Newspaper Page Text
^f«[ Herald and ^ducrtistjr.
Newnan, Ga., Friday, September 2d, 1887.
tern Hemisphere from Virginia to
Southern Brazil. It has been most suc
cessfully cultivated, however, between
cotton or used its fabrics at a very early
date, since the cloths in which the
mummies were enveloped were of flax
the thirtieth and. thirty-fifth degrees instead of cotton. Indeed, it appears
THE WORLD’S BIO GUNS.
Some of the Monsters Built for the
Ships and Ports of Foreign Powers.
New York Sun.
Washington, Aug, 26th.—The havoc
made in the Atlanta's fixtures by the
inadequacy of her gun carriages to
hold and control her pivot guns, calls
attention to the fact that while the lat
ter are very powerful^for an unarmored
cruiser of her size, they would make a
small show compared with the heav
iest ordnance now carried in war ships.
The ptogress of thirty years in con
structing heavy guns has been extraor
dinary. The largest pieces found on
war vessels in 1860 tlirew a ball weigh
ing 68 pounds, with an initial velocity
of 1,570 feet per second, and an energy
of 1,100 foot tons. Now initial veloci
ties in high-power guns have been in
creased to 2,100 feet; projectiles at the
maximum weigh as much as 2,300
pounds, and in some cases are pro
pelled by charges of nearly half a ton
of powder, while the 110-ton guns of
the Benbow reach an energy of about
60,000 foot tons.
Passing over the triumphs obtained by
intermediate calibres, which were re
markable in their day, we find that the
largest French steel guns, such as are
used for the armament of the Terrible,
completed at Brest, the Requin, built
at Bordeaux, the Indomitable, built at
L’Orient, and the Caiman, finished at
Toulon, weigh each about 76 tons. They
deliver a projectile weighing 1,716
pounds, with a muzzle velocity of 1,-
780 feet per second and a muzzle en
ergy of 30,000 foot tons. The guns are
rifled breech-loaders. The French
have other powerful guns, those con
structed on the Bange system being
well known.
The Armstrong guns now mounted for
service in the Italian armor-clads Dui-
lio, Dandolo, Italia and Lepanto weigh
100 tons each, and throw a projectile
of 2,000 pounds. Those have long been
familiar, but the later breech-loading
guns are improveinnets over the early
muzzle-loaders. The most powerful of
them take a powder charge of about
772 pounds, and have an initial velocity
of 1,835. feet per second, and a muzzle
energy of 51,000 foot tons. Guns of 105
tons have been made at Elswick for the
Francesco Lauria, tiie Andrea Dona,
and the Morosini. In these the weight
of the charge is 900 pounds, the weight
of the projectile 2,000 pounds, flie muz
zle velocity 2,019 feet per second, the
muzzle energy 56,547 foot tons. They
will undoubtedly prove most formida
ble weapons.
The largest Krupp gun weighs nearly
119 tons. It is over 46 feet long, lias a
calibre of 15£ inches, and fires a shot
weighing 2,314 pounds, with a muzzle
velocity of 1,800 feet. The maximum
elevation gives it a range of nearly 7-J
miles. Its power of penetration into
wrought iron is estimated at about 41
inches at the muzzle, 31 inches at the
distance of 1,100 yards, and 30 inches at
2,000 yards. At the distance of three
miles its striking average is still about
28,000 foot tons. The Italians have
two of these guns mounted iii a shore
battery, for- which purpose they are
intended.-
The English 110-ton gun, manufac
tured at Elswick, is abfut 44 feet long,
and its actual weight 247,795 pounds.
The screw block, removed in loading,
weighs 2i tons. The projectile is a
bolt weighing 1,800 pounds, and 16f
inches In diameter. With 850 pounds
of powder the actual muzzle velocity
attained was 2,07S feet, and the muzzle
energy 34,000 foot tons; so that with
950 pounds, which the gun is constructed
to use, an energy on the' projectile of
62,700 foot tons is expected. The re
coil of the gun is very small. The
British also have a powerful new gun
in their 62-ton steel breech-loader,
which will be carried on the Rodney.
north latitude. Humboldt found it
growing in the Andes, at an elevation
of nine thousand feet, and in Mexico
at five thousand five hundred feet.
