condition ri either of
if needed would reaoh Washington, with the srm'ee s*leeied for illustration—that of
his army of more than 30,6011, sooner than McCl-U n orBu nside. Neither bad been
we oonld, and the condition and inadequate runted, both had retired sud taken sir mg
means of the anu, in ammuLition, p-uvia- po-itiuns advantageously covered b, Mill
ions and transportation, prevented tn te- l -ry, aud the f irmer supported b, gunboats
Anna thonahU of advanotng agaiuea the I iu tbe Jamas river.
SXr ^ General Bsmaregsrd. t ie Keond To th ;r famtlisr with tbe acts, tba
in command, has folly stated, aa the ob blame cf L e tor allowing Burnside to es-
stechsto pursuit, a want of supplies and espe from the "right ptaoein which be
traosDorUtion. Neither of them has was after the bat* 1. of Frsderioksbnrg oan
stated that which either of them might, only pmv« k<. a smir-; but for auoU sa may
that in the night tfar the battle, I I tike Gen. W iU»l.y sa authori'y, whioh he
it..mired wbst if any orders had been I colls a "tight plane will be dmc ibed.
given for pursuit, and after learning none The town cfFrwJsrck burg Ison the
had been giv.-n, and slier some forther io- winth side of tbo Rappahsnn. ck river, a
M order for Gen Bonham wide plain ex’ends behind tbe to. n to a
Iiuires! dictated an order for Oen Bonham I wide pldn
IU move forward with bis brigade at first commanding ridge.
Oo this ridg* Lee’s
advancing soalbward, ho could not wisely
have placed o> a wiog of his army beyond
snppurtiog distance of tbe other, or en
gaged in an enterprise eveu if feasible,
which would oon- qurnt’.y txposo the coun
try he waa defendit-g
Lee was ..lwaya dining, but never reck-
ees of the liv. a of bis men, and be fought,
not tor telf-pl irlfication, but for the safety
of his ooun ry and tbe euc-is. of its ctuse.
A charge against him for nskiog tno muoh
could be better eu.taiued than for over-
motion and tlio neg'eot of opportunities.
He seldom had au occasion where the odds
were not sgainst him, and I recollect once
being prevent t a omf* rs ee when a well-
educated end bright suldi-r lug in to oslou-
1 .t,* the cbvno.» of a proposed movement,
with pete.l in hand, bnt L~e, smliiDg,
told him to put his pencil np, for "if we
go to ciphering wo sh-11 be whipped be
forehand ”
I bud sl'Dost forgotten that the supposed
failure to pursue and prevent the escape of
heenoniv wga attributed to the want of a
"thoroughly good staff,” but how the staff,
without fresh troops, would pursue and
prevent the oso.pe of a retreating enemy,
baa not been explained. "Indent! di«cant.”
Pci hups the process iv like that of tho
Irishman who bioughtin four prisoners
and accounted for the capture by sayiog he
•surrounil-d them.”
Iu th» same vein of disparagement of tho
effloers of Lee's army, and in apparent ig
norance of tbe fact that we bad other
armies, that forces were embodied iu the
several 8:»tes to be sent to tho different
parts of the Confederacy, and that we had
a general staff, with some officers of rare
ability snd large experience, at tbe bead ot
department* cf organization, as well as of
snpply, General Wolseley writes:
Those who know bow difflcuU it Is to supply cur
own tullltia anil volunteer rurce. with efficient offl-
cere can appro Ute wbst rtlfflcnliisa Osi-sral Lee
had to uverromsln the foimslien of the army he
so often led to victor . Be had about him able av
als tints, who, like himself, bsd fe e v d an excel
lent military , dueallon at West P lnr. To toe tu-
cxperlt-nced soldier U te t-o n,alter of eurp.l e, hut
to tbs general reader It will be or luler-e. t» know
that on either eld. In thl. war almost ev.ir seoera'
whoe. name will be remen h-red L> tbr future hail
been educated at that military e.'h cl, •>.. bed
1-een usiuel lutbs old regular arm) ol Ut Bulled
8ta.ee,
That. 1 mentary edneation in tbe soianoe
ot war is a great advantage ton y neral is a
proposition not to be denied, but native
endowment is, I think, a more e.-non'i il re
quisite, sud iu bis army, aa well a. in oth
ers, we bad Generals not taught at “West
Point,” or "trained in the old regular army
of the United B’-atea'' whose nvmea sh til be
reuiemt>ered aa long as tho tr idit-ons of onr
war shall lost, or ite biitory be read. It is
surprising tint one should have visited
Lee's headquarters and id free conversa
tion not have heard ul Gordon and it imp-
ton and Breckinridge and Rh dev and Celt
and raylnr aud U jpeaud Asbby aud Berks-
dale, and many others who o.ine from civil
lifr, and by di.'ioguished service won tbe
oommi-sion of General. Obould the army
of the Southwest and that of tbe tranv-
Uiuixsippi be included, tbe list would be
Very large.
