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News Review of Current Events
SEN. 'JOE' ROBINSON IS DEAD
Court Plan May Have Died With Him . . Japan, China
Face Another Crisis . . Treasury Backs 'First Lady'
IL ■ dIP
Bf**
Joe Robinson Rallies the Democratic National Convention.
W* PueJuUul
SUMMARIZES THE WORLD’S WEEK
© Western Newspaper Union.
Falls Face to Battle
WHEN Sen. Joseph T. Robinson
of Arkansas dropped dead of
a heart attack in his apartment
across from the United States capi-
tol, the President’s
plan for securing
new appointments
to the Supreme court
bench, even in its
amended form, died
with him.
That is the belief
of close observers in
Washington. For
"Joe” Robinson was
the President’s tow
er of strength in the
legislative branch of
the government. He
■
BBhSSSr AGiwa
Senator
Harrison
had served the Democratic party
well in the senate since 1913, and as
the majority leader in the upper
house since 1932.
Joe Robinson’s job it was to keep
a smooth balance between the con
servative democrats, largely of the
South, and the more radical mem
bers of the party from the North
and West, so that the objectives
of the New Deal could be turned
out of the legislative mill.
Robinson never fought harder
than he did in his last battle. As
he worked hard and long in an
attempt to get the “compromise”
court plan passed, often raising his
voice and exerting himself mightily
in senate arguments, it was ap
parent to his colleagues that he
was not well. Sen. Royal S. Cope
land, the only physician in the sen
ate, had several times asked him to
calm himself lest he hasten his
own death.
While the senate was adjourned
for Robinson’s funeral, administra
tion leaders sought to rally support
so the court bill could be passed,
even without the late senator’s lead
ership. But the opposition forces
were equally determined to take
advantage of the psychological as
pect of the senate following Robin
son’s death —the desire to effect a
peace, finish the session’s business
in a hurry and get away from the
capital.
The forces opposed to the bill
believed that when the issue came
up again they would be successful
in recommitting the substitute bill
to the judiciary committee, an ef
fective way of killing it. The indica
tion of opposition greater than had
been expected in the house of rep
resentatives was another factor
pointing to the eventual fall of the
bill.
Another battle was not long in
getting under way: to decide who
the new majority leader of the sen
ate should be. Conservative Dem
ocrats were anxious to wrest a
measure of control from the White
House by backing Sen. Pat Harri
son of Mississippi, who has been
faithful to the President, but is
fundamentally conservative. The
more radical senators backed Al
ben W. Barkley of Kentucky, Dem
ocratic national convention keynot
er, who had been Robinson’s as
sistant as floor leader. Another pros
pect was Sen. James F. Byrnes of
South Carolina, but it was believed
his strength would eventually be
transferred to Harrison.
Another thing that had Washing
ton guessing as a result of Robin
son’s death was the vacancy on the
Supreme court left by the retire
ment of Justice Willis Van De
vanter. Robinson, it was generally
believed, was to have received the
appointment.
Struggle in the Senate
'T'WELVE Democratic senators
1 and one Farmer-Laborite were
believed to hold the fate of the
administration’s substitute for the
original bill which would increase
the number of Supreme court
justices to 15. The administration
was certain that the bill would re
ceive at least 38 votes, with 48
necessary to a majority since Sen
ator Robinson’s death. Forty-three
senators were definitely committed
against it. Thirteen were still un
committed as the battle raged on
the senate floor and in the cloak
rooms.
The twelve uncommitted Demo
crats were: Andrews (Fla.), Bone
(Wash.), Brown (N. H.), Caraway
(Ark.), Duffy (Wis.), Johnson
(Colo.), Lewis (Ill.), Murray
(Mont.), Overton (La.), Pep
per (Fla.), Russell, Jr. (Ga.) and
Wagner (N. Y.). Lundeen (Mian.)
was the Farmer-Laborite.
The substitute for the original
Ashurst bill provides for appoint
ment of one new justice each year
to every justice remaining on the
court after reaching the age of
seventy-five years.
New Sino-Japanese Conflict?
WAR between China and Japan
was believed almost inevitable
as hopes of settling a new outbreak
of hostilities by diplomatic means
faded out. The fight
ing ensued as Jap
anese gendarmes at
tempted to take over
the policing of Yu
anping and Lukow
kiao, two villages in
the Peiping area,
near Marco Polo
bridge. This, the
Japanese said, was
provided for in the
North China truce.
According to the
assertions of the
fek. J/
Emperor
Hirohito
Japanese war office, Chinese soldiers
fired upon the gendarmes and opened
up with trench mortars against the
Japanese contingent at the Yuanping
station. This action allegedly com
pelled the Japanese to make a night
assault, costing 20 lives, in order to
occupy the towns of Lungwangmiao
and Tungshinghwan. It was said
the Chinese troops had also ad
vanced into these points.