Boyle reports it cultivated at an
elevation of four thousand feet in
the Himalaya range. Such elevations,
however, are not favorable to its best
development. Botanically, cotton be
longs to the natural order Malvaceae,
genus Gossipyum. Botanists differ as
to its proper classification into species;
some enumerating as many as ten spe
cies, others seven, and others only
three as necessary to a clear discruni-
natiori between the distinctive charac
teristics recognizable after making due
allowance for differences resulting from
soil and climatic influ^jees. IV e pre
fer, for our purpose, to adopt the lat
ter, supported by such distinguished
authority as Prof. Asa Gray. These
are:
1. Gossipyv.ru herbaceum. Common
upland cotton, leaves with five short
and roundish lobes, petals pale yellow
or white, turning rose-color, purple at
base, stigmas three to five, capsule
three to five-celled, many seeded, and
surrounded by a tomento.se wool. When
ripe the capsules (bolls) spring open by
three to five valves exposing the cotton,
which issues elastically from the cap
sule after it has burst open.
2. G. Barbadense. Barbadoes or sea
island cotton; leaves with five longer
lanceovte and taper-pointedlobes; pet
als yellow, capsules more pointed than
those of herbaceum, wool not adhering
to the seed; fibre fine, long and silky,
with slight cream color.
3; G. arboreum. Tree cotton, not
now cultivated for its fibre. This lat
ter is also known as G. relujiosum, from
the fact that it was held sacred by the
Hindus. It is grown about the temples
in India and supplied the material for
t he sacerdotal tripartite thread of the
Brahmins, the emblem of their trinity.
The plant has dark green leaves, bears
handsome rod-purple; blossoms and
produces silky cotton in small quanti
ties. Attempts have been made by
hybridizing this with the more pro
ductive species to increase its yield, but
without success. Its product is un
known to commerce.
The Barbadense is successfully and
profitably grown only under the influ
ence of- salt atmosphere and, conse
quently, its cultivation is confined to
the coast and islands of the sea, whence
its name sea island cotton. On account
of its silky fineness and length of sta
ple, it commands a price which justi
fies its cultivation, notwithstanding
the fact that it produces not more than
half the yield of lint obtained from the
upland or herbaceum, which furnishes
almost the entire commercial supply for
the spindles and looms of the world.
The history of the cotton plant ante
dates in its beginning the commercial
annals of the human family. India
seems to have been the most ancient
cotton growing country. For fiye centu
ries before the Christian era her inhab
itants were clothed in cotton goods of
domestic manufacture from the fibre
grown upon her own soil by her own
crude methods. It is said that “more
than two thousand years before Eu
rope or England had conceived the
illea of applying modern industry to
the manufacture of cotton, India had
matured a system of hand-spinning,
weaving and dyeing which, during that
vast period, received no recorded im
provement. The people, though re
markable for their intelligence whilst
Europe was in a state of barbarism,
made no approximation to the mechan
ical operations of modern times, nor
was the cultivation of cotton either im
proved or considerably extended.”
. Notwithstanding the proximity of
China to India, it was not until the
eleventh century that the cotton plant
became an object of common culture
in China. The first mention made of
1887.
£6ucational.
.VvW'VWA'VW.'wW'V.'V
1888
that those nations which were early
celebrated for their manufacture of
fine linen were slow to substitute the
cotton for the nax.
Herodotus mentions cotton fabrics
450 B. C., and speaks of trees in India
“bearing as their fruit fleeces more
delicate and beautiful than those of
sheep.” The cotton fabrics of the Hin
doos have been excelled in fineness? and
excellence only by the productions of
the most perfect machines of modern
times. The city of Calicut, on the wes
tern coast, gave its name to the fabric
known as calico. Tayemice describes
some of their goods as “so fine that you
could hardly feel them in your hand,
and the thread, when spun, is hardly
discernible.”
The famous muslins of Dacca have
been, on account of their fineness, des
ignated as “webs of woven wind.” It
is said that muslins made in Bengal are
so fine that “when spread upon the
grass and covered with dew they are
not discernible.”
Spain was first of the European
states to grow cotton. It was intro
duced here by the Moors in the tenth
century. The first cotton was planted
in the United States in 1621. “Carroll’s
Historical Collections of South Caroli
na” mention the growth of the cotton
plant in that province in 1666. In 1736
it was planted in gardens in Talbot
county, Md., latitude thirty-nine north.
At the commencement of the revolu
tionary war Gen. Delagall was said to
have had thirty acres planted in cotton
near Savannah, • Ga. It is stated that
in 1748, among the exports of Charles
ton, S. C., were seven bags of cotton
wool, valued at three pounds eleven
shillings and five pence a bag. An
other small shipment was made in
1754, and in 1770 three more, amounting
to ten bales. In 1784 eight bales shipped
to England were seized on the ground
that so much cotton could not be pro
duced in the United States. The first
sea island cotton was grown on the
coast of Georgia in 1786, and its expor
tation commenced in 1788, by Alexander
Bissel, of St. Simon’s Island. In 1791
the cotton crop of the United States
was two million pounds, of which three-
fourths was grown in South Carolina
and one-fourtli in Georgia. Ten years
later, 1S01, forty-eight million pounds
were produced—twenty million pounds
of which was exported.