Toe most inattentive listener, or careless
reader of tho annals of our war, might bo
auppos d to have learned of the exlraordi
nary effotlu in Misaouii and Kentucky to
preserve their autonomy. Sin.ll Price and
Bowen and Little, and Johnson and Mor.
gau aud Hanson be forgotten? Shall not
the deed, or Forrest aod MoUulloagb be
rememberer? While thero shall bs renu
ions of 0>'ofrderate solr-Urs these anil other
train as wli be pivotal p'.iuls around wbicb
the camp fire remiaracmcea will gather,
and in the more distant futnre bs house
hold words in the traditions of the put.
General L -e, as known those who bad
been his friulids from youth to age, wav not
1 quacioas or prone to volunteer bis opin
ions upon general subjects, aud thus it ap-
p era than Gen Wolseley mu.I have been
id the part of mind reader, rather than lis
tener, to some of bis citations. There is
one instance which it seems well to notioe
Lee is reported to have "declared that bad
he owned every slave io the South, he
would willingly give them all up if by so
doughs could preserve tho Union.” By
cbvngiog the last word from‘ Union” into
'Confederacy,” the sentenoe will correa
pond with what G m. Lee said to others,
and stated when before a committee of tbe
S.-nate, to whom w nr forced a recommend-
attain for tbe enrolim. nt of staves in tbe
Confederate army, with the prospective
emsnoiprtion < f those who should be hon
orably discharged; or by a change of date
from tbe "Autumn of 1862” to the begin
ning of 1861, the deeloraiicQ w.-uld be sup-
posable. But, after Virginia, biiaoverefg-
Bad withdrawn from the Union, after she
had been invaded for the parpote of o rero-
ing her to abandon bar oum' national right;
after, Jaa a Confederate general, be had
fought battles to rep.1 this invasion, and
bad witnessed the ruthless dealruction of
tbe lives and homes of hiv people; it woul
have been nnwortby to rff r sacrifice to se
cure the failure of the cm-e for which bn
bad drawn M« awurd. aud I lieu bores corn
minion. Gen. Woiaeley, in his article,
c-immils various b ographica! and blatorioai
errora witch are not conat lered impotent
and therefore are not noticed in tbismview.
His nomenclature, aa well os bia detrac
tioo from “Mr Davis,” indie ite the North
era source of bis information, for it is not
st all pr bible tbit be learned It either by
eooversatlun with Lee, or assoaiari-n with
the uffieeh) at hiv headqu.riers. With »v-
snniption to know nut uoly the acts but
motives of men, some of but brief ae-
qn.intanoe, and others only heard of, be
deci les not only ths oharaoter of the war
between tbe States, but what should have
been tba political c lurse of tbs Southern
people.
llsvmg turned loose bis imvginvti >n L
freo tr im the restraint of historic ti f mu,
he sweeps the whole field in the following
paragraph:
LU. all men. L-. bsd bit fault.; lUu all the
policy ot the South was »U throughout tho war die-
Ut«M by Mr. D*vU, a« Pro^i-lvut of tbo Confedejato
HUte«. Leo had no pow«r to r*w,*rd soldiers or
promote offle«rs. It wm Mr. Davis whoselocted
to com mind dlTlstons and armies.
dawn’of d!7“‘Gea.’ Esrly^whom 11. ft with [ force waa advanugevosly posted. On the
on «h. extreme left, when th. north side ut the ri.er, ju d n-.r to... te a
tedtlahad closed has reported that be waa bold rargv known ae tbe Ruff >rd heights,
inatrue^td byme’to remlm in that podtiin Hen Burnside bad sraemhled bte formida-
M brat sniUd for pursuit, and that he trie array. wb,U further np the tint was
paMcd the night there expecting orders iu | Honker wi-h another arraju BurovUeafter
the moruin'- \« these facts have all been i s*riona opposition, crossed lire river end , 0 s crisis la ibv ■» i.,trut 4 with tb. Ciraettoe
£WStt3 ar.“.".7ajs'ss«-,r“
hcThoMd^M* preferred to revamp teen of “xr^
ol »>w alas tba fee las* ul ultra's. UU upon oe-
e si n*b» left iumi iv uMfttoeaor rasp..aslbiittr Sa
ahlcb Ibtlr alfiliUss «,r* nut *qutl. Ttbvlltsw
ut taut usIiM-si thatq-iilltx nsjr b-. aewaats
— — ‘ * - a with lb# Clr-ctloa
i uraal. Lra'se.vo-
tot ouetteuc »e.ta
i sabsersteht t - thoa.