Officials of the Hopei-Chahar coun
cil claimed the Japanese moves
were in open violation of the truce.
They further accused the Japanese
of conducting night army maneu
vers, using real bullets instead of
.the blanks ordinarily employed in
maneuvers. As Emperor Hirohito
and Premier Fumimaro Konoe con
ferred with military leaders and the
cabinet, the Japanese people franti
cally prepared for the war that
loomed.
China’s Nanking government gave
orders to Gen. Sung Cheh - yuan,
commander of the North China
forces, that his army was not to re
treat for any reason, but was to be
prepared to make the “supreme
sacrifice” to hold its position until
Gen. Chiang Kai-shek should arrive
over the Peiping-Hankow railroad
with 50,000 fresh troops.
As the fighting continued in the
Peiping area, with no hope of an
effective compromise on the two na
tions’ demands, war seemed the
probable result.
Although an agreement was re
ported to have been made between
local Chinese and Japanese authori
ties at Tientsin, settling the dispute
to the satisfaction of both, the na
tional government at Nanking has
continued to insist that no agree
ment reached locally would be
observed.
Mrs. Roosevelt's Taxes
WHEN Representative Hamil
ton Fish (Rep., N. Y.) sought
to demonstrate the unfairness of the
tax invasion investigation commit-
tee, he demanded
that the committee
investigate the i n -
come of the wife of
the President from
radio broadcasts,
charging that she
was not paying a
cent of income taxes
upon those earnings.
She had. turned over
$39,000 to the Amer
ican Friends Service
committee, a Phila-
CM
Rep. Fish
delphia charity, kept $1 per broad
cast for herself and paid nothing
whatever from her radio earnings
to the government.
Assistant Attorney General Rob
ert H. Jackson replied for her, ex
plaining to Chairman Doughton of
the congressional committee that
the bureau of internal revenue had
advised Mrs. Roosevelt she need
pay no tax on the receipts from
the broadcast. He declared the re
sponsibility “is not that of Mrs.
Roosevelt, but that of myself and
others who were treasury officials
at the time.”
Loyalists Widen Front
THE Spanish loyalists’ drive to
push back the rebel forces to
a safe distance from Madrid con
tinued, with the government forces
widening the front by expanding
both flanks several miles. The main
line of advance was in a southerly
direction, slow but steady. It had
progressed as far as a point half
way between Brunete and Naval
carnero. Loyalist forces were at
tempting to acquire control of the
Quernales river banks, there to dig
in and protect the right flank while
the main drive continues south.
Rebel military strategists were
not particularly distressed over the
government advance, for they be
lieve that if they can draw the
major part of the Madrid garrison
out into the open country and de
stroy it the advance will benefit
them more than it will the loyalists.
Artillery of both sides worked over
time as the rebel reinforcements
came in to make the struggle more
equal.
The government was reported to
be using dozens of Russian tanks.
They are heavier and clumsier than
the rebel tanks, but they carry field
pieces of great accuracy and po
tency. Still, a new kind of anti-tank
gun developed by the rebels stopped
a number of them.
Government planes were report
ed doing serious damage to rebel
forces on the Basque front to the
north. In the east Gen. Sebastian
Pozas, commander of the govern
ment forces in the Saragossa-Teruel
sector, claimed that Albarracin “not
only has been completely sur
rounded, but also government troops
now are fighting in the streets of the
town.”
Mr. Eden Has a Plan
DLANS to maintain the non-inter
* vention patrol of Spain in a
fashion that will satisfy all the na
tions concerned and insure against
the spread of the
conflict beyond the
Spanish borders
have blown about
like papers in a
storm. And when
you get right down
to it, that is about
all they have
amounted to.
Now Anthony
Eden, Britain’s for
eign secretary, has
come up with a new
one, as deft and per-
A f j
Anthony
Eden
haps as futile as any which have
gone before it. It provides for
the full re-establishment of land
and sea control of movements of
men and arms into Spain. French
and British warships would patrol
the coastline with German and Ital
ian observers aboard (the Fascist
nations, indignant over the Leip
zig incident, have withdrawn from
the patrol.) This arrangement
would operate only until a per
manent scheme could be worked
out, placing observers for the non
intervention committee in all non-
Spanish seaports and airports from
which men and supplies might leave
for Spain, and in all Spanish ports
to see that none landed there. After
that, the sea patrol would be abol
ished.