The United States have long since
excelled all other countries in the
quantity and quality of the cotton pro
duced. India ranks next in importance
in the supply of cotton to the United
States, but its fibre is far inferior to the
American. The other cotton producing
countries worthy of mention are the
East Indies, Egypt, Brazil, the West
Indies and Guinea.
In Brief, and to tlie Point.
Dyspepsia is dreadful. Disordered
liver is misery. Indigestion is a foe to
good nature.
The human digestive apparatus is one
of the most complicated and wonderful
things in existence. It is easily put out
of order.
Greasv food, tough food, sloppy food,
bad cookery, mental worry, late hours,
irregular-habits, and many other things
which ought not to be, have made the
American people a nation of dyspeptics.
But Green’s August Flower has done
a wonderful work in reforming this sad
business and making the American peo
ple so healthy that they can enjoy their
meals and be happy.
Remember:—No happiness without
health. But Green’s August Flower
brings health and happiness to the dys
peptic. Ask your druggist for a bottle.
Seventy-five cents.
PALMETTO HIGH SCHOOL,
(FOR MALES AND FEMALES,)
PALMETTO, GA.
JOHN E. PEN DEB GBA S T, Prin.
FALL TERM WILL OPEN WEDNESDAY,
SEPTEMBER 7, 1887.
Henlthy climate, pure water, good society,
cbeap board and tuition, experienced teach-
erx, and special care to pupils.
Tuition, per month ----- * 1.60 to fl.00
Music, per month ------ 3.00
Hoard per, month - - - - -, 8.00 to 10.00
£^*Send tor Catalogue.
THE
muzzle velocity. Should these expee-l 'p* mentioned not as an object ot m-
tations be realized, this gun, though but o*> of. .interest and utmost-
much lighter, will be more destructive I W »" occupant of lie done, gulden,
than the SO-tm, gun of the Inflexible, the beauty of its flower, being cele-
which takes a projectile of 1.700 pounds,
with a cartridge of 450 pounds, reaching
a muzzle velocity of 1,600 feet.
It is said that the next step attempt
ed in heavy gun construction will be
that of a 150-ton monster, this project
being attributed to the Essen works. It
would throw a shell six feet long,
weighing a ton and a half. There are
also some guns under construction
which are expected to accomplish great
results on somewhat new theories, as in
the case of theoue manufactured for
Col. Hope. This is to take an enor
mous powder charge, and to have cor
respondingly great penetrative effect.
But without going into the possible
successes' of the future, those which
have already been achieved are suffi
ciently astonishing.
History of the Cotton Plant.
Prof. J. S- Nowmnn, in Ana. Agriculturist.
The cotton plant is a child of the
sun- Its natural habitation is in the
tropical regions of Asia, Africa and
America, but it has been acclimated
and successfully cultivated as far north
as the thirty-sixth degree of north lati
tude Its cultivation covers a very
large portion of our globe. In the
Eastern Hemisphere the range of its
cultivation extends from South.™
vurnfM on the north to the Gapeof
Good*Hope on the south. In the Woa-
brated in poetry. It is recorded in
their annalsas a circumstance worthy
of note, that the Emperor Ou-ti had a \
robe of c-otton when he ascended the 1
throne .in 502. In the eleventh century j
field culture of cotton commenced in !
China, but owing to the opposition of
the people, especially those engaged in
growing and manufacturing wool and
flax, it was not until 1368 that the cul
tivation and manufacture of cotton
were well established.
Central aud South America, and the
WeSt Indies, grew and manufactured
cotton long before their discovery by
Columbus, who found the plant under
cultivation, and the people using fab
rics made from the staple. At the con
quest of Mexico by Cortes, in 1519, he
found that the clothing of the Mexi
cans consisted principally of cotton
goods; the natives of Yucatan pre
sented him with cotton garments and
cloths for covering for his huts, while
Montezuma presented him with “cur
tains, coverlets and robes of cotton,
fine as silk, of rich and various dyes,
interwoven with feather work, that
rivaled the delicacy of painting.” The
plant was successfully cultivated in Pe
ru in the time of the Incas, in 1532..
Specimens were also found in the an
cient Peruvian tombs and taken to
England at an .early dat§ foyexhibition.