tor reseat cf t:s ecustay.
ftlllee mads bis sat—-
kauwa Ilex te bs se
lf it be a psychological rufirction, the nn-
noaooemeat that no ui-in ia perfect is moro
grave than novel; or, if it be regarded in a
military sense, still it is not quite now, aa
M trshal Saxe in the long, long ago is re
ported to have t-niri that tbo general who
h id made no mistake must havo mads fow
otmpaigna.
Iu wbst, it is asked, consisted tlio criml-
noii'y imputed to Lee? If he was ia no
wuy responsible for the selection and pro
motion of the general officers, aud bad no
power to seenrs the removal of incompe
tent officers, what was bli crims? Did any
omo ever occur where hi* recommendation
for promotion whs disregarded, or bte re
quest for the removal of a aubordinate waa
refused? If none, and I believe there was
none, then the oomplaint is csnvelesa and
never oonld have bad ite origin is VOfdt
epoken by Leo.
The ideA that ours waa a .“overt revnln.
tiontry war” must be attributed to the
want of politioul infurmalior, mure excusa
ble io a foreigner than in a native, and the
conclusion that ws should have had a "mil
itary dictator” teertn won*than the pte-
mtso. Tlio moat onrnory observation might
have taught an intelligent visitor that the
States had old, well-ovtablished forms of
government, nnd that tbe Southern p-oplo
bad confederated to defend their communi
ty independence and i hcrited rights of
person snd property, Cuuld anything, to
the average English n-iod, be moro absurd
than the supposition that men i e- irnd
with ths determination to stake their all in
defense ot buck rights, would bsv9 erm-
meno«d the struggle by throwing away
their frosty law-shield and submitting en
tirely to the will of a diotatoi?—would fly
to dcspolLm au a refugo from possible con
quest?
If a propoeition may be oomridt red, after
deciding it to be abvurd, [ will say in addi-
ii m tbst no man among us who could hato
been thought worthy ot such a trust, by
ary largo number of our people, could havo
buen so recreant to principle as to accept
•.be tff-r to r. iga supreme over the pros
trate liberty of his o mntrjmcn.
The hypothetical i'lnitratlon of Gen.
Wacbingtoa with it Mr Davis over him,
together with the matter whioh immediately
pteocd‘8 and follows, divtiuotly prooenta to
the reader as facta tint the war between the
States was a revolutionary war, quite liko
that of tbe O-rinnh-s ugiiust Great Britain;
that Gen. Washington had dictatorial
rower, and that his army was tree from
'toy control by civil authorities; ouch
rositlon is untrue, and tbo representation
nexcuHqbio in ono appearing aa a writer on
Confederate affair*. At a period of greatest
dtpreiwion the C ingress ot the Confedera
tion did invest General Washington with
extraordinary powers; they were not, how
ever, plenary, bnt distinctly enumerated,
given only for e brief period.
If Gen. Wolseley, by tbs latter part of
tbe paragraph quoted above, means to statr
that “a month or two only b.-foro tbo col-
lapV Gen, Leo wua given oomuiaod over
ail our armies, dictation of tbo mtlitary
polioy of the Confederacy, tbe reward of
soldiers and lho promotion of officer-, I
am ooe ot tbe many to whom it wonld be
news if it were a fuel. The general super
vision aud direction ot oil our atmtea waa
assigned to Gen. Lea by President Davis in
the first year of tbo war. Hit offioe was io
Richmmd, and he oontiautxl, under execu
tive authority, long and tuufuhy to dia-
•hem that doty.
After tbe battle of Soven Pines Gen, Leo
w.x ordi rad to the field and to the imme
diate oommand of tbe Army of Virginia,
then confronting the enemy on the Chicks-
hominy. The successes of our arms ia tbe
seven dnva' battles, fu filled my expecta
tions of Leo, and secured for him tbe con
fidence ot the people and tbe devoted love
and admlrati-in ot bis army.
Tbe habitual thoroughness with which
Gen. Lea ditcbsrged every duty, and bi*
exaot ksowledge of tbe fune’iona of every
n-.in in hi- iirn-y, win lli-r -.1 th.. lini- i.r tin-
staff, led him to give minuto attention to
every detail. For example, be found tho
teamsters were feeding their horses on the
ground, and ho ordered boxes to be famish-
ed in which the borst e should be fol.