Upper Silesia Still Puzzle
DEFORE a new accord could be
u reached, the 15-year-old Gen
eva convention designed to recon
cile the interests of both Poland
and Germany in Upper Silesia, ex
pired. Upper Silesia was once part
of both Germany and Austria, but
after the World war it was split be
tween Germany and Poland. The
people of the two sections have since
that time mingled freely with one
another, carrying on a live com
merce unhindered over the boun
dary lines set by the League of
Nations.
The diplomatic difficulties occurred
when no solution was forthcoming
for the problem of what to do with
the Poles who wanted to remain
in the German section and the Ger
mans who wanted to remain in the
Polish section.
6,625 Miles in One Hop!
VVTITH the world still thrilling
’ ’ to the recent flight of three
Russian aviators from Moscow to
the United States via the North Pole,
three more Russians did it again,
completing the longest non-stop
flight in history.
After flying 6,625 miles from the
Russian capital, Pilot Michael Gro
mov, Co-Pilot Andrei Yumoshev and
Navigator Sergei Danilin, made a
forced landing in a cow pasture near
San Jacinto, Cal. A leaking gasoline
line had exhausted their fuel sup
ply as they battled heavy fogs which
hung over the west coast region.
Their flying time was estimated at
62 hours and 17 minutes,
Obituary in Blue
Q EORGE GERSHWIN, composer
who lifted jazz music up to
the level of the classics, died sud
denly in Hollywood after an opera
tion for brain tumor. He was thir
ty-eight. His “Rhapsody in Blue”
was famous among the world's mu
sic lovers, his opera, “Porgy and
Bess” one of the most individually
American of all musical works. His
“Suwanee” sold more than 2,000 -
000 copies, his musical comedy
score, “Os Thee I Sing,” was a
Pulitzer prize winner, and some of
his compositions, such as "Strike
Up the Band,” “Soon,” and “Some
body Loves Me” were sung and
danced to by millions. Many prom
inent critics called him the most
original force in American music
801 l weevils are reported in fields
In all parts of Sumter county.
Direct relief was given to 281 fam
ilies in Rome and Floyd county in
June.
Farmers of Wilkes county opine
that boll weevil in that area is the
worst since 1920.
Judge Claude C. Pittman, in a re
cent decision, upheld Cartersville’s
anti-peddling ordinance.
Final survey of a 3.5-mile stretch
of the Powder Springs road, linking
Powder Springs with Marietta, has
been made.
Hamilton Ralls, state supervisor
of marketing, reports crops between
Atlanta and Toombs county are in
“fine condition.”
Payment of Georgia’s old-age
pensions will begin about July 20
and the first month’s rolls will be
completed by August 1.
Claude Peacock, of Canton, was
elected president of the Georgia
Funeral Directors Association at its
convention in Brunswick.
Cotton futures have been soaring
recently because of the government
estimate of only a 10.4 increase in
cotton cultivation acreage.
Thomas Bradford Bagley of Co
lumbus has accepted an appointment
as captain in the judge advocate
general department’s reserve.
Farmers of Sumter '•ounty report
good prospects for a bumper corn
crop this fall. The crop is now
almost at the "lay-by” stage.
State Superinendent of Schools M.
D. Collins is confident the schools
will get all of the $9,256,000 appro
priation for common schools of the
state.
Speaker of the House Roy V. Har
ris says the extra session of the leg
islature this winter will endeavor to
write a tax system "attractive to
capital.”
The Augusta Herald stated re
cently that not a drop of United
States taxed liquor has entered Au
gusta from South Carolina since
June 29.
A Fight against discriminatory
freight rates on Georgia talc is be
ing mapped at Chatsworth by offi
cials of three large Murray county
talc mines.
Moultrie’s building program moved
during the first six months of this
year toward new record heights,
with $250,000 in construction already
announced.
Dr. Thomas Conner, Atlanta, has
been elected president of the Amer
ican Society of Oral Surgeons and
Exodonists, which convened recently
at Atlantic City, N. J.
Free textbooks furnished by the
state will mean emancipation for
over 200,000 Georgia boys and girls,
in the opinion of Dr. M. D. Collins,
state superintendent of schools.
Bians for holding eight annual
livestock shows were adopted by the
leaders in the industry gathered at
Macon recently to adopt a long
range program.
Mayor L. T. Bell, Americus, pre
dicts that that city’s recreational
center will be started within a very
short time and will be completed by
September, 1938.
The following Georgians have
been nominated for postmasterships
by President Roosevelt: Herbert H.
Maxaham, Austell; Frank E. Eng
lish, Gordon; Frank H. Moxley,
Wadley.