Egypt seems not to . have cultivated
W. E. AVERY
DEALER IN
WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
JEWELRY,
SILVERWARE,
SPECTACLES,
GOLD PENS,
CHINA AND GLASSWARE,
MUSICAL MERCHANDISE,
SINGER SEWING MACHINE,
NEEDLES AND OIL,
VIOLIN STRINGS,
BRTC-A-BRAC,
NOVELTIES
In house decoration, .etc.
WEDDING RINGS,
MEDALS, BADGES, PRESENTA
TION AND SPECIAL PIE
CES OF JEWELRY.
36th SCHOLASTIC YEAR
—OF—
COLLEGE TEMPLE
WHAT SHALL* WE DO TO BE SAVED?
HOW CAN WE SAVE MONEY?
a00DS • “ d lbey m “‘ “
Bold. My stock of
SPRING CLOTHING ^
Is complete and will please the most fastidious Come nnd see them. iSods *wiH
SlZnO. Men's Hulls from *7 50 tc *20 All I want is a chance to show them, tne gwu
sell themselves. n'r... t.insns. Table Dam*
My line of DRY GOODS consists of Ginghams. Lawns, Muslins. Ores. L i » Q f
askj Checks, Bleachings, Sheeting Shirting-ln fact, everything and anything m me way
staple Dry Goods and Notions. . i„ f n r«tvl» or orlce. Also,
A big line of Men’s and Boys’ Straw Hats; can’t be beat in town for style or p
a handsome lot of Men’s soft and stiff Hats. iJulies' My
I sell the best hand-made Shoe In town for the mo sey—both for .Gen}* and Daa«» t
stock was selected with care and comprises all the late novelties aud stj les. A lar »
medium grade Shoes always on hand.
GROCERIES.
My stock
efyihing needed
sell low for Cask, or Os Time for approved paper. . ,
Get my prices before buying elsewhere; I can make It to your advantage to do so.
Greenville Street. J R. HERRING.
WILL BEGIN
Monday, August 29th, 1887,
Having recorded our most successful year,
we present the claims or able Instructors,
high scholarship, moderate rates and health
ful locality. For particulars, address,
M. F. KELLOGG, President,
Newnan .Ga.
NEWNAN
MALE SEMINARY!
REPAIRING AND ENGRAVING
Everything guaranteed as represented-
all work warranted.
W. E. AVERY, the Jeweler,
Newnan, Ga.
The Fall Session will begin
Monday, August 29th, 1887.
The school will be under
the supervision of Pitof. A. S
Jones, as Principal.
Board, $10 to $12 per
month. Tuition, $2 to $4.50
per month.
The patronage of the public
is solicited.
Chas. L. Moses, Proprietor.
ymmn'vrr.'inn— ■.sr =
SWTiid
in the Crucih
i.'Bg
About twenty years ago I discovered a little sore on my cheek, and the doctors pro-
nonneed it cancer. I have tried a number of physicians, bat without receiving any perma
nent bontjilt. Among the number were one or two specialists. The niu-iiclnc tn:-y applied
was like fire to tho soro, causing intense pain. I saw a statement in the papers tolling what
S. S. S. had done for others similarly afflicted. I procured some at or.es. Before f had used
tho second bottle the neighbors could notice that my cancor was homing cp. My general
health had b“sr. oad for two or three years—1 haa a hacking conga and spit blood contin
ually. I had a sevore pam m my breast. After taking six bottles of S. S. S. my cough left
me and I grew stouter than I had been for several years. My cancer has healed over all but
a little spot about the size of a half dime, and it is rapidly disappearing. I would advise
every one with cancer to give S. S. S. a fair trial.
Mits, NANCY J. MoCONAUGIIEY, Ashe Grove, Tippecanoe Co., Ind.
Feb. 1G, 13SS.
Swift’s S[>ociflc is entirely vegotnblv, and se---,3 to cure cancers by forcing out th“ impn
Titles from the L.ood. Treausu on Hlooil aud Shin Diseases mailed free.
TUB SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., Drawer 3, Atlanta, Ga.
THE GEORGIA
SCHOOL OF LANGUAGE,
SCIENCE AND ART.
One of the best Business and Normal Schools
South, and only one havingaseparateFemale
Department, offers a select, unsectarian,Chris
tian home to young men and young iadies,
providing Tuition and Board, including
Washing, Fuel, Lights, etc., tor only *12 per
month each! Penmanship, Book-keeping,
Shorthand, Type-writing and Mnsic thor
oughly taught. Full Business, Normal, Col
legiate and Irregular courses of study. Su
perior Preparatory Department. Healthful-
ness unsurpassed. Over 200 students the past
year. 16th year begins in Sept. Early appli
cation is necessary to secure, a place- For cat
alogue addrsss at onee,
TERRILL E. SIMMONS, Pres’t,
Norcross, Ga.