To such e commander the administration
of the affairs o. an army are mvea-srily nb.
aorblog. After a time Gen. Lee requ> nted
that hn should either be relieved from tho
linmeditte command of the army of Vtr
gmia or of tbe gen'ral direction of onr
urmifs. I was relueUnt to do et her, bnt
yitidM to his reiterated nqneet by relieving
him from the general direction of our nr-
mbs.
The public interest forbsde its substitu
tion by another as commander of the army
of Virginia. Then this same Mr. Davis,
who, aooording to Gen. Wolseley, took upon
himself the management of all military af
fairs, called the tried and able aoldler Gen,
Bragg to bte aid, and a-signed to him tho
same general supervision whioh Gun. Lee
had exercised before be took the field.
In the teit-r pert uf • he wur a committee
of the Legislators of Virginia presented to
me an application to hive Gen. Lee ai-
Htgmd to the general control of onr armies,
to wbioh I replie 1 th it the only obstacle tu
e implienoe with the request was Gan. Lee's
uoslllii gnesa to undertake the task, snd
recited the facts of his previous euignusnt
to tbit duty snd why be had been relieved
from iL
Near the close of th* war, when many,
as te uiosl in time of disaster, were bant-
ibg forspeenlatise expedients, Ure Confed
erate Congress initiated a measure which
substantially gave to General Lee the pow
ers and duties awigned* to him by the ex
ecutive 1861. That »ra a general com
rnund under tho au'.htrily of
tbe President of the Conted
crate States, tbe constitutiontl com
mender-in-chief of tbe army. It was not
in .he power of Congress, exoept by im
peachment, to .bridge or tasumo tbe au
thority with wbicb tbe President w vs in.
vtsted by the eonititntioa. The official and
and personal relations between General Lee
end myself remsried unchanged; be oon-
salted- me es bsfure, and the friendship
which began when we were cultta was
only made closer end firmer by our com
mon hopes, anxieties and trials la defense
of a earns to which both had ph.-rig .-1 per-
eon end property and whatevur ambition
polio? was embarrassed by this same Mr.
D tvis. Where Gon. Wolseley got the ma
terial for his structure i* unimportant. It
matters not whether it was tbtained where
be learned hU nomenclature or -> as evolved
trom his internal oonsciousntsa; as it is not
in tho senso and for the pnrtxt-e for which
it is presented. Though the law ol our or
ganization required the President to nom
inate and "by and with the advicn and con
sent of the Senate” to appoint officers, the
nominations wero made usually on the
offiri&l reports and the recommendation ot
the general commanding the army in which
tho officer woe to serve. In Gen Lee's
army, I nm quito snro, no promotions
woro mado without his special ramm-
iin-nriati-in, ami no Hulumlin-iit- retained in
hi* army whom ho reported to bo iuosp.hle.
For tho foregoing reasons Gen. Wolseley
oonld not havo got his ideas from Gen. Lee;
bat all donbt, if any existed, must give way
b> fore tho o nolusivo forco of Geo. Loo's
testimony before the grand jury in Rich- .
mood.
Soon after tho close of tho war, a grand
jury found bills of inuiotment uRiiinit Gen.
Leo suit myself. Gen. Grant, with manly
integrity and soldiorly pride, insisted that
ho had accepted the pernio of G-n. Loo,
nnd could not const lit to his mutt aod
trial in violation of tho plarivo on w hioh
tho psrolo was given. The United Htatei*
government euspendtd tho prosecution of
Loo, bat in order to iatprovo the indiotiuent
against me, impaneled nnother grand jury,
aud summoned Gea Lee as witness, by
whom to establish overt acts done by me,
which might sustain tho indictment for
treason against the United Blates.
If it was expected that Lee would seek
safety by transferring to mo any responsi
bility which wos his own, tho expectation
belonged to a lower standard of honesty
snd chivalry than tbs', by which Gen. Lee
wa* governed. To the inquiries whether
ho was not acting under my Instructions,
enumerating several of his movements and
battles, ho answered tbst ho bad always
cousulted me when it was practicable lo do
so, and that we bad always finally reached
thu roue conclusion on nuy question we
discussed. That bis aclions had therefore
been in conformity to bis judgment nnd he
oonld not say that he would havo acted dif
ferently if there had been no conference
with mo, and must therefore himself hear
the responsibility attaching to his acts.