Fire destroyed the plant of the
Georgia Rosin Products Company,
near Savannah, recently, causing
damage estimated at $50,000, accord
ing to Brian S. Brown, president and
treasurer.
Os interest to Georgia peanut
growers is the report of the Federal
Crop Reporting Board that the acre
age of peanuts this year is estimated
at 2,016,000 acres, 1.9 per cent lower
than last year.
Ely B. Callaway, newly elected
president of the LaGrange Rotary
Club, has been installed, with the
following other officers: Dr. Emory
Park, vice-president; C. M. Spining,
treasurer; B. W. Whorton, secre
tary.
Three railroad equipment com
panies were recently granted tempo
rary injunctions by Judge Paul S.
Etheridge in Fulton superior court,
which restrains tax collectors and
receivers of that county from pro
ceeding with collection of county tax
assessments covering the past seven
years on a rolling stock of refrigera
tor cars.
While the 40-room King—and-
Prince surf hotel and club was a
mass of still-warm embers, recently,
Morgan Wynne, manager, said that
plans would be advanced immedi
ately for construction of new build
ings at a cost to equal the SIOO,OOO
loss.
Senator Guy Jackson, chairman of
the legislative committee studying
proposed changes in Georgia’s ar
chaic tax system, has stated that
the purpose of his group is not to
increase the total state tax burden,
but to reform it Into an equitable
system based, as far as possible, on
"ability to pay,”
1 6 I
National Topics Interpreted / JI
by William Bruckart dl
National Press Building Washington, D. c. |h]
Washington. — This article shall
be devoted not to politics nor to
affairs of the gov-
Future ernment of the na-
Leaders ti o n exclusively
but to the future—
the future leaders. It shall be, to
that extent, a discussion of funda
mentals about which I think there
can be no controversy.
First, let us take a quick survey.
In the Capitol building of our own
nation there is raging a bitter de
bate between two schools of political
thought. The question is whether
there shall be a law passed that will
give to the President of the United
States the power to appoint addi
tional justices to the bench of the
Supreme court when and if present
sitting members reach the age of
seventy-five and refuse to retire
from active work.
In Spain, a bitter political war
fare moves on apace. It is over the
question whether Communism of the
Russian sort or Fascism of the Ital
ian brand should be the dominant
influence in the government of that
nation.
In the Far East, along the Rus
sian border, troops of the Japanese
emperor and of the Russian dicta
tor, Stalin, glared at each other.
Their controversy also involves po
litical bases. That controversy also
is complicated by economic condi
tions. It is a powder keg.
Back in Europe, we find a dicta
tor, Hitler by name, persecuting
citizens of Germany almost without
end. A political question there is
involved and it is complicated deep
ly by religion and race. Hitler and
his minions seek to destroy, first,
the Catholic church and, second,
the Jews.
Somewhat set off by the great
Alps, although woven intricately in
to the whole picture, is another dis
torted and disturbing condition. In
Italy, Mussolini, having most of his
people under his steel boot, is now
preparing for new crusades. He has
ordered all steel producing units
in Italy to increase their produc
tion to the maximum so that war
material will be available. Musso
lini wants more territory; he wants
to expand the influence of Fascism
and he wants to build a gigantic
world power in a military way with
Rome as the center and with him
as the head.
• • •
Through many years residents of
Washington and visitors to the capi
- .... tai the nation
Building have gloried in a
for Future greensward that
borders the Poto
mac river within the District of Co
lumbia. It is a justly famous park,
made more beautiful by such state
ly structures as the monument to
George Washington and the great
citadel of beauty erected to the mem
ory of Abraham Lincoln. And, to add
to this beauty is the vista across
the river where stands in grandeur
the beautiful home that was the
residence of Robert E. Lee—main
taining throughout the years the
respect that a nation has for a great
military leader. It reposes, or seems
to repose, in peace and quiet as do
the thousands of men who rest in
the hillsides of Arlington National
cemetery.
In this peaceful setting for ten
days, more than twenty-six thou
sand boys—the leaders of the fu
ture—were congregated in a Na
tional Jamboree of the Boy Scouts
of America. Tents were everywhere.
Uncounted boys in the khaki shorts,
which is their uniform, flitted about
the city or held various maneuvers
or staged dramas of the ages in a
great arena. Among them was a
sprinkling, and the number was not
more than a sprinkling compared to
the boys, of the scoutmasters and
mature men who constitute the lead
ership of this great army of youth.
I hope I may be forgiven for inter
jecting here an expression of my
personal feelings. It has been my
lot to work hard from the time I
put off swaddling clothes. The work
I have done and the experiences I
have met had a tendency to make
me callous, somewhat cynical. But
I must confess that on half a dozen
occasions as I wandered through
this tented city, I gave thought to
my own boyhood and to two boys
for whom I am responsible, I felt
a swelling of pride, a satisfaction
of heart, that I live in a nation
which has given me the right to
liberty and progress.