SOUTHERN
FEMALE COLLEGE.
College of Letters, Science and Art.
FACULTY OF SEVENTEEN;
SCHOLARSHIP HIGH.
Library, reading room, museum, mounted
telescope, apparatus, twenty-one pianos, com
plete appliances. Elocution and Fine Art at
tractions. In Music the Misses Cox direc
tors. vocalists from Paris and Berlin, distin
guished pianist, and ladies’orchestra. Board
and tuition, *207. School begins Sept. 28th.
MRS. I. F. COX, President.
LaGrange, Ga.
WHERE
Do You Intend to Educate Your Daughter!
Lagrange female college,
LAGRANGE, GA.
Forty-first Annual Session begins Septem
ber 21, 1887. Thorough Teachers, Approved
Methods, Practical Instruction. Full Litera
ry Curriculum. Superior advantages in In
strumental Music, Voice Culture, and Art.
Singing by note taught daily by a teacher of
acknowledged ability. Book-keeping, Elo
cution, Calisthenics, and Vocal Music taught
iii regular course, free of charge. Ten thou
sand dollars now being spent in improve
ments. Write for catalogue before deciding
where to send. RUFUS W. SMITH,
Euler B. Smith, Sec’y. | President.
THOMPSON BROS.
DEALERS IN
FURNITURE, ORGANS AND UNDERTAKING GOODS,
NEWNAN, GA.
’O’ *
BEDROOM, PARLOR AND DINING ROOM FURNITURE.
WE HAVE FOLDING BEDS, EASY CHAIRS, OFFICE CHAIRS,
ANYTHING YOU NEED.
ESTEY AND GEO. WOOD & CO.’S ORGANS-
WOOD AND METALIC BURIAL CASES.
jpgT’Oders filled at any time of day or night.
n
PRICE OF
GULLET’S MAGNOLIA
COTTON GINS '
REDUCED TO
$3.00 PER SAW !
QUALITY STILL SUPERIOR! t
Makes Better Sample Than Any Other Gin in the World! -
Ask agent in your town for prices of Gins, Feeders and Condensers, or write to us.
THOS. M. CLARKE & CO.,
GENERAL AGENTS, ATLANTA, GA.
newnaN marble and granite works.
WALKER HIGH SCHOOL,
1887.
Tne Fall Session Begins August 30tH.
NORMAL FEATURE.
In addition to other advantages offered by
the school-we mention that of Normal in
struction. Having prepared a great many for
teaching, this school offers special induce
ments to inexperienced teachers, and those
expecting to follow that vocation.
DANIEL WALKER, Principal.
MRS. M J. NIMMONS, Assistant.
Newnan Ga., Aug. 5tb-tf
SIMRIL
MANUFACTURING CO.
NEWNAN, GA.
ROOFING, VALLEY, GUTTERS
and all special Tinwork and Repairing done
promptly and warranted. We also manufac
ture a ' " ” '
tore a full line of SUPMlOJlTlirWA** which
may be bought of all dealerm wl» are wllUn*
to handle good roods. Ask for “Slmril’s tin”
piece-la grnvan
to handle
and fcav» no
teed.
McNAMARA & BRO..
-DEALERS IN-
MARBLE AND GRANITE,
MONUMENTS, TOMBS AND HEADSTONES,
TABLETS, CURBING, ETC.
ESPECIAL DESIGNS, AND ESTIMATES FOR ANY DESIRED
WORK, FURNISHED ON APPLICATION.
NEWNAN, GEORGIA.
i
K
AYC0CK MANUFACTURING COMPANY, :
GRIFFIN. GEORGIA.
MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN
DRESSED AND MATCHED FLOORING, CEILING AND ROUGHAfy
LUMBER, LATHS, SHINGLES, ALL KINDS OF MOULDINGS,
SAWED AND TURNED BALUSTERS. BRACKETS,
SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, ETC.,
My Blinda are wired with patent cllncherwlre machine, which never breaks loose. Cor
respondence solicited and special prices given on bills far buildings. Write for prices
discounts on Hash. Doors. Blind*, Ac. 4^1
a
MCCLENDON & CO.,
PRINTERS, STATIONERS AND BINDERS,^
MMU*) NEWNAN. drA.