Snbs’nnUallj thus spoko Lee when a less
able man might have availed of tbo oppor
tunity to avoid daDgcr by transferring the
responsibility to odo on whom it would cer
tainly gladly be placed. He mat mo imme
diately after IcaviDg tho jury room, nnd ro-
rortod what had occurred thero. Enough
las beon given above to show that hn never
felt embarrassed in bis military nffalniby
my interference, or aggriuved by lho with
holding from him of any power which be
longed to him an a general, commanding
one (.I ninny u-ri:i““.
In tho comparison Instituted between tho
sis of Centrals Washington end Lee, end
til - hypirilii-i* of a Mr. Div-.h, the lir-t im
pression rondo wax how very puerile, and
then, unable to realize how a British officer
of high grade could bo bo ignorant of the
many important differenctsiiitheciu-c*. the
queatiun occurred, why he should bp ho per
verted and apitefnl against ono who does
not remember over to have see him, > r to
have felt any intetest in him, except when
report created tho unrealiz'd hope that he
would save Gjner J Charles O-rilon from
impeniiingsacriflce. Jkfpkuson Davis,
Beauvoir, Mi-s, May 6, 1887.
AR.MY OFFICERS EXECUTED. •
Colunel Avtsu nuil Ills Companions shot by
Order of aCourt-klartlsl,
Chicago, M«y 0.—A ipociul from Gnay-
mas, Mexico, st)e: At NUnriso yesterday
tho judgment of the court-martial in tho
ense of Colonel Avion, Lieutenant Gniterez
and Louis Reucon was executed, Tbo trio
faced death bravely, all rofn-eng at first to
have their eyts bandaged, but finally, on
tbo appeal of Colonel Yardsti, tbo men al
lowed themselves to be blindfolded. A vol
ley was then fired on tbo condemned men,
and tho examining surgeon a lew mlnutoe
inter prononnoed all throe dead. These
were the persona who created trouble on
the American aide ot tho liu- some weeks
ago. They brought a iquad uf aoldiera to
tho American aide and httempied to release
a man from local officers wbo was not un
der arrest, bnt whom tho officers were tak
ing chargo of to keep im out of trouble.
The three c mdemned men were held iujail
at Nr gal fur iomo time, hat a sufficient
number of army officers could r.ot reach
there to try the cats The meu w. re bronght
hero end a aafficieut Dumber secured and
the trial beguo, resulitug a* it s'el Culmel
Avisu lntd been a prominent roan iu Mexi
can military und political circles, bnt much
ioclinrd to dissipation. Ho was a tine look
ing men, tail snd erect, with a graceful fig
ure and handsome fee ■.
A lturclsr*s Terrible Mistake.
Chioaoo, May A —Jack Barks snd Pari-ly
Carroll, tbe pngiii-te, who ham been giv
ing slurring exhibitions In Ml.-hiusn, re
turned hntne Sunday night. While they
were at the dinner table, a*. Burke’s k use
Monday afternoon, they beard e noise in
the Isuement Btrko went I'.o-vn »• >irs
j ust in lime to eei ch a negro w bn I;... I f. i rued
the rear door. Tbe tnliuder sbnwi d fight,
t-ut only fra minute. The next found
bun ti it on bte back from tho etti ct uf uue
uf J-ck's blows under the jaw. In vigorous
fashion the pngrlut then sent at th-- bur
glar, and whin ha got through C. i-oil
entered the rtug and slug {ed tbo r; gro
about the cellar until it aouml -ri on though
somebody was felling down st ire. After a
few minotes of rare sport the prowler was
permitted to make hi* escape,
The Washington Monument.
WasunroTos, May 7.-Tho \t ►• in. ton
monument commission tkte dtaMMUl-
a meeting to disc css the advisability of cas
ing tbo monument to the public slier thu
first et Jure, on account of sieliaiaf adf
of vandalism which are perpetrated by vis
itors. Tho marble i< chipped in m.ioy
places and the bronz> letter* on ibe tytias
tablet have many of them b>cn f rce.ri off
and oanlcd away aa mmaaloi .The silver
ointment of the Nevada sh nebs* slur lien
mutilated, and the commission
mined to put a atop to tl--- iii-gr
acta, even if te do so It n nec
visitors entrance to tbe aha
tul
...wry to ileuy
The hull’s Wisjr.
New Task Sea.
1 lie only ri.1.1 w*y to ri >.po*e of tbe sur-
plui untilCoogri►* i- - ...i the qniv-ttou is
to pay off tba bond* on ei.y t.-rm* nut ex
ceeding par hl’1 interest to mMunty.
ever lads *
i
■lira. ».,m, l/raiVn 0
I Mrau street, buffalo,
misstatement