Moreover, there came to me the
thoughts of the future of my own
two boys and the millions of others
just like them— future leaders of a
nation that holds forth such possibil
ities as are best evidenced by the
encampment of those twenty-six
thousand then within the ranee
of my vision.
• • •
Then, no tribute to these future
leaders of our nation and to the
Tribute " at ion which bred
... [hem can or will
to West be complete with-
k T - out mention of
Dr. James E. West, Chief Scout
Executive. Dr. West was an orphan
boy. Worse, he was a cripple. And
to add to these handicaps, there
was a period in his early life when
the keenest
could not live a J
would be a i 10 ^ k£3 ®
But Dr. West was ■
the same mold ®
the founders < f c , ; , ... .«
whom, as founders t'-. p ^®
and the ns : . . M
American way
It was Dr. West vC®
indeed, dedicate-! h s Jo®
gamzation and v
Boy Scouts of . .. ®
organization of i.
lion boys and there /T.®
million who cun be ca’kj®
because they I ■ ■-.'®
remain in the ranks
Scouts. ®
I mentioned earlier
an army of peace, an aj-®
to the maintenance of )J®
traditions. No better prot®
need be given, if any weri ®
than the notorious fact
resentatives from, the thre®
iarian states-!’, ■ Gemaß
Russia—are missing f r , ; ^®
campment. In two of
the Boy Scout mot■•::.er’-®
superseded by a cm: -®
which forces reg::; - -J®
itarizing of the youth. Th®
being trained for war. d ; -®
countries still pin their : .J®
virtues summarized in J®
law—the boys promise r- ®
but to live, not to cringe ®
blossom, by holding themse®
er trustwort .. : . ..da®
ly, courteous, obedient, c®
thrifty, clean, and last b®
least to maintain a revert®
God. ■
So, I think I can be pardo®
the feeling I have that in ®
campment lie the seeds of®
tinued free America, wait®
time to take root and bloom®
manhood. It is from these an®
these alone that we can ®
maintain in our beloved na®
political system which w®
neither Communism nor Fa®
which desires liberty and pea®
which challenges the cockeyed®
ries that government mustca®
the people rather than the ®
care for their government, I
It seemed to me, therefore, tfl
something of a sour note that]
National Youth administr®
which set up a hideous looking,®
like structure near the ce®
the capital city from whid®
ture could be distributed to®
Scouts. This structure looked®
all the world like a soft drink®
at a cheap carnival and 11
sonally, resented the action of
tional Youth administration ofc
who ordered its construction. I
this way because the National Yo
administration is predicated 1
the very theory that I have;
condemned—a theory that gove
ment must serve as a father
everybody and that it must
down rules to which all must e
scribe. It is the nearest thing
the regimentation that is going a
nations under dictators that er
in our government today.
• • •
Cabled dispatch'.” ’ —
dicate again that h .
lin, is
Heavy Hand t 0 r id the
of Stalin of anyone
eryone who
be opposed to him. The
nouncements of ft e c -c.'.asOß
government tell • f the -MB
of numerous indiv. i
objected to Stalins tactics t:M|
are seeking to revise the S^^M
system. “Liquid "
means that those s
executed by a firing ;
man can cause no harm ''
pirations of a dictator.
The Stalin administration ^M
ranges for the “homuats '
opponents by coercion of
sions and this is followed W^M
what the Soviet calls a tr.a. »^M
court of justice. The courts o
tice are owned and control!
Stalin; they decide as they aret^M
to decide and there is no sum
as an impartial court in
cause the government, owns
courts and names t ie jt‘d" es
are to do the governments *
Private advices from abroa
to show that there is a very ■ ‘"^M
uprising underneath the sur
Russia. Thousands of Bussian •
grown tired of having one m • "M’
termine whether they shall ■
die and they yearn again
system of courts which »
termine their guilt or innoce "M
accordance with honest e
presented and not in acc °
with the way the governing M
wants justice administered. M
As the Russian judiciary ^M
structed under the made .■
Stalin, courts are a farce. ■
such a court structure. ^M
a dictator could not P er Pe
own power. He must hav ^B
of the courts in order to can; ™
under the guise of law’ a ^B
whims and fancies and hatr ■
he possesses. A nation of fr P
does not long remain free ^B
courts become subjected to ■
rection and control of o ■
Judges who can administer J
without fear or favor are ■
perquisite to liberty. ■
©Western Ne wrpai*' Unlon - I